Species that contain: Chaetodon and modestus [ 5 ] records

desmotes, Coradion Jordan [D. S.] & Fowler [H. W.] 1902:539, Fig. 5 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 25 (no. 1296); ref. 10572] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 7192. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:80 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Chaetodon modestus Temminck & Schlegel 1844 -- (Burgess 1978:351 [ref. 700], Allen 1980:162 [ref. 22764], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:167 [ref. 25480]). •Synonym of Roa modesta (Temminck & Schlegel 1844). Current status: Synonym of Roa modesta (Temminck & Schlegel 1844). Chaetodontidae. Habitat: marine.

excelsa, Loa Jordan [D. S.] 1921:652, Fig. 6 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 59 (no. 2392); ref. 2419] Off lava flow from Mauna Loa, Alika, Kau District, Hawaii Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): USNM 84094. •Valid as Chaetodon excelsa (Jordan 1921) -- (Burgess 1978:363 [ref. 700], Yamakawa & Tameka in Okamura et al. 1982:249 [ref. 8256], Randall 1995:249 [ref. 22896], Myers & Donaldson 2003:629 [ref. 27495]). •Synonym of Chaetodon modestus Temminck & Schlegel 1844 -- (Allen 1980:162 [ref. 22764]). •Valid as Roa excelsa (Jordan 1921) -- (Blum 1989:13 [ref. 37553], Smith et al. 2003:302 [ref. 27125], Kuiter 2004:167 [ref. 27778], Mundy 2005:402 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:291 [ref. 30952], Rocha et al. 2017:130 [ref. 35651], Uejo et al. 2020:[7] [ref. 37307], Matsunuma & Motomura 2022:3 [ref. 38992]). Current status: Valid as Roa excelsa (Jordan 1921). Chaetodontidae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Guam, Johnston Atoll, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

jayakari, Chaetodon Norman [J. R.] 1939:63, Fig. 21 [Scientific Reports, John Murray Expedition v. 7 (no. 1); ref. 6556] Muscat, Oman, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype: BMNH (160-mm spec. from Muscat). Paratypes: (should be 3 + 3) BMNH 1939.5.24.960-962 (3), 1889.4.15.28-30 (3) Muscat. •Synonym of Chaetodon modestus Temminck & Schlegel 1844 -- (Burgess 1978:358 [ref. 700], Allen 1980:162 [ref. 22764]). •Valid as Chaetodon jayakari Norman 1939 -- (Klausewitz 1986:284 [ref. 39512], Yamakawa & Tameka in Okamura et al. 1982:249 [ref. 8256], Klausewitz & Fricke 1985:3 [ref. 11448], Goren & Dor 1994:47 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:249 [ref. 22896], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S111 [ref. 27377]). •Valid as Roa jayakari (Norman 1939) -- (Blum 1989:13 [ref. 37553], Smith et al. 2003:302 [ref. 27125], Kuiter 2004:167 [ref. 27778], Psomadakis et al. 2015:291 [ref. 34104], Rocha et al. 2017:130 [ref. 35651], Golani & Fricke 2018:110 [ref. 36273], Panda et al. 2018:322 [ref. 36355], Zajonz et al. 2019:84 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 22 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:513 [ref. 37272], Uejo et al. 2020:[7] [ref. 37307], Heemstra & Heemstra 2022:469 [ref. 39746], Matsunuma & Motomura 2022:3 [ref. 38992]). Current status: Valid as Roa jayakari (Norman 1939). Chaetodontidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indian Ocean: Socotra (Yemen) and Gulf of Oman east to India, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Habitat: marine.

modestus, Chaetodon Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1844:80, Pl. 41 (fig. 2) [Fauna Japonica Parts 5-6; ref. 4372] Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D466 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH D464-465 (2, stuffed), D467 (1, stuffed), 1138 (2); ZMB 1271 (2). Type catalog: Paepke 2001:329 [ref. 25566]. Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:82 [ref. 12876]. The genus Roa is apparently feminine; 'modestus' is a Latin adjective (moderate). •Valid as Chaetodon modestus Temminck & Schlegel 1844 -- (Burgess 1978:351 [ref. 700], Allen 1980:162 [ref. 22764], Yamakawa & Tameka in Okamura et al. 1982:249 [ref. 8256], Ida in Masuda et al. 1984:185 [ref. 6441], Matsuura in Okamura et al. 1985:519, 693 [ref. 8056], Randall 1995:249 [ref. 22896], Chen et al. 1997:122 [ref. 26476], Cheng & Zhou 1997:317 [ref. 26385], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:12 [ref. 24670], Pyle in Randall & Lim 2000:623 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:891 [ref. 25182], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:167 [ref. 25480], Hutchins 2001:36 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:891 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:352, 624 [ref. 26218], Parin 2003:S15 [ref. 28536], Randall 2007:291 [ref. 30952], Zuo & Tang 2011:1003 [ref. 32151], Allen & Erdmann 2012:527 [ref. 31980], Parin et al. 2014:376 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Roa modestus (Temminck & Schlegel 1844) -- (Blum 1989:13 [ref. 37553], Pyle in Randall & Lim 2000:624 [ref. 25122] dated to 1842, Pyle 2001:3233 [ref. 26117] dated to 1842, Smith et al. 2003:302 [ref. 27125]). •Valid as Roa modesta (Temminck & Schlegel 1844) -- (Kuiter 2004:167 [ref. 27778], Rocha et al. 2017:130 [ref. 35651], Nakae in Kimura et al. 2018:210 [ref. 36460], Kim et al. 2020:141 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:79 [ref. 37637], Uejo et al. 2020:[7] [ref. 37307], Matsunuma & Motomura 2022:3 [ref. 38992]). Current status: Valid as Roa modesta (Temminck & Schlegel 1844). Chaetodontidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Vietnam east to Philippines, north to Korea, Japan and Ogasawara Islands. Habitat: marine.

modestus, Paracanthochaetodon Schmidt [P. Yu.] & Lindberg [G. U.] 1930:469 [Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, Ser. A (Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS), Leningrad 1930; ref. 3940] Tsuruga, western Japan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 22949. Treated by Burgess 1978:351 [ref. 700] as a new combination in the synonymy of Chaetodon modestus Temminck & Schlegel 1842, but the description is clearly intended as a new species. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Chaetodon if Burgess' placement is correct. 2°Homonym. Chaetodontidae: Chaetodontinae. Habitat: marine.