Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Hypsolebias: [ 56 ] records

adornatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2000:9, Figs. 1-2 [Aquarium (Brasil) v. 3 (no. 25); ref. 25933] Temporary pool, near Sítio do Mato, rio São Francisco basin, Bahia State, Brazil, 13°00'46.1"S, 43°28'50.0"W, elevation 463 meters. Holotype: MZUSP 54563. Paratypes: MCP 22262 (20); MZUSP 54564 (10); UFRJ 4805-07 (18, 1, 8), 5188-89 (20, 10). •Valid as Simpsonichthys adornatus Costa 2000 -- (Costa in Reis et al. 2003:540 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:85 [ref. 29445], Nielsen et al. 2010:57 [ref. 30828]). •Valid as Hypsolebias adornatus (Costa 2000) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Costa 2013;141 [ref. 33008], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias adornatus (Costa 2000). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

alternatus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1994:7, Fig. 4 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 21 (no. 1/2); ref. 21598] João Pinheiro, near Rio Paracatú, near city of Brasilândia, Rio São Francisco basin, about 17°02'52.0"S, 46°01'34.0"W, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, elevation 560 meters. Holotype: MNRJ 12523. Paratypes: MNRJ 12524 (2); MZUSP 46082 (3); UFRJ 2129-30 (1, 11), 2131 (4, c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys alternatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Costa & Nielsen 2000:7 [ref. 24442], Lazara 2001:295 [ref. 25711], Costa 2003:51 [ref. 26768], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:540 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:122 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874]). •Valid as Hypsolebias alternatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias alternatus (Costa & Brasil 1994). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Paracatu River floodplains, São Francisco River basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

antenori, Cynolebias Tulipano [J.] 1973:23 [Killie Notes, American Killifish Association v. 6 (no. 11); ref. 20289] Temporary pool, 2.5 kilometers north of Limoeiro do Norte, rio Jaguaribe floodplains, about 5°10'S, 38°05'W, Ceará, northeastern Brazil. Neotype: MZUSP 56256. Appeared first without distinguishing features in Myers 1952:139 [ref. 3125] as a nomen nudum. Neotype designated by Costa 2003:38 [ref. 26758]. See Huber 2006:22 [ref. 28935] for a different point of view. •Valid as Cynolebias antenori Tulipano 1973 -- (Costa 1995:57 [ref. 22097], Murphy & Collier 1997:797 [ref. 25585]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys antenori (Tulipano 1973) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:295 [ref. 25711], Costa 2003:38 [ref. 26758], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:540 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:26 [ref. 28771], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:96 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias antenori (Tulipano 1973) -- (Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:73 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Loureiro et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36240], Abrantes et al. 2020:306 [ref. 37698], Abrantes et al. 2023:559 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias antenori (Tulipano 1973). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Jaguaribe floodplains, Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

auratus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Nielsen [D. T. B.] 2000:8, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 24442] Temporary pool close to rio Taboca, a tributary of rio Paracatú, rio São Francisco basin, Lagoa Grande, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 52912. Paratypes: MZUSP 52913 (3); UFRJ 4666 (3), 4667 (10, c&s), 4668 (10); UMMZ 234240 (2); plus non-type material. •Valid as Simpsonichthys auratus Costa & Nielsen 2000 -- (Lazara 2001:295 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:540 [ref. 27061], Costa 2005:63 [ref. 28575], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:79 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias auratus (Costa & Nielsen 2000) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias auratus (Costa & Nielsen 2000). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Taboca River floodplains, Paracatu River drainage, middle São Francisco River basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

bonita, Hypsolebias Abrantes [Y. G.], Ramos [T. P. A.], Bento [D. M.] & Lima [S. M. Q.] 2023:552, Figs. 5-6, 8C [Zootaxa 5389 (no. 5); ref. 40706] Córrego Virgílio microbasin, Baraúna Municipality, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, 05°02'55"S, 37°30'15"W. Holotype: MNRJ 54899. Paratypes: MZUSP, UFRN. •Valid as Hypsolebias bonita Abrantes, Ramos, Bento & Lima 2023. Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias bonita Abrantes, Ramos, Bento & Lima 2023. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: córrego Virgílio microbasin and the floodplains of the Rio Apodi-Mossoró basin, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

brunoi, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2003:55, Fig. 13 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 14 (no. 1); ref. 26758] Temporary pool near the city of Vila Boa, ribeirão Canabrava floodplains, upper rio Urucuia drainage [actual is rio Paraná drainage], rio São Francisco basin, 15°03'0.4"S, 47°04'3.3"W, Goiás State, Brazil, elevation 449 meters. Holotype: MCP 28576. Paratypes: MCP 28577 (7); UFRJ 5412-14 (8, 15, 17). •Valid as Simpsonichthys brunoi Costa 2003 -- (Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:100 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874]). •Valid as Hypsolebias brunoi (Costa 2003) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2012:70 [ref. 32283], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias brunoi (Costa 2003). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Cababrava River floodplains, Paraná River drainage, São Francisco River basin, Goiás, central Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

caeruleus, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2013:142, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 33008] Estado da Bahia, Município de Itaguacu de Bahia, seasonal pool in the floodplains of the lower Verde River, a right tributary of the middle São Francisco River, about 30 km N of the town of Itaguacu, 10°43'20"S, 42°20'30"W, Brazil, elevation 414 meters. Holotype: UFRI 6864. Paratypes: UFRJ 6855 (3), 6854 (3), 6827 (2). •Valid as Hypsolebias caeruleus Costa 2013 -- (Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias caeruleus Costa 2013. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Verde (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

carlettoi, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Nielsen [D. T. B.] 2004:126, Figs. 1-3 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 8 (no. 3); ref. 27825] Temporary pool near Guanambi, off the road to Malhada, 14°13.989'S, 42°57.667'W, Bahia State, Brazil, elevation about 500 meters. Holotype: MCP 34089. Paratypes: UFRJ 5945 (2, 1 c&s), 5946 (1). •Valid as Hypsolebias carlettoi (Costa & Nielsen 2004) -- (Costa 2010:1999 [ref. 30858], but misspelled carletoi). •Valid as Simpsonichthys carlettoi Costa & Nielsen 2004 -- (Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:89 [ref. 29445], Costa 2010:77 [ref. 30777]). •Valid as Hypsolebias carlettoi (Costa & Nielsen 2004) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Costa et al. 2018:499 [ref. 36319], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias carlettoi (Costa & Nielsen 2004). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio das Rãs drainage, São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

coamazonicus, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.], Amorim [P. F.] & Bragança [P. H. N.] 2014:4, Figs. 2a, 4 [Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research = Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung v. 52 (no. 1); ref. 32952] Estado do Maranáo, Município de Araioses, seasonal pool close to the road between Pirangi and Araioses, Parnaíba River floodplains, 3°05'02"S, 41°53'56"W, Brazil, altitude about 20 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 8812. Paratypes: UFRJ 8760 (4), 8811 (3). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Hypsolebias coamazonicus Costa, Amorim & Bragança 2014 -- (Ramos et al. 2014:4 [ref. 35321], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Koerber et al. 2022:75 [ref. 39235], Abrantes et al. 2023:560 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias coamazonicus Costa, Amorim & Bragança 2014. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Parnaíba River floodplains (northeastern Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

delucai, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2003:49, Fig. 9 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 14 (no. 1); ref. 26758] Temporary pool near the city of Urucuia, rio Urucuia floodplains, rio São Francisco basin, about 16°08'S, 45°45'W, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, elevation 498 meters. Holotype: MCP 28572. Paratypes: MCP 28573 (1); UFRJ 5426-27 (17, 4). •Valid as Simpsonichthys delucai Costa 2003 -- (Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:120 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874]). •Valid as Hypsolebias delucai (Costa 2003) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias delucai (Costa 2003). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Urucuia River floodplains, São Francisco River basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

faouri, Hypsolebias Britzke [R.], Nielsen [D. T. B.] & Oliveira [C.] 2016:125, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa 4114 (no. 2); ref. 34461] Bahia, Prazeres, Rio Preto, Rio São Francisco basin, Brazil, 11°23'24.8"S, 44°54'11.2W, altitude 522 meters. Holotype: ZUEC 10796. Paratypes: LBP, ZUEC. •Valid as Hypsolebias faouri Britzke, Nielsen & Oliveira 2016 -- (Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809], Abrantes et al. 2023:549 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias faouri Britzke, Nielsen & Oliveira 2016. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Preto floodplains, Rio São Francisco basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

fasciatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 2006:46, Figs. 4-5 [Zootaxa No. 1244; ref. 28725] Temporary pool about 2 kilometers from right bank of rio Preto, rio Paracatu drainage, rio São Francisco basin, about 16°41'30"S, 46°30'00"W, Unaí, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil, elevation about 550 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6339. Paratypes: MCP 39436 (3); UFRJ 6340 (7), 6341 (4, c&s), 6372 (7), 6377 (1). •Valid as Simpsonichthys fasciatus Costa & Brasil 2006 -- (Costa 2007:124 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874]). •Valid as Hypsolebias fasciatus (Costa & Brasil 2006) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias fasciatus (Costa & Brasil 2006). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle Preto River drainage, São Francisco River basin, Unaí, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

flagellatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2003:46, Fig. 8 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 14 (no. 1); ref. 26758] Temporary pool 12 kilometers west of Bom Jesus da Lapa, 13°15'43.2"S, 43°31'37.2"W, Bahia State, Brazil, elevation 449 meters. Holotype: MCP 28578. Paratypes: MCP 28579 (5); UFRJ 4788 (54), 4881 (10, 5 c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys flagellatus Costa 2003 -- (Costa 2006:26 [ref. 28771], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:110 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias flagellatus (Costa 2003) -- (Costa & Amorim 2011:99 [ref. 31380], Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:72, 87 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias flagellatus (Costa 2003). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: middle São Fancisco River basin (Minas Gerais and Bahia, Brazil) [but is a complex of several species [ref. 31845]]. Habitat: freshwater.

flammeus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 1989:185, Fig. 1 [Comunicações do Museu de Ciências da PUCRS, Série Zoologia v. 2 (no. 9); ref. 14323] Marsh at junction of Rio Bezerra and Rio Paraná, Arraias, Tocantins, Brazil [ca. 13°10'S, 47°00'W, elevation about 450 meters]. Holotype: MNRJ 11552. Paratypes: MCP 12795 (2), MNRJ 11553 (3). •Valid as Cynolebias flammeus Costa 1989 -- (Costa 1995:51 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys flammeus (Costa 1989) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:297 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:128 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874]). •Valid as Hypsolebias flammeus (Costa 1989) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2012:70 [ref. 32283], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias flammeus (Costa 1989). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle Tocantins River basin, Tocantins, central Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

flavicaudatus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1990:18, Figs. 4-5 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 14543] Vicinity of Lagoa Grande, County of Santa Maria da Boa Vista, Pernambuco, Brazil, about 9°00'S, 40°20'W, elevation 300 meters. Holotype: MZUSP 40129. Paratypes: MHNM 3252 (1), MNRJ 11556 (1), MZUSP 40130 (1). •Valid as Cynolebias flavicaudus Costa & Brasil 1990 -- (Costa 1995:55 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys flavicaudatus (Costa & Brasil 1990) -- (Costa et al. 1996:19 [ref. 22219], Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:297 [ref. 25711], Costa 2003:44 [ref. 26768], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:26 [ref. 28771], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:108 [ref. 29445], Endruweit 2009:61 [ref. 30288]). •Valid as Hypsolebias flavicaudatus (Costa & Brasil 1990) -- (Costa & Amorim 2011:99 [ref. 31380], Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:72 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2012:72, 77 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Loureiro et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias flavicaudatus (Costa & Brasil 1990). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River basin, Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

fulminantis, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1993:194, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 21101] Swamp near Guanambi [14°15'15.6"S, 42°46'55.6"W, elevation 555 meters], Estado da Bahia, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 43674. Paratypes: MZUSP 43675 (2); UFRJ 685 (2), 686 (3). •Synonym of Cynolebias hellneri Berkenkamp 1993 -- (Costa 1995:125 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys fulminantis (Costa & Brasil 1993) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:297 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa & Nielsen 2004:126 [ref. 27825], Costa & Nielsen 2004:126 [ref. 27825], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:87 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias fulminantis (Costa & Brasil 1993) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Costa et al. 2018:501 [ref. 36319], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias fulminantis (Costa & Brasil 1993). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: upper Carnaiba de Dentro River drainage, São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

gardneri, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.], Amorim [P. F.] & Mattos [J. L. O.] 2018:146, Figs. 2, 5B [ZooKeys No. 777; ref. 36034] Temporary pool near road BR-030, about 8 km NE of the village of Malhada, São Francisco River floodplains, Malhada municipality, Bahia State, Brazil, 14°17'39"S, 43°42'32"W, elevation about 440 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 11859. Paratypes: CICCAA, UFRJ. •Valid as Hypsolebias gardneri Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2018 -- (Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias gardneri Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2018. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: middle São Francisco River basin (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

ghisolfii, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.], Cyrino [A. L. F.] & Nielsen [D. T. B.] 1996:18, Figs. 1-3 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 23 (no. 1/2); ref. 22219] Guanambí, 14°15'15.6"S, 42°46'55.6"W, Bahia, Brazil, elevation 555 meters. Holotype: MZUSP 49403. Paratypes: MZUSP 49404 (1); UFRJ 3526-27 (2, 2). •Valid as Simpsonichthys ghisolfii Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen 1996 -- (Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:297 [ref. 25711], Costa 2003:41 [ref. 26768], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:26 [ref. 28771], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:104 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias ghisolfii (Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen 1996) -- (Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143] aas ghrisolfi, Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias ghisolfii (Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen 1996). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio das Rãs drainage, São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

gibberatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 2006:50, Figs. 6-7 [Zootaxa No. 1244; ref. 28725] Temporary pool about 2 kilometers from right bank of rio Preto, rio Paracatu drainage, rio São Francisco basin, about 16°41'30"S, 46°30'00"W, Unaí, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil, elevation about 550 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6373. Paratypes: MCP 39437 (4); UFRJ 6374 (11), 6375 (6, c&s). •Valid as Hypsolebias gibberatus (Costa & Brasil 2006) -- (Costa 2010:1999 [ref. 30858], misspelled as gibbus). •Valid as Simpsonichthys gibberatus Costa & Brasil 2006 -- (Costa 2007:72 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias gibberatus (Costa & Brasil 2006) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias gibberatus (Costa & Brasil 2006). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle Preto River drainage, São Francisco River basin, Unaí, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

gilbertobrasili, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] in Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2012:81, Figs. 6, 13 [Systematics and Biodiversity v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 31845] Seasonal swamp about 35 km south of the town of Bom Jesus da Lapa, road BA-090, middle São Francisco River basin, 13°34'49"S, 43°22'39"W, Estado da Bahia, Brazil, elevation 442 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 8325. Paratypes: BMNH 2011.11.1.7-8 (2); UFRJ 2195 (19), 3160 (4, c&s), 6800 (1). •Valid as Hypsolebias gilbertobrasili Costa 2012 -- (Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias gilbertobrasili Costa 2012. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

gongobira, Hypsolebias Abrantes [Y. G.], Ramos [T. P. A.], Bento [D. M.] & Lima [S. M. Q.] 2023:549, Figs. 2-3, 8A [Zootaxa 5389 (no. 5); ref. 40706] Temporary pool near Rio Pacoti, Aquiraz Municipality, Ceará State, Brazil, 03°53'48"S, 38°24'17"W. Holotype: MNRJ 54900. Paratypes: MZUSP, UFRN. •Valid as Hypsolebias gongobira Abrantes, Ramos, Bento & Lima 2023. Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias gongobira Abrantes, Ramos, Bento & Lima 2023. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: floodplains of the Rio Pacoti, Ceará State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

guanambi, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Amorim [P. F.] 2011:101, Figs. 2-3 [Vertebrate Zoology v. 61 (no. 1); ref. 31380] Seasonal pool close to road BR-030, 14 km west of the city of Guanambi, upper Camaíba de Dentro River drainage, São Francisco River basin, 14°13'42"S, 42°55'12"W, Município de Guanambi, Estado da Bahia, Brazil. Holotype: UFRJ 6861. Paratypes: UFRJ 6072 (2), 6783 (2), 6862 (4, c&s), 6782 (8). In this paper, the author treated Hypsolebias as a species-complex, presumably in Simpsonichthys, but treated Hypsolebias as a valid genus. •Valid as Hypsolebias guanambi Costa & Amorim 2011 -- (Costa et al. 2012:72, 81 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias guanambi Costa & Amorim 2011. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

hamadryades, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.], Amorim [P. F.] & Mattos [J. L. O.] 2018:149, Figs. 4, 5C [ZooKeys No. 777; ref. 36034] Temporary pool near road MG-401 at the town of Janaúba, floodplains of Gorutuba River, Verde Grande River drainage, São Francisco River basin, Janaúba municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, 15°48'06"S, 43°19'19"W, elevation about 530 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6893. Paratypes: UFRJ. •Valid as Hypsolebias hamadryades Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2018. Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias hamadryades Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2018. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

harmonicus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2010:74, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 21 (no. 1); ref. 30777] Seasonal pool close to road BR-349, ca. 12 kilometers of the left bank of São Francisco River, 13°15'42"S, 43°31'28"W, Município de Bom Jesus da Lapa, Estado de Bahia, Brazil. Holotype: UFRJ 6696. Paratypes: UFRJ 6697 (14), 6698 (4, c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys harmonicus Costa 2010. •Valid as Hypsolebias harmonicus (Costa 2010) -- (Costa 2011:221 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:73 [ref. 31845], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Costa et al. 2018:155 [ref. 36034], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias harmonicus (Costa 2010). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: floodplains of São Francisco River (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

hellneri, Cynolebias Berkenkamp [H. O.] 1993:8, Figs. [Das Aquarium v. 27 (no. 290); ref. 21369] Pond by the road Manga to Itacarambi, about 10.5 kilometers before Itacarambi, Municipio (Bezirk) Manga, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP. Paratypes: MZUSP (1); SMF 18445-46 (11, 9). •Valid as Cynolebias hellneri Berkenkamp 1993 -- (Costa 1995:125 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys hellneri (Berkenkamp 1993) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:297 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa & Nielsen 2004:130 [ref. 27825], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:81 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias hellneri (Berkenkamp 1993) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:73 [ref. 31845], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Loureiro et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36240], Costa et al. 2018:499 [ref. 36319]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias hellneri (Berkenkamp 1993). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

heloplites, Cynolebias Huber [J. H.] 1981:1, Fig. [Killi Revue v. 8 (no. 5) (Suppl.); ref. 8591] Lagoa at kilometer 76 from route Fortalaza-Russas, Ceará, Brazil. Holotype: MNHN 1981-1211. Paratypes: MNHN 1981-1212 (6). •Synonym of Cynolebias antenori Tulipano 1973 -- (Costa 1995:57 [ref. 22097], Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271]). •Synonym of Simpsonichthys antenori (Tulipano 1973) -- (Lazara 2001:295 [ref. 25711], Costa 2003:38 [ref. 26768], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:540 [ref. 27061], Costa 2007:96 [ref. 29445]). •Synonym of Hypsolebias antenori (Tulipano 1973) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Synonym of Hypsolebias antenori (Tulipano 1973). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

igneus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2000:10, Figs. 3-4 [Aquarium (Brasil) v. 3 (no. 25); ref. 25933] Temporary pool close to Igarité, 22 kilometers north of Igarité, 11°28'8.4"S, 43°17'13.4'W, São Francisco basin, Bahia, Brazil, elevation 433 meters. Holotype: MZUSP 56254. Paratypes: MCP 23669 (8); MZUSP 56255 (8); UFRJ 4857 (100), 4868-70 (18, 10, 62), 4872 (33), 4877 (14), 5190-93 (15, 6, 10, 10). •Valid as Simpsonichthys igneus Costa 2000 -- (Costa 2003:43 [ref. 26768], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:26 [ref. 28771], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:106 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias igneus (Costa 2000) -- (Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:73 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809], Abrantes et al. 2023:549 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias igneus (Costa 2000). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: floodplains of the São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

janaubensis, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:27, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa No. 1306; ref. 28771] Rio Gorutuba floodplains, rio Verde Grande drainage, middle rio São Francisco basin, Janaúba, 15°48'05.9"S, 43°19'13.5", western Minas Gerais State Brazil, elevation 556 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 5409 (male). Paratypes: MCP 40138 (5); UFRJ 5409 (2 females), 5410 (6, c&s), 5411 (24), 6076 (10). •Valid as Simpsonichthys janaubensis Costa 2006 -- (Costa 2007:113 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias janaubensis (Costa 2006) -- (Costa & Amorim 2011:99 [ref. 31380], Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:72, 84 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Loureiro et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias janaubensis (Costa 2006). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Gorutuba River floodplains, Verde Grande River drainage, São Francisco River basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

longignatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2008:156, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 19 (no. 2); ref. 29874] Seasonal swamp in the Pacoti River floodplains, road CE-040, about 25 kilometers from Fortaleza, 3°53'51"S, 38°24'13"W, Municépio de Aquiraz, Estado do Ceará, Brazil. Holotype: UFRJ 6614. Paratypes: UFRJ 6615 (9), 6616 (4, c&s). •Valid as Hypsolebias longignatus Costa 2008 -- (Costa 2011:221 [ref. 31654], Abrantes et al. 2020:306 [ref. 37698], Abrantes et al. 2023:558 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias longignatus (Costa 2008). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: swamp next to Rio Pacoti, an isolated coastal basin, Ceará (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

lopesi, Simpsonichthys Nielsen [D. T. B.], Shibatta [O. A.], Suzart [R. dos R.] & Martín [A. F.] 2010:52, Figs. 1-3 [Zootaxa No. 2452; ref. 30828] Locality of Javi, temporary pool near the riacho de Santana, rio São Francisco basin, 12°12'04.6"S, 43°39'27.8'W, City of Muquém de São Francisco, northeastern Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 103102. Paratypes: MZUEL 5177 (13, 4 c&s); MZUSP 103103 (5). •Valid as Simpsonichthys lopesi Nielsen, Shibatta, Suzart & Martín 2010. •Valid as Hypsolebias lopesi Nielsen, Shibatta, Suzart & Martín 2010 -- (Costa 2011:221 [ref. 31654], Costa 2013:142 [ref. 33008], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias lopesi (Nielsen, Shibatta, Suzart & Martín 2010). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio São Francisco basin (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

lulai, Hypsolebias Ramos [T. P. A.], Nielsen [D. T. B.], Abrantes [Y. G.], Lira [F. O.] & Lustosa-Costa [S. Y.] 2023:4, Figs. 1-2, 6 [Neotropical Ichthyology v. 21 (no. 3): e230068; ref. 40546] Capim Grosso Lagoon, Recanto II settlement, Trairi River basin, Lagoa Salgada Municipality, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, 06°10'S, 35°31'W. Holotype: UFPB 14713. Paratypes: UFPB, UFRN. •Valid as Hypsolebias lulai Ramos, Nielsen, Abrantes, Lira & Lustosa-Costa 2023. Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias lulai Ramos, Nielsen, Abrantes, Lira & Lustosa-Costa 2023. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: pools in Lagoa Salgada Municipality, Trairi River drainage, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

macaubensis, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Suzart [R. dos R.] in Costa 2006:34, Figs. 7-8 [Zootaxa No. 1306; ref. 28771] Temporary pool near Macaúbas, rio Paramirim drainage, rio São Francisco basin, about 13°00'S, 42°30'W, Estado da Bahia, Brazil, elevation 680 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6385. Paratypes: UFRJ 6105 (1), 6106 (12, c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys macaubensis Costa & Suzart 2006 -- (Costa 2007:100 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias macaubensis (Costa & Suzart 2006) -- (Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias macaubensis (Costa & Suzart 2006). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Paramirim River drainage, São Francico River basin, Bahia, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

magnificus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1991:59, Figs. 5-6 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 16651] Right bank plain of the Rio São Francisco, about 1 kilometer from the river channel, County of Manga, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 41374. Paratypes: MZUSP 41375 (9). •Valid as Cynolebias magnificus Costa & Brasil 1991 -- (Costa 1995:53 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys magnificus (Costa & Brasil 1991) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:297 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa & Nielsen 2004:126 [ref. 27825], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:91 [ref. 29445], Costa 2010:77 [ref. 30777]). •Valid as Hypsolebias magnificus (Costa & Brasil 1991) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Costa 2013;141 [ref. 33008], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Costa et al. 2018:155 [ref. 36034]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias magnificus (Costa & Brasil 1991). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River basin, Bahia and Minas Gerais states, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

marginatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1996:94, Figs. 1-2 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 23 (no. 3/4); ref. 22917] Temporary pool near Rio dos Patos, tributary of Rio Maranhao, Rio Tocantins basin, Barro Alto, Goiás State, Brazil [ca. 15°00'S, 49°00'W]. Holotype: MNRJ 12440. Paratypes: MNRJ 12441 (1); MZUSP 50163 (2); UFRJ 3536 (7), 3537 (4, c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys marginatus Costa & Brasil 1996 -- (Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:298 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:116 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874]). •Valid as Hypsolebias marginatus (Costa & Brasil 1996) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias marginatus (Costa & Brasil 1996). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Rio dos Patos floodplain, Tocantins River basin, Goiás, central Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

martinsi, Hypsolebias Britzke [R.], Nielsen [D. T. B.] & Oliveira [C.] 2016:129, Fig. 4 [Zootaxa 4114 (no. 2); ref. 34461] Ceará, Amontada, temporary pool near Rio Icaraizinho, Brazil, 3°11'4.72"S, 39°44'58.3"W, altitude 42 meters. Holotype: ZUEC 10791. Paratypes: LBP, ZUEC. •Valid as Hypsolebias martinsi Britzke, Nielsen & Oliveira 2016 -- (Abrantes et al. 2020:306 [ref. 37698], Abrantes et al. 2023:560 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias martinsi Britzke, Nielsen & Oliveira 2016. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Icaraizinho, Rio Mundaú and Rio Aracatiaçu drainages, Ceará (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

mediopapillatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2006:30, Figs. 4-6 [Zootaxa No. 1306; ref. 28771] Temporary pool, 8 kilometers south of Pindaí, rio São Domingos drainage, tributary to Rio Verde Pequeno, itself a trib to rio Verde Grande, rio São Francisco basin, 14°33'36.7"S. 42°42'09.8:W, Estado da Bahia, Brazil, elevation 628 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 5406. Paratypes: MCP 40139 (3); UFRJ 5407 (3, c&s), 5408 (9), 6064 (12), 6074 (4). •Valid as Simpsonichthys mediopapillatus Costa 2006 -- (Costa 2007:100 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias mediopapillatus (Costa 2006) -- (Costa 2011:222 [ref. 31654], Costa et al. 2012:73 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Nielsen et al. 2014:29 [ref. 33143], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias mediopapillatus (Costa 2006). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Verde Grande drainage, São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

multiradiatus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1994:1, Figs. 1-2 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 21 (no. 1/2); ref. 21597] Temporary pool at Brejinho de Nazar, Tocantins, Brazil, about 10°59'S, 48°38'W, elevation 247 meters. Holotype: MNRJ 12519. Paratypes: MNRJ 12520 (9); MZUSP 46080 (8); UFRJ 2074-76 (7, 6, 8). •Valid as Simpsonichthys multiradiatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:298 [ref. 25711], Costa 2003:52 [ref. 26768], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:126 [ref. 29445], Costa 2008:156 [ref. 29874], Nielsen et al. 2010:57 [ref. 30828]). •Valid as Hypsolebias multiradiatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2012:69 [ref. 32283]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias multiradiatus (Costa & Brasil 1994). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle Tocantins River floodplians, Tocantins, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

nielseni, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2005:58, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa No. 1039; ref. 28575] Temporary pool in Pirapora, São Francisco Rver floodplains, 17°21'59.6"S, 44°56'32.3"W, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil, elevation 500 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6060. Paratypes: MCP 37306 (2); UFRJ 6061 (7), 6062 (5, c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys nielseni Costa 2005 -- (Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:64 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias nielseni (Costa 2005) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias nielseni (Costa 2005). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River floodplains, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

nitens, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] in Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2012:79, Figs. 4, 12 [Systematics and Biodiversity v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 31845] Seasonal lagoon in floodplains of lower Verde River, a right tributary of middle São Francisco River, about 30 km north of the town of Itaguaçu, 10°43'20"S, 42°20'30"W, Bahia State, Brazil, elevation 414 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 8289. Paratypes: BMNH 2011.11.17.9-11 (3); UFRJ 6852 (3), 6853 (12), 8288 (4, c&s). •Valid as Hypsolebias nitens Costa 2012 -- (Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Loureiro et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36240], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias nitens Costa 2012. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: lower Rio Verde basin, São Francisco River system (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

notatus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.], Lacerda [M. T. C.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1990:10, Figs. 1-2 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 16652] Temporary lagoon, Munic. de Alvorada do Norte, Estados de Goiás, Brazil, 14°30'S, 46°42'W. Holotype: MZUSP 39985. Paratypes: MNHN 0000-3251 (2), MNRJ 11559 (2), MZUSP 39986 (3), plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Cynolebias notatus Costa, Lacerda & Brasil 1990 -- (Costa 1995:50 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys notatus (Costa, Lacerda & Brasil 1990) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Costa & Hellner 1999:91 [ref. 23864], Lazara 2001:298 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa & Brasil 2004:2 [ref. 28012], Costa 2005:63 [ref. 28575], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:66 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias notatus (Costa, Lacerda & Brasil 1990) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias notatus (Costa, Lacerda & Brasil 1990). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Upper Tocantins River basin, Goiás, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

nudiorbitatus, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2011:222, Figs. 1-2, 3a, 4a [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 22 (no. 3) [for Sept.]; ref. 31654] Seasonal swamp adjacent to das Jacas Creek, upper Itapicuru River basin, near road BA-381, about 2.5 km from Filadélfia village, 11°22'51"S, 40°00'51"W, Município de Filadélfia, Bahia, Brazil, elevation 415 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6837. Paratypes: UFRJ 6838 (3, c&s), 6839 (1). •Valid as Hypsolebias nudiorbitatus Costa 2011 -- (Costa et al. 2012:73 [ref. 31845], Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809], Abrantes et al. 2023:549 [ref. 40706]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias nudiorbitatus Costa 2011. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: floodplains of the upper Itapicuru River drainage (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

ocellatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.], Nielsen [D. T. B.] & de Luca [A. C.] 2001:25, Fig. [Aquarium (Brasil) v. 4 (no. 26); ref. 25934] Temporary pool in floodplain of Río Jequitinhonha, 1 kilometer west of Itaobim, road BR-367, Minas Geraís State, Brazil [ca. 16°40'S, 41°40'W, elevation about 270 m]. Holotype: MZUSP 61232. Paratypes: MZUSP 61233 (20); UFRJ 5096-97 (9, 60), 5098 (8, c&s), 5099-5102 (4, 38, 52, 208); UMMZ uncat. (24). Also appeared as new with description in Costa & Nielsen 2001:5 [ref. 26580]; earliest not determined. •Valid as Simpsonichthys ocellatus Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001 -- (Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa & Brasil 2004:2 [ref. 28012], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:56 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias ocellatus (Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias ocellatus (Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle Jequitinhonha River floodplains, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

picturatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] 2000:12, Figs. 5-6 [Aquarium (Brasil) v. 3 (no. 25); ref. 25933] Poça temporária perto de Volta das Pedras, rio São Francisco basin, Bahia, Brazil [12°24'08.7"S, 43°12'17.7"W, elevation 445 meters]. Holotype: MZUSP 59228. Paratypes: MZUSP 59229 (8); UFRJ 5053 (46), 5054 (7), 5194 (15), 5194 [sic] (8). •Valid as Simpsonichthys picturatus Costa 2000 -- (Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa & Nielsen 2004:126 [ref. 27825], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:93 [ref. 29445], Costa 2010:77 [ref. 30777]). •Valid as Hypsolebias picturatus (Costa 2000) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654], Nielsen et al. 2014:28 [ref. 33143], Nielsen et al. 2014:132 [ref. 33451], Costa et al. 2018:155 [ref. 36034], Costa et al. 2018:499 [ref. 36319], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias picturatus (Costa 2000). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: middle São Francisco River basin (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

pterophyllus, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] in Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2012:88, Figs. 11, 16 [Systematics and Biodiversity v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 31845] Seasonal pool near road BR-161, São Francisco River floodplains, 6 km north of Igarité, 11°34'27"S, 43°21'06"W, Estado da Bahia, Brazil, elevation 420 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 8376. Paratypes: BMNH 2011.11.17.3-6 (3), plus many at UFRJ. Plus addtional non-type material. •Valid as Hypsolebias pterophyllus Costa 2012 -- (Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461], Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias pterophyllus Costa 2012. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: banks of São Francisco River (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

radiosus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 2004:2 [Zootaxa No. 737; ref. 28012] About 6 kilometers from confluence with Rio Paranã, about 15°20'S, 47°20'W, Rio Crixás floodplains, Est. Goías, Brazil, elevation about 800 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6017. Paratypes: UFRJ 6018-21 (9, 6, 6, 5). •Valid as Simpsonichthys radiosus Costa & Brasil 2004 -- (Costa 2005:63 [ref. 28575], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:68 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias radiosus (Costa & Brasil 2004) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias radiosus (Costa & Brasil 2004). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Crixás floodplains, Paraná River drainage, upper Tocantins River basin, central Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

radiseriatus, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] in Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2012:83, Figs. 7, 14 [Systematics and Biodiversity v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 31845] Seasonal swamp adjacent to right bank of Verde Grande River, a tributary of São Francisco River, near the village of Gado Bravo, 14°55'20"S, 43°29'56"W, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil, elevation 457 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 8295. Paratypes: UFRJ 8294 (4, c&s), 8296 (12), 4780 (4), 4781 (5), 8298 (5, c&s). Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Hypsolebias radiseriatus Costa 2012 -- (Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias radiseriatus Costa 2012. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Verde Grande River drainage, São Francisco River system, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

rufus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.], Nielsen [D. T. B.] & de Luca [A. C.] 2001:29, Fig. [Aquarium (Brasil) v. 4 (no. 26); ref. 25934] Temporary pool in vicinity of Riacho do Barro, Ibiaí, in floodplain of Río São Francisco, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 61234. Paratypes: MZUSP 61235 (1); UFRJ 5110-13 (3, 2, 3, 4). Also appeared as new with description in Costa & Nielsen 2001:8 [ref. 26580]; earliest not determined. •Valid as Simpsonichthys rufus Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001 -- (Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa & Brasil 2004:2 [ref. 28012] with authors as Costa & Nielsen, Costa 2005:63 [ref. 28575], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:59 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias rufus (Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias rufus (Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

sertanejo, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] in Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2012:85, Figs. 9, 15 [Systematics and Biodiversity v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 31845] Seasonal pool east of town of Januária, São Francisco River floodplains, 15°30'01"S, 44°23'18"W, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil, elevation 450 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 8380. Paratypes: BMNH 2011.11.17.12-15 (4), plus many at UFRJ. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Hypsolebias sertanejo Costa 2012 -- (Costa et al. 2013:1 [ref. 32952], Britzke et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34461]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias sertanejo Costa 2012. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Upper part of middle São River basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

shibattai, Hypsolebias Nielsen [D. T. B.], Martins [M.], Araujo [L. M. de] & Suzart [R. dos R.] 2014:2, Figs. 1-2 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 20 (no. 1); ref. 33143] Bahia, Bom Jesus da Lapa, rio São Fancisco basin, temporary pool at road BR-430, 13°21'16"S, 43°17'15"W, Brazil, elevation 433 meters. Holotype: ZUEC 7648. Paratypes: MZUEL 7879 (4), ZUEC 7649 (6). •Valid as Hypsolebias shibattai Nielsen, Martins, Araujo & Suzart 2014 -- (Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias shibattai Nielsen, Martins, Araujo & Suzart 2014. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Bon Jesus de Lapa (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

similis, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Hellner [S.] 1999:90, Fig. 1 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 25 (no. 3/4) [for 1998]; ref. 23864] Temporary pool close to Urucuia, road to São Romão, rio Urucuia basins, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil [ca. 16°05'S, 454°45'W, elevation about 500 m]. Holotype: MZUSP 51834. Paratypes: MZUSP 51835 (1); UFRJ 4146 (1), 4147 (5, c&s), 4148 (1). •Valid as Simpsoichthys similis Costa & Hellner 1999 -- (Lazara 2001:298 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa & Brasil 2004:2 [ref. 28012], Costa 2005:63 [ref. 28575], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:70 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias similis (Costa & Hellner 1999) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias similis (Costa & Hellner 1999). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: São Francisco River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

splendissimus, Hypsolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] in Costa, Amorim & Mattos 2018:498, Figs. 2-3 [Zoosystematics and Evolution v. 94 (no. 2); ref. 36319] Temporary pool close to road BR-030, about 1.5 km W from the confluence between the Poço do Magro River and the Carnaíba de Dentro River, São Francisco River basin, Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil, 14°12'54"S, 42°50'22"W, elevation about 505 meters. Holotype: UFRJ 6909. Paratypes: UFRJ. •Valid as Hypsolebias splendissimus Costa 2018. Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias splendissimus Costa 2018. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River basin, Bahia, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

stellatus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1994:5, Fig. 1 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 21 (no. 1/2); ref. 21598] Temporary pool, 1 kilometer north of São Francisco, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Holotype: MNRJ 12446. Paratypes: MNRJ 12518 (3); MZUSP 45771 (4); UFRJ 2066 (5), 2067 (4, 3 c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys stellatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:298 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa & Brasil 2004:2 [ref. 28012], Costa 2005:63 [ref. 28575], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:61 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias stellatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias stellatus (Costa & Brasil 1994). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle São Francisco River floodplains, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

tocantinensis, Hypsolebias Nielsen [D. T. B.], Cruz [J. C.] & Baptista [A. C., jr.] 2012:64, Fig. 1,2 [Zootaxa No. 3527; ref. 32283] Campestre do Maranhao, temporary pool near rio Lajeado, rio Tocantins basin, 6°05'12.43"S, 47°22'54.01"W, Maranhao, Brazil, altitude 133 meters. Holotype: ZUEC 7019. Paratypes: ZUEC 7020 (8). •Valid as Hypsolebias tocantinensis Nielsen, Cruz & Baptista 2012 -- (Koerber et al. 2022:76 [ref. 39235]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias tocantinensis Nielsen, Cruz & Babtista 2012. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: Rio Tocantins basin (Maranhão, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

trifasciatus, Hypsolebias Nielsen [D. T. B.], Martins [M.], Araujo [L. M. de], Lira [F. O. de] & Faour [A.] 2014:133, Figs. 1-2 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 20 (no. 3); ref. 33451] Bahia, Santa Rita de Cássia, rio Preto, rio São Francisco basin, temporary pool at road BA-225, 11°02’33.1’’S, 4°18’25.4’’W, Brazil, altitude 450 meters. Holotype: ZUEC 8302. Paratypes: ZEUC 8303 (10). Fifth author originally appeared as Amer Four, corrected in erratum. •Valid as Hypsolebias trifasciatus Nielsen, Martins, Araujo, Lira & Faour 2014 -- (Silva et al. 2020:14 [ref. 37809]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias trifasciatus Nielsen, Martins, Araujo, Lira & Faour 2014. Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: temporary pool, Rio Preto (Bahia State, Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

trilineatus, Cynolebias Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 1994:8, Fig. 5 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 21 (no. 1/2); ref. 21598] Joãs Pinheiro, near River Paracatú, close to city of Brasilândia, Rio São Francisco basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Holotype: MNRJ 12525. Paratypes: MNRJ 12526 (1); UFRJ 2132 (1, c&s), 2133 (2). •Valid as Simpsonichthys trilineatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Costa & Hellner 1999:91 [ref. 23864], Costa & Nielsen 2000:11 [ref. 24442], Lazara 2001:298 [ref. 25711], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:542 [ref. 27061], Costa & Brasil 2004:2 [ref. 28012], Costa 2005:63 [ref. 28575], Costa 2006:17 [ref. 28620], Costa 2007:77 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias trilineatus (Costa & Brasil 1994) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias trilineatus (Costa & Brasil 1994). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Middle Paracatu River floodplains, middle São Francisco River basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

virgulatus, Simpsonichthys Costa [W. J. E. M.] & Brasil [G. C.] 2006:43, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa No. 1244; ref. 28725] Temporary lagoon about 7 kilometers from ribeirão Entre Rios, rio Paracatu drainage, rio São Francisco basin, about 16°49'30"S, 46°30'00"W, about 530 meters, Município de Unaí, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil. Holotype: UFRJ 6336. Paratypes: MCP 39931 (5); UFRJ 6337 (33), 6338 (6, c&s). •Valid as Simpsonichthys virgulatus Costa & Brasil 2006 -- (Costa 2007:75 [ref. 29445]). •Valid as Hypsolebias virgulatus (Costa & Brasil 2006) -- (based on generic placement in Costa 2011 [ref. 31654]). Current status: Valid as Hypsolebias virgulatus (Costa & Brasil 2006). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Paracatu River drainage, São Francisco River basin, Unaí, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.