pectorale, Melanocharacidium Buckup [P. A.] 1993:130, Fig. 13 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 20831] Cachoeira Morena, about 2°10'S, 59°30'W, Rio Uatuma, Estado do Amazonas, Brazil. Holotype: INPA 6629. Paratypes: INPA 1736 (8, 1 c&s), 6630 (1); MZUSP 43668 (1); UMMZ 220185 (1 c&s). Type catalog: Oyakawa 1996:479 [ref. 23140]. •Valid as Melanocharacidium pectorale Buckup 1993 -- (Buckup 1993:329 [ref. 26741], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:92 [ref. 27061], Sarmiento et al. 2014:186 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35633], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:20 [ref. 39298], Taphorn et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41297]). Current status: Valid as Melanocharacidium pectorale Buckup 1993. Crenuchidae: Characidiinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.