microphthalmus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] in Costa 1995:81, Fig. 97 [Pearl killifishes. The Cynolebiatinae. Systematics and biogeography of the neotropical annual fish subfamily (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). 1995; ref. 22097] Mossoró, about 5°15'S, 37°20'W, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 42312. Paratypes: MZUSP 38343 (3). Second author is G. C. Brasil. •Valid as Cynolebias microphthalmus Costa & Brasil 1995 -- (Costa 1998:238 [ref. 23578], Costa 1998:76 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:77 [ref. 25711], Costa 2001:354 [ref. 25719], Costa 2002:917 [ref. 26505], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:529 [ref. 27061], Costa 2009:147 [ref. 30511], Costa 2014:80 [ref. 33510], Abrantes et al. 2020:306 [ref. 37698]). Current status: Valid as Cynolebias microphthalmus Costa & Brasil 1995. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Jaguaribe and Mossoró River basins, Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.