humboldtii, Pastenagus Roulin [F. D.] 1829:465 [Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles et de Géologie (Férussac), Paris v. 16 (no. 3) (art. 365); ref. 26350] Rio Meta, Ecuador. Syntypes (2) one in MNHN? Treated as Roulin in Lesson 1829 by Kottelat 2013. Previously appeared as 'Pastenague de Humboldt' in Annales des Sciences Naturelles, v. 16:625. Also appeared as a German translation in Isis (Oken), 1834:1042 as Pastenaca Humboldtii. •Synonym of Potamotrygon hystrix (Müller & Henle 1841) -- (Castex 1964:19 [ref. 20924] with reference to Garman 1878 [1877]). •Senior synonym of Potamotrygon hystrix (Müller & Henle 1841) in Garman 1877. •Status uncertain -- (Carvalho et al. in Reis et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27061] but with a Roulin in Duméril 1865 and Duméril 1865 records, and spelled histrix, Koerber et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35267], Roberts 2021:106 [ref. 38077]). •Nomen dubium -- (Silva & Carvalho 2015:35 [ref. 33871], Mirande & Koerber 2015:8 [ref. 35117], Weigmann 2016:155 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Silva et al. 2021:598 [ref. 39258]). Nomen Dubium. Current status: Uncertain as Potamotrygon humboldtii (Roulin 1829). Potamotrygonidae: Potamotrygoninae. Habitat: freshwater.