vorax, Aspius Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1081 [91] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Tigris River near Mosul, Iraq. Syntypes: NMW 16527 (1, dry), 76776 (1). Illustrated by Heckel 1843, Pl. 10 (fig. 3) [ref. 2067]. On p. 91 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Questionably a synonym of Aspius aspius (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1991:14 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:11 [ref. 23608]). •Valid as Aspius vorax Heckel 1843 -- (Lelek 1987:150 [ref. 22962], Bogutskaya 1997:168 [ref. 23566], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Fricke et al. 2007:32 [ref. 29533], Coad 2010:99 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391]). •Valid as Leuciscus vorax (Heckel 1843) -- (Perea et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31802], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:874 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:31 [ref. 36089], Bayçelebi 2020:756 [ref. 37964], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:142 [ref. 37983], Bayhan 2021:246 [ref. 40683], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1406 [ref. 39565], Çiçek et al. 2023:21 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:400 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:29 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:234 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Leuciscus vorax (Heckel 1843). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Orontes, Euphrates and Tigris River basins (Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.