fullonica, Raja Linnaeus [C.] 1758:231 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] European seas [original: "in M. Europeo"]; localities include England, Northeastern Atlantic; southern France, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Lectotype or neotype fixation needed. Originally based on multiple species and at least 14 pre-Linnaean sources including Artedi 1738:72 [ref. 30578] and Artedi 1738:101 [ref. 30349] as Raja toto dorso aculeato; Rondelet 1554:356 [ref. 30354] as Raia fullonica, Gesner 1558:938 [ref. 30350] as Raia fvllonica, Jonston 1649:Pl. 11 (fig. 4) [ref. 30579] as Raia fullonica, Charleton 1668:130 [ref. 30580] as Raia fullonica, Willughby 1686:78 [ref. 30164] and Ray 1713:26 [ref. 30231] as Raia aspera nostras, an fullonica. Spelled fullonia by Bloch & Schneider 1801:367 [ref. 471]. Name spelled Raya fallonica by Berthelot 1840:115 [ref. 30346]. •Valid as Raja fullonica Linnaeus 1758 -- (Stehmann 1973:64 [ref. 7168], Stehmann & Bürkel in Whitehead et al. 1984:179 [ref. 13675], Stehmann 1990:35 [ref. 19316], Stehmann 1995:108 [ref. 22055], Santos et al. 1997:14 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:22 [ref. 24952]). •Valid as Leucoraja fullonica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:286 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:491 [ref. 25589], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:22 [ref. 26753], Fricke et al. 2007:18 [ref. 29533], Last et al. 2008:145 [ref. 29653], George 2009:57 [ref. 30539], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:13 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:36 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:70 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:112 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:18 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:283 [ref. 35000], Biscoito et al. 2018:477 [ref. 37562], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:142 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:44 [ref. 37250], Saad & Alkusairy 2019:304 [ref. 36710], Kovačić et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37519], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Giovos et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38895], Kovačić et al. 2021:15 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:14 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:49 [ref. 39527], Balàka et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40410], Shakman et al. 2023:464 [ref. 40810], Artüz & Fricke 2024:537 [ref. 41509], Weigmann et al. 2024:37 [ref. 41180]). Current status: Valid as Leucoraja fullonica (Linnaeus 1758). Rajidae. Distribution: Arctic Ocean; White Sea; western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Murmansk (Russia) south to northern Morocco, including Iceland, Faroe Islands, and Madeira. Habitat: marine.
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