melanostichos, Hyphessobrycon Carvalho [T. P.] & Bertaco [V. A.] 2006:302, Figs. 1-3 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 28812] Rio Doze de Outubro on road BR 364 between Comorodo and Vilhena, 12°58'39"S, 60°00'30"W, Comodoro, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MCP 39510. Paratypes: MCP 38396 (203, 3 c&s), MZUSP 89646 (25). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon melanostichos Carvalho & Bertaco 2006 -- (Bertaco et al. 2007:248 [ref. 29277], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671] as malanostichos, García-Alzate et al. 2013:861 [ref. 32692], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Dagosta et al. 2016:258 [ref. 34377], Ohara et al. 2017:249 [ref. 35067], García-Alzate et al. 2017:127 [ref. 35253], Dagosta et al. 2022:11 [ref. 39143], Marinho & Dagosta 2024:16 [ref. 41147]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon melanostichos Carvalho & Bertaco 2006. Acestrorhamphidae: Hyphessobryconinae. Distribution: South America: Doze de Outubro River drainage, upper Tapajós River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.