freminvillii, Myliobatis Lesueur [C. A.] 1824:111 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 4 (pt 1); ref. 17520] Howland's Bay, Rhode Island, U.S.A. No types known. The original spelling freminvillii is the correct original spelling, but the spelling freminvillei is used based on prevailing usage. •Valid as Myliobatis freminvillei Lesueur 1824 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:43 [ref. 23100], Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Boschung 1992:27 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:203 [ref. 23827], Murdy et al. 1997:50 [ref. 23144], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:190 [ref. 23897], Aguilera 1998:45 [ref. 24221], Cervigón & Alcalá 1999:198 [ref. 24490], Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], Menni & Stehmann 2000:93 [ref. 24909], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808] as freiminvillei, Gomes & Gadig in Menezes et al. 2003:31 [ref. 27192] as freminvillii, McEachran & Carvalho 2003:581 [ref. 26985], Nelson et al. 2004:57 [ref. 27807] as freminvillei, Aguiar et al. 2004:1 [ref. 27571] as freminvillii, Ruocco et al. 2012:872 [ref. 32313] as freminvillii, Page et al. 2013:57 [ref. 32708], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:141 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:151 [ref. 34211], White & Naylor 2016:437 [ref. 34575] in Myliobatidae, White & Last 2016:718 [ref. 35016], Nión et al. 2016:23 [ref. 35565] as freminvillii, Ehemann et al. 2019:[7] [ref. 36861], Jones et al. 2020:300 [ref. 37610] as freminvillii, Carvalho-Filho 2023:323 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:103 [ref. 41622], Gadig et al. 2024:80 [ref. 40775]). Current status: Valid as Myliobatis freminvillei Lesueur 1824. Myliobatidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to northern Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: brackish, marine.