Species that contain: Parasyngnathus and penicillus [ 6 ] records

altirostris, Syngnathus Ogilby [J. D.] 1890:55 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 18492] Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Lectotype: AMS I.385. Paralectotypes: AMS B.7063 (1). Lectotype selected by Whitley 1943:177 [ref. 4703]. •Synonym of Parasyngnathus penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1984:76 [ref. 21119]). •Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1985:100 [ref. 6541], Paxton et al. 1989:420 [ref. 12442], Paxton et al. 2006:824 [ref. 29073], Kuiter 2009:278 [ref. 30404], Kottelat 2013:304 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

argyrostictus, Syngnathus Kaup [J. J.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) 1856:33 [Catalogue of lophobranchiate fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2575] Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 3849. Appeared first as name only in Kaup 1853:231. •Synonym of Parasyngnathus penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1981:90 [ref. 21124], Dawson 1984:75 [ref. 21119]). •Valid as Parasyngnathus argyrostictus (Kaup 1856) -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:86 [ref. 6441]). •Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1985:100 [ref. 6541], Kuiter 2009:278 [ref. 30404], Kottelat 2013:303 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

biserialis, Syngnathus Kaup [J. J.] (ex Gray) 1856:33 [Catalogue of lophobranchiate fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2575] India or China. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1982.5.12.1. •Synonym of Parasyngnathus penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1984:76 [ref. 21119]). •Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1985:100 [ref. 6541], Kuiter 2009:278 [ref. 30404]). Current status: Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

gazella, Hippichthys Whitley [G. P.] 1947:148 [Australian Zoologist v. 11 (pt 2); ref. 4708] Broome, Western Australia. Holotype: WAM P.2871-001. Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:15 [ref. 19335], Moore et al. 2008:16 [ref. 30117]. •Synonym of Parasyngnathus penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1984:76 [ref. 21119]). •Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1985:100 [ref. 6541], Paxton et al. 1989:420 [ref. 12442], Paxton et al. 2006:824 [ref. 29073], Kottelat 2013:304 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

penicillus, Syngnathus Cantor [T. E.] 1849:1368 [386] [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 715] Sea of Penang, Malaysia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1860.3.19.526. On p. 386 of separate. •Valid as Parasyngnathus penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1984:75 [ref. 21119]). •Valid as Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1985:100 [ref. 6541], Allen & Swainston 1988:46 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:420 [ref. 12442], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:451 [ref. 25598], Allen 1991:107 [ref. 21090], Kottelat et al. 1993:99 [ref. 23448], Randall 1995:102 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:72 [ref. 23977], Larson & Williams 1997:352 [ref. 23967], Carpenter et al. 1997:133 [ref. 23922], Takahashi et al. 1997:44 [ref. 24971], Sato et al. 1998:39 [ref. 24972], Paulus 1999:2271 [ref. 24794], Johnson 1999:726 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:524 [ref. 25086], Randall & Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:604 [ref. 25122], Sakai et al. 2001:91 [ref. 25693], Shimizu 2001:24 [ref. 25799], Hutchins 2001:27 [ref. 25847], Allen et al. 2002:337 [ref. 25930], Nakabo 2002:524 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S101 [ref. 27377], Paxton et al. 2006:824 [ref. 29073], Kuiter 2009:278 [ref. 30404], Jenkins & Mailautoka 2010:114 [ref. 30900], Larson et al. 2013:76 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:303 [ref. 32989], Fricke et al. 2014:47 [ref. 33932] with Bleeker as author, Hamilton et al. 2016:Supplement 1 [ref. 35615], Eagderi et al. 2019:134 [ref. 37020], Sonoyama et al. 2020:36 [ref. 37637], Cho & Kim 2021:197 [ref. 38851], Taki et al. 2021:341 [ref. 39830], Moots 2022:462 [ref. 39722], Stiller et al. 2022: Additional file p. 18 [ref. 39142], Jamandre 2023:176 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Oman east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to Sea of Japan (Korea, Japan) and Pacific coast of southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

quinquarius, Corythroichthys Snyder [J. O.] 1911:526 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 40 (no. 1836); ref. 4152] Tanegashima, Osumi Island, Japan. Holotype (unique): USNM 68227. Original genus should have been Corythoichthys. •Synonym of Parasyngnathus penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1984:76 [ref. 21119]). •Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849) -- (Dawson 1985:100 [ref. 6541], Kottelat 2013:304 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Hippichthys penicillus (Cantor 1849). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.