Species that contain: Gymnura and marmorata [ 4 ] records

afuerae, Pteroplatea Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946:71, Fig. 16 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 189; ref. 2161] Lobos de Afuera Island, Peru. Holotype (unique): USNM 77709. •Synonym of Gymnura marmorata (Cooper 1864) -- (Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:62 [ref. 24555]). •Valid as Gymnura afuerae (Hildebrand 1946) -- (Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], Jacobsen & Bennett 2009:21 [ref. 30470], Smith et al. 2009:762 [ref. 31278]). •Synonym of Gymnura crebripunctata (Peters 1869) -- (Last & Yearsley 2016:5 [ref. 34940], Weigmann 2016:142 [ref. 34211] see remarks). Current status: Synonym of Gymnura crebripunctata (Peters 1869). Gymnuridae. Habitat: marine.

crebripunctata, Pteroplatea Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1869:703 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1869; ref. 14098] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico (purchased). Holotype (unique): ZMB 7068. Type catalog: Paepke & Schmidt 1988:179 [ref. 21041]. •Synonym [male] of Gymnura marmorata (Cooper 1863) -- (authors). •Valid as Gymnura crebripunctata (Peters 1869) -- (McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:758 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:53 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:35 [ref. 24545], Cota-Gómez et al. 1998:103 [ref. 24503], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:65 [ref. 24550], Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], Nelson et al. 2004:57 [ref. 27807], Jacobsen & Bennett 2009:21 [ref. 30470], Smith et al. 2009:762 [ref. 31278], Page et al. 2013:57 [ref. 32708], Weigmann 2016:142 [ref. 34211] see remarks, Yokota et al. 2016:514 [ref. 35009], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], González-Acosta et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38361], Gales et al. 2023:[3] [ref. 40704], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Gymnura crebripunctata (Peters 1869). Gymnuridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California (Mexico) south to Peru. Habitat: marine.

marmorata, Pteroplatea Cooper [J. G.] 1864:112, Fig. 25 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 1) v. 3 (sigs. 7-8); ref. 4877] San Diego, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): [ex Calif. State Coll. 674]. •Valid as Pteroplatea marmorata Cooper 1864 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:23 [ref. 39147]). •Valid as Gymnura marmorata (Cooper 1864) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:56 [ref. 9277], Nishida 1990:92 [ref. 19783], Allen & Robertson 1994:36 [ref. 22193], McEachran in Fischer et al. 1995:758 [ref. 22829], Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:54 [ref. 22793], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:36 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:62 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:64 [ref. 24550], Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], Nelson et al. 2004:57 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:14 [ref. 37547], Jacobsen & Bennett 2009:21 [ref. 30470], Smith et al. 2009:762 [ref. 31278], Page et al. 2013:57 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:143 [ref. 34871], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:131 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:143 [ref. 34211], Yokota et al. 2016:516 [ref. 35009], Kells et al. 2016:86 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:60 [ref. 35618], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:247 [ref. 37881], González-Acosta et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:29 [ref. 39279], Gales et al. 2023:[3] [ref. 40704], Page et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Gymnura marmorata (Cooper 1864). Gymnuridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico), including Gulf of California (Mexico). Records from southern Mexico to Peru probably based on misidentifications. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rava, Pteroplatea Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] in Jordan 1895:390 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 5; ref. 2394] Astillero at Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 11587 [not 1587]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:10-11 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Gymnura crebripunctata (Peters 1869) -- (Castro-Aguirre & Espinosa Pérez 1996:53 [ref. 22793], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:65 [ref. 24550]). •Synonym of Gymnura marmorata (Cooper 1864) -- (Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:131 [ref. 34398]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnura marmorata (Cooper 1864). Gymnuridae. Habitat: marine.