Species that contain: Hyphessobrycon and eques [ 4 ] records

callistus, Tetragonopterus Boulenger [G. A.] 1900:2 [Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Università di Torino v. 15 (no. 370); ref. 14722] Carandosiñho near Corumba, Rio Paraguay, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Syntypes: (numerous) BMNH 1900.4.14.63-68 (6), MSNG 37718 (2), MZUT 1365 (1). Type catalog: Tortonese 1940:138 [ref. 21559], Tortonese 1961:182 [ref. 10343]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon callistus (Boulenger 1900) -- (Fernández & Butí 1996:252 [ref. 22775], Planquette et al. 1996:286 [ref. 22818], Almirón & Casciotta 1999:344 [ref. 24405], Lasso et al. 2001:95 [ref. 25928]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:224 [ref. 22743], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:141 [ref. 24509], Britski et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24147], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:102 [ref. 28130], Hein 2009:2 [ref. 30362], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.

eques, Chirodon Steindachner [F.] 1882:179 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse v. 19 (no. 19); ref. 20487] Villa Bella and Obidos, Amazon River, Brazil. Lectotype: NMW 95056. Paralectotypes: (several) NMW 59810 (2), 62693 (6). Original genus should have been Cheirodon. Species later described in more detail in Steindachner 1882:37 [ref. 14353]. Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899] list a lectotype. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:224 [ref. 22743], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:140 [ref. 24509], Britski et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24147], López et al. 2002:27 [ref. 27366], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Casciotta et al. 2003:102 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Almirón et al. 2004:674 [ref. 27987], Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Hein 2009:2 [ref. 30362], Mirande 2010:510 [ref. 31006], Sarmiento et al. 2014:47, 184 [ref. 35004], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Bragança et al. 2015:260 [ref. 34051], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[9] [ref. 35679], Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965], Guimarães et al. 2019:351 [ref. 36774], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2020:5 [ref. 39606], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Loureiro et al. 2023:78 [ref. 40506]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Guaporé River basins (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay). Introduced in French Guiana and other regions in Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

melasopterus, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Kennedy [C. H.] 1903:518 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 55; ref. 1260] Aguada, near Arroyo Trementina, Paraguay. Holotype: CAS 44381 [ex IU 10039]. Paratypes: (6) AMNH 1035 (1), CAS 44382 [ex IU 10040] (1), CAS [ex IU 10041] (orig. 5, not found); FMNH 52668 (2); ZMB 17147 (2). The spelling melasopterus possibly in error for melanopterus. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:224 [ref. 22743], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:148 [ref. 24509], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.

serpae, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:100 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Serpa (= Amazon River at Itacoatiara), Amazonas, Brazil. Syntypes: (46) CAS 42684 [ex IU 12652 & MCZ 20985] (5), MCZ 20985 (now 34), USNM 120269 [ex MCZ 20985] (6). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:27 [ref. 19022]. Author is M. L. Durbin. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon serpae Durbin 1908 -- (Chang & Ortega 1995:2 [ref. 24302]). •Valid as Hyphessobyson cf. serpae Durbin 1908 -- (Fuller et al. 1999:184 [ref. 25838]). •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:148 [ref. 24509], Britski et al. 1999:41 [ref. 24147], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Casciotta et al. 2003:102 [ref. 28130], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.