australis, Gymnotus carapo Craig [J. M.], Crampton [W. G. R.] & Albert [J. S.] 2017:427, Fig. 3A [Zootaxa 4318 (no. 3); ref. 35568] Arroyo Verde, Río Iguazú basin, Misiones province, Argentina, 25°40'15"S, 53°56'00.8"W. Holotype: MLP 11221. Paratypes: MCP, MLP. Plus additional non-type material. •Synonym of Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus 1758 -- (Koerber et al. 2017:8 [ref. 35632], Craig et al. 2018:52 [ref. 35800]). •Synonym of Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies australis -- (Dickens 2019:168 [ref. 37135], Mirande & Koerber 2020:2 [ref. 37594]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus 1758. Gymnotidae: Gymnotinae. Distribution: South America: La Plata, Uruguay and Jacuí basins (Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil) (if treated as a valid subspecies). Habitat: freshwater.