Species that contain: Gymnothorax and richardsonii [ 11 ] records

ceramensis, Muraena Bleeker [P.] 1852:297 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 16825] Wahai, northern Ceram, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 7200. Paralectotypes: (2) BMNH 1867.11.28.272 (1), RMNH 7200 (2, ? Now 1). Bleeker specimens: NMV 46150-51 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:100-101 [ref. 26380]. Lectotype selected by Böhlke & Smith 2002:100-101 [ref. 26380]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:101 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

chrysops, Muraena Kaup [J. J.] 1857:70 [Catalogue of the apodal fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2573] Tahiti, Society Islands. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-2118. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1993:99 [ref. 20810], Böhlke & Smith 2002:102-103 [ref. 26380]. Appeared first without description in Kaup 1856:58 [ref. 2572]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:103 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

diplodon, Muraena Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1855:460 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855; ref. 3449] Ibo, Querimba Island, Mozambique. Syntypes: ZMB 4006 (2), 4007 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:105-106 [ref. 26380]. Also described as new in Peters 1855:272 [ref. 13448]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:106 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

florisiana, Muraena Bleeker [P.] 1854:334 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 343] Larantuka, Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Island, Indonesia. Apparenttly not syntypes: RMNH 7200 (2) not identifiable from lot of 6 specimens; . Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:111-112 [ref. 26380]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:111 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

modesta, Muraena Kaup [J. J.] 1859:21, Pl. 4 (fig. 2) [Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften herausgegeben von dem Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 2586] Zanzibar, Tanzania, western Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): ZMH 3772. Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:413 [ref. 21161], Böhlke & Smith 2002:128 [ref. 26380]. •Valid as Gymnothorax modesta (Kaup 1859) -- (Pequeño 1989:25 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:128 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

multifasciata, Thyrsoidea Kaup [J. J.] 1857:87 [Catalogue of the apodal fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2573] Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 3789. Paralectotypes: RMNH 3788 (1, dry, poor condition). Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:130 [ref. 26380]. Also in Kaup 1856:62. Lectotype selected by Böhlke & Smith 2002:130 [ref. 26380]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:130 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

richardsonii, Muraena Bleeker [P.] 1852:296 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 16825] Wahai, northern Ceram and Padang, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 7201. Paralectotypes: RMNH (1). Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1867.11.28.267 (1) Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:145 [ref. 26380]. Lectotype selected by Böhlke & Smith 2002:145 [ref. 26380]. Muraena richardsonii and M. ceramensis were described in the same publication; Günther 1870:118 serves as first reviser selecting richardsonii over ceramensis.3 •Valid as Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Castle & McCosker 1986:172 [ref. 5645], Hatooka in Masuda et al. 1984:25 [ref. 6441] as richardsoni, Hatooka 1986:379 [ref. 22522] as richardsoni, Chen et al. 1994:52 [ref. 22258] as richardsoni, Allen 1997:54 [ref. 23977] as richardsoni, Chen et al. 1997:21 [ref. 26476] as richardsoni, Myers 1999:50 [ref. 23965] as richardsoni, Fricke 1999:52 [ref. 24106], Böhlke et al. 1999:1657 [ref. 24692] as richardsoni, Nakabo 2000:206 [ref. 25086] as richardsoni, Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:585 [ref. 25122] as richardsoni, Sadovy & Cornish 2000:34 [ref. 25480] as richardsoni, Kimura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:109 [ref. 27511] as richardsoni, Nakabo 2002:206 [ref. 26001] as richardsoni, Böhlke & Smith 2002:145 [ref. 26380], Allen & Adrim 2003:23 [ref. 26830] as richardsoni, Myers & Donaldson 2003:611 [ref. 27495] as richardsoni, Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:11 [ref. 27510], Randall et al. 2004:7 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:47 [ref. 28239], Imamura 2009:20 [ref. 30434] as richardsoni, Zhang et al. 2010:275 [ref. 31511] as richardsoni, Fricke et al. 2011:350 [ref. 31242], Allen & Erdmann 2012:93 [ref. 31980], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155], Fricke et al. 2014:20 [ref. 33932], Ho et al. 2015:160 [ref. 34130], Koeda et al. 2016:8 [ref. 35333], Fricke et al. 2018:39 [ref. 35805], Allen et al. 2018:46 [ref. 36275], Fricke et al. 2019:52 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:62 [ref. 36871], Eudeline 2022:143 [ref. 39191], Smith & Böhlke 2022:63 [ref. 39681], Allen & Erdmann 2024:103 [ref. 40796]). Current status: Valid as Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Mayotte (France), Madagascar and Mascarenes (Mauritius) east to Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to Ryukyu Islands and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to New Caledonia and Cook Islands. Habitat: brackish, marine.

scoliodon, Muraena Bleeker [P.] 1852:43 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 5); ref. 339] Sibogha, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1867.11.28.327. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:146 [ref. 26380]. Appeared first in Bleeker 1852:297 [ref. 16825] without distinguishing features. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:146 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

troschelii, Muraena Bleeker [P.] 1852:45 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 5); ref. 339] Boleling, northern Bali; Sibogha, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 3784 [not 7201]. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:151 [ref. 26380]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:151 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

venosa, Muraena Kaup [J. J.] 1857:68 [Catalogue of the apodal fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2573] Timor Island, southern Malay Archipelago. Syntypes: RMNH (2) whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:153 [ref. 26380]. Appeared first without description in Kaup 1856:58 [ref. 2572]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:153 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

vermicularis, Muraena Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1855:459 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855; ref. 3449] Querimbo Island, Ibo, Mozambique, Africa. Holotype (unique): ZMB 4005. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:153 [ref. 26380]. Also described as new in Peters 1855:271 [ref. 13448]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:153 [ref. 26380] as Muraena richardsonii, Smith 2012:26 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax richardsonii (Bleeker 1852). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.