anthrax, Lasiancistrus Armbruster [J. W.] & Provenzano [F.] 2000:243, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 11 (no. 3); ref. 25069] Río Orinoco backwater behind sand beach about 0.5 hr upstream from Isla Temblador, 3°04'N, 66°28'W, Estado Amazonas, Venezuela. Holotype: MBUCV V-18384. Paratypes: ANSP 162161 (2), 162175 (3); AUM 28354 (1); MBUCV V-17545 (2), V-17562 (1), V-23104 (4); FMNH 106026 (2), 106028 (3); USNM 355199 (1). Plus non-type material. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:288 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Pseudolithoxus anthrax (Armbruster & Provenzano 2000) -- (Isbrücker et al. 2001:21 [ref. 25649], Isbrücker 2001:29, 32 [ref. 25653], Isbrücker 2002:28 [ref. 27178], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:394 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:288 [ref. 29155], Lujan & Birindelli 2011:39 [ref. 31408], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:83 [ref. 35633], Collins et al. 2018:[8] [ref. 35943]). Current status: Valid as Pseudolithoxus anthrax (Armbruster & Provenzano 2000). Loricariidae: Hypostominae. Distribution: Orinoco River basin: Venezuela and Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.