rufus, Echelus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:65, Pl. 16 (fig. 2) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:42 [ref. 3595]. •Valid as Ophichthus rufus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (McCosker 1977:81 [ref. 6836], Blache et al. 1973:248 [ref. 7185], Bauchot in Whitehead et al. 1986:583 [ref. 13676], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:32 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:17 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:24 [ref. 29533], Wirtz et al. 2007:6, 25 [ref. 30263], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:18 [ref. 36649], Parenti 2019:101 [ref. 37117], Reiner 2019:71 [ref. 38139], Gomes et al. 2020:228 [ref. 37550], Kovačić et al. 2020:12 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:15 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:21 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Ophichthus rufus (Rafinesque 1810). Ophichthidae: Ophichthinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Morocco; São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.