Species that contain: Hippocampus and trimaculatus [ 7 ] records

dahli, Hippocampus Ogilby [J. D.] 1908:17 [Annals of the Queensland Museum No. 9 (pt 1); ref. 3285] Moreton Bay, Noosa, southern Queensland, Australia. Holotype: QM I.788. Paratypes: QM (missing). •Synonym of Hippocampus planifrons Peters 1877. •Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:125 [ref. 23993]). •Valid as Hippocampus dahli Ogilby 1908 -- (Kuiter 2001:308 [ref. 25900], Horne 2001:245 [ref. 25696], Paxton et al. 2006:826 [ref. 29073], Kuiter 2009:124 [ref. 30404], Larson et al. 2013:77 [ref. 32988], Lourie et al. 2016:22 [ref. 34632], Short et al. 2019:117 [ref. 36532]). Current status: Valid as Hippocampus dahli Ogilby 1908. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Northern and eastern Australia. Habitat: marine.

kampylotrachelos, Hippocampus Bleeker [P.] 1854:107 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7 (no. 1); ref. 16939] Priaman, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 7257. •Valid as Hippocampus kampylotrachelos Bleeker 1854 -- (Kuiter 2001:307 [ref. 25900], Allen & Adrim 2003:28 [ref. 26830], Paxton et al. 2006:827 [ref. 29073], Kuiter 2009:122 [ref. 30404]). •Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:125 [ref. 23993], Lourie et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Southern Indonesia [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

manadensis, Hippocampus Bleeker [P.] 1856:79 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 1 (6); ref. 352] Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 7256. •Valid as Hippocampus manadensis Bleeker 1856 -- (Kuiter 2009:125 [ref. 30404], Allen & Erdmann 2012:203 [ref. 31980]). •Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:125 [ref. 23993], Lourie et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: northern Sulawesi, Indonesia [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

mannulus, Hippocampus Cantor [T. E.] 1849:1370 [388], Pl. 11 (fig. 1) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 715] Sea of Penang, Malaysia. Syntypes: BMNH 1860.3.19.530-531 (2, dry). On p. 388 of separate. •Questionable synonym of Hippocampus comes Cantor 1849 -- (Kuiter 2009:18 [ref. 30404]). •Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:125 [ref. 23993], Lourie et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: marine.

planifrons, Hippocampus Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1877:851 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1876; ref. 3454] "Naturalists Channel", northwestern Australia, depth 10 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZMB 9387. •Questionably a synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:171 [ref. 23993]). •Valid as Hippocampus planifrons Peters 1877 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:422 [ref. 12442], Larson & Williams 1997:352 [ref. 23967], Francis 1993:159 [ref. 25479], Paulus 1999:2269 [ref. 24794], Johnson 1999:726 [ref. 25471], Kuiter 2001:310 [ref. 25900], Hutchins 2001:27 [ref. 25847], Paxton et al. 2006:827 [ref. 29073], Kuiter 2009:126 [ref. 30404], Lourie 2016:103 [ref. 34505], Lourie et al. 2016:35 [ref. 34632], Short et al. 2019:117 [ref. 36532]). Current status: Valid as Hippocampus planifrons Peters 1877. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Western Australia, Australia: Shark Bay to Exmouth. Habitat: marine.

takakurae, Hippocampus Tanaka [S.] 1916:423, Pl. 115 (fig. 341) [Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan v. 24; ref. 14939] Hojo, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZUMT (lost). The spelling takakuae is acceptable; early workers almost certainly Latinized the name first, and then added an 'e' (Art. 31.1.1) [WNE, 12 Mar. 2012] -- we suggest using takakurae when the species is treated as valid. •Valid as Hippocampus takakurae Tanaka 1916 -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:89 [ref. 6441], Gomon 1997:246 [ref. 22842] as tatakurae, Kuiter 2009:123 [ref. 30404] as takakurai). •Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 -- (Kim & Lee 1995:74 [ref. 22284], Lourie et al. 1999:125 [ref. 23993], Lourie et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: South China Sea to Japan [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

trimaculatus, Hippocampus Leach [W. E.] in Leach & Nodder 1814:104 [Zoological miscellany; being descriptions of new, or interesting animals v. 1-3; ref. 2738] Indian and Chinese seas. Syntypes: BMNH 1982.6.17.42 (1), .43 (1), .44-45 (2), .46-47 (2). Kuiter 2009:122 [ref. 30404] considers Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach in Leach & Nodder 1814 as unidentifiable, and splits the complex into H. kampylotrachelos Bleeker 1854, H. takakurae Tanaka 1916, H. dahli Ogilby 1908, H. manadensis Bleeker 1856, H. biocellatus Kuiter 2001, H. planifrons Peters 1877, H. montebelloensis Kuiter 2001 and H. zebra Whitley 1964. We believe that the frequently used name Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 should be retained for one of these species, but that action requires examination of the syntype series, revision of the complex and fixation of a lectotype for H. trimaculatus Leach 1814. •Undetermined (within genus Hippocampus) -- (Kuiter 2009:19, 122 [ref. 30404]). •Valid as Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 -- (Dawson 1986:453 [ref. 5650], Kim & Lee 1995 [ref. 22284], Gomon 1997:246 [ref. 22842], Larson & Williams 1997:352 [ref. 23967], Lourie et al. 1999:244 [ref. 23766], Lourie et al. 1999:125 [ref. 23993], Nakabo 2000:535 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:604 [ref. 25122], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:56 [ref. 25480], Nakabo 2002:535 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:233, 555 [ref. 26218], Choo & Liew 2003:271 [ref. 26841], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S102 [ref. 27377], Choo & Liew 2004:411 [ref. 28042], Randall 2005:111 [ref. 28239], Yoshida et al. 2013:71 [ref. 34464], Lourie 2016:104 [ref. 34505], Lourie et al. 2016:42 [ref. 34632], Zhang et al. 2016:385 [ref. 34762], Hamilton et al. 2016:Supplement 2 [ref. 35615], Han et al. 2017:134 [ref. 35660], Kim et al. 2020:87 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:37 [ref. 37637], Moots 2022:473 [ref. 39722], Bishop et al. 2024:[6] [ref. 40989]). Current status: Valid as Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: ?Persian Gulf; southern India east to Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.