Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Balistes: [ 34 ] records

annularis, Balistes Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:16, Pl. 8 (fig. 1) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:41 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2019:104 [ref. 37117], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

bellus, Balistes Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:467 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] West Indies. No types known. •Synonym of Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758 -- (Moore 1967:693 [ref. 22820], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1057 [ref. 19527], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

buniva, Balistes Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:668, 669, Pl. 21 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MRSNT [Museum of Turin]. Type catalog: Beaunier et al. 2009:295 [ref. 28887]. See account of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Tortonese 1973:641 [ref. 7192], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1055 [ref. 19527]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Beaunier et al. 2009:295 [ref. 28887], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

caper, Balistes Giorna [M. E.] 1809:6 [Mémoires de l'Académie impériale des sciences, littérature et beaux-arts, Turin, Sér. Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques. [v. 16] (pt 1) (for 1805-1808); ref. 1808] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

caprinus, Balistes Valenciennes [A.] 1839:[94], Pl. 16 (fig. 3) [Ichthyologie des îles Canaries v. 2 (pt 2); ref. 4502] Canary Islands. Holotype (unique): MNHN B-1872. Type catalog: Le Danois 1961:515 [ref. 21538], Beaunier et al. 2009:287 [ref. 28887]. Dates to Pl. 16 in 1839, p. 94 published in 1843. See account of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1055 [ref. 19527]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

capriscus, Balistes Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Willughby) 1792:465 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality stated. No types known. Independent of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 and based on Capriscus salviani in pre-Linnaean work by Willughby 1686: Pl. I.29 [ref. 30164] -- see Parenti 2002:311 [ref. 26661]. •Junior synonym and primary homonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2002:311-312 [ref. 26661], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

capriscus, Balistes Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:30 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Indian and American Oceans. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.187 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:244-245 [ref. 13434] but as holotype. Not available, preoccupied by Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Based on the 'Balistes dorso triacantho squamis undique aculeatis' of Seba 1754:63, Pl. 24 (fig. 16) [ref. 18716], and the 'Balistes rostro subobtuso ...' of Gronow 1763:51 [ref. 1910]. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Wheeler 1958:244 [ref. 13434], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:1335 [ref. 13677]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

capriscus, Balistes Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1471 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Western North Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820] indicates that Daudin in Cloquet 1816:476-477 (v. 3) selected capriscus Gmelin 1789 over carolinensis Gmelin 1789, so when they are treated as synonyms, the name capriscus has priority over carolinensis. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:54 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Tortonese 1973:641 [ref. 7192], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1055 [ref. 19527], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:156 [ref. 26753], Parin 2003:S32 [ref. 28536], Golani 2005:64 [ref. 37112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:75 [ref. 36649]). •Valid as Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:465 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:302 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:563 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:225 [ref. 14674], Boschung 1992:180 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:265 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1996:74 [ref. 24489], Murdy et al. 1997:262 [ref. 23144], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Díaz de Astarloa et al. 2000:401 [ref. 24427], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:503 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:344 [ref. 25013], Fricke 1999:54 [ref. 24101], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:170 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1646 [ref. 25634], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:590 [ref. 26158], López et al. 2002:66 [ref. 26808], Matsuura 2003:1966 [ref. 27119], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:108 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:183 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:895 [ref. 28815], Fricke et al. 2007:117 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:193 [ref. 30517], Wirtz et al. 2007:41 [ref. 30263], Fricke 2008:58 [ref. 30182], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:17 [ref. 31251], Page et al. 2013:189 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:136 [ref. 32972], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:86 [ref. 33341], Matsuura 2014:7 [ref. 33576], Parin et al. 2014:550 [ref. 33547], Pinheiro et al. 2015:33 [ref. 34324], Matsuura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3051 [ref. 34618], Robertson et al. 2016:148 [ref. 34961], Nión et al. 2016:55 [ref. 35565], Martins & Carneiro 2018:104 [ref. 36550], Spier et al. 2018:18 [ref. 36103], Artüz & Fricke 2019:561 [ref. 36612], Brown et al. 2019:182 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:227 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:301 [ref. 38139], Ribeiro et al. 2019:8 [ref. 36717], Bariche & Fricke 2020:113 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:34 [ref. 37519], Pimentel et al. 2020:6 [ref. 38051], Robertson et al. 2020:151 [ref. 38098], Abliazov et al. 2021:12 [ref. 38576], Bañón & Maño 2021:98 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:87 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:62 [ref. 39014], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:691 [ref. 38945], Fermon et al. 2022:309 [ref. 39448], Simian et al. 2022:377 [ref. 40776], Carvalho-Filho 2023:276 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada) and Saint Pierre et Miquelon (France) south to Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: Morocco south to Angola, including Azores (Portugal), Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), Cape Verde Islands, São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: brackish, marine.

carolinensis, Balistes Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1468 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Indian and American seas. No types known. See account of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:54 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid as Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Tortonese 1973:641 [ref. 7192], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:1335 [ref. 13677], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1055 [ref. 19527], Santos et al. 1997:113 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:121 [ref. 24952], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:156 [ref. 26753], Falcón et al. 2003:146 [ref. 39343], Parin 2003:S32 [ref. 28536], Golani 2005:64 [ref. 37112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:75 [ref. 36649]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:344 [ref. 25013], Fricke 1999:54 [ref. 24101], Matsuura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3051 [ref. 34618], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

carolinensis, Balistes Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:29 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Several localities. Gronow material: BMNH 1853.11.12.186 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin) Carolinas, U.S.A. Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:245 [ref. 13434] but as holotype. Not an independent species description, but based on Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Wheeler 1958:245 [ref. 13434]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Matsuura 2003:1964 [ref. 27119], Parin et al. 2014:550 [ref. 33547], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

castaneus, Balistes Richardson [J.] 1845:126, Pl. 59 (figs. 5-8) [Ichthyology.--Part 3. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur.; ref. 20575] Pacific. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1848.3.18.22. •Synonym of Balistes polylepis Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921] with question). Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

ciliaris, Balistes Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:471 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Marankan, Brazil. Lectotype: ZMB 5900 (1, stuffed). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:49 [ref. 24282]. Lectotype selected by Paepke 1999:49 [ref. 24282]. •Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

dichrostigma, Balistes Duméril [A. H. A.] (ex Guichenot) 1861:261 [Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 10 [for 1858]; ref. 1149] Type catalog: Beaunier et al. 2009:301 [ref. 28887]. No distinguishing features, not available; from Gorée, Senegal. Guichenot's manuscript was based on MNHN B-1825 (Le Danois 1961:515 [ref. 21538]). •Nomen nudum -- (Parenti 2021:664 [ref. 38921]). •In the synonymy of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527], Beaunier et al. 2009:301 [ref. 28887]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

equestris, Balistes Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:31 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] American seas. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.190 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:244 [ref. 13434] but as holotype. •Synonym of Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758 -- (Wheeler 1958:244 [ref. 13434], Moore 1967:693 [ref. 22820], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1057 [ref. 19527], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

forcipatus, Balistes Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1472 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Brazil. No types known. Also appeared in Shaw 1904:416 [ref. 4015]. •Valid as Balistes forcipatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Herrera 1896:74 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1055 [ref. 19527], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:1336 [ref. 13677]). •Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Matsuura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3052 [ref. 34618] with question). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Scott & Scott 1988:564 [ref. 25518], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:344 [ref. 25013], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fuliginosus, Balistes DeKay [J. E.] 1842:339, Pl. 54 (fig. 188) [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] New York harbor, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fuscatus, Balistes Rafinesque [C. S.] 1814:19 [Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de Mr. C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz; ref. 3582] Atlantic, between the Azores and U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

guttatus, Balistes Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:467 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality known. No types known. •Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

liberiensis, Balistes Steindachner [F.] 1867:64 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe v. 4 (no. 8); ref. 20462] Monrovia, Liberia. Holotype (unique): NMW 63441. Species also appeared on p. 442 of English version [ref. 20462]; later appeared in more detail in Steindachner 1867:525, Pl. 3 [ref. 4215]; and on p. 9 of separate. •Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1057 [ref. 19527], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

lunulatus, Balistes Risso [A.] 1827:175 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Beaunier et al. 2009:297 [ref. 28887]. •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

moribundus, Balistes Cope [E. D.] 1871:478 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 14 (pt 3) (art. 5); ref. 920] St. Martin Island, West Indies. Holotype (unique): ANSP 781. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:26 [ref. 13621]. See account of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

nebulosus, Balistes Poey [F.] 1860:328 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. No types known. •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

niger, Balistes Commerson [P.] in Lacepède 1798:370 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 1; ref. 2708] Appeared as "Balistes niger, lineâ albâ dorsi Commerson"; regarded as non-binominal and name only, thus not available. See ICZN Opinion 89. •Nomen nudum -- (Parenti 2021:664 [ref. 38921]). Balistidae.

polylepis, Balistes Steindachner [F.] 1876:69 [21] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4225] Magdalena Bay, Baja California, Mexico. Syntypes: (several) NMW 63496-500 (1, 1, 1, 1, 2), 76426 (1). On p. 21 of separate. •Valid as Balistes polylepis Steindachner 1876 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:54 [ref. 39147], Berry & Baldwin 1966:436 [ref. 20607], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:295 [ref. 9277], Pequeño 1989:77 [ref. 14125], Allen & Robertson 1994:294 [ref. 22193], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:908 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:64 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:628 [ref. 24023], Randall & Mundy 1998:324 [ref. 24063], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:137 [ref. 24555], Thomson et al. 2000:268 [ref. 25640], Randall & Earle 2000:21 [ref. 25806], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:851 [ref. 25968], Richards & Engle 2001:182 [ref. 25759], Nelson et al. 2004:184 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:179 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:620 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:523 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:470 [ref. 30952], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:195 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:189 [ref. 32708], Matsuura 2014:7 [ref. 33576], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988] dated 1877, Galván-Villa et al. 2016:150 [ref. 34871], Fourriére et al. 2016:450 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:612 [ref. 34923], Kells et al. 2016:338 [ref. 35888], Robertson et al. 2017:106 [ref. 35676], Burton & Lea 2019:98 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:223 [ref. 39279], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Balistes polylepis Steindachner 1876. Balistidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southeastern Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador); waifs established in Marquesas Islands (South Pacific) and Hawaiian Islands (Central Pacific). Habitat: marine.

porcus, Capriscus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:41, 58 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Parenti 2019:108 [ref. 37117], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

powellii, Balistes Cope [E. D.] 1870:120 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 22; ref. 18030] Newport, Rhode Island, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 804. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:26 [ref. 13621]. See account of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

punctatus, Balistes Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1472 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Indian Ocean (?). No types known. •Valid as Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Tortonese 1973:641 [ref. 7192], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:1336 [ref. 13677], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Wirtz et al. 2007:42 [ref. 30263], Wirtz et al. 2013:136 [ref. 32972], Matsuura 2014:7 [ref. 33576], Matsuura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3052 [ref. 34618], Carneiro et al. 2019:227 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:302 [ref. 38139], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921], Fermon et al. 2022:309 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Morocco south to Angola, including Azores (Portugal), Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

radiata, Balistes Bowdich [S. L.] 1825:233, Fig. 45 [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Porta Praya, St. Jago Island, Cape Verde Islands. •Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527], Parenti 2019:7 [ref. 36934], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes punctatus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

rubicundus, Balistes polylepis de Buen [F.] 1959:158, Fig. 17 [Revista de Biologia Marina, Valparaiso v. 9 (nos 1-3); ref. 696] Chile. Holotype (unique): EBMC 10.159. •Synonym of Balistes polylepis Steindachner 1876, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Pequeño 1989:77 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Balistes polylepis Steindachner 1876 -- (Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921] as polylepisrubicundus). Current status: Synonym of Balistes polylepis Steindachner 1876. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

spilotopterygius, Balistes Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:455 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] American Ocean. No types known. See account of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1055 [ref. 19527]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

taeniopterus, Balistes Poey [F.] 1860:326 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. No types known. See account of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Balistes carolinensis Gmelin 1789 -- (Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1056 [ref. 19527]). •Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789 -- (Moore 1967:691 [ref. 22820], Parenti 2021:650 [ref. 38921]). Current status: Synonym of Balistes capriscus Gmelin 1789. Balistidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

trinitatis, Balistes vetula Nichols [J. T.] & Murphy [R. C.] 1914:265, Fig. 3 [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 33 (art. 20); ref. 14163] Trindade, Martin Vaz Islands, off southeastern Brazil, South Atlantic, 20°31'S, 29°19'W. Holotype (unique): AMNH 5071. •Synonym of Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758 -- (Moore 1967:693 [ref. 22820], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1057 [ref. 19527], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921] as vetulatrinitatis). Current status: Synonym of Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758. Balistidae. Habitat: marine.

vetula, Balistes Linnaeus [C.] 1758:329 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Ascension Island. Syntypes: ZMUU Linn. coll. 101 (1). Not a type: LS 127 (skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:72 [ref. 20705], Wheeler 1991:189-190, Fig. 27 [ref. 20102]. Also appeared in Linnaeus 1759:247 [ref. 24770]. •Valid as Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758 -- (Moore 1967:693 [ref. 22820], Tortonese 1973:641 [ref. 7192], Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:466 [ref. 14275], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:1337 [ref. 13677], Robins & Ray 1986:302 [ref. 23100], Smith & Heemstra 1986:877 [ref. 5714], Scott & Scott 1988:564 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:225 [ref. 14674], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1057 [ref. 19527], Boschung 1992:180 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:265 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1996:74 [ref. 24489], Santos et al. 1997:131 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:121 [ref. 24952], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:345 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:170 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1646 [ref. 25634], Rocha & Rosa 2001:992 [ref. 25909], Camargo & Isaac 2001:146 [ref. 27639], Collette et al. 2003:126 [ref. 26784], Matsuura 2003:1967 [ref. 27119], Matsuura 2003:1964 [ref. 27119], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:108 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:69 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:184 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:896 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:189 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:136 [ref. 32972], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:86 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Matsuura 2014:7 [ref. 33576], Pinheiro et al. 2015:33 [ref. 34324], Matsuura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3053 [ref. 34618], Robertson et al. 2016:148 [ref. 34961], Carneiro et al. 2019:228 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:302 [ref. 38139], Robertson et al. 2020:151 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:78 [ref. 38844], Parenti 2021:651 [ref. 38921], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:692 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:73 [ref. 39585], Fermon et al. 2022:309 [ref. 39448] possible, Carvalho-Filho 2023:276 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Balistes vetula Linnaeus 1758. Balistidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; southern-central Atlantic: Ascension island; eastern Atlantic: Morocco south to southern Angola, including Azores (Portugal), Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

vetula, Chaetodon Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:xviii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Not available, name only; from Malta; perhaps for Balistes vetula Linnaeus. •Nomen nudum -- (Parenti 2021:665 [ref. 38921]). Nomen Nudum. Balistidae.