canicula, Squalus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:234 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea and northeastern Atlantic [original: "in Oceano Europe"]; localities include Penzance, Cornwall, England, Northeastern Atlantic; Rome and Venice, Italy; Lesbos Island, Greece; Syria, Mediterranean Sea. Neotype: BMNH 1866.9.12.4. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:15 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Neotype designated by Soares & Carvalho 2019:31 [ref. 36701] with collection as NHMUK. Originally based on at least 18 pre-Linnaean sources including Artedi 1738:68 [ref. 30578] and Artedi 1738:97 [ref. 30349] as Squalus ex rufo varius; Rondelet 1554:380 [ref. 30354] as Cabicula (Canicula) Aristotelis, Salviani 1558:Pl. (p. 137) [ref. 30229] as Maior Catulus, Jonston 1649:25, Pl. 8 (fig. 1) [ref. 30579] as Catulus maior, Willughby 1686:62 [ref. 30164] and Ray 1713:20 [ref. 30231] as Catulus major vulgaris. •Valid as Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Springer 1973:19 [ref. 7162], Quéro in Whitehead et al. 1984:99 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:358 [ref. 6846], Capapé 1987:22 [ref. 39326], Springer 1990:93 [ref. 19319], Santos et al. 1997:117 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:17 [ref. 24952], Capapé et al. 1999:48 [ref. 25276], Compagno 1999:480 [ref. 25589], Fricke 1999:15 [ref. 24101], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:11 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:9 [ref. 37112], Fricke 2007:25 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:13 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:15 [ref. 30517], George 2009:55 [ref. 30539], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:7 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:21 [ref. 33547], Soares et al. 2015:358 [ref. 33716], Dyldin 2015:50 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:43 [ref. 34211], Compagno 2016:1262 [ref. 34544], Gordon et al. 2016:272 [ref. 34661], Biscoito et al. 2018:484 [ref. 37562], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:62 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:21 [ref. 37250], Soares & Carvalho 2019:20 [ref. 36701], Bariche & Fricke 2020:12 [ref. 37515], Kabasakal 2020:77 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37519], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Soares & Carvalho 2020:379 [ref. 37593], Arroyo Martínez 2021:44 [ref. 38962], Giovos et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38895], Golani 2021:7 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:10 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:10 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:28 [ref. 39527], Fermon et al. 2022:93 [ref. 39448] misidentified, Balàka et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40410], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810]). Current status: Valid as Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus 1758). Scyliorhinidae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; northeastern Atlantic: Shetland Islands and southern Norway south to Senegal, including Canary Islands. Habitat: marine.
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