Species that contain: Phractocephalus and hemioliopterus [ 3 ] records

bicolor, Phractocephalus Spix [J. B. von] & Agassiz [L.] 1829:23, Pl. 6 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Amazon River. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155]. As Pirarara bicolor on plate. •Synonym of Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Boeseman 1983:108 [ref. 5329], Burgess 1989:282 [ref. 12860], Lundberg & Littmann in Reis et al. 2003:438 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155], Grant 2021:83 [ref. 38702]). Current status: Synonym of Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pimelodidae. Habitat: freshwater.

grunniens, Pimelodus Humboldt [F. H. A. von] in Humboldt & Valenciennes 1821:172 [Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland v. 2 (Title page 1833); ref. 5612] Río Orinoco, South America. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia grunniens Humboldt 1821, but perhaps a synonym of Phractocephalus hemiliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Machado-Allison et al. 2000:71 [ref. 26045], Nico 2001:147 [ref. 25828], Lundberg & Littmann in Reis et al. 2003:438 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155], Grant 2021:83 [ref. 38702]). Current status: Synonym of Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pimelodidae. Habitat: freshwater.

hemioliopterus, Silurus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:385 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Rio Maranham, Brazil. No types known. Type catalog: Silfvergrip & Paepke 1997:171-172 [ref. 24006], Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155].. Spelled hemiolicopterus in index, p. xlviii; hemioliopterus is the correct spelling (see Boeseman 1983:106 [ref. 5329]); often seen as hemiliopterus. •Valid as Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Boeseman 1983:105 [ref. 5329], Ortega & Vari 1986:14 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:282 [ref. 12860], Fuller et al. 1999:217 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:66 [ref. 26594], Lundberg & Littmann in Reis et al. 2003:438 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:336 [ref. 29155], Aguilera Coro et al. 2008:232 [ref. 29877], Barriga Salazar 2014:114 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:169, 192 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:93 [ref. 35633], Grant 2021:83 [ref. 38702], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:23 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pimelodidae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.