hypostigma, Dasyatis Santos [H. R. S.] & Carvalho [M. R. de] 2004:3, Figs. 1-11 [Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Zoologia, Nova Série No. 516; ref. 28040] Paranaguá, Paraná, Brazil, depth 70-80 meters. Holotype: MCP 35005. Paratypes: LIRP 5076 (1); MCP 4606 (1); MZUSP 9915 (1); NUPEC 1831 (1), 1832 (1), 1833 (1); UERJ 1898 (1), 2007 (1), 2008 (1); UFRGS 1549 (1). Spelled hipostigma in abstract. •Valid as Dasyatis hypostigma Santos & Carvalho 2004 -- (Weigmann 2016:130 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:355 [ref. 34581], Last et al. 2016:538 [ref. 35010], Spier et al. 2018:5 [ref. 36103], Araujo & Gomes 2021:30 [ref. 39130], Carvalho-Filho 2023:318 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Gadig et al. 2024:76 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Dasyatis hypostigma Santos & Carvalho 2004. Dasyatidae: Dasyatinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Espírito Santo south to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) endemic. Habitat: brackish, marine.