Species that contain: Cyprinus and carpio [ 59 ] records

acuminatus, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:289 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. Neotype: Kiel Univ. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 13b [ref. 11606]). Neotype designated by Kottelat 2001:19 [ref. 25482]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, subspecies rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497]). •Valid as Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846) -- (Kottelat 2001:19 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2013:84 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Carassioides acuminatus (Richardson 1846). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: China. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

acuminatus, Cyprinus Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:58, Fig. 22 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] Danube River, Neusiedler Lake and Plattensee (Balaton Lake), Austria and Hungary. Syntypes: NMW 52846 (2), 52854-55 (1, 1), 52927-29 (1, 1, 1), 52950 (9), 53403 (2). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus acuminatus Richardson 1846. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:831 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

anatolicus, Cyprinus carpio Hankó [B.] 1925:150, Pl. 3 (fig. 10) [Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici v. 21 (for 29 Dec. 1924); ref. 2035] Pursak [Porsuk] River and Eski-Chehir and Kötschke-Kissik, Turkey. Syntypes: (6) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

atrovirens, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:287 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Originally as atro-virens. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 14a [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bithynicus, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1857:372 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1856 (pt 24) (art. 2); ref. 18632] Lake Apollonia [Apulyont], northwestern Turkey. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1856.5.2.7. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

carpio, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:320 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.139 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:212 [ref. 13434]. •Valid as Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kner 1864:79 [ref. 39513], Starostin 1945:131 [ref. 40406], Berg 1949:831 [ref. 20661], Kuroda 1953:276 [ref. 39545], Okada 1961:521 [ref. 6363], Ovchynnyk 1967:33 [ref. 37559], Chen & Huang 1977:411 [ref. 8497], Mai 1978:31 [ref. 13511], Lee et al. 1980:152 [ref. 22416], Coad 1981:10 [ref. 22348], Villa 1982:110 [ref. 36708], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:95 [ref. 9277], Cadwallader & Backhouse 1983:161 [ref. 25473], Sawada in Masuda et al. 1984:58 [ref. 6441], Wang 1984:14 [ref. 22951], Kuang in Kuang et al. 1986:139 [ref. 26639], Lelek 1987:132 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:233 [ref. 37734], Robison & Buchanan 1988:176 [ref. 23393], Paxton et al. 1989:216 [ref. 12442], Smith 1986:121 [ref. 22186], Pequeño 1989:40 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:81 [ref. 24556], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:334 [ref. 25598], McAllister 1990:59 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:79 [ref. 24089], Allen & Coates 1990:56 [ref. 25561], Page & Burr 1991:64 [ref. 18983], Pethiyagoda 1991:63 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:184 [ref. 20764], Coad 1991:17 [ref. 15702], Liu in Pan et al. 1991:225 [ref. 23876], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Allen et al. 1992:298 [ref. 21400], Boschung 1992:48 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:161 [ref. 22809], Skelton 1993:188 [ref. 24071], Kottelat et al. 1993:35 [ref. 23448], La Rivers 1994:449 [ref. 23389], Ding 1994:414 [ref. 21531], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:272 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Baxter & Stone 1995:66 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:75 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:59 [ref. 23394], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213], Sato 1995:48 [ref. 25531], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079], Brumley in McDowall 1996:101 [ref. 22909], Rainboth 1996:82 [ref. 22772], Gómez & Chebez 1996:57 [ref. 23791], Haro et al. 1996:6 [ref. 25004], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Sigler & Sigler 1996:70 [ref. 25943], Mettee et al. 1996:179 [ref. 25836], Cheng & Zhou 1997:184 [ref. 26385], Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Murdy et al. 1997:84 [ref. 23144], Kim 1997:156 [ref. 24032], Kim 1997:508 [ref. 24032], Vu & Nguyen 1997:26 [ref. 26438], Takahashi et al. 1997:42 [ref. 24971], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:737 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:92 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Sato et al. 1998:30 [ref. 24972], Manimekalan 1998:434 [ref. 24989], Scott & Crossman 1998:407 [ref. 24570], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Sverlij et al. 1998:42 [ref. 27632], Fricke 1999:84 [ref. 24106], Fuller et al. 1999:67 [ref. 25838], Hay et al. 1999:42 [ref. 40428], Kullander et al. 1999:107 [ref. 23689], Mizuno et al. 1999:5 [ref. 25311], Azeroual et al. 2000:20 [ref. 25366], Coad & Abdoli 2000:56 [ref. 25296], Dyer 2000:89 [ref. 26678], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:72 [ref. 25191], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:410 [ref. 25272], Lyons et al. 2000:47 [ref. 26594], Nakabo 2000:253 [ref. 25086], Rafique 2000:324 [ref. 25220], Tsigenopoulos & Berrebi 2000:172 [ref. 25489], Matsuura et al. 2000:78 [ref. 26000], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:44 [ref. 26178], Hutchins 2001:21 [ref. 25847], Kottelat 2001:45 [ref. 25780], Pietsch et al. 2001:139 [ref. 25688], Sakai et al. 2001:87 [ref. 25693], Tang et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25373], Wang et al. 2001:163 [ref. 26566], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Kim & Park 2002:52 [ref. 25913], Allen et al. 2002:361 [ref. 25930], Ross et al. 2001:152 [ref. 25978], Choi et al. 2003:157, 501 [ref. 26218], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:125 [ref. 27816], Bailey et al. 2004:76 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:100 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:176 [ref. 27995], Hanel & Lusk 2005:268 [ref. 28804], Hammer et al. 2012:66 [ref. 32389], Khalaf 2013:5 [ref. 37897]). •Valid as Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, sometimes as subspecies carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:231 [ref. 21202], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:115 [ref. 25856], Gabrielyan 2001:27 [ref. 25867], Skelton 2001:188 [ref. 27406], López et al. 2002:63 [ref. 26808], Moyle 2002:172 [ref. 26449], Nakabo 2002:253 [ref. 26001], Hanel 2003:53 [ref. 27894], Jang et al. 2003:119 [ref. 27681], López et al. 2003:9 [ref. 27366], Mirza 2003:12 [ref. 27265], Rafique et al. 2003:97 [ref. 27173], Seegers et al. 2003:34 [ref. 28087], Yadav 2003:9 [ref. 27711], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:61 [ref. 28183], Hammer & Walker 2004:91 [ref. 28129], Larson & Pidgeon 2004:196 [ref. 28107], Menni 2004:71 [ref. 28131], Love et al. 2005:27 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:151 [ref. 28379], Scharpf 2005:15 [ref. 28940], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:168 [ref. 28369], Allen et al. 2006:346 [ref. 29004], Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Fricke et al. 2007:39 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:147 [ref. 29996], McPhail 2007:72 [ref. 31199], Shrestha 2008:63 [ref. 29923], Allen et al. 2008:195 [ref. 30265], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:165 [ref. 31251], Fricke et al. 2009:23 [ref. 30213], Minckley & Marsh 2009:179 [ref. 31114], Coad 2010:175 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:369 [ref. 33391], Matsunuma et al. 2010:82 [ref. 31558], Page & Burr 2011:154 [ref. 31215], Fricke et al. 2011:355 [ref. 31242], Marshall 2011:119 [ref. 31755], Page et al. 2013:70 [ref. 32708], Gurung et al. 2013:4882 [ref. 32969], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989], Angulo et al. 2013:991 [ref. 33194], Barriga Salazar 2014:104 [ref. 35745], Esmaeili et al. 2015:120 [ref. 35030], Litz & Koerber 2014:6 [ref. 33622], Parin et al. 2014:74 [ref. 33547], Sarmiento et al. 2014:187 [ref. 35004], Barbieri et al. 2015:51 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:144 [ref. 35151], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:70 [ref. 34894], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:870 [ref. 34062], McDowall & Stewart 2015:314 [ref. 34241], Mirande & Koerber 2015:10 [ref. 35117], Pietsch & Orr 2015:19 [ref. 34694], Bertaco et al. 2016:435 [ref. 34561], Koeda et al. 2016:10 [ref. 35333], Miesen et al. 2016:82 [ref. 34492], Nión et al. 2016:26 [ref. 35565], Petry et al. 2016:300 [ref. 34966], Esmaeili et al. 2017:46 [ref. 35254], Labatos 2017:3 [ref. 36239], Romanov et al. 2017:821 [ref. 35687], Esmaeili et al. 2018:26 [ref. 36089], Fricke et al. 2018:59 [ref. 35805], Kuiter 2018:99 [ref. 36369], Robins et al. 2018:85 [ref. 35886], Ćaleta et al. 2019:153 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Ng et al. 2019:523 [ref. 36606], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:26 [ref. 36599], Zhang et al. 2019:346 [ref. 36699], Bayçelebi 2020:752 [ref. 37964], Çiçek & Sungur 2020:117 [ref. 38064], Çiçek et al. 2020:248 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:68 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:330 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[4] [ref. 37535], Quynh et al. 2020:142 [ref. 38778], Reis et al. 2020:456 [ref. 38364], Yogurtçuoglu et al. 2020:[10] [ref. 37627], Angulo 2021:15 [ref. 38913], Baikeche et al. 2021:959 [ref. 39080], Bayhan 2021:242 [ref. 40683], Guo 2021:469 [ref. 38617], Kelleci et al. 2021:282 [ref. 38359], Love et al. 2021:45 [ref. 39279], Rodrigues-Silva et al. 2021:151 [ref. 38097], Wada et al. 2021:36 [ref. 38521], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1401 [ref. 39565], Meza-Vargas et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39566], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Tudu et al. 2022:43 [ref. 40484], Angulo et al. 2023:20 [ref. 40676], Bertaco & Azevedo 2023:3 [ref. 39997], Bertaco et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40740], Chan et al. 2023:135 [ref. 40365], Chen et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40668], Çiçek et al. 2023:22 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:458 [ref. 40601], Çiçek et al. 2023:14 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:363 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Dyldin et al. 2023:[11] [ref. 40328], Giora & Wingert 2023:151 [ref. 41026], Jamandre 2023:165 [ref. 40455], Loureiro et al. 2023:177 [ref. 40506], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2023:30 [ref. 40667], Nagy et al. 2023:356 [ref. 40348], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505], Saad et al. 2023:19 [ref. 40501], Shumka et al. 2023:37 [ref. 40747], Çiçek et al. 2024:144 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Western Europe [native to Black Sea basin, possibly also Caspian and Aral seas basins]. Widely introduced worldwide, also many multicolor varieties. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

caspicus, Cyprinus carpio var. Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:17 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Mouths of rivers Volga and Tanais [Don], Russia and Ukraine. No types known. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856] as caspius, Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

chilia, Cyprinus carpio Wu [H.-W.], Yang [G.-R.], Yue [P.-Q.] & Huang [H.-J.] in Wu et al. 1963:43 [The economic fauna of China; ref. 12576] Qilu Lake, China. Original not seen. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Chen & Huang 1977:416 [ref. 8497], Zhou in Chu & Chen 1989:338 [ref. 13584], Zheng et al. 1989:233 [ref. 21202], Yang 1991:198 [ref. 13585], Yang & Chen 1995:97 [ref. 23555], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213], Chen in Chen 1998:251 [ref. 23556], Zhang et al. 2019:348 [ref. 36699]). •Valid as Cyprinus chilia Wu, Yang, Yue & Huang 1963 -- (Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:413 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:84 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus chilia Wu, Yang, Yue & Huang 1963. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Yangtze River basin, China. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

chinensis, Cyprinus Basilewsky [S.] 1855:227, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou v. 10; ref. 200] Khoun'-ks River and other streams draining into Gulf of Tschili, China. No types at ZIN. Preoccupied by Cyprinus chinensis Gronow in Gray 1854. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, subspecies haematopterus Temminck & Schlegel 1842 [preoccupied] -- (Chen & Huang 1977:412 [ref. 8497]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

communis, Cyprinus carpio Anonymous in Arun et al. 1996:103 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 93 (pt 1); ref. 24725] In Arun et al. 1996:103 [ref. 24725], name appeared in list as Cyprinus carpio communis Linnaeus. Linnaeus did not describe a communis referable to Cyprinus so we are listing authorship as anonymous for now. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies communis Anonymous -- (Das et al. 1964:103 [ref. 27487], Indra 1991:237 [ref. 24005], Sen 1995:504 [ref. 23778], Arun et al. 1996:103 [ref. 24725], Zacharias et al. 1996:40 [ref. 25526], Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319], Shrestha 2008:63 [ref. 29923]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

conirostris, Cyprinus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:191, Pl. 27 (figs. 2, 2a-b) [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D1724 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH D1720-1723 (4, stuffed), 2428 (1). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:153 [ref. 12876]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32898]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

coriaceus, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:489, 528 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Unneeded new name for Cyprinus nudus Bloch 1784. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

crassilabris, Cyprinus (Cyprinus) Chen [H.-L.] & Huang [H.-Q.] 1977:419, Fig. 8-15 [The cyprinid fishes of China v. 2; ref. 8497] Erh Hai, Yunnan Province, China. Syntypes: KIZ 646035-37 (1 ea.), 646045 (1), 646049 (1), 646054 (1), 646093 (1), 646283-84 (1, 1), 646286 (1), 646293 (1), 646308 (1), 646397 (1), 646557 (1), 646605 (1), 646627 (1), 646629-30 (1, 1), 646706-09 (1 ea.), 646735 (1). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, subspecies chilia Wu et al. 1963 -- (Yang 1991:198 [ref. 13585], Zhang et al. 2019:348 [ref. 36699]). •Synonym of Cyprinus chilia Wu, Yang, Yue & Huang 1963 -- (Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:84 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus chilia Wu, Yang, Yue & Huang 1963. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

elatus, Cyprinus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1836:fasc. 18, punt. 92, Pl. 108 (fig. 3) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4892] Lake Bracciano and Lake Vico near Ronciglione and ditches leading to Lake Trajano, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6614 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:75 [ref. 13621] as holotype. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:831 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

elongatus, Cyprinus carpio var. Walecki [A.] 1863:341, 359 [Biblioteka Warszawska, Wiadomosci Z Nauk [Science News] v. 4; ref. 22954] Unneeded new name for Cyprinus hungaricus Heckel 1836. Also in Walecki 1864:37 [ref. 22969] •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

flammans, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:288 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 15a [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, subspecies rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

flavipinnis, Cyprinus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:71, Pl. 457 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Bogor, Java, Indonesia. Holotype: ?MNHN B-674. Type information: Roberts 1993:16 [ref. 21799]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Roberts 1993:16 [ref. 21799], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856]). •Questionably a synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

fluviatilis, Cyprinus carpio Pravdin [I. F.] 1945:11 [Uchenye Zapiski Leningradskogo Universiteta Biological Series, Issue No. 15; ref. 22988] Flood-plain lakes of Volga River near Saratov, Russia. Syntypes: Whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

forbesi, Carpiodes Hubbs [C. L.] (ex Forbes & Richardson) 1930:13 [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 20; ref. 5590] Illinois River drainage, Illinois, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:183 [ref. 23395]. Based on earlier descriptions by Forbes and Richardson of Carpiodes thompsoni, not of Agassiz; proposed conditionally by Hubbs, who suggested the possibility that this may be a hybrid between Carpoides cyprinus and C. carpio. •Synonym of Carpiodes cyprinus (Lesueur 1817) -- (Lee et al. 1980:368 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:263 [ref. 23393], Baxter & Stone 1995:121 [ref. 23374], Gilbert 1998:183 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Carpiodes cyprinus (Lesueur 1817). Catostomidae: Ictiobinae. Habitat: freshwater.

fossicola, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] (ex Gray) 1846:291 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Originally as Cyprinus ? fossicola. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 15b [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

gibbosus, Cyprinus carpio var. Kessler [K. F.] 1856:35 [Natural history of the provinces; ref. 18388] Dnieper River near Dniepropetrovsk, Ukraine. Syntypes: none found at ZIN. Also apparently in Kessler 1856:357 [ref. 18389] [this page not seen by us], earliest not researched. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus gibbosus Pallas 1814. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:831 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:92 [ref. 23589], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

haematopterus, Cyprinus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:189, 216, Pl. 96 [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Kiusiu Island, Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype: RMNH 2400 (stuffed). Type catalog: Boeseman 1947:152 [ref. 12876]. Objectively invalid as a species or subspecies; preoccupied by Cyprinus haematopterus Rafinesque 1820. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Okada 1961:521 [ref. 6363], Parin et al. 2014:75 [ref. 33547]). •Wrongly treated as a valid subspecies of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:843 [ref. 20661], Chen & Huang 1977:412 [ref. 8497], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213], Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:46 [ref. 22798], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:737 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:92 [ref. 23589], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:17 [ref. 25650], Chereshnev et al. 2001:42 [ref. 26736], Sideleva 2001:53 [ref. 26181], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:115 [ref. 25856], Sideleva 2003:10 [ref. 27815]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:659 [ref. 34853]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hungaricus, Cyprinus Heckel [J. J.] 1836:222, Pl. 19 (fig. 1) [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 1 (no. 10); ref. 18254] Neusiedler Lake, Hungary and Austria. Syntypes: ?NMW 10958-59 (2). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:831 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hybiscoides, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:289 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 16a [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, subspecies rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

intha, Cyprinus carpio Annandale [N.] 1918:47, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 14; ref. 127] Inlé Lake and He-Ho, southern Shan States, Myanmar. Syntypes: ZSI F9366/1 (11) Inlé Lake, F9367/1 (9) He-Ho; FAKU P.1165 [ex ZSI F9367/1] (1), Inlé Lake. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:107 [ref. 20743]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Talwar & Jhingran 1991:184 [ref. 20764]). •Valid as Cyprinus intha Annandale 1918 -- (Doi 1997:5 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989], Kano et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34887], Fuke et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38221]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus intha Annandale 1918. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: South Asia: Myanmar. Habitat: freshwater.

kollarii, Cyprinus Heckel [J. J.] 1836:223, Pl. 19 (fig. 2) [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 1 (no. 10); ref. 18254] Neusiedler Lake, Hungary and Austria. Syntypes: NMW 56166 (1), 56169 (1), 56171-72 (1, 1). •A hybrid between Cyprinus carpio x Carassius carassius -- (Berg 1949:843 [ref. 20661]). Hybrid. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

lacustris, Cyprinus carpio var. Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] 1832:333 [Beiträge zur Landeskunde Österreichs unter der Enns, Wien v. 1; ref. 5019] Neusiedler Lake, Austria. No types known. Junior primary homonym of Cyprinus lacustris Pallas 1814. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

longicaudis, Cyprinus Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:58 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Cape Colony, South Africa (probably Mamaquois). Syntypes: (2). Current status: Uncertain as Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

macrolepidotus, Cyprinus Meidinger [C. von] 1794:xli, Pl. 40 [ ref. 17632] Danube River, Austria. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

macrolepidotus, Cyprinus Schinz [H. R.] 1822:320 [Das Thierreich v. 2; ref. 3926] Unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus rexcyprinorum Bloch 1797 (see Daget 1968:1058 [ref. 26392]). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus macrolepidotus Meidinger 1794. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Daget 1968:1058 [ref. 26392], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

macrolepidotus, Cyprinus Hartmann [G. L.] 1827:183 [Helvetische Ichthyologie; ref. 18247] Lake Constance, Switzerland. No types known. Perhaps not an original description, other authors cited. Hartmann concludes (translated), "Therefore, together with other researchers, I take it as a variant [`Abart'] of the latter [Cyprinus carpio]. If available then objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus macrolepidotus Meidinger 1794. Also see Cyprinus macrolepidotus Schinz 1822. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

mahuensis, Cyprinus (Cyprinus) Liu [C.-H.] & Ding [S.] 1982:71 [Journal of Sichuan University (Natural Science Edition) 1982 (no. 4); ref. 36076] Ma-Hu Lake, Szechwan, China. Syntypes: (15) IHB 80-xi-3 •Valid as Cyprinus mahuensis Liu & Ding 1982 -- (Chen in Chen 1998:252 [ref. 23556]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:412 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:84 [ref. 34477], Zhang et al. 2019:346 [ref. 36699], Guo 2021:469 [ref. 38617]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

megalophthalmus, Cyprinus carpio Wu [H.-W.], Yang [G.-R.], Yue [P.-Q.] & Huang [H.-J.] 1963:43 [The economic fauna of China; ref. 12576] Erhai Lake, Yunnan Province, China. Syntypes: possibly IHB 579087, 5710019, 58019, etc, •Valid as Cyprinus megalophthalmus Wu, Yang, Yue & Huang 1963 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:420 [ref. 8497], Zhou in Chu & Chen 1989:341 [ref. 13584], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213], Chen in Chen 1998:253 [ref. 23556], Yue & Chen 1998:178 [ref. 26415], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:415 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:85 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus megalophthalmus Wu, Yang, Yue & Huang 1963. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: Erhai Lake (Yunnan, China). Habitat: freshwater.

melanotus, Cyprinus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:190, Pl. 97 (figs. 1, 1a-b) [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Fresh waters of Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 2399. Paralectotypes: RMNH D1874 (1, stuffed). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:153 [ref. 12876]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Okada 1961:521 [ref. 6363], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

minor, Cyprinus var. Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Klein) 1792:17 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Sweden. No types known. Described as a variety of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Based on Cyprinus brevis, dorso repando ...; variety: Differentia crassioris ... of Klein 1749:60, pl. 11, fig. 2 [ref. 30141], a pre-Linnaean name. •Synonym of Carassius gibelio (Bloch 1782) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:62 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Carassius gibelio (Bloch 1782). Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

multitaeniata, Cyprinus carpio var. Pellegrin [J.] & Chevey [P.] 1936:220 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 61 (no. 3); ref. 13735] Lake Babé, near Cho-Ra, Tonkin, Vietnam. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1935-0317. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:11 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Cyprinus multitaeniatus Pellegrin & Chevey 1936 [sometimes as multitaeniata] -- (Chen & Huang 1977:406 [ref. 8497], Mai 1978:33 [ref. 13511], Zheng et al. 1989:229 [ref. 21202], Zhu 1995:97 [ref. 25213], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:405 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2001:22 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:85 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus multitaeniatus Pellegrin & Chevey 1936. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: Vietnam and China. Habitat: freshwater.

murgo, Cyprinus carpio var. Dybowski [B. N.] 1869:950 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 19; ref. 1169] Onon River, Amur River basin, Russia. No types known. Original as mürgo, but not German, so murgo would be the correct spelling. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:831 [ref. 20661], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •In the synonymy of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, subspecies haematopterus Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Sideleva 2001:53 [ref. 26181] as murgo, Sideleva 2003:10 [ref. 27815] as murgo). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:321 [ref. 30085], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:659 [ref. 34853]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

nigroauratus, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:492, 547, Pl. 16 (fig. 2) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] China. No types known. Original as nigro-auratus First reviser apparently Chen & Hwang in Wu 1877:414 gave precedence to C. rubrofuscus. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497], Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:321 [ref. 30085], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

nordmannii, Cyprinus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:66, Pl. 456 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Market in Odessa, from rivers Dniester and Bug, Ukraine. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3375. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:11 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1141 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

nudus, Cyprinus Bloch [M. E.] 1784:178 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 3; ref. 19645] Schlesien, Poland. No types known. On p. 154 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 3 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subsepecies nudu Bloch 1784 -- (Shrestha 2008:63 [ref. 29923]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

obesus, Cyprinus Basilewsky [S.] 1855:228, Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou v. 10; ref. 200] Rivers. No types at ZIN. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989] with quesion). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

oblongus, Cyprinus carpio var. Antipa [G.] 1909:117, Pl. 8 (fig. 36) [Publicatiuniule fondului Vasilie Adamachi, Academia Româna [Fauna ichtiologica a romaniei, de dr. Gr. Antipa]. v. 3 (no. 16); ref. 15922] Danube River delta, Romania. No types known. Original not seen. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

regina, Cyprinus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1836:fasc. 18, punt. 92, Pl. 108 (fig. 1) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4892] Rivers Arno, Tevere and Aniene, lakes Trasimeno and Bracciano, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6616-23 (8), MNHN 0000-0751 (1), USNM 2863 [=10144] (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:11 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1142 [ref. 20712], Böhlke 1984:88 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

regius, Cyprinus Nau [B. S.] 1791:29 [Der Naturforscher No. 25; ref. 22987] Unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus rexcyprinorum Bloch 1782 (see Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952]). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus regius Molina 1782. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rex, Cyprinus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:24 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Germany and Czech Republic. No types known. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rexcyprinorum, Cyprinus Bloch [M. E.] 1782:107, 193, Pl. 17 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 1; ref. 19643] Near Torgau, Elbe River, Sachsen, Germany; [Franken] Bavaria, Germany; [Böhmen] Czech Republic. Syntypes: ZMB 3195 (2), 32626 (1, left skin). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:73-74 [ref. 24282]. Originally as Rex cyprinorum, but apparently intended as a species. Cyprinus macrolepidotus Schinz 1822 is an unneeded replacement name (see Daget 1968:1058 [ref. 26392]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rondeletii, Cyprinus Shaw [G.] in Shaw & Nodder 1802:no page number, Pl. 556 [The Naturalist's Miscellany; ref. 4013] Lyon, France. No types known. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rubrofuscus, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:490, 530, Pl. 16 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] China. No types known. Originally as rubro-fuscus, corection mandatory. See Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831] for remarks on systematics and nomenclature. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies -- (Chen & Huang 1977:413 [ref. 8497], Zhou in Chu & Chen 1989:337 [ref. 13584], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213]). •Valid as Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2001:22 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2001:45 [ref. 25780], Naseka & Bogutskaya 2004:282 [ref. 27838], Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:33 [ref. 28933], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:321 [ref. 30085], Kottelat & Leisher 2012:240 [ref. 32277], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989], Miesen et al. 2016:82 [ref. 34492] as cf. rubrofuscus, Dyldin & Orlov 2016:658 [ref. 34853], Dyldin et al. 2021:20 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:64 [ref. 38158], Fu et al. 2021:9571 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:153 [ref. 39830], Dyldin et al. 2023:[12] [ref. 40328] with question, Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2023:30 [ref. 40667], Çiçek et al. 2024:145 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: China and Russia; introduced elsewhere, also as ornamental carp varieties. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

sculponeatus, Cyprinus Richardson [J.] 1846:290 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:209, Pl. 16b [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497], Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:86 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

specularis, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:489, 528 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Unneeded new name for Cyprinus rexcyprinorum Bloch 1782. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies -- (Das et al. 1964:103 [ref. 27487], Sen 1995:504 [ref. 23778], Shrestha 2008:63 [ref. 29923]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

specularis, Cyprinus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:178 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Danube River. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.140 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:212 [ref. 13434] but as holotype. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Wheeler 1958:212 [ref. 13434], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

striatus, Cyprinus Holandre [J.] 1837:242 [Faune du département de la Moselle; ref. 23022] Ditches of city of Metz, Moselle River, ponds of Belletanche, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Also appeared as same in Holandre 1837:2 [ref. 23075]; earliest not researched. •A hybrid between Cyprinus carpio x Carassius carassius -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

triangulus, Cyprinus carpio var. Wu [H.-W.] 1939:95, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Sinensia v. 10 (nos 1-6); ref. 4805] Yangso, Li Kiang, southern China. Syntypes: 206-07 (2), 609 (1). Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831] treats triangulus Wu, Yue & Huang 1963 -- needs research to see if it is independent of Cyprinus carpio triangulus Wu 1939. •Synonym of Cyprinus multitaeniatus Pellegrin & Chevey 1936 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:406 [ref. 8497], Zheng et al. 1989:229 [ref. 21202], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:405 [ref. 25272], Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:85 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus multitaeniatus Pellegrin & Chevey 1936. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

triangulus, Cyprinus carpio Wu [H.-W.], Yang [G.-R.], Yue [P.-Q.] & Huang [H.-J.] 1963:43 [The economic fauna of China; ref. 12576] China. No types known. May be the same as Cyprinus carpio var. triangulus Wu 1939. •Synonym of Cyprinus multitaeniatus Pellegrin & Chevey 1936 -- (Kottelat 2013:95 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus multitaeniatus Pellegrin & Chevey 1936. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

viridescens, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:492, 541, Pl. 17 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Rouen, France. No types known. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:56 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

viridiviolaceus, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:492, 547, Pl. 16 (fig. 3) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] China. No types known. Originally as viridi-violaceus. First reviser possibly Chen & Hwang in Wu 1977:414. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497], Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies -- (Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:115 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:321 [ref. 30085], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

vittatus, Cyprinus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:72 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Java, Indonesia. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus vittatus Rafinesque 1817. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus (Lacepède 1803) -- (Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

vulgaris, Carpio Rapp [W. L. von] 1854:141 [Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 3608] Lake Constance, central Europe. No types known. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:57 [ref. 22952], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856], Kottelat 2013:94 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

yuankiang, Cyprinus carpio Wu [H.-W.], Yang [G.-R.], Yue [P.-Q.] & Huang [H.-J.] 1963:43 [The economic fauna of China; ref. 12576] China. Original not seen. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Chen & Huang 1977:414 [ref. 8497], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Zhang et al. 2016:84 [ref. 34477]). •Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.