picturatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2000:12, Figs. 5-6 [Aquarium (Brasil) v. 3 (no. 25); ref. 25933] Poça temporária perto de Volta das Pedras, rio São Francisco basin, Bahia, Brazil [12°24'08.7"S, 43°12'17.7"W, elevation 445 meters]. Holotype: MZUSP 59228. Paratypes: MZUSP 59229 (8); UFRJ 5053 (46), 5054 (7), 5194 (15), 5194 [sic] (8). •Valid as Simpsonichthys picturatus Costa 2000 -- (Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa & Nielsen 2004:126 [ref. 27825], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:93 [ref. 29445], Costa 2010:77 [ref. 30777]). •Valid as Hypsolebias picturatus (Costa 2000) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Costa et al. 2018:155 [ref. 36034], Costa et al. 2018:499 [ref. 36319], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias picturatus (Costa 2000). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: middle São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.