Species that contain: Hippocampus and guttulatus [ 9 ] records

bicuspis, Hippocampus Kaup [J. J.] 1856:13, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Catalogue of lophobranchiate fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2575] Gorée, Senegal. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5884. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:52 [ref. 19576]. •Valid as Hippocampus biscuspis Kaup 1856 -- (Dawson 1990:660 [ref. 17542], Kuiter 2009:108 [ref. 30404]). •Questionably a synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:164 [ref. 23993]). •Uncertain as Hippocampus species inquirenda -- (Lourie et al. 2016:45 [ref. 34632]). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic (if valid). Habitat: marine.

brevirostris, Hippocampus Schinz [H. R.] 1822:262 [Das Thierreich v. 2; ref. 3926] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Neotype: ZMMU P-676. Name appeared as Hyppocampus brevirostris. Also in Cuvier 1829 based on brief description and citation to "Will. J. 25, f. 5." Not here regarded as a replacement name, but a new name based on literature sources, including Syngnathus hippocampus of Bloch. Neotype designated by Vasil'eva 2007:325 [ref. 29769]. The neotype designations by Vasil'eva for hippocampus and brevirostris are regarded as disrupting stability for the eastern Atlantic seahorses -- involving nominal species (hippocampus, guttulatus, brevirostris and antiquorum) with their very complex underlying ancient literature references. It is suggested here that the International Commission should be petitioned to set aside Vasil'eva's neotypes and select new ones to fix hippocampus as the available name for the short-snouted species and to fix guttulatuslong-snouted species, and to suppress brevirostris as being an unused name. •Objective synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Daget 1968:1057 [ref. 26392]). •Valid as Hippocampus brevirostris Schinz 1822 -- (Herrera 1896:37 [ref. 39336], Vasil'eva 2007:325 [ref. 29769], Kuiter 2009:64 [ref. 30404]). •Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Wheeler 1973:278 [ref. 7190], Dawson 1990:660 [ref. 17542], Lourie et al. 1999:99 [ref. 23993], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:68 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:36 [ref. 36649], Lourie et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

guttulatus, Hippocampus Cuvier [G.] 1829:363 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Nice, France [old locality: Mediterranean Sea]. Neotype: MNHN 2016-0023. Based on brief description and citation to "Will. J. 25, f. 3." See comments under Hippocampus brevirostris on types and status of eastern Atlantic seahorses. Neotype designated by Lourie et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34632]. •Synonym of Hippocampus ramulosus Leach 1814 -- (Wheeler 1973:279 [ref. 7190], Dawson in Whitehead et al. 1986:631 [ref. 13676], Golani 2005:31 [ref. 37112]). •Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Vasil'eva 2007:72 [ref. 30517], Kuiter 2009:58 [ref. 30404], Parin et al. 2014:207 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:97 [ref. 23993], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:68 [ref. 26753], Choo & Liew 2003:271 [ref. 26841], Fricke et al. 2007:73 [ref. 29533], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:170 [ref. 31251], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:36 [ref. 36649], Lourie 2016:126 [ref. 34505], Fritzsche 2016:2236 [ref. 34608], Lourie et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34632], Hamilton et al. 2016:Supplement 2 [ref. 35615], Woodall et al. 2017:8 [ref. 36468], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:175 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:95 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:111 [ref. 37515], Dyldin et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37569], Kovačić et al. 2020:23 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:66 [ref. 38883], Kovačić et al. 2021:37 [ref. 39014], Niță et al. 2022:139 [ref. 40471], Ergüden & Ayas 2023:33 [ref. 40488]). Current status: Valid as Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: British Isles south to Portugal, including Azores and Madeira. Habitat: brackish, marine.

longirostris, Hippocampus Schinz [H. R.] (ex Willughby) 1822:262 [Das Thierreich v. 2; ref. 3926] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Original spelling as Hyppocampus longirostris; appeared in footnote. Based on Hippocampus non aculeatus incisuris raris of Willughby 1686:Pl. I.25, fig. 4 [ref. 30164]. •Synonym of Hippocampus ramulosus Leach 1814, but a valid subspecies -- (Daget 1968:1057, 1059 [ref. 26392]). •Synonym of Hippocampus ramulosus Leach 1814 -- (Wheeler 1973:279 [ref. 7190], Kuiter 2009:18 [ref. 30404]). •Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829 -- (Lourie et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

microcoronatus, Hippocampus hippocampus Slastenenko [E. P.] 1938:175 [Annales scientifiques de l'Université de Jassy Pt. 2 Sciences Naturelles v. 25 (pt 2, no. 1); ref. 18722] Black Sea and Sea of Azov. No types at ZIN. Unneeded new name for Hippocampus microstephanus Slastenenko 1937. •Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parin et al. 2014:207 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:97 [ref. 23993], Lourie et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Black Sea and Sea of Azov (if valid). Habitat: brackish, marine.

microstephanus, Hippocampus hippocampus Slastenenko [E. P.] 1937:81 [Archives of the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University v. 4; ref. 21851] Black Sea. Syntypes: none found at ZIN. •Synonym of Hippocampus ramulosus Leach 1814 -- (Wheeler 1973:279 [ref. 7190]). •Possibly valid (as Hippocampus microstephanus Slastenenko 1937) -- (Kuiter 2009:19 [ref. 30404]). •Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parin et al. 2014:207 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:97 [ref. 23993], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:68 [ref. 26753], Lourie et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Black Sea [if valid]. Habitat: brackish, marine.

multiannularis, Hippocampus guttulatus Ginsburg [I.] 1937:540, Figs. 56-57 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 83 (no. 2997); ref. 1801] Bay of Biscay, France, northeastern Atlantic. Holotype: UMMZ 111747. Paratypes: UMMZ 111748 (15), USNM 117545 [ex UMMZ 111748] (2). Additional material: 1 doubtfully referred. •Synonym of Hippocampus ramulosus Leach 1814 -- (Wheeler 1973:279 [ref. 7190]). •Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus but a valid subspecies as described -- (Piacentino & Luzzatto 2004:344 [ref. 28610]). •Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kuiter 2009:19 [ref. 30404]). •Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:97 [ref. 23993], Lourie et al. 2016:26 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

multiannularis, Hippocampus kuda Raj [B. S.] 1941:156 [Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress v. 27 (no. 3); ref. 13151] Madras coast, India. Syntypes: Madras Aquarium (probably not preserved). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Hippocampus guttulatus multiannularis Ginsburg 1937. •In the synonymy of Hippocampus kuda Bleeker 1852 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:109 [ref. 23993], Kuiter 2009:19 [ref. 30404], Kottelat 2013:305 [ref. 32989], Lourie et al. 2016:31 [ref. 34632]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus kuda Bleeker 1852. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: marine.

ramulosus, Hippocampus Leach [W. E.] in Leach & Nodder 1814:105, Pl. 47 (color) [Zoological miscellany; being descriptions of new, or interesting animals v. 1-3; ref. 2738] Locality not known, probably Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1982.6.17.41. •Valid as Hippocampus ramulosus Leach 1814 -- (Wheeler 1973:279 [ref. 7190], Dawson in Whitehead et al. 1986:631 [ref. 13676], Dawson 1990:660 [ref. 17542], Gomon 1997:250 [ref. 22842], Santos et al. 1997:74 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:65 [ref. 24952], Golani 2005:31 [ref. 37112], Golani 2021:35 [ref. 38303]). •In the synonymy of Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier 1829 -- (Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:68 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:36 [ref. 36649]). •Hippocampus species inquirenda -- (Lourie et al. 2016:45 [ref. 34632]). •Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kuiter 2009:19 [ref. 30404]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: marine.