Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Hyporthodus: [ 31 ] records

acanthistius, Bodianus Gilbert [C. H.] 1892:552 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 14 (no. 880); ref. 1626] Near Cape Lobos on eastern shore of Gulf of California, Mexico, 29°54'30"N, 113°01'W, Albatross station 3017, depth 58 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM. •Valid as Cephalopholis acanthistius (Gilbert 1892) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1993:84 [ref. 21807]). •Valid as Epinephelus acanthistius (Gilbert 1892) -- (Lea & Fukuhara 1991 [ref. 21795], Heemstra & Randall 1993:102 [ref. 21042], Allen & Robertson 1994:108 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:92 [ref. 23101], Heemstra in Fischer et al. 1995:1590 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:283 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:353 [ref. 24555], Lea & Rosenblatt 2000:121 [ref. 25206], Thomson et al. 2000:83 [ref. 25640], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:111 [ref. 37547], ). •Valid as Hyporthodus acanthistius (Gilbert 1892) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:263 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Palacios-Salgado et al. 2014:237 [ref. 36362], Kells et al. 2016:226 [ref. 35888], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Love et al. 2021:146 [ref. 39279], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:320 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus acanthistius (Gilbert 1892). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to central Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

chabaudi, Serranus Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:3 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Zwartkops River mouth, Algoa Bay, South Africa. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:46 [ref. 19232]. •Valid as Epinephelus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1986:523 [ref. 5667], Randall & Heemstra 1991:114 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:124 [ref. 21042], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S104 [ref. 27377], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:169 [ref. 28072], Craig et al. 2011:101 [ref. 31786], Jawad et al. 2013:3 [ref. 32489], Akhilesh et al. 2021:51 [ref. 38701], Heemstra 2022:52 [ref. 39742]). •Valid as Hypoplectrus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861) -- (Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100]). •Valid as Hyporthodus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Western Cape, Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Kenya, Oman, Seychelles, Walters Shoals and southwestern India. Habitat: marine.

cifuentesi, Epinephelus Lavenberg [R. J.] & Grove [J. S.] in Heemstra & Randall 1993:129, Fig. 277 [Catalog of groupers; ref. 21042] Off Punta Judas, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica, depth 135 meters. Holotype: LACM 44418-1. Paratypes: AMNH 55725 (1); CAS 39423 (1); LACM 35469-25 (1); CAS-SU 37462 (1); UCR 720-5 (1), 1666-2 (1), 1819-1 (1), 1978-1 (1), 2017-1 (1). Type catalog: Angulo et al. 2015:374 [ref. 35212]. Heemstra & Randall took the description from a manuscript by Lavenberg & Grove, and authorship apparently should be Lavenberg & Grove; Grove & Lavenberg 1997:318 [ref. 24023] credit authorship to Heemstra & Randall. •Valid as Epinephelus cifuentesi Lavenberg & Grove 1993 -- (Bussing & López S. 1994:94 [ref. 23101], Heemstra in Fischer et al. 1995:1592 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:285 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:318 [ref. 24023], Thomson et al. 2000:84 [ref. 25640], Béarez & Jiménez Prado 2003:108 [ref. 37318], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Craig et al. 2011:106 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Fourriére et al. 2016:444 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:608 [ref. 34923], Sánchez-Jiménez et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36248]). •Valid as Hyporthodus cifuentesi (Lavenberg & Grove 1993) -- (Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354], Love et al. 2021:146 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus cifuentesi (Lavenberg & Grove 1993). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico south to Ecuador, including Cocos Island, Gorgona Island and Galápagos Islands. Habitat: marine.

clarkei, Epinephelus Smith [J. L. B.] 1958:123, Pl. 1 (fig. C) [South African Journal of Science v. 54 (no. 5); ref. 12116] Off Xora River mouth, Transkei, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 6 fathoms. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 26. Additional material or paratypes: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] (not researched). •Synonym of Epinephelus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1986:523 [ref. 5667], Randall & Heemstra 1991:114 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:124 [ref. 21042], Heemstra 2022:52 [ref. 39742]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

compressus, Epinephelus Postel [E.], Fourmanoir [P.] & Guézé [P.] 1963:364, Fig. 8 [Mémoires de l'Institut français d'Afrique Noire No. 68; ref. 5208] Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype: CNRO uncat. Paratypes: MNHN 1963-0127 (1), 1967-0543 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:14-15 [ref. 19232]. •Valid as Epinephelus compressus Postel, Fourmanoir & Guézé 1963 -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:224 [ref. 19756]). •Synonym of Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1986:531 [ref. 5667]). •Synonym of Epinephelus octofasciatus Griffin 1926 -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:217 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:206 [ref. 21042], Fricke 1999:196 [ref. 24106], Fricke et al. 2011:385 [ref. 31242], Fricke et al. 2018:154 [ref. 35805]). •Valid as Hyporthodus compressus (Postel, Fourmanoir & Guézé 1961) -- (Kumar et al. 2012:113 [ref. 32541]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus octofasciatus Griffin 1926 -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354], Heemstra 2022:73 [ref. 39742]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus octofasciatus (Griffin 1926). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

conspersus, Serranus Poey [F.] 1860:139 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Syntypes: MCZ 10161 (3). Type catalog: Howell Rivero 1938:190 [ref. 22926]. •Synonym of Epinephelus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:204 [1ef. 21042]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:171 [ref. 32953], Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

darwinensis, Epinephelus Randall [J. E.] & Heemstra [P. C.] 1991:133, Pl. 11B, Fig. 66 [Indo-Pacific Fishes No. 20; ref. 19601] North of Bathurst Island, 10°11'S, 129°48'E, Timor Sea, depth 107 meters. Holotype (unique): NTM S.12346-001. •Valid as Epinephelus darwinensis Randall & Heemstra 1991 -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:139 [ref. 21042], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2543 [ref. 24815], Hoese et al. 2006:1010 [ref. 28999]). •Incertae sedis in Hyporthodus -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Larson et al. 2013:100 [ref. 32988]). •Valid as Hyporthodus darwinensis (Randall & Heemstra 1991) -- (Craig et al. 2011:264 [ref. 31786], Ma & Craig 2018:456 [ref. 36100] as incertae sedis, Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354], Moore et al. 2022:14 [ref. 39791]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus darwinensis (Randall & Heemstra 1991). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Northern Territory (Australia). Habitat: marine.

drummondhayi, Epinephelus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1878:173 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 1 (no. 23); ref. 18129] Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A.; Bermuda. Syntypes: USNM 16795 (1), 21255 (1, missing in 1980). Originally as drummond-hayi, correction mandatory. •Valid as Epinephelus drummondhayi Goode & Bean 1878 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:133 [ref. 23100], Bullock & Smith 1991:87 [ref. 36591], Heemstra & Randall 1993:142 [ref. 21042], Grace et al. 1994:19 [ref. 25512], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:206 [ref. 25013], Musick et al. 2000:16 [ref. 24959], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:157 [ref. 27754], Heemstra et al. 2003:1340 [ref. 27060], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:143 [ref. 28815], Craig et al. 2011:127 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Hyporthodus drummondhayi (Goode & Bean 1878) -- (Ma & Craig 2018:456 [ref. 36100] as incertae sedis, Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus drummondhayi (Goode & Bean 1878). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda and North Carolina, Florida, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Texas U.S.A. Habitat: marine.

ergastularius, Epinephelus (Schistorus) Whitley [G. P.] 1930:119, Pl. 14 (fig. 1) [Australian Zoologist v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 4669] Off Long Bay, near Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype: AMS IA.2482. Paratypes: AMS I.4039 (1), I.11252 (1), I.13809 (1), IA 3992 (1). •Synonym of Epinephelus septemfasciata (Thunberg 1793) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:498 [ref. 12442]). •Valid as Epinephelus ergastularius Whitley 1930 -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:140 [ref. 19601], Randall et al. 1993:26 [ref. 21004], Heemstra & Randall 1993:145 [ref. 21042], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2497 [ref. 24815], Hoese et al. 2006:1011 [ref. 28999]). •Valid as Hyporthodus ergastularius (Whitley 1930) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:266 [ref. 31786], Kumar et al. 2012:115 [ref. 32541], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354], Moore et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39791]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus ergastularius (Whitley 1930). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Queensland and New South Wales (Australia). Habitat: marine.

exsul, Serrihastaperca Fowler [H. W.] 1944:385, 396, Figs. 182-183 [Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia No. 6; ref. 1448] About 20 miles south of Mazatlán, Mexico (stomach content). Holotype: ANSP 70060. Paratypes: ANSP 70061-62 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:154 [ref. 13621]. •Young of ?Epinephelus -- (Heemstra 1974:25 [ref. 7125]). •Valid as Epinephelus exsul (Fowler 1944) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:146 [ref. 21042], Heemstra in Fischer et al. 1995:1593 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:285 [ref. 24545], Thomson et al. 2000:84 [ref. 25640], Heemstra et al. 2003:1341 [ref. 27060], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807]). •Valid as Hyporthodus exsul (Fowler 1944) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:269 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Palacios-Salgado et al. 2014:237 [ref. 36362], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], González-Murcia et al. 2019:306 [ref. 36544], Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus exsul (Fowler 1944). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California (Mexico) south to Panama. Habitat: marine.

flavicauda, Hyporthodus Gill [T. N.] 1861:98 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 13; ref. 1772] Newport, Rhode Island, U.S.A. Syntypes: (2). •Synonym of Epinephelus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:204 [ref. 21042]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

flavolimbatus, Epinephelus Poey [F.] 1865:183 [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 1; ref. 13954] Matanzas, Cuba. No types known. •Valid as Epinephelus flavolimbatus Poey 1865 -- (Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:300 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:133 [ref. 23100], Bullock & Smith 1991:91 [ref. 36591], Cervigón 1991:330 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:105 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:427 [ref. 23827], Heemstra & Randall 1993:155 [ref. 21042], Grace et al. 1994:20 [ref. 25512], Musick et al. 2000:16 [ref. 24959], Heemstra et al. 2003:1341 [ref. 27060], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:76 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:144 [ref. 28815]). •Valid as Hyporthodus flavolimbatus (Poey 1865) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:270 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:520 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:118 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus flavolimbatus (Poey 1865). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

griseofasciatus, Hyporthodus Moore [G. I.], Wakefield [C. B.], DiBattista [J. D.] & Newman [S. J.] 2022:6, Fig. 1 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 101 (no. 6); ref. 39791] Two Peoples Bay canyon, Western Australia, 35°17'S, 118°05'E, depth 76 meters. Holotype: WAM P.34886-001. Paratypes: (13) CSIRO, WAM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Hyporthodus griseofasciatus Moore, Wakefield, DiBattista & Newman 2022. Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus griseofasciatus Moore, Wakefield, DiBattista & Newman 2022. Epinephelidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: continental shelf of Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

haifensis, Epinephelus Ben-Tuvia [A.] 1953:21, Fig. 14 [Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Sea Fisheries Research Station Haifa No. 8; ref. 257] Off Caesarea, Israel, Mediterranean Sea, depth 120 fathoms. Holotype: HUJ 8604 [ex SFRS M411]. Paratypes: ANSP 128518 (1), BMNH 1955.9.25.5 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:155 [ref. 13621], Golani 2006:25 [ref. 28840]. Declared a nomen protectum by Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354]. •Valid as Epinephelus haifensis Ben-Tuvia 1953 -- (Tortonese 1973:360 [ref. 7192], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:786 [ref. 13676], Heemstra 1991:33 [ref. 19323], Heemstra & Randall 1993:162 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Bressi 2001:281 [ref. 25708], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:79 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:36 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:80 [ref. 29533], Reiner 2019:171 [ref. 38139]). •Incertae sedis in Hyporthodus -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046]). ▐ Valid as Hyporthodus haifensis (Ben Tuvia 1953) -- (Craig et al. 2011:273 [ref. 31786], Heemstra & Anderson in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2396 [ref. 34618], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Carneiro et al. 2019:244 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:86 [ref. 37515], Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354], Golani 2021:41 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:77 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:288 [ref. 39448]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus haifensis (Ben-Tuvia 1953). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

margaritifer, Serranus Günther [A.] 1859:131 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 1; ref. 1961] South America [probably Guyana]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 2015.12.15.1. Also listed was Plate IX. fig. B, but on preface p. vi it is stated, "The Plates referred to, and executed by Mr. Ford, will be published as a separate volume." The figure apparently is Pl. 3B in Boulenger 1895 [ref. 537]. •Synonym of Epinephelus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:204 [ref. 21042]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

merus, Centropristis Poey [F.] 1868:288 [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3505] Matanzas, Cuba. No types known. •Synonym of Epinephelus nigritus (Holbrook 1855) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:201 [ref. 21042]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus nigritus (Holbrook 1855) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus nigritus (Holbrook 1855). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

modestus, Epinephelus Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1909:218 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 6 (pt 3, no. 5); ref. 1650] Durban market, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): SAM 10446. •Synonym of Epinephelus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1986:523 [ref. 5667], Randall & Heemstra 1991:114 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:124 [ref. 21042], Heemstra 2022:52 [ref. 39742]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus chabaudi (Castelnau 1861). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

mystacinus, Serranus Poey [F.] 1852:52, 59, Pl. 10 (fig. 1) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 1; ref. 3497] Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 9991. Paratypes: MCZ 10009 (1) Type catalog: Howell Rivero 1938:190 [ref. 22926] with a holotype. Published April 1852. Records from Japan are based on E. octofasciatus -- (Heemstra et al. 2003:1345 [ref. 27060]). •Valid as Epinephelus mystacinus (Poey 1852) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:172 [ref. 19754], Katayama in Masuda et al. 1984:132 [ref. 6441], Robins & Ray 1986:134 [ref. 23100], Bullock & Smith 1991:114 [ref. 36591], Cervigón 1991:333 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:429 [ref. 23827], Heemstra & Randall 1993:200 [ref. 21042], Grace et al. 1994:27 [ref. 25512], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:321 [ref. 24023], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:209 [ref. 25013], Lopes et al. 2000:87 [ref. 40244], Collette et al. 2003:107 [ref. 26784], Heemstra et al. 2003:1345 [ref. 27060], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:76 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:148 [ref. 28815], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957] as mysticinus). •Valid as Hyporthodus mystacinus (Poey 1852) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:274 [ref. 31786], Kumar et al. 2012:115 [ref. 32541], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:40 [ref. 33341], Pinheiro et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34324], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Sánchez-Jiménez et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36248], Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354], Carvalho-Filho 2023:119 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus mystacinus (Poey 1852). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Espirito Santo (Brazil); eastern Pacific: Cocos Island, Paramount Seamount, Galápagos Islands (Ecuador) and coastal Ecuador. Habitat: marine.

nigritus, Serranus Holbrook [J. E.] 1855:177, Pl. 25 (fig. 2) [Ichthyology of South Carolina; ref. 2184] Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 13468. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:155 [ref. 13621]. Also appeared in second edition, 1860:173, Pl. 25 (fig. 2). •Valid as Epinephelus nigritus (Holbrook 1855) -- (Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:299 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:134 [ref. 23100], Bullock & Smith 1991:116 [ref. 36591], Cervigón 1991:333 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:106 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:429 [ref. 23827], Heemstra & Randall 1993:201 [ref. 21042], Bussing & López S. 1994:92 [ref. 23101], Grace et al. 1994:28 [ref. 25512], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:285 [ref. 24545], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:264 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:210 [ref. 25013], Musick et al. 2000:16 [ref. 24959], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:157 [ref. 27754], Heemstra et al. 2003:1346 [ref. 27060], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:76 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:149 [ref. 28815]). •Valid as Hyporthodus nigritus (Holbrook 1855) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:276 [ref. 32786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Pinheiro et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34324], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Spier et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36103], Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:521 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:118 [ref. 40480], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:117 [ref. 40726]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus nigritus (Holbrook 1855). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to São Paulo (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

niphobles, Epinephelus Gilbert [C. H.] & Starks [E. C.] in Gilbert 1897:442 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1115); ref. 1629] Magdalena Bay, Baja California, Mexico, 24°35'30"N, 112°05'W, Albatross station 3041. Holotype (unique): USNM 47582. •Valid as Epinephelus niphobles Gilbert & Starks 1897 -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:203 [ref. 21042], Allen & Robertson 1994:109 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:92 [ref. 23101], Heemstra in Fischer et al. 1995:1596 [ref. 22830], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:285 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:323 [ref. 24023], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:354 [ref. 24555], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:211 [ref. 25013], Lea & Rosenblatt 2000:121 [ref. 25206], Thomson et al. 2000:83 [ref. 25640], Heemstra et al. 2003:1347 [ref. 27060], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:111 [ref. 37547], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:397 [ref. 34894]). •Valid as Hyporthodus niphobles (Gilbert & Starks 1897) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:278 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:608 [ref. 34923], Fourriére et al. 2016:444 [ref. 34668], Kells et al. 2016:226 [ref. 35888], Robertson et al. 2017:85 [ref. 35676], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Sánchez-Jiménez et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36248], Burton & Lea 2019:73 [ref. 37205], Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Love et al. 2021:146 [ref. 39279], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:321 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus niphobles (Gilbert & Starks 1897). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: central California (U.S.A.) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

niveatus, Serranus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828:380 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 2; ref. 997] Brazil. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-7318 to 0000-7319 (2, 2). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:32 [ref. 19232]. •Valid as Epinephelus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:197 [ref. 9277], Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:302 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:134 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:364 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:138 [ref. 14674], Bullock & Smith 1991:118 [ref. 36591], Cervigón 1991:334 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:107 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:429 [ref. 23827], Heemstra & Randall 1993:204 [ref. 21042], Grace et al. 1994:29 [ref. 25512], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:210 [ref. 25013], Musick et al. 2000:16 [ref. 24959], Thomson et al. 2000:84 [ref. 25640], Heemstra et al. 2003:1347 [ref. 27060], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:76 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:128 [ref. 27807], Dennis et al. 2004:74 [ref. 31601], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:150 [ref. 28815]). •Valid as Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:280 [ref. 31786], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:171 [ref. 32953], Pinheiro et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34324], Nión et al. 2016:46 [ref. 35565] as Hyportodus, Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Spier et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:7 [ref. 36717], Klautau et al. 2020:9 [ref. 37903], Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:522 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:118 [ref. 40480], Ceríaco et al. 2023:56 [ref. 40710], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to Uruguay, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

octocinctus, Serranus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1843:7, Pl. 4A (fig. 2) [Fauna Japonica Part 1; ref. 4370] Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 123. Paralectotypes: RMNH 124 (1). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:23 [ref. 12876]. •Synonym of Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793) -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:250 [ref. 19601]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

octofasciatus, Epinephelus Griffin [L. T.] 1926:540, Pl. 95 [Transactions of the New Zealand Institute v. 56; ref. 15589] Arid Island, off the northeastern coast of Great Barrier Island, Auckland District, New Zealand. Holotype (unique): AIM MA 259. Trnski personal communication (12/1/2017) on type status. •Valid as Epinephelus octofasciatus Griffin 1926 -- (Paulin et al. 1989:175 [ref. 24556], Randall & Heemstra 1991:217 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:206 [ref. 21042], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:x [ref. 21953], Kuiter 1993:133 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:160 [ref. 25479], Carpenter et al. 1997:145 [ref. 23922], Adam et al. 1998:12 [ref. 23610], Fricke 1999:196 [ref. 24106], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2545 [ref. 24815], Nakabo 2000:714 [ref. 25086], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:609 [ref. 25122], Randall & Earle 2000:11 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:30 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:714 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S104 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:621 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:12 [ref. 27624], Hoese et al. 2006:1015 [ref. 28999], Fricke et al. 2009:46 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:385 [ref. 31242], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:5 [ref. 33988], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:113 [ref. 36167], Roberts 2015:1187 [ref. 34193], Koeda et al. 2016:27 [ref. 35333], Sonoyama et al. 2020:55 [ref. 37637]). •Valid as Hyporthodus octofasciatus (Griffin 1926) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:282 [ref. 31786], Kumar et al. 2012:113 [ref. 32541], Psomadakis et al. 2015:201 [ref. 34104], Fricke et al. 2018:154 [ref. 35805], Ma & Craig 2018:456 [ref. 36100], Eagderi et al. 2019:109 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:121 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:71 [ref. 36871], Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354], Akhilesh et al. 2021:54 [ref. 38701], Koeda et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38857], Heemstra 2022:73 [ref. 39742], Moore et al. 2022:11 [ref. 39791], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:689 [ref. 40722]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus octofasciatus (Griffin 1926). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Gulf of Aden, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia), north to Japan, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), New Caledonia, northern New Zealand, Kermadec Islands and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

perplexus, Epinephelus Randall [J. E.], Hoese [D. F.] & Last [P. R.] in Randall & Heemstra 1991:222, Fig. 116 [Indo-Pacific Fishes No. 20; ref. 19601] 36.5 miles northeast of Cape Moreton, Queensland, Australia, depth 70-75 fathoms. Holotype (unique): AMS E.2116. Replacement name for Epinephelus thompsoni Whitley 1948, secondarily preoccupied by Stereolepoides thompsoni Fowler 1923 when both are in Epinephelus. •Valid as Epinephelus perplexus Randall, Hoese & Last 1991 -- (Randall et al. 1993:30 [ref. 21004], Heemstra & Randall 1993:210 [ref. 21042], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2545 [ref. 24815], Hoese et al. 2006:1016 [ref. 28999]). •Incertae sedis in Hyporthodus -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046]). •Valid as Hyporthodus perplexus (Randall, Hoese & Last 1991) -- (Craig et al. 2011:285 [ref. 31786], Ma & Craig 2018:456 [ref. 36100] as incertae sedis, Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354], Moore et al. 2022:14 [ref. 39791]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus perplexus (Randall, Hoese & Last 1991). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: southern Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

peruanus, Epinephelus Chirichigno F. [N.] 1963:44, Fig. 37 B [Serie de Divulgación Cientifica, Servicio de Pesquería, Ministerio de Agricultura, Lima, No. 22; ref. 4500] Puerto Pizarro, Peru. Holotype: MHNJP [= MUSM] P 1173. Paratypes: ?MHNJP [SP 537] (1). •Questionably a synonym of Epinephelus niphobles Gilbert & Starks 1897 -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:203 [ref. 21042]). •Synonym of Epinephelus niphobles Gilbert & Starks 1897 -- (Heemstra in Fischer et al. 1995:1596 [ref. 22830]). •Valid as Epinephelus peruanus Chirichigno F. 1963 -- (Evseenko 1996:727 [ref. 24666], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:359 [ref. 24555]). •Valid as Hyporthodus peruanus (Chirichigno F. 1963) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus peruanus (Chirichigno F. 1963). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Peru. Habitat: marine.

popino, Cephalopholis Walford [L. A.] 1936:3 [Occasional Papers of the Santa Barbara Museum v. 4; ref. 13272] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Holotype: USNM 100979. Paratypes: USNM 80257 (1). •Valid as Cephalopholis popino Walford 1936 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:38 [ref. 39147]). •Synonym of Epinephelus acanthistius (Gilbert 1892) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:102 [ref. 21042], Heemstra in Fischer et al. 1995:1590 [ref. 22830]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus acanthistius (Gilbert 1892) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:84 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus acanthistius (Gilbert 1892). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

quernus, Epinephelus Seale [A.] 1901:3, Fig. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 14358] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): BPBM 481. •Valid as Epinephelus quernus Seale 1901 -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:238 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:218 [ref. 21042], Mundy 2005:348 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:197 [ref. 30952]). •Valid as Hyporthodus quernus (Seale 1901) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:286 [ref. 31786], Ma & Craig 2018:456 [ref. 36100], Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus quernus (Seale 1901). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll and Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

scholanderi, Alphestes Walters [V.] 1957:283, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1957 (no. 4); ref. 12175] West of Bimini, Bahamas, depth 1300 feet. Holotype: AMNH 19925 (complete skeleton). Paratypes: AMNH 19924 (1, neurocranium), 19926 (1, skull and fin girdles), 20230 (1). •Synonym of Epinephelus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:204 [ref. 21042], Heemstra et al. 2003:1347 [ref. 27060]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes 1828). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

septemfasciata, Perca Thunberg [C. P.] 1793:56, Pl. 1 [Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar, Stockholm v. 14 (for 1793); ref. 17917] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZMUU 280. Type catalog: Wallin 1996:62 [ref. 32133]. Originally as Perca 7-fasciata, correction mandatory. Apparently preoccupied by Perca septemfasciata Walbaum 1792, but it is suggested that Perca septemfasciata Thunberg 1793 be maintained based on current usage. •Valid as Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793) -- (Katayama in Masuda et al. 1984:132 [ref. 6441], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1985:475, 671 [ref. 8056], Heemstra & Randall 1986:531 [ref. 5667], Paxton et al. 1989:498 [ref. 12442] as septemfasciata, Winterbottom et al. 1989:26 [ref. 13251], Lee 1990:54 [ref. 19830], Randall & Heemstra 1991:250 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:227 [ref. 21042], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:323 [ref. 24023], Nakabo 2000:714 [ref. 25086], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:610 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:492 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:11 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:30 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:714 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:310, 592 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:430 [ref. 28370], Motomura et al. 2010:98 [ref. 31256], Shinohara et al. 2011:48 [ref. 31715], Shinohara et al. 2014:259 [ref. 33330], Koeda et al. 2016:27 [ref. 35333], Sonoyama et al. 2020:55 [ref. 37637]). •Valid as Hyporthodus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:289 [ref. 31786], Kumar et al. 2012:115 [ref. 32541], Ma & Craig 2018:456 [ref. 36100], Kim et al. 2020:115 [ref. 39118], Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: China to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

susuki, Plectropoma Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828:404 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 2; ref. 997] Japan. Holotype (unique): ZMB 285 (stuffed). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:44 [ref. 19232]. •Synonym of Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793) -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:250 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:227 [ref. 21042]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus septemfasciatus (Thunberg 1793). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

thompsoni, Epinephelus Whitley [G. P.] 1948:89 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 22 (no. 1); ref. 4710] 36.5 miles northeast of Cape Moreton, Queensland, Australia, depth 70-75 fathoms. Holotype (unique): AMS E.2116. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Stereolepoides thompsoni Fowler 1923 when both are in Epinephelus, replaced by Epinephelus perplexus Randall, Hoese & Last 1991. •Status uncertain -- (Paxton et al. 1989:508 [ref. 12442]). •Synonym of Epinephelus perplexus Randall, Hoese & Last 1991 -- (Randall et al. 1993:30 [ref. 21004], Heemstra & Randall 1993:210 [ref. 21042], Hoese et al. 2006:1016 [ref. 28999]). •Synonym of Hyporthodus perplexus (Randall, Hoese & Last 1991) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:86 [ref. 37354]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Hyporthodus perplexus (Randall, Hoese & Last 1991). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.