Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Somniosidae: [ 38 ] records

albicauda, Scymnodalatias Taniuchi [T.] & Garrick [J. A. F.] 1986:120, Figs. 1-2 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 33 (no. 2); ref. 5721] South Indian Ocean, 45°S, 92°E, depth 150-200 meters. Holotype: FUMT-P 197. Paratypes: NMNZ 9511 (1). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:6 [ref. 18942]. •Valid as Scymnodalatias albicauda Taniuchi & Garrick 1986 -- (Kukuev & Konovalenko 1988:319 [ref. 9290], Paulin et al. 1989:15 [ref. 24556], Last & Stevens 1994:88 [ref. 23873], Nakaya & Nakano 1995:325 [ref. 22835], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Hoese & Gates 2006:147 [ref. 28997], Kukuev 2006:813 [ref. 31008], Stewart & Last 2015:156 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211], Ebert et al. 2021:32 [ref. 38234] with wuestion). Current status: Valid as Scymnodalatias albicauda Taniuchi & Garrick 1986. Somniosidae. Distribution: Southern Atlantic; southeastern Indian Ocean: South Africa; southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

antarcticus, Somniosus Whitley [G. P.] 1939:242 [Australian Zoologist v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4695] Macquarie Island, south of Tasmania. Holotype (unique): tooth and skin samples (whereabouts unknown). Species described from a drawing in Waite 1916:51, Fig. 10. [ref. 4568]. •Questionably a synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Compagno 1984:103, 105 [ref. 6474], Compagno 1990:84 [ref. 21678]). •Synonym of Somniosus pacificus Bigelow & Schroeder 1944 -- (Last & Stevens 1994:90 [ref. 23873]). •Valid as Somniosus antarcticus Whitley 1939 -- (Yano et al. 2004:369, 370 [ref. 28078], Duhamel et al. 2005:62 [ref. 32059], Hoese & Gates 2006:147 [ref. 28997], Benz et al. 2007:346 [ref. 29289], Stewart & Last 2015:159 [ref. 34225], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:64 [ref. 34211], Fricke et al. 2018:20 [ref. 35805], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:110 [ref. 37302], Hsu et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37776], Ebert et al. 2021:32 [ref. 38234], Kemper & Ebert 2022:440 [ref. 39661], Carvalho-Filho 2023:294 [ref. 40480], Leeney 2024:33 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Somniosus antarcticus Whitley 1939. Somniosidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

bauchotae, Somniosus Quéro [J.-C.] 1976:456, Fig. 1 [Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes v. 39 (no. 4); ref. 7460] Bay of Biscay, 46°50'N, 5°10' to 5°15'W, depth 220 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1976-0012. •Tentatively a synonym of Somniosus rostratus (Risso 1827) -- (Compagno 1984:106 [ref. 6474]). •Synonym of Somniosus rostratus (Risso 1827) -- (Yano et al. 2004:369 [ref. 28078], Castro 2011:135 [ref. 31457] dated 1975 and rostratus as Risso 1826, Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:65 [ref. 34211], Compagno 2016:1198 [ref. 34544]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus rostratus (Risso 1827). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

borealis, Squalus Scoresby [W.] 1820:538, Pl. 15 (figs. 3-5) [An account of the Arctic regions v. 1; ref. 18713] Spitsbergen (Svalbard) Sea. Not mentioned in Yano et al. 2004 [ref. 28078]. •Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:47 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Castro 2011:124 [ref. 31457], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

brevipinna, Somniosus Lesueur [C. A.] 1818:222, Pl. 8 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2735] Off Marblehead, Massachusetts, U.S.A. No types known. Not mentioned in Yano et al. 2004 [ref. 28078]. •Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:47 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Castro 2011:124 [ref. 31457], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

cheni, Somniosus (Rhinoscymnus) Hsu [H.-H.], Lin [C.-Y.] & Joung [S.-J.] 2020:2, Figs. 2-8 [Zoological Studies v. 59: 48; ref. 37776] Off Hualien (landed at Cheng-Kung fish market), eastern Taiwan, northwestern Pacific, about 23°50'N, 121°50'E. Holotype: EBFS FSX001. Paratypes: NMMBP 33387 (4). •Valid as Somniosus cheni Hsu, Lin & Joung 2020. Current status: Valid as Somniosus cheni Hsu, Lin & Joung 2020. Somniosidae. Distribution: Eastern Taiwan, northwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

coelolepis, Centroscymnus Barbosa du Bocage [J. V.] & de Brito Capello [F.] 1864:263, Fig. 4 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 2); ref. 479] [Nossos mares] Portugal, Northeastern Atlantic. Holotype: MB T.113 (destroyed by fire in 1978). Authorship sometimes seen as Bocage & Capello. •Valid as Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:40 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:134 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:55 [ref. 6474], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Robins & Ray 1986:32 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:32 [ref. 25518], Gubanov & Timokhin 1989:225 [ref. 36138], Paulin et al. 1989:15 [ref. 24556], Paxton et al. 1989:32 [ref. 12442], Shcherbachev et al. 1989:164, 165 [ref. 36134], McAllister 1990:33 [ref. 14674], Springer 1990:15 [ref. 19315], Compagno et al. 1991:56 [ref. 21083], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:80 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:95 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:62 [ref. 23873], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:v [ref. 21953], Santos et al. 1997:11 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:20 [ref. 24952], Saldanha & Biscoito 1997:193 [ref. 24962], Compagno & Niem 1998:1221 [ref. 23787], Uiblein et al. 1999:59 [ref. 24045], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:148 [ref. 25086], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:580 [ref. 25122], Burgess in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:50 [ref. 26158], Nakabo 2002:148 [ref. 26001], Compagno 2003:406 [ref. 26984], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:169 [ref. 27076], Baranes 2003:39 [ref. 27888], Kiraly et al. 2003:6 [ref. 28226], Nelson et al. 2004:50 [ref. 27807], Shinohara et al. 2005:395 [ref. 28370], Duhamel et al. 2005:66 [ref. 32059], Hoese & Gates 2006:141 [ref. 28997], White 2008:92 [ref. 30617], George 2009:55 [ref. 30539], Møller et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31169], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Castro 2011:117 [ref. 31457], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708], White et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33542], Weigmann et al. 2015:[12] [ref. 34060], Stewart & Last 2015:151 [ref. 34225], Afonso et al. 2016:11, 120 [ref. 36199], Bañón et al. 2016:299 [ref. 34397], Compagno 2016:1189 [ref. 34544], Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211] first author as Barboza du Bocage, Biscoito et al. 2018:473 [ref. 37562], Ehemann et al. 2018:23 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:20 [ref. 35805], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:27 [reg. 36370], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:107 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:32 [ref. 37250], Mas et al. 2020:3 [ref. 37276], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Ebert et al. 2021:31 [ref. 38234], Kovačić et al. 2021:12 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:6 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:35 [ref. 39527], Kemper & Ebert 2022:437 [ref. 39661], Fermon et al. 2022:98 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:294 [ref. 40480], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40663], Page et al. 2023:41 [ref. 40505], Vaz et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40558], Leeney 2024:30 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Somniosidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in all seas (including Arctic Ocean, western Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine.

crepidater, Centrophorus Barbosa du Bocage [J. V.] & de Brito Capello [F.] 1864:262, Fig. 3 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 2); ref. 479] [Nossos mares] Portugal, Northeastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MB T.112(49) (destroyed in fire in 1978). Denticles from holotype in MCZ 89511. •Valid as Centroscymnus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:41 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:135 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:56 [ref. 6474], Bass et al. 1986:52 [ref. 5636], Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:225 [ref. 36138], Paulin et al. 1989:14 [ref. 24556], Paxton et al. 1989:32 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Shcherbachev et al. 1989:164 [ref. 36134], Springer 1990:15 [ref. 19315], Yano in Amaoka et al. 1990:67 [ref. 16024], Compagno et al. 1991:58 [ref. 21083], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:80 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:96 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:64 [ref. 23873], Santos et al. 1997:11 [ref. 23531], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:58 [ref. 24555], Fricke 1999:25 [ref. 24106], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Hutchins 2001:14 [ref. 25847], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Hoese & Gates 2006:142 [ref. 28997], White 2008:92 [ref. 30617], Fricke et al. 2009:10 [ref. 30213], George 2009:56 [ref. 30539]). •Valid as Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864) -- (White et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33542], Weigmann et al. 2015:[12] [ref. 34060], Stewart & Last 2015:154 [ref. 34225], Weigmann et al. 2015:651 [ref. 34841], Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211] first author as Barboza du Bocage, Bañón et al. 2016:299 [ref. 34397], Compagno 2016:1196 [ref. 34544], Biscoito et al. 2018:474 [ref. 37562], Fricke et al. 2018:20 [ref. 35805], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:107 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:33 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:21 [ref. 38139], Ebert et al. 2021:31 [ref. 38234], Bañón & Mano 2022:6 [ref. 40121], Kemper & Ebert 2022:438 [ref. 39661], Fermon et al. 2022:99 [ref. 39448], Leeney 2024:32 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864). Somniosidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate seas. Habitat: marine.

cryptacanthus, Centroscymnus Regan [C. T.] 1906:437 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 18 (no. 108) (art. 70); ref. 15711] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1865.5.20.14. •Valid as Centroscymnus cryptacanthus Regan 1906 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:41 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:136 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:57 [ref. 6474], Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Springer 1990:16 [ref. 19315], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:v [ref. 21953], Santos et al. 1997:12 [ref. 23531], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:111 [ref. 23897], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Soto 2001:27 [ref. 26635], Soto 2001:66, 92 [ref. 26637], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27192], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565]). •Synonym of Centroscymnus owstonii Garman 1906 -- (Compagno 2003:406 [ref. 26984], Kiraly et al. 2003:7 [ref. 28226], Hoese & Gates 2006:142 [ref. 28997], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:62 [ref. 34398] as owstoni, Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211], Compagno 2016:1195 [ref. 34544], Biscoito et al. 2018:474 [ref. 37562], Kemper & Ebert 2022:438 [ref. 39661]). Current status: Synonym of Centroscymnus owstonii Garman 1906. Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

echinatum, Leiodon Wood [W.] 1846:174 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 2 (1845-1848); ref. 4760] About 80 miles east of Portland, Maine, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown (stuffed). Not mentioned in Yano et al. 2004 [ref. 28078]. •Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

furvescens, Centroscymnus de Buen [F.] 1960:20, Fig. 7 [Revista de Biologia Marina, Valparaiso v. 10 (nos 1-3); ref. 11965] Off Valparaíso, Chile. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Centroscymnus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864) -- (Compagno 1984:56 [ref. 6474]). •Synonym of Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864). Current status: Synonym of Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

garricki, Scymnodalatias Kukuev [E. I.] & Konovalenko [I. I.] 1988:315 [122], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 28 (no. 2); ref. 9290] North Atlantic Ridge, 40°22'N, 30°10'W, depth 300 meters. Holotype (unique): ZIN 48190. On p. 122 of English translation. •Valid as Scymnodalatias garricki Kukuev & Konovalenko 1988 -- (Nakaya & Nakano 1995:325 [ref. 22835], Santos et al. 1997:13 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:21 [ref. 24952], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Kukuev 2006:811 [ref. 31008], Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:108 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:33 [ref. 37250]). Current status: Valid as Scymnodalatias garricki Kukuev & Konovalenko 1988. Somniosidae. Distribution: Atlantic: North Atlantic Ridge. Habitat: marine.

glacialis, Scymnus Faber [F.] 1829:23 [Naturgeschichte der Fische Islands; ref. 13329] Iceland. Not mentioned in Yano et al. 2004 [ref. 28078]. •Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

gunneri, Scymnus Thienemann [F. A. L.] 1828:409 [Lehrbuch der Zoologie v. 3; ref. 4990] No types known. Not mentioned in Yano et al. 2004 [ref. 28078]. •Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

ichiharai, Scymnodon Yano [K.] & Tanaka [S.] 1984:343, Figs. 2, 3a, 4-6 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 30 (no. 4); ref. 8193] Suruga Bay off Okitsu, 35°02.9'N, 138°34.6'E, Japan, depth 580 meters. Holotype: NSMT-P 21723. Paratypes: BMNH 1983.11.8.1 (1); FUMT-P 3849-50 (1, 1); MSM 80-273 (1), 80-274 (1); NSMT-P 21724 (1); TMFE 76 (1), 78 (1), 169 (1), 288 (1), 1138 (1), 1275 (1), 1875 (1). •Valid as Zameus ichiharai (Yano & Tanaka 1984) -- (Ebert et al. 2013:296 [ref. 33045], Akhilesh et al. 2013:127 [ref. 33120]). •Valid as Scymnodon ichiharai Yano & Tanaka 1984 -- (Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:128 [ref. 5721], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:148 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:148 [ref. 26001], White et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33542], Weigmann 2016:64 [ref. 34211], Kumar et al. 2018:295 [ref. 36178]). Current status: Valid as Scymnodon ichiharai Yano & Tanaka 1984. Somniosidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Andaman Islands; Taiwan to Japan. Habitat: marine.

jonssonii, Centrophorus Saemundsson [B.] 1922:192, Pl. 5 (figs. 1-2) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn v. 74; ref. 18652] Iceland, North Atlantic. Syntypes: NHMR. •Synonym of Centroscymnus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:41 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:56 [ref. 6474] as jonsonii). •Synonym of Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864). Current status: Synonym of Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

longus, Heteroscymnus Tanaka [S.] 1912:102, Pl. 26 (figs. 102-107) [Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan v. 6; ref. 6033] Tokyo fish market, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT 3204 (lost). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:203 [ref. 39648]. •Tentatively a synonym of Somniosus rostratus (Risso 1827) -- (Compagno 1984:106 [ref. 6474]). •Synonym of Somniosus rostratus (Risso 1927) -- (Castro 2011:135 [ref. 31457]). •Valid as Somniosus longus (Tanaka 1912) -- (Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:11 [ref. 6441], Yano et al. 2004:369, 371 [ref. 28078], Shinohara et al. 2005:395 [ref. 28370], Stewart & Last 2015:160 [ref. 34225], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:64 [ref. 34211], Hsu et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37776] in subgenus Rhinoscymnus). Current status: Valid as Somniosus longus (Tanaka 1912). Somniosidae. Distribution: Japan and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

macracanthus, Centroscymnus Regan [C. T.] 1906:436 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 18 (no. 108) (art. 70); ref. 15711] Strait of Magellan. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1884.2.6.7. •Valid as Centroscymnus macracanthus Regan 1906 -- (Compagno 1984:58 [ref. 6474], Waller 1999:842 [ref. 23948], Soto 2001:27 [ref. 26635], Stewart & Last 2015:152 [ref. 34225] as ? macracanthus). •Valid as Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906) -- (Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:16 [ref. 24556], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], White et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33542], Weigmann 2016:64 [ref. 34211], Vaz 2021:[3] [ref. 38261], Kemper & Ebert 2022:439 [ref. 39661], Carvalho-Filho 2023:294 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906). Somniosidae. Distribution: Southern Hemisphere: Southwestern Atlantic; southern Indian Ocean; southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

macrops, Centroscymnus Hu [A.-S.] & Li [S.] in Chu, Meng, Hu & Li 1982:305 [English p. 310], Fig. 4 [Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 8492] South China Sea, 19°24'N, 114°15.4'E, depth 964 meters. Holotype (unique): SCSFRI O 0150. •Questionably a synonym of Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864 -- (Compagno 1984:55 [ref. 6474]). •Synonym of Centroscymnus macrops Barbosa de Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864 -- (White & Last 2013:232 [ref. 33042]). Current status: Synonym of Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

melas, Scymnodon Bigelow [H. B.], Schroeder [W. C.] & Springer [S.] 1953:233, Fig. 5 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 109 (no. 3); ref. 12682] Off Georges Bank, 40°00'N, 68°52'W, northwestern Atlantic, depth 420-480 fathoms. Holotype: MCZ 37452. Paratypes: MCZ (2). •Synonym of Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:41 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:134 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:55 [ref. 6474], Castro 2011:117 [ref. 31457]). Current status: Synonym of Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

microcephalus, Squalus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:135 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Arctic Ocean. No types known. Type catalog: Paepke & Schmidt 1988:161 [ref. 21041]. •Valid as Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Regan 1916:378 [ref. 40111], Krefft & Tortonese 1973:46 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:143 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Bass et al. 1986:60 [ref. 5636], Robins & Ray 1986:33 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:33 [ref. 25518], Paulin et al. 1989:15 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:33 [ref. 14674], Compagno 1990:84 [ref. 21678], Miller 1993:473 [ref. 21297], Yano in Okamura et al. 1995:52 [ref. 22531], Díaz de Astarloa et al. 1999:303 [ref. 24050], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Burgess in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:52 [ref. 26158], Moore et al. 2003:169 [ref. 27076], Kiraly et al. 2003:7 [ref. 28226], Nelson et al. 2004:50 [ref. 27807], Yano et al. 2004:369 [ref. 28078], Benz et al. 2007:346 [ref. 29289], Fricke 2007:26 [ref. 30577], George 2009:56 [ref. 30539], Møller et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31169], Castro 2011:124 [ref. 31457], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708], Dolgov 2013:915 [ref. 33112], Parin et al. 2014:27 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Afonso et al. 2016:11, 280 [ref. 36199], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:140 [ref. 34398], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:16 [ref. 34440], Weigmann 2016:65 [ref. 34211], Biscoito et al. 2018:474 [ref. 37562], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:29 [ref. 36370], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:109 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:34 [ref. 37250], Hsu et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37776], Bañón & Mano 2022:6 [ref. 40121], Dyldin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39193], Simian et al. 2022:373 [ref. 40776], Page et al. 2023:41 [ref. 40505], Orlov & Orlova 2024:[3] [ref. 40758]). Current status: Valid as Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Distribution: Arctic Ocean; western Baltic Sea; North Sea; northwestern Atlantic; northeastern Atlantic: British Isles south to Canary Islands. Habitat: marine.

micropterus, Scymnus Valenciennes [A.] 1832:458, 465, Pl. 20 [Nouvelles Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) v. 1; ref. 17864] Arctic Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9857 (1, dry) Seine estuary, A-9876 (1, jaw) Cap Nord. Type catalog: Bertin 1939:76-77 [ref. 20739] with MNHN 9857 as holotype. Not mentioned in Yano et al. 2004 [ref. 28078]. •Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:47 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

niger, Scymnodon Chu [Y.-T.] & Meng [Q.-W.] in Chu, Meng, Hu & Li 1982:303 [English p. 310], Fig. 3 [Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 8492] South China Sea, 19°27.6'N, 114°19.3'E, depth 964 meters. Holotype: SCSFRI S 07561. Paratypes: Shanghai Fish. Inst. D 0660 (1), N 0296 (1), S 03030 (1). •Questionably a synonym of Scymnodon squamulosus (Günther 1877) -- (Compagno 1984:101 [ref. 6474]). •Synonym of Zameus squamulosus (Günther 1877) -- (White & Last 2013:235 [ref. 33042] dating to Bonnaterre 1788, Akhilesh et al. 2013:127 [ref. 33120], Weigmann 2016:65 [ref. 34211], Kemper & Ebert 2022:441 [ref. 39661]). Current status: Synonym of Zameus squamulosus (Günther 1877). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

norvegianus, Squalus Blainville [H. de] 1825:61 [Faune Française; ou histoire naturelle Livr. 13 & 14; ref. 4991] Norway, northeastern Atlantic. No types known. Appeared first as Squalus (Acanthorhinus) norwegianus, name only in Blainville 1816:121 [ref. 306]. Not mentioned in Yano et al. 2004 [ref. 28078]. •Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:47 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:103 [ref. 6474], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

obscurus, Centroscymnus Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:67, Pl. 2 (figs. 2, 2a-2e) [Expéditions scientifiques du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman"; ref. 4496] Off Sudan, Red Sea, depth 1400-1435 meters. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1884-0388. Partial type: MCZ 89836 (skin section from holotype) Type catalog: Bertin 1939:75 [ref. 20739]. •Valid as Centroscymnus obscurus Vaillant 1888 -- (Bass et al. 1986:53 [ref. 5636]). •Valid as Scymnodon obscurus (Vaillant 1888) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:45 [ref. 7165], Nakaya in Okamura et al. 1982:47, 311 [ref. 8256], Uyeno & Sasaki in Uyeno et al. 1983:66 [ref. 14275], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:142 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:98 [ref. 6474], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:11 [ref. 6441], Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:225 [ref. 36138], Springer 1990:16 [ref. 19315], Cervigón 1992:189 [ref. 23827], Wetherbee & Crow 1996:334 [ref. 22434]). •Synonym of Scymnodon squamulosus (Günther 1877) -- (McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:122 [ref. 23897], Kiraly et al. 2003:7 [ref. 28226], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:100 [ref. 27705]). •Synonym of Zameus squamulosus (Günther 1877) -- (Compagno 2003:407 [ref. 26984], Castro 2011:122 [ref. 31457], Akhilesh et al. 2013:127 [ref. 33120], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:63 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:65 [ref. 34211], Compagno 2016:1199 [ref. 34544], Biscoito et al. 2018:475 [ref. 37562], Ebert et al. 2021:33 [ref. 38234], Kemper & Ebert 2022:441 [ref. 39661]). Current status: Synonym of Zameus squamulosus (Günther 1877). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

oligodon, Scymnodalatias Kukuev [E. I.] & Konovalenko [I. I.] 1988:317 [125], Fig. 2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 28 (no. 2); ref. 9290] Southeastern Pacific, 33°31'S, 96°07'W, depth 0-200 meters. Holotype (unique): ZIN 48191. On p. 125 of English translation. •Valid as Scymnodalatias oligodon Kukuev & Konovalenko 1988 -- (Nakaya & Nakano 1995:325 [ref. 22835], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Kukuev 2006:814 [ref. 31008], Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Valid as Scymnodalatias oligodon Kukuev & Konovalenko 1988. Somniosidae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

owstonii, Centroscymnus Garman [S.] 1906:207 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 46 (no. 11); ref. 1542] Sagami Bay, Japan. Holotype (unique): MCZ 1037-S [ex Owston #7693]. Type catalog: Hartel & Dingerkus 1997:xli [ref. 23119]. •Synonym of Centroscymnus cryptacanthus Regan 1906 -- (Soto 2001:27 [ref. 26635]). •Valid as Centroscymnus owstonii Garman 1906 [sometimes as owstoni] -- (Compagno 1984:59 [ref. 6474], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441] as owstoni, Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Paxton et al. 1989:32 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125] as owstoni, Paulin et al. 1989:15 [ref. 24556] as owstoni, Yano in Amaoka et al. 1990:68 [ref. 16024], Gomon et al. 1994:93 [ref. 22532] as owstoni, Last & Stevens 1994:65 [ref. 23873] as owstoni, Cervigón & Alcalá 1999:00 [ref. 24490] as owstoni, Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:148 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:14 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:289 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:148 [ref. 26001], Compagno 2003:406 [ref. 26984], Kiraly et al. 2003:7 [ref. 28226], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:96 [ref. 27705] as owstoni, Shinohara et al. 2005:395 [ref. 28370] as owstoni, White 2008:93 [ref. 30617] as owstoni, Castro 2011:120 [ref. 31457] as owstoni, White et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33542], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:106 [ref. 36167] as owstoni, Stewart & Last 2015:153 [ref. 34225], Weigmann et al. 2015:[1] [ref. 34060], Compagno 2016:1195 [ref. 34544], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:62 [ref. 34398] as owstoni, Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211], Biscoito et al. 2018:474 [ref. 37562], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:20 [ref. 35805], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:108 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:32 [ref. 37250], Ehemann et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36861], Fernando et al. 2019:233 [ref. 36642], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:244 [ref. 37881], Ebert et al. 2021:31 [ref. 38234], Blanco-Parra & Niño-Torres 2022:Correction, p. 2 [ref. 38986] as owstoni, Kemper & Ebert 2022:438 [ref. 39661], Fermon et al. 2022:99 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:294 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:41 [ref. 40505], Leeney 2024:31 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Centroscymnus owstonii Garman 1906. Somniosidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Caribbean Sea). Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Somniosus Bigelow [H. B.] & Schroeder [W. C.] 1944:35 [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 23; ref. 13163] Sagami Sea, Japan. Holotype (unique): MCZ 1103-S (piece of skin and part of jaw). Holotype is specimen figured as brevipinna in Garman 1913:Pl. 15 [ref. 1545]. See also Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125]. •Valid as Somniosus pacificus Bigelow & Schroeder 1944 -- (Anderson et al. 1979:259 [ref. 16035], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:22 [ref. 9277], Compagno 1984:105 [ref. 6474], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:11 [ref. 6441], Ebert et al. 1987:117 [ref. 20815], Castro-Aguirre & Garcia-Dominguez 1988:104 [ref. 19199], Paulin et al. 1989:15 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:33 [ref. 14674], Last & Stevens 1994:89 [ref. 23873], Compagno et al. in Fischer et al. 1995:727 [ref. 22829], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:v [ref. 21953], Compagno & Niem 1998:1222 [ref. 23787], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:61 [ref. 24555], Díaz de Astarloa et al. 1999:303 [ref. 24050], Orlov 1999:558 [ref. 24876], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:147 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Shinohara et al. 2001:289 [ref. 25995], Soto 2001:66, 93 [ref. 26637], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:86 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:147 [ref. 26001], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27192], Fedorov et al. 2003:13 [ref. 27579], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:101 [ref. 27705], Nelson et al. 2004:50 [ref. 27807], Glubokov 2004:357 [ref. 27884], Yano et al. 2004:369 [ref. 28078] but not including antarcticus, Love et al. 2005:3 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:101 [ref. 28379], Benz et al. 2007:346 [ref. 29289], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Castro 2011:131 [ref. 31457], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708], Ebert et al. 2013:296 [ref. 33045], Shinohara et al. 2014:233 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:27 [ref. 33547], Orlov & Baitalyuk 2014:533 [ref. 33577], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Kang et al. 2015:46 [ref. 39477], Mecklenburg & Steinke 2015:163 [ref. 34033], Pietsch & Orr 2015:16 [ref. 34694], Afonso et al. 2016:11, 281 [ref. 36199], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:63 [ref. 34398], Kells et al. 2016:76 [ref. 35888], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:15 [ref. 34440], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Weigmann 2016:65 [ref. 34211], Ebert et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:165 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:31 [ref. 36370], Burton & Lea 2019:30 [ref. 37205], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:244 [ref. 37881], Hsu et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37776], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:56 [ref. 38158], Love et al. 2021:21 [ref. 39279], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40663], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Somniosus pacificus Bigelow & Schroeder 1944. Somniosidae. Distribution: North Pacific, Arctic Ocean: Korea and Japan north to Bering Sea, then south to off Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico); also reported from Chukchi Sea and possibly East Siberian and Beaufort seas; eastern Pacific: Baja California (Mexico); Ecuador. Habitat: marine.

paessleri, Etmopterus Lönnberg [E.] 1907:5, Pl. (fig. 1) [Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise; ref. 15156] Island Harbor, Smyth Channel, Strait of Magellan. No types known. •Synonym of Centroscymnus macracanthus Regan 1906 -- (Compagno 1984:58 [ref. 6474]). •Synonym of Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906). Current status: Synonym of Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

pertussus, Labrus Cabrera y Corro [A.], Pérez [L.] & Hänseler [F.] in Machado 1857:24 [Catálogo de los peces que habitán ó frecuentan las costas de Cadiz y Huelva con inclusion de los del Rio Guadalquivir.; ref. 17320] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Name only; not available. Based on Labrus pertusus abrera, Pérez & Hänseler 1817 [ref. 17319], possibly an unpublished work. Also appeared as name only, as Labrus pertusus in Graells 1887:180 [ref. 30438] with discussion on authorship. •In the synonymy of Symnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Somniosidae.

pertusus, Labrus Cabrera y Corro [A.], Pérez [L.] & Hänseler [F.] 1817:6 [Lista de los peces del mar de Andalucía; ref. 17319] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Name only, not available. Possibly appeared in an unpublished work. See also Labrus pertussus Cabrera y Corro, Pérez & Hänseler in Machado 1857. Also appeared as name only, as Labrus pertusus in Graells 1887:180 [ref. 30438] with discussion on authorship. •In the synonymy of Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Somniosidae.

plunketi, Centrophorus Waite [E. R.] 1910:384, Pl. 37 [Transactions of the New Zealand Institute v. 42 (art. 48) (for 1909); ref. 4566] Off Kaikoura, New Zealand, depth 220 meters. Holotype (unique): CMNZ (missing). •Valid as Centroscymnus plunketi (Waite 1910) -- (Compagno 1984:60 [ref. 6474], Paxton et al. 1989:33 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:98 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:66 [ref. 23873], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Hoese & Gates 2006:142 [ref. 28997], White 2008:93 [ref. 30617]). •Valid as Proscymnodon plunketi (Waite 1910) -- (Naylor et al. 2012:62 [ref. 32267], Stewart & Last 2015:155 [ref. 34225]). •Valid as Scymnodon plunketi (Waite 1910) -- (Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Paulin et al. 1989:14 [ref. 24556], Yano in Amaoka et al. 1990:75 [ref. 16024], White et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33542]). •Probably a junior synonym of Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906) -- (Weigmann 2016:64 [ref. 34211]). •Synonym of Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906) -- (Vaz 2021:[3] [ref. 38261]). Current status: Synonym of Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906). Somniosidae. Distribution: Southern Hemisphere, Indian Ocean and southwestern Pacific [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

ringens, Scymnodon Barbosa du Bocage [J. V.] & de Brito Capello [F.] 1864:263, Fig. 5 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 2); ref. 479] [Nossos mares] Portugal, eastern Atlantic. Syntypes: ?BMNH 1867.7.23.3 (1). •Valid as Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:44 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:142 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:99 [ref. 6474], Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Paulin et al. 1989:14 [ref. 24556], Springer 1990:16 [ref. 19315], Wetherbee & Crow 1996:335 [ref. 22434], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], George 2009:56 [ref. 30539], White et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33542], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:106 [ref. 36167], Stewart & Last 2015:158 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:64 [ref. 34211] first author as Barboza du Bocage, Bañón et al. 2016:299 [ref. 34397], Compagno 2016:1197 [ref. 34544], Biscoito et al. 2018:474 [ref. 37562], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:106 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:33 [ref. 37250], Bañón & Mano 2022:6 [ref. 40121]). Current status: Valid as Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864. Somniosidae. Distribution: North Sea; northeastern Atlantic: British Isles south to Senegal, including Madeira (Portugal); southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

rossi, Centrophorus Alcock [A. W.] 1898:143 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 2 (no. 8) (art. 22); ref. 92] Off Travancore coast, India, 7°17'15"N, 76°54'30"E, Investigator station 232, depth 430 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZSI F225/1. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:96 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:32 [ref. 22148]. Figured in Alcock 1899: Pl. 26 (figs. 3-3c) [ref. 20535]. •Synonym of Centroscymnus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864) -- (Compagno 1984:56 [ref. 6474]). •Synonym of Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864). Current status: Synonym of Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & de Brito Capello 1864). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.

rostratus, Scymnus Risso [A.] 1827:138, Pl. 3 (fig. 7) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Valid as Somniosus rostratus (Risso 1827) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:47 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:144 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:106 [ref. 6474], Paulin et al. 1989:15 [ref. 24556], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:147 [ref. 25086], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:173 [ref. 26753] dated to 1826, Nakabo 2002:147 [ref. 26001], Yano et al. 2004:369 [ref. 28078], Golani 2005:11 [ref. 37112], Castro 2011:135 [ref. 31457], Goren & Galil 2015:519 [ref. 33910], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:65 [ref. 34211], Bañón et al. 2016:299 [ref. 34397], Compagno 2016:1198 [ref. 34544], Biscoito et al. 2018:475 [ref. 37562], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:108 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:34 [ref. 37250], Capapé et al. 2020:476 [ref. 37994], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Hsu et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37776] in subgenus Rhinoscymnus, Bañón & Mano 2022:6 [ref. 40121], Golani 2021:8 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:13 [ref. 39014], Barone et al. 2022:35 [ref. 39527], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40663]). Current status: Valid as Somniosus rostratus (Risso 1827). Somniosidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: France south to Western Sahara. Habitat: marine.

sherwoodi, Scymnodon Archey [G.] 1921:195, Pl. 39; Figs. 1-2 [Transactions of the New Zealand Institute v. 53; ref. 15307] New Brighton, New Zealand. Holotype (unique): CMC 438 (missing, cast present). Additional: NMNZ P.10651 [ex CMC 438] (slides, skin). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:6 [ref. 18942], Freeman & Tunnicliffe 1997:5 [ref. 22860]. •Valid as Scymnodalatias sherwoodi (Archey 1921) -- (Compagno 1984:97 [ref. 6474], Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:124 [ref. 5721], Kukuev & Konovalenko 1988:319 [ref. 9290], Paulin et al. 1989:15 [ref. 24556], Nakaya & Nakano 1995:325 [ref. 22835], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Kukuev 2006:813 [ref. 31008], Stewart & Last 2015:157 [ref. 34225], Weigmann 2016:63 [ref. 34211]). Current status: Valid as Scymnodalatias sherwoodi (Archey 1921). Somniosidae. Distribution: South Australia to New Zealand EEZ. Habitat: marine.

squamulosus, Centrophorus Günther [A.] 1877:433 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 20 (no. 119) (art. 56); ref. 2009] Off Inoshima, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, Inland Sea, Challenger station 232, depth 345 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1880.5.1.1. Also described as new in Günther 1887:5, Pl. 2 (fig. B) [ref. 2013]. •Valid as Centroscymnus squamulosus (Günther 1877) -- (Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:v [ref. 21953]). •Valid as Scymnodon squamulosus (Günther 1877) -- (Shirai in Amaoka et al. 1983:51, 166 [ref. 8379], Compagno 1984:101 [ref. 6474], Nakaya in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:57, 303 [ref. 8057], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:225 [ref. 36138] as squamosus, Paxton et al. 1989:36 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Shcherbachev et al. 1989:164 [ref. 36134], Compagno et al. 1991:66 [ref. 21083], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:83 [ref. 25472], Wetherbee & Crow 1996:335 [ref. 22434], Compagno & Niem 1998:1228 [ref. 23787], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:122 [ref. 23897], Compagno 1999:474 [ref. 25589], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:580 [ref. 25122], Soto 2001:66, 92 [ref. 26637], Kiraly et al. 2003:7 [ref. 28226], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:100 [ref. 27705]). •Valid as Zameus squamulosus (Günther 1877) -- (Taniuchi & Garrick 1986:119 [ref. 5721], Paulin et al. 1989:14 [ref. 24556], Meléndez C. 1991:89 [ref. 22099], Last & Stevens 1994:102 [ref. 23873], Nakabo 2000:148 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:289 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:148 [ref. 26001], Compagno 2003:407 [ref. 26984], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27192], Shinohara et al. 2005:395 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:102 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:148 [ref. 28997], White 2008:91 [ref. 30617], George 2009:56 [ref. 30539], Castro 2011:122 [ref. 31457], Ebert et al. 2013:297 [ref. 33045], Akhilesh et al. 2013:127 [ref. 33120], White et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33542], Stewart & Last 2015:161 [ref. 34225], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:63 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:65 [ref. 34211], Compagno 2016:1199 [ref. 34544], Ebert et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35618], Biscoito et al. 2018:475 [ref. 37562], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Golani & Fricke 2018:13 [ref. 36273], Kumar et al. 2018:295 [ref. 36178], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:106 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:34 [ref. 37250], Ehemann et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36861], Psomadakis et al. 2020:163 [ref. 37272], Ebert et al. 2021:33 [ref. 38234], Love et al. 2021:22 [ref. 39279], Kemper & Ebert 2022:441 [ref. 39661], Carvalho-Filho 2023:294 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505], Leeney 2024:34 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Zameus squamulosus (Günther 1877). Somniosidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in warm seas (including Caribbean Sea, Red Sea). Habitat: marine.

waitei, Centrophorus Thompson [E. F.] 1930:277, Pl. 44 [Records of the Canterbury Museum v. 3; ref. 16214] Off Kaikoura, New Zealand, deep water. Holotype (unique): CMC 179. Additional: NMNZ P.20517 [ex CMC 179] (slides). Type catalog: Hardy 1990:5 [ref. 18942], Freeman & Tunnicliffe 1997:5 [ref. 22860]. •Synonym of Centroscymnus plunketi (Waite 1910) -- (Compagno 1984:60 [ref. 6474], Paxton et al. 1989:33 [ref. 12442], Last & Stevens 1994:67 [ref. 23873], Hoese & Gates 2006:142 [ref. 28997], Stewart & Last 2015:155 [ref. 34225]). •Synonym of Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906) -- (Vaz 2021:[4] [ref. 38261]). Current status: Synonym of Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan 1906). Somniosidae. Habitat: marine.