Genera that contain: Carapus [ 16 ] records

Carapus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:37, 57 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Masc. Gymnotus acus Brünnich 1768. Type established in ICZN Opinion 42, with authorship of type credited to Linnaeus but without date. •Valid as Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Wheeler 1973:557 [ref. 7190], Trott 1981:625 [ref. 14205], Williams 1984:388 [ref. 5314], Machida in Masuda et al. 1984:99 [ref. 6441], Olney & Markle 1986:351 [ref. 5701], Trott & Olney in Whitehead et al. 1986:1173 [ref. 13677], Shen & Yeh 1987:47 [ref. 6418], Paxton et al. 1989:319 [ref. 12442], Markle & Olney 1990:373 [ref. 18996], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:351 [ref. 21953], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:10, 11 [ref. 24448], Nielsen 1999:1978 [ref. 24753], Parmentier et al. 2000:293 [ref. 26179], Olney 2003:964 [ref. 27007], Parmentier et al. 2006:122 [ref. 28668], Hoese et al. 2006:552 [ref. 29051], Glynn et al. 2008:593 [ref. 29778], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:31 [ref. 36649], Fricke et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:40 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Valid as Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Carapus Cuvier [G.] 1816:237 [Le Règne Animal; ref. 993] Masc. Gymnotus macrurus Bloch & Schneider 1801. Earliest type designation not researched; Gymnotus macrourus Bloch 1786 is not an available name. Type species now valid as Sternopygus macrurus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Carapus Rafinesque 1810 in fishes; replaced by Giton Kaup 1856. •Synonym of Sternopygus Müller & Troschel 1846 -- (Mago-Leccia 1994:53 [ref. 21320], Campos-da-Paz in Reis et al. 2003:484 [ref. 27061], Ferraris et al. 2017:[16] [ref. 35236]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Sternopygus Müller & Troschel 1846. Sternopygidae: Sternopyginae.

Diaphasia Lowe [R. T.] 1843:92 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843 (pt 11); ref. 2832] Fem. Gymnotus acus Brünnich 1768. Type by monotypy. Lowe gives synonymy as: Diaphus acus no author, Ophidium fierasfer of Risso and "Les Fierasfers" (Ophidium imberbe, L.); proposes Diaphasia for "barbarous" vernacular "Fierasfer." •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Wheeler 1973:557 [ref. 7190], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Disparichthys Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1935:383 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 18 (no. 12); ref. 2109] Masc. Disparichthys fluviatilis Herre 1935. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Eurypleuron Markle [D. F.] & Olney [J. E.] 1990:336 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 47 (no. 2); ref. 18996] Neut. Carapus owasianus Matsubara 1953. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Eurypleuron Markle & Olney 1990 -- (Williams & Machida 1992:372 [ref. 18993], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:353 [ref. 21953], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11, 17 [ref. 24448], Nielsen 1999:1978 [ref. 24753], Parmentier et al. 2000:293 [ref. 26179], Hoese et al. 2006:554 [ref. 29051], Parmentier 2012:1 [ref. 32365], Parmentier 2015:710 [ref. 34258]). Current status: Valid as Eurypleuron Markle & Olney 1990. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Fierasfer Oken [L.] (ex Cuvier) 1817:1182 [Isis (Oken) v. 1 (pt 8) (no. 148); ref. 3303] Masc. Ophidium [sic] imberbe Cuvier 1815. Gender tentatively masculine, as treated by most authors. Type designated by ICZN (Opinion 42), not Ophidion imberbe Linnaeus 1758. Based on "Les Fierasfers" of Cuvier 1816:239 [ref. 993] (see Gill 1903:966 [ref. 5768]). •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Wheeler 1973:557 [ref. 7190], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Helminthodes Gill [T. N.] 1864:203 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 16 (no. 4); ref. 1702] Masc. Oxybeles lumbricoides Bleeker 1854. Type by monotypy. Apparently preoccupied by Helminthodes Marsh 1864 [not researched; Gill 1864 published 6 Dec.], replaced by Pirellinus Whitley 1928. Helminthoides is a misspelling. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Helmintosomus Cocco [A.] 1840:239 [Il Maurolico, Giornale di Scienze, Lettere e Arti v. 4 (fasc. 6); ref. 23130] Neut. Helmintosomus dellechiaje Cocco 1840. Type by monotypy. An available name with description as above. Spelled Helminthostoma in Günther 1870:145 [ref. 1995] in a passing reference to manuscript name placed by Günther in synonymy of Porobranchus. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 based on placement of Helminthostoma of Günther -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Lefroyia Jones [J. M.] 1874:3838 [Zoologist (Ser. 2) v. 9; ref. 2362] Fem. Lefroyia bermudensis Jones 1874. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Leptofierasfer Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1928:964 [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 249); ref. 2964] Masc. Leptofierasfer macrurus Meek & Hildebrand 1928. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Onuxodon Smith [J. L. B.] 1955:405 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12) v. 8 (no. 90) (art. 51); ref. 4099] Masc. Carapus parvibrachium Fowler 1927. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Onuxodon Smith 1955 -- (Trott 1981:625 [ref. 14205], Williams 1984:392 [ref. 5314], Olney & Markle 1986:353 [ref. 5701], Shen & Yeh 1987:47 [ref. 6418], Paxton et al. 1989:321 [ref. 12442], Markle & Olney 1990:364 [ref. 18996], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:353 [ref. 21953], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448], Nielsen 1999:1978 [ref. 24753], Parmentier et al. 2000:293 [ref. 26179], Hoese et al. 2006:554 [ref. 29051], Motomura 2009:38 [ref. 30446], Parmentier 2012:1 [ref. 32365], Parmentier 2015:711 [ref. 34258], Fricke et al. 2018:83 [ref. 35805], Fricke et al. 2019:70 [ref. 36673], Koeda 2019:6 [ref. 37145]). Current status: Valid as Onuxodon Smith 1955. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Oxybeles Richardson [J.] 1846:73 [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] Masc. Oxybeles homei Richardson 1846. Type by monotypy. Oxybelus Bleeker 1851:278 [ref. 12505] is an incorrect subsequent spelling. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315]). •Synonym of Encheliophis Müller 1842 -- (Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:205 [ref. 28944], Kottelat 2013:271 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Encheliophis Müller 1842. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Pirellinus Whitley [G. P.] 1928:226 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 16 (no. 4); ref. 4661] Masc. Oxybeles lumbricoides Bleeker 1854. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Helminthodes Gill 1864 (6 Dec.), preoccupied by Helminthodes Marsh 1864 (Nov.) in fossil worms. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315]). •Synonym of Encheliophis Müller 1842 [but this is a replacement for Helminthodes which Markle places as a synonym of Carapus] -- (Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Porobronchus Kaup [J. J.] 1860:272 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 6 (no. 34) (art. 36); ref. 2582] Masc. Porobronchus linearis Kaup 1860. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Rhizoiketicus Vaillant [L. L.] 1893:746 [Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences v. 117 (no. 22) (for 27 Nov. 1893); ref. 4487] Masc. Rhizoiketicus carolinensis Vaillant 1893. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315]). •Synonym of Encheliophis Müller 1842 -- (Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:205 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Encheliophis Müller 1842. Carapidae: Carapinae.

Vexillifer Gasco [F.] 1870:60 [Bolletino della'Associazione dei Naturalisti e Medici per la mutua istruzione. 1870; ref. 1547] Masc. Vexillifer dephilippii Gasco 1870. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Arnold 1956:260 [ref. 5315], Wheeler 1973:557 [ref. 7190], Markle in Nielsen et al. 1999:11 [ref. 24448]). Current status: Synonym of Carapus Rafinesque 1810. Carapidae: Carapinae.