Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Ariosoma: [ 67 ] records

acus, Atopichthys Garman [S.] 1899:332, Pl. 66 (figs. 5-5a) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Colombia, 4°56'N, 80°52'30"W, Albatross station 3381, depth 1772 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28425. •Synonym of Ariosoma gilberti (Ogilby 1898) -- (Raju 1985:3 [ref. 5287]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma gilberti (Ogilby 1898). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

acuta, Ophisoma Swainson [W.] 1839:396 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454], Zhang et al. 2010:193 [ref. 31511] with year as 1838). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

affinis, Leptocephalus Facciolà [L.] 1883:4, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Atti della Società Toscana di Scienze Naturali. Memorié v. 6 (pt 1); ref. 17476] Straits of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also in Facciolà 1883:147 [ref. 1289]; earliest not researched. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

albimaculata, Ariosoma Kodeeswaran [P.], Dash [D.], Kumar [T. T. A.] & Lal [K. K.] 2022:234 [2], Figs. 1-4, 6a, 7a-b [Ichthyological Research v. 70 (no. 2); ref. 39376] Off Kanyakumari [Colachel fishing harbour], Arabian Sea, southwest coast of India, Indian Ocean. Holotype: NBFGR CONAALB [ex OM275349]. Paratypes: NBFGR (9). Combined with a neuter genus, the adjective should be albimaculatum. •Valid as Ariosoma albimaculatum Kodeeswaran, Dash, Kumar & Lal 2022 -- (Kodeeswaran et al. 2024:127 [ref. 40791]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma albimaculatum Kodeeswaran, Dash, Kumar & Lal 2022. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea, southwest coast of India. Habitat: marine.

anago, Conger Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:259, Pl. 13 (fig. 2) [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 3682b. Paralectotypes: RMNH D2022 (1, dry), 3676a-c (3), 3682a (1), 3682c-d (2). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:187 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Anago anago (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:27 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:91, 317 [ref. 8057], Lee & Joo 1999:27 [ref. 25724], Shinohara et al. 2001:294 [ref. 25995], Choi et al. 2003:145, 493 [ref. 26218], Zhang et al. 2010:191 [ref. 31511]). •Valid as Ariosoma anago (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:139 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Krishnan & Mishra 1994:273 [ref. 24014], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:170 [ref. 27969], Shen [S.-C.] 1998:8 [ref. 23445], Johnson 1999:722 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:228 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:17 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:228 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S95 [ref. 27377], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:18 [ref. 27712], Shinohara et al. 2005:401 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:138 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:288 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2011:353 [ref. 31342], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130], Motomura et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35490], Karmovskaya 2018:405 [457] [ref. 36153], Smith et al. 2018:87 [ref. 36040], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 5 [ref. 38321], Kodeeswaran et al. 2021:10 [ref. 38318]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma anago (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Vietnam east to Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia; Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

anagoides, Conger Bleeker [P.] 1853:76 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 5); ref. 339] Banda Neira, Banda Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1867.11.28.299 (1), E. Indian Arch. Original as anagoïdes. Also appeared in Bleeker 1854:112 [ref. 16924]. •Valid as Ariosoma anagoides (Bleeker 1853) (often seen as 1854) -- (Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:27 [ref. 6441], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Shen 1998:9 [ref. 23445], Suzuki & Hosokawa 1994:2 [ref. 24339], Smith 1999:1686 [ref. 24661], Lee & Joo 1999:27 [ref. 25724], Smith in Randall & Lim 2000:586 [ref. 25122], Shinohara et al. 2001:294 [ref. 25995], Choi et al. 2003:145, 493 [ref. 26218], Mundy 2005:139 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:288 [ref. 28997], Zhang et al. 2010:193 [ref. 31511], Fricke et al. 2011:353 [ref. 31342], Allen & Erdmann 2012:112 [ref. 31980], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma anagoides (Bleeker 1853). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia and Philippines to Japan. Habitat: marine.

analis, Conger Poey [F.] 1860:318 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 9325. Type catalog: Faloh-Gandarilla et al. 2016:28 [ref. 35195]. •Valid as Ariosoma anale (Poey 1860) -- (Uyeno & Sasaki in Uyeno et al. 1983:109 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:57 [ref. 23100], Smith 1989:502 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:731 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:156 [ref. 13454], Cervigón 1991:00 [ref. 24472] as analis, Cervigón 1992:302 [ref. 23827], Aguilera 1998:46 [ref. 24221], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:149 [ref. 27754], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:36 [ref. 27192], Smith 2003:749 [ref. 26989], Nelson et al. 2004:64 [ref. 27807], Page et al. 2013:64 [ref. 32708], Smith 2016:1690 [ref. 34556], Faloh-Gandarilla et al. 2016:28 [ref. 35195], Reiner 2019:76 [ref. 38139], Carvalho-Filho 2023:55 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:56 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma anale (Poey 1860). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) south to northern Brazil and Fernendo de Noronha; eastern Atlantic: including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

auratus, Conger Costa [O. G.] 1844:Conger p. 6, Pl. 29 (figs. 1-2) [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

auratus, Echelus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:66, Pl. 16 (fig. 3) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:42 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Parenti 2019:110 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Ophichthidae: Ophichthinae. Habitat: marine.

balearica, Muraena Delaroche [F. E.] 1809:327 [41], Pl. 20 (fig. 3) [Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 13; ref. 17380] [Iviça] Ibiza Island, Balearic Islands, Spain, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-8434. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1993:115 [ref. 20810]. On p. 41 and Pl. 1 of separate. •Valid as Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Dor 1984:32 [ref. 29757], Bauchot & Saldanha in Whitehead et al. 1986:568 [ref. 13676], Robins & Ray 1986:57 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:82 [ref. 25518], Smith 1989:495, 726 [ref. 13285], McAllister 1990:49 [ref. 14674], Smith 1990:156 [ref. 13454], Cervigón 1991:66 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:37 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:302 [ref. 23827], Goren & Dor 1994:8 [ref. 25356], Santos et al. 1997:22 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:57 [ref. 24952], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:294 [ref. 23897], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:141 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:149 [ref. 27754], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26753], Collette et al. 2003:99 [ref. 26784], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:36 [ref. 27192], Smith 2003:749 [ref. 26989], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S95 [ref. 27377], Nelson et al. 2004:64 [ref. 27807], Golani 2005:17 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:24 [ref. 29533], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:59 [ref. 35264], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:19 [ref. 36649], Bañón et al. 2011:262 [ref. 31676], Page et al. 2013:64 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:25 [ref. 33341], Smith 2016:1686 [ref. 34556], Nión et al. 2016:25 [ref. 35565], Artüz & Fricke 2019:553 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:65 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:76 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:31 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:10 [ref. 37519], Robertson et al. 2020:153 [ref. 38098], Golani 2021:16 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:19 [ref. 39014], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:122 [ref. 38945], Ergüden et al. 2022:16 [ref. 39164], Fermon et al. 2022:120 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:55 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:56 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Uruguay, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Angola, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

bauchotae, Ariosoma Karrer [C.] 1983:11, Figs. 2 A-B [Faune Tropicale v. 23 (for 1982); ref. 5679] Northwest of Madagascar, 12°41.3'S, 48°16'E, depth 308-314 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1979-0030. Paratypes: MNHN 1979-0031 (4). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1993:113 [ref. 20810]. •Valid as Ariosoma bauchotae Karrer 1983 -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285] dated 1982, Fricke et al. 2018:48 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma bauchotae Karrer 1983. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: off western Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

bengalense, Ariosoma Ray [D.], Acharya [S.], Khatua [T.], Roy [D.], Mohapatra [A.] & Mishra [S. S.] 2022:134, Figs. 1-5 [Zootaxa 5165 (no. 1); ref. 39391] Petua Ghat, West Bengal, India, depth 168 meters. Holotype: EBRC/ZSI F12898. Paratype: EBRC/ZSI F12899 (1). •Valid as Ariosoma bengalense Ray, Acharya, Khatua, Roy, Mohapatra & Mishra 2022. Current status: Valid as Ariosoma bengalense Ray, Acharya, Khatua, Roy, Mohapatra & Mishra 2022. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: northern Bay of Bengal, West Bengal, India. Habitat: marine.

bowersi, Congrellus Jenkins [O. P.] 1903:422, Fig. 1 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 (1902); ref. 2341] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: USNM 50689. Paratypes: CAS-SU 23314 (5), USNM 126007 [ex USBF 1174] (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:48 [ref. 12291], Smith 1994:6-7 [ref. 21917]. Ariosoma marginatum (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) is preoccupied by Leptocephalus marginatus Kaup 1856 when classified in genus Ariosoma; then Arisoma bowersi (Jenkins 1903) is the oldest available name. •Synonym of Ariosoma marginatum (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) -- (Mundy 2005:139 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:55 [ref. 30952]). •Valid as Arisoma bowersi (Jenkins 1903) -- (Kodeeswaran et al. 2022: [6] 780 [ref. 39019]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma bowersi (Jenkins 1903). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll, Cross Seamount and Hawaiian islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

brevicaudus, Leptocephalus (Diaphanichthys) Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1864:399 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864; ref. 3437] Masbate, northern Luzon Island, Philippines. Syntypes: ZMB 5405 (7). Also appeared as new in Peters 1865:48 [ref. 18544]. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

cassini, Muraena Risso [A.] 1810:91 [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Risso specimens: ZMB 3975 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1993:130 [ref. 20810]. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

cingulus, Atopichthys Garman [S.] 1899:334, Pl. 67 (figs. 2-2a) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Eastern Pacific, 7°09'45"N, 80°50'W, Albatross station 3354, depth surface over 322 fathoms. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28423. •Synonym of Ariosoma gilberti (Ogilby 1898) -- (Raju 1985:3 [ref. 5287]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma gilberti (Ogilby 1898). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

ciuciara, Echelus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:65, Pl. 15 (fig. 3) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:42 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454], Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

coquettei, Ariosoma Smith [D. G.] & Kanazawa [R. H.] 1977:533, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 4036] Off French Guiana, 7°10'N, 53°36'W, Pilsbury station 658, depth 69-74 fathoms. Holotype: ANSP 134203. Paratypes: RMNH 27391 (2), 27428 (2); USNM 158917 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:64 [ref. 13621], Smith 1994:5 [ref. 21917]. •Valid as Ariosoma coquettei Smith & Kanazawa 1977 -- (Uyeno & Sasaki in Uyeno et al. 1983:110 [ref. 14275], Smith 1989:501 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:733 [ref. 13285], Cervigón 1992:302 [ref. 23827], Smith 2003:749 [ref. 26989], Carvalho-Filho 2023:55 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma coquettei Smith & Kanazawa 1977. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Guianas south to northern Brazil. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Leptocephalus Collett [R.] 1896:153 [Poissons provenant des campagnes du Yacht "L'Hirondelle" (1885-1888) Fasc. 10; ref. 890] North Atlantic. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Leptocephalus dentex Cantor 1849. •Questionably a synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:496 [ref. 13285]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

diaphanus, Helmichthys Costa [O. G.] 1844:Helmichthys p. 2, Pl. 31 [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Published 12 Mar 1844. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

dolichopterum, Ariosoma Karmovskaya [E. S.] 2015:719 [906], Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 55 (no. 6); ref. 34150] Coastal waters of Central Vietnam, 12°37'N, 109°28'E. depth 29 - 44 meters. Holotype: ZMMU 23861. Paratypes: IOM, ZMMU. •Valid as Ariosoma dolichopterum Karmovskaya 2015 -- (Smith et al. 2018:89 [ref. 36040], Ho et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36050], Kodeeswaran et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38318]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma dolichopterum Karmovskaya 2015. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: India, Vietnam, Philippines and Taiwan (South China Sea). Habitat: marine.

eckmani, Leptocephalus Strömman [P. H.] 1896:16, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-3) [Leptocephalids in the University Zoological Museum at Upsala; ref. 4294] Central North Atlantic, between Europe the U.S.A. Lectotype: ZMUU 450i. Paralectotypes: (many) ZMUU 692a-o (450). Type catalog: Wallin 1996:61 [ref. 32133]. Lectotype selected by Bertin 1936:2 [ref. 20693]. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:495, 726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

emmae, Ariosoma Smith [D. G.] & Ho [H.-C.] in Smith, Ho, Huang & Chang 2018:90, Figs. 1, 3C, 5 [Zootaxa 4454 (no. 1); ref. 36040] Off Ke-tsu-liao, Kaohsiung, southwestern Taiwan, north tip of South China Sea. Holotype: NMMBP 26428. Paratypes: NMMBP, USNM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Ariosoma emmae Smith & Ho 2018 -- (Ho et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36050]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma emmae Smith & Ho 2018. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

fasciatus, Poeciloconger Günther [A.] 1872:673, Pl. 68 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1871 (pt 3) (art. 1) (for 21 Nov. 1871); ref. 1997] Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1871.7.20.63. •Valid as Poeciloconger fasciatus Günther 1872 -- (Klausewitz 1971:197 [ref. 39509], Castle 1990:123 [ref. 15487], Myers 1999:58 [ref. 23965], Smith 1999:1686 [ref. 24661], Allen & Adrim 2003:24 [ref. 26830]). •Valid as Ariosoma fasciatus (Günther 1872) -- (Shen 1998:107 [ref. 24932], Mundy 2005:139 [ref. 28379], Allen & Erdmann 2012:113 [ref. 31980]). •Valid as Ariosoma fasciatum (Günther 1872) -- (Randall 2005:27 [ref. 28239], Randall 2007:54 [ref. 30952], Ho & Shao 2011: 23 [ref. 31432], Ho et al. 2015:8 [ref. 34116], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130], Smith et al. 2018:94 [ref. 36040], Smith & Heemstra 2022:87 [ref. 39685]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma fasciatum (Günther 1872). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar and Mascarenes (Mauritius); Indonesia east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

fijiensis, Congrellus Ogilby [J. D.] 1898:290 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 23 (pt 3); ref. 3276] Fiji Islands. Holotype (unique): MAMU. •Tentatively a synonym of Ariosoma scheelei (Strömman 1896) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Uncertain as Ariosoma scheelei (Strömman 1896). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

flavirostris, Leptocephalus Snyder [J. O.] 1908:93 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 35 (no. 1635); ref. 4150] Misaki, Japan. Holotype: USNM 62230. Paratypes: CAS-SU 21100 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:48 [ref. 12291], Smith 1994:9 [ref. 21917]. Types: Shinohara & Williams 2006:549 [ref. 31656]. •Status uncertain -- (Smith 1994:9 [ref. 21917]). •Synonym of Ariosoma anago (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Smith et al. 2018:87 [ref. 36040]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma anago (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

gilberti, Congrellus Ogilby [J. D.] 1898:288 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 23 (pt 3); ref. 3276] (Pacific) Panama, 8°06'30"N, 78°51'00"W, Albatross station 2797, depth 33 fathoms. Lectotype: USNM 44293. Paralectotypes: USNM 30930 (1), 125091 (2). Type catalog: Smith 1994:7 [ref. 21917]. Based on Ophisoma balearicum of Gilbert 1891:349 [ref. 1625]. Lectotype selected by Rosenblatt 1958:52 [ref. 21918]. •Valid as Ariosoma gilberti (Ogilby 1898) -- (Raju 1985:3 [ref. 5287], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Allen & Robertson 1994:57 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:38 [ref. 23101], Smith in Fischer et al. 1995:1032 [ref. 22829], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:178 [ref. 24023], Nelson et al. 2004:64 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:21 [ref. 37547], Smith in McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:188 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:64 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:143 [ref. 34871], Fourriére et al. 2016:442 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Love et al. 2021:38 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma gilberti (Ogilby 1898). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica south to Peru, including Cocos Island (Costa Rica) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2010): Least concern. Habitat: marine.

gnanadossi, Ariosoma Talwar [P. K.] & Mukherjee [P.] 1977:432, Fig. 1 [Indian Journal of Animal Sciences v. 47 (no. 7); ref. 27708] Off Madras, Bay of Bengal, east coast of India, depth 250 meters. Holotype (unique): ZSI F.7146/2. See Das 2003:350 [ref. 27706]. •Valid as Ariosoma gnanadossi Talwar & Mukherjee 1977 -- (Psomadakis et al. 2015:148 [ref. 34104], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 5 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:282 [ref. 37272] as cf. gnanadossi, Kodeeswaran et al. 2021:10 [ref. 38318], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39019], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39196], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39376], Ray et al. 2022:141 [ref. 39391]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma gnanadossi Talwar & Mukherjee 1977. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Habitat: marine.

gracile, Ariosoma Kodeeswaran [P.], Kathirvelpandian [A.], Mohapatra [A.], Kumar [T. T. A.] & Sarkar [U. K.] in Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Ray, Mohapatra, Kumar et al. 2024:120, Figs. 1a, 2a, 3-4 [Zoosystematics and Evolution v. 100 (no. 1); ref. 40791] Deep-sea trawl by-catch, Kalamukku Fishing Harbour, off Kerala coast, Arabian Sea, 9°59'N, 76°14'E. Holotype: NBFGR CONACOM. Paratypes: EBRC/ZSI F15709 (2), NBFGR/CONACOM.1-2 (2). •Valid as Ariosoma gracile Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Mohapatra, Kumar & Sarkar 2024. Current status: Valid as Ariosoma gracile Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Mohapatra, Kumar & Sarkar 2024. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea, southwestern Indian coast. Habitat: marine.

hemiaspidus, Thyreoconger Wade [C. B.] 1946:189, Pl. 25 (figs. 1-3) [Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition 1932-40, Los Angeles v. 9 (no. 7); ref. 4542] North of Point Lobos, Gulf of California, 29°55'N, 112°46'50"W, Sonora, Mexico, depth 10 fathoms. Holotype: LACM 21717 [ex AHF 461]. Paratypes: LACM 21549 [ex AHF 299] (1), 21551 [ex AHF 310] (1). •Valid as Ariosoma hemiaspidus (Wade 1946) -- (Smith in McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:188 [ref. 30957], Tighe et al. 2019:1 [ref. 39678], Page et al. 2023:56 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma hemiaspidus (Wade 1946). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) to Gulf of California (Mexico) south to Guatemala. IUCN (2019): Data Deficient. Habitat: marine.

howensis, Congermuraena McCulloch [A. R.] & Waite [E. R.] 1916:438, Pl. 40 (fig. 2) [Transactions Royal Society of South Australia v. 40; ref. 15058] Lord Howe Island. Syntypes: AMS A.12281 (1), I.13691 (1), I.13893 (1). •Synonym of Ariosoma mauritianum (Pappenheim 1914) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285]). •Valid as Ariosoma howensis (McCulloch & Waite 1916) -- (Karmovskaya 2004:S2 [ref. 28053], Hoese & Gates 2006:288 [ref. 28997], Smith & Stewart 2015:272 [ref. 34234]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma howensis (McCulloch & Waite 1916). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

impressus, Conger Poey [F.] 1860:318 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. No types known. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454], Cervigón 1991:67 [ref. 24472]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

indicum, Ariosoma Kodeeswaran [P.], Kathirvelpandian [A.], Acharya [S.], Mohanty [S. R.], Mohapatra [A.], Kumar [T. T. A.] & Lal [K. K.] 2022:3, Figs. 1-4 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 100 (no. 6); ref. 39196] Trawl bycatch. Kalamukku fish landing centre, off Kochi, Arabian Sea, India. Holotype: NBFGR CONAIND. Paratypes: (18) EBRC/ZSI, NBFGR. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Ariosoma indicum Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Acharya, Mohanty, Mohapatra, Kumar & Lal 2022 -- (Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39376], Ray et al. 2022:141 [ref. 39391], Kodeeswaran et al. 2024:127 [ref. 40791]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma indicum Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Acharya, Mohanty, Mohapatra, Kumar & Lal 2022. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: southwest and northeast coast of India. Habitat: marine.

inornatus, Leptocephalus Facciolà [L.] 1883:5, Pl. 4 (fig. 2) [Atti della Società Toscana di Scienze Naturali. Memorié v. 6 (pt 1); ref. 17476] Straits of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

kannani, Ariosoma Kodeeswaran [P.], Kathirvelpandian [A.], Ray [D.], Kumar [T. T. A.], Mohapatra [A.] & Sarkar [U. K.] in Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Ray, Mohapatra, Kumar et al. 2024:124, Figs. 1b, 2b, 5 [Zoosystematics and Evolution v. 100 (no. 1); ref. 40791] Rameshwaram Fish Landing Centre, Tamil Nadu, Gulf of Mannar, east coast of India, Bay of Bengal, 9°16'N, 79°18'E. Holotype: NBFGR CONAKAN. Paratypes: EBRC/ZSI F15710 (1), F15711 (1). •Valid as Ariosoma kannani Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Ray, Kumar, Mohapatra & Sarkar 2024. Current status: Valid as Ariosoma kannani Kodeeswaran, Kathirvelpandian, Ray, Kumar, Mohapatra & Sarkar 2024. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Bay of Bengal, east coast of India. Habitat: marine.

kapala, Poeciloconger Castle [P. H. J.] 1990:121, Figs. 1A-C, 2 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 42 (no. 2) [1988]; ref. 15487] Off Port Stephens, New South Wales, Australia, 32°41'S, 152°16'E to 32°44'S, 152°15'E, depth 46-64 meters. Holotype: AMS I.25923-005. •Valid as Poeciloconger kapala Castle 1990 -- (Hoese & Gates 2006:296 [ref. 28997], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:108 [ref. 36167]). •Valid as Ariosoma kapala (Castle 1990) -- (Smith et al. 2018:96 [ref. 36040]), Current status: Valid as Ariosoma kapala (Castle 1990). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific: southeastern Australia, Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

macrenteron, Leptocephalus D'Ancona [U.] 1928:32, Pl. 2 (figs. 10-11a) [Memoria, Reale Comitato Talassografico Italiano No. 146; ref. 15917] Red Sea. Syntypes: (2) MSNVE P-2 (1). •Questionably a senior synonym of Ariosoma somaliense Kotthaus 1968 -- (Castle 1975:21 [ref. 25984]). •Synonym of Ariosoma mauritianum (Pappenheim 1914) -- (Dor 1984:33 [ref. 29757], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:59 [ref. 35264]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma mauritianum (Pappenheim 1914). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

major, Alloconger shiroanago Asano [H.] 1958:191 [English p. 195], Fig. 1 [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 67 (no. 7); ref. 12045] Off Shibushi, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 23355. Paratypes: FAKU 1118 (1), 12143 (1), 23353-54 (2), 23356-60 (5), 25278-79 (1, 1), 25281 (1), 26916 (1). The neuter form is majus agreeing with the gender of Ariosoma. •Probably a synonym of Ariosoma anago (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285]). •Synonym of Ariosoma shiroanago (Asano 1958), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:27 [ref. 6441], Shimizu & Hatooka 1997:2 [ref. 24377], Shen 1998:10 [ref. 23445], Nakabo 2000:228 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2005:401 [ref. 28370]). •Valid as Ariosoma major (Asano 1958) -- (Lee & Joo 1999:23 [ref. 25724], Smith in Randall & Lim 2000:586 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:228 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:145, 493 [ref. 26218], Zhang et al. 2010:195 [ref. 31511], Shinohara et al. 2014:236 [ref. 33330], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130], Motomura et al. 2017:36 [ref. 35490], Wada et al. 2021:36 [ref. 38521]). •Valid as Ariosoma majus (Asano 1958) -- (Smith et al. 2018:95 [ref. 36040], Sonoyama et al. 2020:18 [ref. 37637], Kodeeswaran et al. 2021:10 [ref. 38318], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39019], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39196], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39376], Ray et al. 2022:141 [ref. 39391], Kodeeswaran et al. 2024:127 [ref. 40791]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma majus (Asano 1958). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: West Bengal (India); Vietnam, Philippines and Taiwan north to Japan. Habitat: marine.

marginatus, Congrogadus Vaillant [L. L.] & Sauvage [H.-E.] 1875:282 [Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Sér. 3) v. 3; ref. 17853] Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9012 (1), 0000-9013 (8). Type catalog: Bauchot 1967:38 [ref. 20734], Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:86 [ref. 12478], Bauchot et al. 1993:114-115 [ref. 20810] but as holotype and paratypes. Ariosoma is neuter, so the correct combination is apparently Ariosoma marginatum. Preoccupied by Leptocephalus marginatus Kaup 1856 when placed in Ariosoma (by Bertin 1935, ref. 21550) -- David Smith pers. email 3 Jan. 2017. •Valid as Ariosoma marginatus (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Bauchot et al. 1993:114 [ref. 20810]). •Valid as Ariosoma marginatum (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) -- (Mundy 2005:139 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:55 [ref. 30952]). •Synonym of Ariosoma bowersi (Jenkins 1903). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma bowersi (Jenkins 1903). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

marginatus, Leptocephalus Kaup [J. J.] (ex Quoy & Gaimard) 1857:152, Pl. 19 (fig. 19) [Catalogue of the apodal fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2573] Atlantic and Puducherry, India. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-2630 (1) Pondicherry, 0000-3412 (1) Atlantic, B-3164 (1) Atlantic. Type catalog: Bertin 1935:102-104 [ref. 21550], Bauchot et al. 1993:121 [ref. 20810]. •Atlantic specimens are Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495, 726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

mauritianus, Leptocephalus Pappenheim [P.] 1914:189, Fig. 8, Pl. 10 (fig. 2) [Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903 v. 15 (Zoologie v. 7); ref. 3361] South of Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): ZMB 19339 (poor condition). •Valid as Ariosoma mauritianum (Pappenheim 1914) -- (Castle 1975:21 [ref. 25984], Dor 1984:32 [ref. 29757], Castle 1986:162 [ref. 5644], Paxton et al. 1989:140 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Francis 1993:158 [ref. 25479], Klausewitz 1994:464 [ref. 23564], Goren & Dor 1994:8 [ref. 25356], Fricke 1999:68 [ref. 24106], Hutchins 2001:17 [ref. 25847], Hoese & Gates 2006:289 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2009:20 [ref. 30213], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:59 [ref. 35264], Fricke et al. 2011:353 [ref. 31342], Fricke et al. 2018:48 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma mauritianum (Pappenheim 1914). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Solomon Islands, south to Western Australia at 32°S, New South Wales (Australia) at 33°33'S and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

maurostigma, Ariosoma Kodeeswaran [P.], Mohapatra [A.], Dhinakaran [A.], Kumar [T. T. A.] & Lal [K. K.] 2022:2, Figs. 1-4 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 100 (no. 3); ref. 39019] Off Kerala coast [Kalamukku fishing harbour], Arabian Sea, India, Western Indian Ocean, 9°59'2.2482"N, 76°14'7.6704"E. Holotype: NBFGR CONAMAUR. Paratypes: NBFGR CONAMAUR 1-4 (4), EBRC/ZSI F12905 (1). Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Ariosoma maurostigma Kodeeswaran, Mohapatra, Dhinakaran, Kumar & Lal 2022 -- (Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39196], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39376], Ray et al. 2022:141 [ref. 39391]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma maurostigma Kodeeswaran, Mohapatra, Dhinakaran, Kumar & Lal 2022. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea off Kerala, India. Habitat: marine.

meeki, Congrellus Jordan [D. S.] & Snyder [J. O.] 1900:347, Pl. 11 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 23 (no. 1213); ref. 2502] Tokyo Bay, Japan. Holotype (unique): USNM 49397. Type catalog: Smith 1994:7 [ref. 21917]. •Valid as Ariosoma meeki (Jordan & Snyder 1900) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Nakabo 2000:227 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:227 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2014:236 [ref. 33330], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130], Yeo & Kim 2016:121 [ref. 36303], Motomura et al. 2017:36 [ref. 35490], Hibino in Kimura et al. 2018:28 [ref. 36460], Karmovskaya 2018:409 [461] [ref. 36153], Smith et al. 2018:98 [ref. 36040], Kim et al. 2020:55 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:18 [ref. 37637]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma meeki (Jordan & Snyder 1900). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Vietnam east to Philippines, north to southern Korea and Japan, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), Queensland (Australia), and Oshen Island (Melanesian Basin). Habitat: marine.

megalops, Ariosoma Fowler [H. W.] 1938:12, Fig. 1 [Hong Kong Naturalist No. 6, Suppl.; ref. 17760] Macao. Holotype: ANSP 68287. Paratypes: ANSP 68288 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:65 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Ariosoma megalops Fowler 1938 -- (Smith 1999:1686 [ref. 24661], Smith in Randall & Lim 2000:586 [ref. 25122], Karmovskaya 2018:413 [465] [ref. 36153], Smith et al. 2018:101 [ref. 36040]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma megalops Fowler 1938. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Vietnam east to Philippines and Solomon Islands, north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

melanospilos, Ariosoma Kodeeswaran [P.], Jayakumar [T. K. T.], Akash [S.], Kumar [T. T. A.] & Lal [K. K.] 2021:3, Figs. 2-5a, 6a [Marine Biodiversity v. 51 (art. 47); ref. 38318] Off Kanyakumari [Colachel fish landing centre], southwest coast of India, Indian Ocean, 8°10'21.92"N, 77°15'2.98"E. Holotype: NBFGR CONAMEL. Paratype: ZSI F14502/2 (1). •Valid as Ariosoma melanospilos Kodeeswaran, Jayakumar, Akash, Kumar & Lal 2021 -- (Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39019], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39196], Kodeeswaran et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39376], Kodeeswaran et al. 2024:127 [ref. 40791]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma melanospilos Kodeeswaran, Jayakumar, Akash, Kumar & Lal 2021. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: southwest coast of India. Habitat: marine.

mellissii, Congromuraena Günther [A.] 1870:42 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 8; ref. 1995] St. Helena Island, South Atlantic. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1867.10.8.50. Previously appeared as name only in Günther 1869:239 [ref. 13284]. •Valid as Ariosoma mellissii (Günther 1870) -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:628 [ref. 9166], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:158 [ref. 13454], Smith 2016:1690 [ref. 34556]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma mellissii (Günther 1870). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Southern central Atlantic: Saint Helena endemic. Habitat: marine.

microphthalmus, Leptocephalus Beebe [W.] & Tee-Van [J.] 1928:58, Fig. [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 15836] Port-au-Prince Bay, Haiti, West Indies, surface nightlight. Holotype (unique): USNM 170906 [ex NYZS 7080]. Type catalog: Mead 1958:133 [ref. 20648], Smith 1994:9 [ref. 21917]. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:496 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). •Status uncertain -- (Smith 1994:9 [ref. 21917], probably not Ariosoma). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

minor, Ariosoma Howell Rivero [L.] 1934:339, Fig. 1 [Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural v. 8 (no. 6); ref. 3767] Havana, Cuba. Holotype (unique): MCZ 33452. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:496 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

multivertebratum, Ariosoma Karmovskaya [E. S.] 2004:S5, Fig. 3 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 44 (suppl. 1); ref. 28053] Eiao Island, Marquesas Islands, 7°51'S, 140°30'W, depth 416-460 meters. Holotype: MNHN 2000-0921. Paratypes: MNHN 2000-0919 (4), 2000-0920 (1), 2002-3731 (1), 2000-4581 (1). •Valid as Ariosoma multivertebratum Karmovskaya 2004 -- (Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33988]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma multivertebratum Karmovskaya 2004. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Marquesas Islands. Habitat: marine.

nancyae, Ariosoma Shen [S.-C.] 1998:10, Figs. 3A, 3B, 5C, 6C [Zoological Studies v. 37 (no. 1); ref. 23445] Nanfangao fish market, northeastern coast of Taiwan. Holotype: NTUM 07871. Paratypes: ASIZT 058529 (2). Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:23 [ref. 31432]. •Synonym of Ariosoma fasciatum (Günther 1872) -- (Randall 2005:27 [ref. 28239], Randall 2007:54 [ref. 30952], Ho & Shao 2011:23 [ref. 31432], Ho et al. 2015:8 [ref. 34116], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130], Smith et al. 2018:94 [ref. 36040]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma fasciatum (Günther 1872). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

neoguinaicus, Conger Bleeker [P.] 1859:22 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 6 (art. 2); ref. 14003] Doreh Bay [Doreh], off Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia, New Guinea, ca. 0°53'25''S 134°05'29''E. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1867.11.28.324 (1) New Guinea. •Tentatively a synonym of Ariosoma scheelei (Strömman 1896) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Uncertain as Ariosoma scheelei (Strömman 1896). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

nigrimanus, Ariosoma Norman [J. R.] 1939:39, Fig. 12 [Scientific Reports, John Murray Expedition v. 7 (no. 1); ref. 6556] Gulf of Aden, station 194, depth 220 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1939.5.24.621-622 (300-mm spec.). Paratypes: BMNH 1939.5.24.621-623 (1 of 2). The species epithet is a noun in apposition, and does not change its ending. •Valid as Ariosoma nigrimanum Norman 1939 -- (Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S95 [ref. 27377], Smith & Heemstra 2022:88 [ref. 39685]). •Valid as Ariosoma nigrimanus Norman 1939 -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma nigrimanus Norman 1939. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Mozambique; Gulf of Aden. Habitat: marine.

nuttalli, Atopichthys Fowler [H. W.] 1912:11, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 64; ref. 1385] Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Holotype (unique): ANSP 1042. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:120 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Ariosoma marginatum (Vaillant & Sauvage 1875) -- (Mundy 2005:139 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:55 [ref. 30952] with question). •Synonym of Arisoma bowersi (Jenkins 1903). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma bowersi (Jenkins 1903). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

obud, Ariosoma Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1923:144, Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Philippine Journal of Science v. 23 (no. 2); ref. 2117] Marinduque Island, Philippines. Holotype (unique): BSMP (presumed destroyed). •Valid as Ariosoma obud Herre 1923 -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma obud Herre 1923. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

ophidiophthalmus, Ariosoma Karmovskaya [E. S.] 1991:891 [2], Fig. 2a [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 31 (no. 6); ref. 19225] Western Indian Ocean, 10°30'S, 61°10'E, depth 115-110 meters. Holotype: ZIN 49768. Paratypes: ZMMU P-18472 (1). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:16 [ref. 25714]. On p. 2 of English translation. •Valid as Ariosoma ophidiophthalmus Karmovskaya 1991 -- (Smith & Heemstra 2022:88 [ref. 39685]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma ophidiophthalmus Karmovskaya 1991. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Saya de Malha Bank endemic. Habitat: marine.

opistophthalmus, Conger Ranzani [C.] 1839:78 [14], Pl. 12 (figs. 1a-c) [Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Instituti Bononiensis v. 4 [1840]; ref. 18606] Brazilian Seas [original] or Mediterranean. Holotype (unique): MZUB 989. Appeared first without description as Conger opistophtalmus as Ranzani in Alessandrini 1838:433 [ref. 25852]. Dates to publication in a separate, on p. 14 and Pl. 5 in 1839; journal version in 1840. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185] with locality as Mediterranean). •Valid as Conger opistophthalmus Ranzani 1839 -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285]). •Valid as Ariosoma opisthophthalmum (Ranzani 1839) -- (Andreata & Séret 1996:582 [ref. 16204] as opisthophtalma and dated 1838, Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:36 [ref. 27192] as opistophthalmus and dated 1840, Figueroa & Ehrlich 2006:228 [ref. 29812] dated 1840, Pinheiro et al. 2015:7 [ref. 34324], Carvalho-Filho 2023:55 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma opistophthalmum (Ranzani 1839). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Bahia (Brazil) south to Uruguay; eastern Atlantic (?). Habitat: marine.

rex, Leptocephalus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Kennedy [C. H.] 1902:86, Figs. 3, 3a-b [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 21 (1901); ref. 11071] New Providence Island, Bahamas, western Atlantic. Holotype (unique): USNM 49764. Non-types: USNM 49765 (1). Type catalog: Smith 1994:9 [ref. 21917]. Specimen from San Salvador not definitely referred to species ("may represent a later phase of the species called amphioxus") so remaining specimen is holotype. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:496 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

sanzoi, Leptocephalus D'Ancona [U.] 1928:27, Pl. 2 (figs. 5-9a) [Memoria, Reale Comitato Talassografico Italiano No. 146; ref. 15917] Red Sea. Syntypes: (7). •Synonym of Ariosoma scheelei (Strömman 1896) -- (Dor 1984:33 [ref. 29757]). •Valid as Ariosoma sanzoi (D'Ancona 1928) -- (Golani & Lerner 2007:258 [ref. 30649], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:59 [ref. 35264], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[4] 242 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:24 [ref. 36273], Smith & Heemstra 2022:88 [ref. 39685]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma sanzoi (D'Ancona 1928). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Red Sea endemic. Habitat: marine.

sazonovi, Ariosoma Karmovskaya [E. S.] 2004:S7, Fig. 4 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 44 (suppl. 1); ref. 28053] Philippines, 13°08'N, 122°39'E, depth 440 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1998-0647. Paratypes: MNHN 1984-0627 (1), 1998-0642 (2), 1998-0646 (1). •Valid as Ariosoma sazonovi Karmovskaya 2004. Current status: Valid as Ariosoma sazonovi Karmovskaya 2004. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

scheelei, Leptocephalus Strömman [P. H.] 1896:21, Pl. 1 (figs. 6-7) [Leptocephalids in the University Zoological Museum at Upsala; ref. 4294] Malay Archipelago and western Atlantic. Syntypes: (5) ZMUU 693a-d (4?). Type catalog: Wallin 1996:61 [ref. 32133]. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185] in part, Smith 1989:726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). •Valid as Ariosoma scheelei (Strömman 1896) -- (Dor 1984:33 [ref. 29757], Castle 1975:20 [ref. 25984], Castle 1986:162 [ref. 5644], Paxton et al. 1989:140 [ref. 12442], Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Goren & Dor 1994:8 [ref. 25356], Myers 1999:58 [ref. 23965], Smith 1999:1686 [ref. 24661], Hutchins 2001:17 [ref. 25847], Allen & Adrim 2003:24 [ref. 26830], Hoese & Gates 2006:289 [ref. 28997], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:59 [ref. 35264], Fricke et al. 2011:353 [ref. 31342], Allen & Erdmann 2012:113 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:23 [ref. 33932], Motomura et al. 2017:37 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:49 [ref. 35805], Smith et al. 2018:103 [ref. 36040], Smith & Heemstra 2022:88 [ref. 39685]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma scheelei (Strömman 1896). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Aldabra (Seychelles) and Madagascar east to Marshall Islands, Philippines and Samoa, south to Western Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

selenops, Ariosoma Reid [E. D.] 1934:4, Fig. 1 [Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections v. 91 (no. 15); ref. 16454] North of Tabago Island, Virgin Islands, 18°40'30"N, 64°50'00"W to 18°45'40"N, 64°48'00"W, Caroline station 101, depth 190-300 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 93310. Paratypes: USNM 93311-12 (1, 1). Type catalog: Smith 1994:5 [ref. 21917]. •Valid as Ariosoma selenops Reid 1934 -- (Smith 1989:499 [ref. 13285], Smith 1989:730 [ref. 13285], Boschung 1992:37 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:302 [ref. 23827], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:295 [ref. 23897], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:149 [ref. 27754], Menezes et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:36 [ref. 27192], Smith 2003:749 [ref. 26989], Klautau et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37903], Carvalho-Filho 2023:55 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:56 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma selenops Reid 1934. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Colombia south to Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

sereti, Ariosoma Karmovskaya [E. S.] 2004:S5, Fig. 2 [Journal of Ichthyology v. 44 (suppl. 1); ref. 28053] Hiva Oa Island, Marquesas Islands, 9°41'S, 139°03'W. Holotype: MNHN 2000-0917. Paratypes: MNHN 2000-0918 (4). •Valid as Ariosoma sereti Karmovskaya 2004. Current status: Valid as Ariosoma sereti Karmovskaya 2004. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Marquesas Islands. Habitat: marine.

shiroanago, Alloconger shiroanago Asano [H.] 1958:193 [English p. 195], Fig. 2 [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 67 (no. 7); ref. 12045] Off Owashi, Mie Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: FAKU 19016. Paratypes: FAKU 1117 (1), 1119 (1), 2076-77 (2), 2111 (1), 20599 (1), 21312 (1), 21710-11 (2), 23551 (1), 25156-68 (13), 25275-76 (2), 26915 (1). Described originally with a second subspecies; types of A. s. shiroanago are regarded as the types for the species A. shiroanago Asano. •Valid as Ariosoma shiroanago (Asano 1958), subspecies shiroanago -- (Machida in Okamura & Kitajima 1984:93, 319 [ref. 8057], Asano in Masuda et al. 1984:27 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:228 [ref. 25086], Shinohara et al. 2001:294 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:228 [ref. 26001], Shinohara et al. 2005:401 [ref. 28370]). •Valid as Ariosoma shiroanago (Asano 1958) -- (Smith 1989:495 [ref. 13285], Lee & Joo 1999:24 [ref. 25724], Choi et al. 2003:145, 493 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2014:236 [ref. 33330], Ho et al. 2015:144 [ref. 34130], Smith et al. 2018:103 [ref. 36040], Kim et al. 2020:55 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:18 [ref. 37637]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma shiroanago (Asano 1958). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

sokotranum, Ariosoma Karmovskaya [E. S.] 1991:893 [4], Fig. 2b [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 31 (no. 6); ref. 19225] Western Indian Ocean, 12°14'N, 53°06'E, depth 420-395 meters. Holotype: ZIN 49769. Paratypes: ZMMU P-18473 (2). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:16 [ref. 25714]. On p. 4 of English translation. •Valid as Ariosoma sokotranum Karmovskaya 1991 -- (Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S95 [ref. 27377]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma sokotranum Karmovskaya 1991. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

somaliense, Ariosoma Kotthaus [A.] 1968:27, Figs. 121-122 [Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie No. 3; ref. 2669] Off Mogadisho, Somalia, Indian Ocean, 3°25'N, 47°14.8'E to 3°23.8'N, 47°14'E, depth 38-37 meters. Holotype: ZMH 4953 [ex IOES 52a]. Paratypes: ZMH [ex IOES 52b-m] (11). Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:414 [ref. 21161] but only holotype. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:496 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:158 [ref. 13454]). •Valid as Ariosoma somaliense Kotthaus 1968 -- (Castle 1975:21 [ref. 25984], Smith & Heemstra 2022:89 [ref. 39685]). Current status: Valid as Ariosoma somaliense Kotthaus 1968. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Somalia. Habitat: marine.

spinocadux, Leptocephalus Lea [E.] 1913:22, Fig. 16; Pl. 3 (no. 4) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 3 (pt 1, no. 7); ref. 14158] North Atlantic, 40°17'N, 50°39'W, station 67, depth 400 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMUB 5090. Type catalog: Frøiland 1979:147 [ref. 21547]. •Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:726 [ref. 13285]). Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

taenia, Leptocephalus Kaup [J. J.] 1857:151, Pl. 19 (fig. 18) [Catalogue of the apodal fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2573] India; Maldives; Waigeo [Waigiou], Indonesia; vicinity of Marianes Islands. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3417 (1), 3419 (3) Waigiou, 0000-3420 (1) Maldives; not MNHN 0000-3413 (5). Type catalog: Bertin 1935:104-106 [ref. 21550], Bauchot et al. 1993:122 [ref. 20810]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Leptocephalus taenia Lesson 1831. Also secondarily preoccupied by Heteroconger taenia Lesson 1830. •Atlantic specimens are Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Blache et al. 1973:241 [ref. 7185], Smith 1989:495, 726 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:157 [ref. 13454]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma. Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.