Genera that contain: Raja [ 79 ] records

Aetobatis Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:118 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1837; ref. 3067] Masc. Raja narinari Euphrasen 1790. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan & Evermann 1917:95. •Synonym of Aetobatus Blainville 1816 -- (Kottelat 2013:26 [ref. 32989], White 2014:150 [ref. 33490]). Current status: Synonym of Aetobatus Blainville 1816. Aetobatidae.

Aetobatus (subgenus of Raia) Blainville [H. de] 1816:112 [= 120] [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris v. 8; ref. 306] Masc. Raja aquila Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Aetobatis and Aetobates of authors are incorrect subsequent spellings. Type usually given as narinari designated by Müller & Henle 1837 or 38 (e.g. Jordan 1917:95 [ref. 2407]), but Whitley 1935:137 [ref. 6396] found aquila Linnaeus, designated by Bory de Saint-Vincent, v. 1, 1822:129 [ref. 3853]. The type species aquila is now placed in Myliobatis so research is needed. But Kottelat found narinari designated by Euphrasen 1790, 217 by subsequent designation of Jordan & Evermann 1917:95. •Valid as Aetobatus Blainville 1816 -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:16 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:132 [ref. 5648], Cappetta 1987:170 [ref. 6348], Paxton et al. 1989:49 [ref. 12442], Nishida 1990:98 [ref. 19783], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:76 [ref. 24550], Compagno & Last 1999:1511 [ref. 24637], Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:579 [ref. 26985], Compagno et al. 2005:77[ref. 29145], Allen et al. 2006:206 [ref. 29002], Kimura 2009:15 [ref. 30426], White et al. 2010:145 [ref. 30856] with type as narinari, Kottelat 2013:29 [ref. 32989] with type as narinari, White & Moore 2013:199 [ref. 33040], White et al. 2013:1 [ref. 33115], White 2014:150 [ref. 33490], White & Naylor 2016:436 [ref. 34575] in Aetobatidae, Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:131 [ref. 34398], Berthe et al. 2016:181 [ref. 34826], White & Last 2016:727 [ref. 35016], White et al. 2017:280 [ref. 35860], Ehemann et al. 2018:26 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:28 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:17 [ref. 36273], White & Ko'ou 2018:65 [ref. 35922], Fricke et al. 2019:46 [ref. 36673], Sales et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36645], Ebert et al. 2021:97 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Aetobatus Blainville 1816. Aetobatidae.

Amblyraja Malm [A. W.] 1877:120, 607 [ref. 2881] Fem. Raja radiata Donovan 1808. Type by subsequent designation. Misspelled once as Amblyraya by Malm (p. 607). Type designated by Jordan 1919:391 [ref. 4904]. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subgenus Amblyraja -- (Stehmann 1973:61 [ref. 7168], Ishihara & Ishiyama 1986:273 [ref. 5142], Ishihara 1987:277 [ref. 6264]). •Valid as Amblyraja Malm 1877 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:279 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:490 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:537 [ref. 26985], Hoese et al. 2006:181 [ref. 29001], Campagno & Ebert 2007:130 [ref. 30471], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Mabragaña et al. 2011:9 [ref. 31800], Delpiani et al. 2012:58 [ref. 31788], Ishihara et al. 2012:16 [ref. 31844], Parin et al. 2014:29 [ref. 33547], Last & Stewart 2015:177 [ref. 34224], Dyldin 2015:68 [ref. 34524], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:21 [ref. 34440], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:111 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:207 [ref. 35000], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:166 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:25 [ref. 36194], Ebert et al. 2021:78 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Amblyraja Malm 1877. Rajidae.

Anacanthes Ehrenberg [C. G.] in van der Hoeven 1832:179 [Handboek der Dierkunde; ref. 5061] Masc. Raja orbicularis Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by monotypy. Type species inferred from 'Les Anacanthes' of Ehrenberg in Cuvier 1829:400 [ref. 995] which appeared with vernacular name only. Not; preoccupied by Anacanthus Gray 1830. Unneeded replacement by Rhachinotus Cantor 1849. •Synonym of Paratrygon Duméril 1865. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Paratrygon Duméril 1865. Potamotrygonidae: Potamotrygoninae.

Arctoraja (subgenus of Breviraja) Ishiyama [R.] 1958:337 [145] [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Fem. Raja smirnovi Soldatov & Pavlenko 1915. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Bathyraja Ishiyama 1958, but a valid subgenus -- (Spies et al. 2011:58 [ref. 31143], Orr et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31854], Parin et al. 2014:29 [ref. 33547], Misawa et al. 2020:515 [ref. 37853]). •Valid as Arctoraja Ishiyama 1958 -- (Dyldin 2015:60 [ref. 34524], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:167 [ref. 35920]). Current status: Valid as Arctoraja Ishiyama 1958. Arhynchobatidae.

Argoraja (subgenus of Pavoraja) Whitley [G. P.] 1940:190 [The fishes of Australia. Part I; ref. 4700] Fem. Raja polyommata Ogilby 1910. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Dentiraja Whitley 1940. Current status: Synonym of Dentiraja Whitley 1940. Rajidae.

Astrape Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:117 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1837; ref. 3067] Fem. Raja capensis Gmelin 1789. Type by subsequent designation. Included species in 1837:117 as "Astrape M. u. H. (T. capensis und dipterygia aut. [= Bloch & Schneider 1801])." Also in Müller & Henle 1841:130 [ref. 3069] with same included species. Type perhaps not designated until Jordan 1919:193 [ref. 2410]. •Objective synonym of Narke Kaup 1826 -- (Compagno & Heemstra 2007:43 [ref. 29194]). Current status: Synonym of Narke Kaup 1826. Narkidae.

Atlantoraja (subgenus of Raja) Menni [R. C.] 1972:167 [Revista del Museo de La Plata, Sección Zoología v. 11 (no. 103); ref. 2979] Fem. Raia cyclophora [= Raja cyclophora] Regan 1903. Type by original designation. •Valid as Atlantoraja Menni 1972 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:280 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1629 [ref. 26568], Ishihara et al. 2012:13 [ref. 31844], Last et al. 2016:365 [ref. 35005], Soares et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38910]). Current status: Valid as Atlantoraja Menni 1972. Arhynchobatidae.

Bathyraja (subgenus of Breviraja) Ishiyama [R.] 1958:325 [133] [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Fem. Raja isotrachys Günther 1877. Type by original designation. •Valid as Bathyraja Ishiyama 1958 -- (Ishiyama & Hubbs 1968 [ref. 2309], Stehmann 1973:68 [ref. 7168], Ishiyama & Ishihara 1977 [ref. 5401], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:13 [ref. 6441], Ishihara & Ishiyama 1985 [ref. 5799], Hulley 1986:115 [ref. 5672], Stehmann 1986 [ref. 6151], Stehmann & Bürkel 1990:88 [ref. 21679], Miller 1993:483 [ref. 21297], Stehmann 1995:10 [ref. 22055], McEachran & Dunn 1998:278 [ref. 23312], Lamilla & Pequeño 1999:281 [ref. 24267], Compagno 1999:488 [ref. 25589], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:94 [ref. 25968], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Stehmann 2005:S23 [ref. 28647], Stehmann 2005:S39 [ref. 28648], Campagno & Ebert 2007:130 [ref. 30471], Spies et al. 2011:58 [ref. 31143], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Shinohara et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31715], Iglésias & Lévy-Hartmann 2012:38 [ref. 31781], Mabragaña et al. 2011:8 [ref. 31800], Orr et al. 2011:1 [ref. 31854], Ishihara et al. 2012:13 [ref. 31844], Parin et al. 2014:29 [ref. 33547], Stewart & Last 2015:184 [ref. 34225], Dyldin 2015:61 [ref. 34524], Pietsch & Orr 2015:17 [ref. 34694], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:23 [ref. 34440], Last et al. 2016:107 [ref. 34513], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:109 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:367 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:168 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Misawa et al. 2020:515 [ref. 37853], Ebert et al. 2021:77 [ref. 38234], Knuckey & Ebert 2022:6 [ref. 39306], Ebert et al. 2022:23 [ref. 39636]). Current status: Valid as Bathyraja Ishiyama 1958. Arhynchobatidae.

Batis Bonaparte [C. L.] 1838:204 [Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali e rendiconto dei lavori dell'Accademia della Scienze dell'Instituto di Bologna con appendice agraria. Bologna v. 2; ref. 4979] Fem. Raja radula Delaroche 1809. Type by original designation (see p. 2 of separate; also monotypic). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Batis Boie 1833 in Aves. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758 -- (Stehmann 1973:58 [ref. 7168]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Beringraja Ishihara [H.], Treloar [M.], Bor [P. H. F.], Senou [H.] & Jeong [C.-H.] 2012:23 [Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) No. 41; ref. 31844] Fem. Raja binoculata Girard 1855. Type by original designation. •Synonym as Raja Linnaeus 1758 -- (Parin et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Beringraja Ishihara, Treloar, Bor, Senou & Jeong 2012 -- (Dyldin 2015:69 [ref. 34524], Pietsch & Orr 2015:17 [ref. 34694], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:112 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:209 [ref. 35000], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:166 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:25 [ref. 36194]). Current status: Valid as Beringraja Ishihara, Treloar, Bor, Senou & Jeong 2012. Rajidae.

Caliraja Ebert [D. A.] 2022:3 [Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía v. 57 (no. esp.); ref. 39689] Fem. Raja inornata Jordan & Gilbert 1881. Type by original designation. •Valid as Caliraja Ebert 2022. Current status: Valid as Caliraja Ebert 2022. Rajidae.

Cephaleutherus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:48, 61 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Masc. Cephaleutherus maculatus Rafinesque 1810. Type by monotypy. Evidently based on a deformed Raja clavata. Eleutherocephalus Agassiz 1846:71, 136 [ref. 64] is an unjustified emendation. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Cephaloptera Cuvier [G.] (ex Duméril) 1816:138 [Le Règne Animal; ref. 993] Fem. Raja cephaloptera Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by absolute tautonymy. Genus name misspelled Chepaloptera by Cuvier 1831:295 [ref. 30378]. •Synonym of Mobula Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:77 [ref. 7167], White et al. 2018:55 [ref. 37171]). Current status: Synonym of Mobula Rafinesque 1810. Mobulidae.

Cephalopterus Risso [A.] (ex Duméril) 1810:14 [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Masc. Raja giorna Lacepède 1803. Type by subsequent designation. Type apparently first designated by Bancroft 1829:452 [ref. 5051]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cephalopterus Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809 in Aves; replaced by Pterocephalus Swainson 1838. On Official Index (Direction 44). •Synonym of Mobula Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:77 [ref. 7167], Cappetta 1987:177 [ref. 6348], White et al. 2018:55 [ref. 37171]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Mobula Rafinesque 1810. Mobulidae.

Cyclonarce Gill [T. N.] 1862:387 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 7 (art. 32); ref. 1783] Fem. Raja timlei Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Type stated (name in parentheses in key) as "Narcine Timlei Henle" which is R. timlei Bloch & Schneider. •Synonym of Narcine Henle 1834 -- (Cappetta 1987:162 [ref. 6348], Compagno & Heemstra 2007:43 [ref. 29194]). Current status: Synonym of Narcine Henle 1834. Narcinidae.

Dasyatis Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:16 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Fem. Dasyatis ujo Rafinesque 1810. Type by monotypy. Also in Rafinesque 1810:49 [ref. 3595], and if that technically was published before Rafinesque 1810:16 as above, then the type species of Dasyatis is here (W.N.E.) selected as Raja pastinaca Linnaeus (also includes Dasyatis attavilla Rafinesque); also this means Uroxis and Dasyatis both date to ref. 3595; I (W.N.E.) select Dasyatis over Uroxis. Dasibatis Agassiz 1846:117 [ref. 64] is an unjustified emendation. The family spelling is incorrect as Dasyatididae on Steyskal as used by Kottelat 2013. •Valid as Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:70 [ref. 7167], Capapé 1977:75 [ref. 20631], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:15 [ref. 6441], Compagno & Roberts 1984:4 [ref. 6167], Compagno & Roberts 1984:286 [ref. 8237], Compagno & Heemstra 1984:11 [ref. 8238], Compagno 1986:136 [ref. 5648], Cappetta 1987:163 [ref. 6348], Nishida & Nakaya 1988 [ref. 12554], Paxton et al. 1989:42 [ref. 12442], Nishida 1990:98 [ref. 19783], Nishida & Nakaya 1990:327 [ref. 20166], Séret in Lévêque et al. 1990:64 [ref. 21589], Kuang in Pan et al. 1991:22 [ref. 23876], Gomon et al. 1994:181 [ref. 22532], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:72 [ref. 24550], Last & Compagno 1999:1482 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:495 [ref. 25589], Rosenberger 2001:615 [ref. 25447], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:563 [ref. 26985], Compagno et al. 2005:70 [ref. 29145], Paxton et al. 2006:191 [ref. 28995], Carvalho et al. 2007:155 [ref. 30012], Scharpf 2007:2 [ref. 30398], Gomon 2008:138 [ref. 30616], Last & White 2008:275 [ref. 29693], Schwartz 2008:36 [ref. 36773], Ogihara et al. 2009:63 [ref. 31112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:15 [ref. 36649], Last & White 2013:1 [ref. 32949], Kottelat 2013:25 [ref. 32989], Parin et al. 2014:38 [ref. 33547], Last & Stewart 2015:198 [ref. 34224], Lim et al. 2015:11 [ref. 34441] in Dasyatidae, Dyldin 2015:73 [ref. 34524], Zhang et al. 2016:44 [ref. 34477], Last et al. 2016:354 [ref. 34581] in Dasyatinae, Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:127 [ref. 34398], Saadaoui et al. 2016:101 [ref. 34799], Last et al. 2016:529 [ref. 35010], Fricke et al. 2018:25 [ref. 35805], Ebert et al. 2021:91 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810. Dasyatidae: Dasyatinae.

Dasyatis Gray [J. E.] 1851:121 [List of the specimens of fish in the collection of the British Museum.; ref. 4939] Fem. Raja altavela Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Bigelow & Schroeder 1953:397 [ref. 6568]. Not Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810. Probably should not be regarded as an original description as Gray cites Dasyatis Rafinesque in synonymy. •In the synonymy of Gymnura van Hasselt 1823 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:72 [ref. 7167], Jacobsen & Bennett 2009:10 [ref. 30470]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnura van Hasselt 1823. Gymnuridae.

Dasybatis Blainville [H. de] 1825:12 [Faune Française; ou histoire naturelle Livr. 13 & 14; ref. 4991] Fem. Raja batis Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Jordan 1917:134 [ref. 2407] lists as above with author as Serville, but name can be considered an incorrect subsequent spelling of Dasybatus Blainville and author is Blainville; see remarks under Blainville 1825 [ref. 4991]. •Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Current status: Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Rajidae.

Dasybatus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1834:puntata 32 [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 517] Masc. Raja radula Delaroche 1809. Apparently appeared first in puntata 32, fasc. 6 under Raja marginata and spelled Leiobatus and Leiobatis; also appeared in puntata 68 under Raja radula. Bonaparte attributes the name to Blainville, so Bonaparte's treatment is not regarded as an original description. Also appeared in Bonaparte 1838:203 [ref. 4979] with Raja clavata Linnaeus 1758 as type species. •In the synonymy of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Dasybatus Garman [S.] (ex Klein) 1885:221 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 8 (no. 514); ref. 1532] Masc. Raja pastinaca Linnaeus 1758. Type by monotypy. Based on Dasybatus Klein 1775. Walbaum 1792 did not make available; names reproduced by Walbaum from Klein have been rejected by the ICZN. •Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810. Current status: Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810. Dasyatidae: Dasyatinae.

Dasybatus (subgenus of Raia) Blainville [H. de] 1816:112 [= 120] [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris v. 8; ref. 306] Masc. Raja clavata Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type apparently first designated by Bonaparte 1838:203 [ref. 4979]. Not Dasybatus Klein 1775. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758 -- (Stehmann 1973:58 [ref. 7168]). Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Dentiraja (subgenus of Raja) Whitley [G. P.] 1940:186 [The fishes of Australia. Part I; ref. 4700] Fem. Raja dentata Klunzinger 1872. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758 or Dipturus Rafinesque 1810 -- (earlier authors). •Valid as Dentiraja Whitley 1940 -- (Last & Gledhill 2008:109 [ref. 29650], Last et al. 2016:15 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:207, 209 [ref. 35000]). Current status: Valid as Dentiraja Whitley 1940. Rajidae.

Dipturus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:16 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Masc. Raja batis Linnaeus 1758. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, usually recognized as a valid subgenus Dipturus -- (Stehmann 1973:62 [ref. 7168], Ishihara & Ishiyama 1986:274 [ref. 5142], Ishihara 1987:242 [ref. 6264], Séret 1989 [ref. 12827], Jacob & McEachran 1994:433 [ref. 22422]). •Valid as Dipturus Rafinesque 1810 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:279 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:490 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:536 [ref. 26985], Hoese et al. 2006:181 [ref. 29001], Compagno et al. 2005:66 [ref. 29145], Compagno & Ebert 2007:130 [ref. 30471], Díaz de Astarloa et al. 2008:35 [ref. 29969], Jeong & Nakabo 2008:183 [ref. 29612], Last 2008:53 [ref. 29648], Last & White 2008:109 [ref. 30618], Last et al. 2008:9 [ref. 29647], Séret & Last 2008:99 [ref. 29649], Iglésias et al. 2010:319 [ref. 30586], Last & Lim 2010:107 [ref. 30853], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:13 [ref. 36649], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Mabragaña et al. 2011:7 [ref. 31800], Ishihara et al. 2012:16 [ref. 31844], Last & Alava 2013:214 [ref. 33041], Parin et al. 2014:35 [ref. 33547], Vargas-Caro et al. 2015:321 [ref. 33892], Last & Stewart 2015:178 [ref. 34224], Dyldin 2015:69 [ref. 34524], Bañón et al. 2016:301 [ref. 34397], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:113 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:15 [ref. 34941], Last et al. 2016:206 [ref. 35000], White et al. 2017:218 [ref. 35860], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:166 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:25 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:24 [ref. 35805], White & Ko'ou 2018:50 [ref. 35922], Concha et al. 2019:505 [ref. 36686], Ebert et al. 2021:79 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Rajidae.

Eleutherocephalus Agassiz [L.] 1846:71, 136 [Nomenclatoris Zoologici Index Universalis; ref. 64] Masc. Cephaleutherus maculatus Rafinesque 1810. An unjustified emendation of Cephaleutherus Rafinesque 1810. •In the synonymy of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Unjustified Emend.. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Fenestraja (subgenus of Neoraja) McEachran [J. D.] & Compagno [L. J. V.] 1982:423 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 32 (no. 2); ref. 2952] Fem. Raja plutonia Garman 1881. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Gurgesiella de Buen 1959, but a valid subgenus Fenestraja as described -- (McEachran 1984:57 [ref. 5225], Séret 1989 [ref. 12833]). •Valid as Fenestraja McEachran & Compagno 1982 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:279 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:491 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1629 [ref. 26568], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:535 [ref. 26985], Ishihara et al. 2012:17 [ref. 31844], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:115 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:14 [ref. 34941] in Gurgesiellidae, Weigmann et al. 2016:474 [ref. 35006], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:25 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Fenestraja McEachran & Compagno 1982. Gurgesiellidae.

Goniobatus Agassiz [L.] 1858:385 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 6 (1856-1859); ref. 73] Masc. Raja flagellum Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Aetobatus Blainville 1816 -- (Cappetta 1987:170 [ref. 6348], White et al. 2010:145 [ref. 30856], Kottelat 2013:29 [ref. 32989], White 2014:150 [ref. 33490]). Current status: Synonym of Aetobatus Blainville 1816. Aetobatidae.

Gymnura van Hasselt [J. C.] 1823:316 [Algemeene Konst- en Letter-bode voor het Jaar I Deel (no. 20); ref. 4513] Fem. Raja micrura Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Gymnura van Hasselt 1823 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:72 [ref. 7167], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:16 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:138 [ref. 5648], Cappetta 1987:165 [ref. 6348], Paxton et al. 1989:45 [ref. 12442], Nishida 1990:98 [ref. 19783], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:64 [ref. 24550], Compagno & Last 1999:1507 [ref. 24637], Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], Rosenberger 2001:615 [ref. 25447], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:576 [ref. 26985], Compagno et al. 2005:76 [ref. 29145] with author as Kuhl, Paxton et al. 2006:204 [ref. 28995], Schwartz 2008:38 [ref. 36773], Jacobsen & Bennett 2009:1 [ref. 30470] with inaccurate generic synonymy on pp. 9-10, Smith et al. 2009:762 [ref. 31278], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:15 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:40 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:75 [ref. 34524], Muktha et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 34680], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:131 [ref. 34398], Yokota et al. 2016:511 [ref. 35009], Yokota & Carvalho 2017:1 [ref. 35853], White et al. 2017:224 [ref. 35860], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:27 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:17 [ref. 36273], White & Ko'ou 2018:52 [ref. 35922], Ebert et al. 2021:97 [ref. 38234], Gales et al. 2023:[3] [ref. 40704]). Current status: Valid as Gymnura van Hasselt 1823. Gymnuridae.

Gymnura Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:117 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1837; ref. 3067] Fem. Raja asperrima Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by monotypy. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Gymnura van Hasselt 1823 in fishes, replaced by Urogymnus Müller & Henle 1837. •Synonym of Urogymnus Müller & Henle 1837 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:43 [ref. 12442]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Urogymnus Müller & Henle 1837. Dasyatidae: Urogymninae.

Hieroptera Fleming [J.] 1841:238 [The Edinburgh new philosophical journal; exhibiting a view of the progressive discoveries and improvements in the sciences and the arts. v. 31 (no. 62); ref. 1340] Fem. Hieroptera abredonensis Fleming 1841. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Based on a deformed specimen of Raja clavata. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Himantura Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:400 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 3 (pt. 1); ref. 13421] Fem. Raja sephen uarnak Forsskål 1775. Type by subsequent designation. Also appeared in (and may date to) Müller & Henle 1837:117. Type designated by Jordan & Evermann 1896:82 [ref. 2443]; also by Garman 1913:375 [ref. 1545] who unjustifiably emended spelling to Himanturus, as a subgenus of Dasybatus. •Valid as Himantura Müller & Henle 1837 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:72 [ref. 7167], Compagno & Roberts 1982:323 [ref. 8489], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:16 [ref. 6441], Compagno & Heemstra 1984:4 [ref. 8238], Compagno 1986:138 [ref. 5648], Paxton et al. 1989:42 [ref. 12442], Roberts 1989:22 [ref. 6439], Nishida 1990:98 [ref. 19783], Ishihara et al. 1993:23 [ref. 22461], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:71 [ref. 24550], Last & Compagno 1999:1480 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:496 [ref. 25589], Rosenberger 2001:615 [ref. 25447], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:563 [ref. 26985], Compagno et al. 2005:71 [ref. 29145], Last et al. 2006:19 [ref. 28719], Manjaji-Matsumoto & Last 2006:290 [ref. 28776], Paxton et al. 2006:193 [ref. 28995], Last & Manjaji-Matsumo 2008:283 [ref. 29694], Last et al. 2008:303 [ref. 29696], Manjaji-Matsumoto & Last 2008:293 [ref. 29695], Schwartz 2008:37 [ref. 36773], Kimura 2009:12 [ref. 30426], Last et al. 2012:20 [ref. 31993], Borsa et al. 2013{1 [ref. 32736], Last & White 2013:1 [ref. 32949], Kottelat 2013:26 [ref. 32989], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:144 [ref. 33423], Lim et al. 2015:13 [ref. 34441] in Himanturidae, Last et al. 2016:361 [ref. 34581] in Urogymninae, Last et al. 2016:378 [ref. 34638], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:524 [ref. 35010], Motomura et al. 2017:25 [ref. 35490], White et al. 2017:228 [ref. 35860], Fricke et al. 2018:26 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:15 [ref. 36273], White & Ko'ou 2018:54 [ref. 35922], Fricke et al. 2019:45 [ref. 36673], Ebert et al. 2021:92 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Himantura Müller & Henle 1837. Dasyatidae: Urogymninae.

Hongeo Jeong [C.-H.] & Nakabo [T.] 2009:141 [Ichthyological Research v. 56 (no. 2); ref. 30179] Masc. Raja koreana Jeong & Nakabo 1997. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Name based on "hong-eo," the Korean common for skates. •Valid as Hongeo Jeong & Nakabo 2009 -- (Last et al. 2016:206 [ref. 35000]). Current status: Valid as Hongeo Jeong & Nakabo 2009. Rajidae.

Hypanus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1818:272 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 3 (no. 4) (art. 4); ref. 5087] Masc. Raja say Lesueur 1817. •Synonym Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810 -- (Kottelat 2013:25 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Hypanus Rafinesque 1818 -- (Last et al. 2016:355 [ref. 34581] in Dasyatinae, Last et al. 2016:529 [ref. 35010], Ehemann et al. 2018:26 [ref. 36194], Petean et al. 2020:1 [ref. 37830], Petean et al. 2024:7 [ref. 40884]). Current status: Valid as Hypanus Rafinesque 1818. Dasyatidae: Dasyatinae.

Hypolophus Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:117 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1837; ref. 3067] Masc. Raja sephen Forsskål 1775. Type by subsequent designation (also subsequent monotypy). Also in Müller & Henle 1837:400 [ref. 13421] without species. Species added by Müller & Henle 1841:170 [ref. 3069] but earlier Bonaparte 1838:202 (p. 6 of separate) included one species and designated type (see p. 2 of separate). Spelled Hyplophus by Jordan 1923:104 [ref. 2421]. •Valid as Hypolophus Müller & Henle 1837 -- (Compagno 1986:140 [ref. 5648]). •Valid, but Pastinachus Rüppell 1829 may be a senior synonym -- (Paxton et al. 1989:43 [ref. 12442]). •Synonym of Pastinachus Rüppell 1829 - (Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:viii [ref. 21953], Last et al. 2005:2 [ref. 28346], Last & Manjaji-Matsumoto 2010:115 [ref. 30854] with question, Kottelat 2013:27 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Pastinachus Rüppell 1829. Dasyatidae: Hypolophinae.

Irolita Whitley [G. P.] 1931:97 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 18 (no. 3); ref. 4673] Fem. Raja waitii McCulloch 1911. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Irolita Whitley 1931 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:55 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:157 [ref. 22532], McEachran & Dunn 1998:280 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Hoese et al. 2006:183 [ref. 29001], Last & Gledhill 2008:173 [ref. 29655], Last & White 2008:119 [ref. 30618], Last et al. 2016:367 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Irolita Whitley 1931. Arhynchobatidae.

Laeviraja Bonaparte [C. L.] 1834:puntata 32 [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 517] Fem. Raja oxyrinchus Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Described in puntata 32, fasc. 6, under Raja marginata with other species mentioned; also in puntata 130, fasc. 25. Earliest subsequent type designation not researched, possibly by Bonaparte 1838: 203 [7 of separate] [ref. 4979]. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, subgenus Dipturus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Stehmann 1973:62 [ref. 7168]). •Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Current status: Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Rajidae.

Leucoraja Malm [A. W.] 1877:121, 609 [ref. 2881] Fem. Raja fullonica Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan 1919:391 [ref. 4904]. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subgenus Leucoraja -- (Stehmann 1973:64 [ref. 7168]). •Valid as Leucoraja Malm 1877 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:279 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:491 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:537 [ref. 26985], Last et al. 2008:145 [ref. 29653], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:13 [ref. 36649], Ishihara et al. 2012:18 [ref. 31844], Parin et al. 2014:36 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:70 [ref. 34524], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:116 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:208 [ref. 35000], Ehemann et al. 2018:25 [ref. 36194], Ebert & Leslie 2019:225 [ref. 37048], Ebert et al. 2021:81 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Leucoraja Malm 1877. Rajidae.

Malacobatis Gratzianov [V. I.] 1907:39 [Trudy Otdela Ichtiologii Imperatorskago Russkago Obshchestva Akklimatizacii Zivotnych' i Rastenii. v. 4; ref. 1871] Fem. Raja mucosa Steller 1814. Type by monotypy. Current status: Uncertain. Rajidae.

Malacoraja (subgenus of Raja) Stehmann [M. F. W.] 1970:151 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 21 (no. 2); ref. 4202] Fem. Raja mollis Bigelow & Schroeder 1950. Type by original designation. Type clearly designated originally as above on both pages 151 and 159, but in subsequent articles workers wrongly list Raja spinacidermis Barnard 1923 as type. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subgenus Malacoraja as described -- (Stehmann 1973:65 [ref. 7168]). •Valid as Malacoraja Stehmann 1970 -- (Stehmann 1978:89 [ref. 6982] and McEachran 1984:55 [ref. 5225] but with spinacidermis as type, Stehmann 1995:28 [ref. 22055], McEachran & Dunn 1998:278 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:491 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1629 [ref. 26568], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:537 [ref. 26985], de Carvalho et al. 2005:241[ref. 28271], Ishihara et al. 2012:19 [ref. 31844], Dyldin 2015:71 [ref. 34524], Last et al. 2016:206 [ref. 35000], Ebert et al. 2021:82 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Malacoraja Stehmann 1970. Rajidae.

Malacorhina (subgenus of Raja) Garman [S.] 1877:203, 207 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 19; ref. 1528] Fem. Raja (Malacorhina) mira Garman 1877. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Psammobatis Günther 1870. Current status: Synonym of Psammobatis Günther 1870. Arhynchobatidae.

Mobula Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:48, 61 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Fem. Mobula auriculata Rafinesque 1810 (= Raia mobular Bonnaterre 1788). Type by monotypy. Rafinesque's auriculata given as a substitute for Raja mobula of Lacepède (= R. mobular Bonnaterre). •Valid as Mobula Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:77 [ref. 7167], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:16 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:135 [ref. 5648], Cappetta 1987:177 [ref. 6348], Notarbartolo-Di-Sciara 1987 [ref. 9133], Paxton et al. 1989:51 [ref. 12442], Nishida 1990:98 [ref. 19783], Compagno & Last 1999:1525 [ref. 24637], Compagno 1999:498 [ref. 25589], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:587 [ref. 26985], Compagno et al. 2005:81 [ref. 29145], Allen et al. 2006:207 [ref. 29002], Marshall et al. 2009:1 [ref. 30599], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:16 [ref. 36649], Duffy 2015:203 [ref. 34217], Dyldin 2015:76 [ref. 34524], Duffy & Vogiatzis 2016:141 [ref. 34488], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:136 [ref. 34398], White & Last 2016:742 [ref. 35016], White et al. 2017:284 [ref. 35860], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:173 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:27 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:18 [ref. 36273], White et al. 2018:55 [ref. 37171], White & Ko'ou 2018:67 [ref. 35922], Brown et al. 2019:154 [ref. 36444], Fricke et al. 2019:48 [ref. 36673], Ebert et al. 2021:100 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Mobula Rafinesque 1810. Mobulidae.

Myliobatis Cuvier [G.] (ex Duméril) 1816:137 [Le Règne Animal; ref. 993] Fem. Raja aquila Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated first by Bory de Saint-Vincent, v. 14, 1828:449 [ref. 3853] (see Whitley 1935:137 [ref. 6396], but designated on p. 449 and not p. 499 as given by Whitley). Misspelled Myliobatus and Muliobatus by Billberg 1833:51 [ref. 34146]; see Kullander 2016:107 [ref. 34147] as Myliobates. •Valid as Myliobatis Cuvier 1816 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:74 [ref. 7167], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:16 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:133 [ref. 5648], Cappetta 1987:172 [ref. 6348], Paxton et al. 1989:49 [ref. 12442], Nishida 1990:98 [ref. 19783], Gomon et al. 1994:184 [ref. 22532], Compagno & Last 1999:1513 [ref. 24637], Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:579 [ref. 26985], Aguiar et al. 2004:1 [ref. 27571], Compagno et al. 2005:79 [ref. 29145], Allen et al. 2006:208 [ref. 29002], Gomon 2008:142 [ref. 30616], Schwartz 2008:39 [ref. 36773], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:15 [ref. 36649], White et al. 2010:141 [ref. 30856], White 2014:149, 157 [ref. 33490], Parin et al. 2014:40 [ref. 33547], White et al. 2015:521 [ref. 33767], Duffy 2015:204 [ref. 34217], Dyldin 2015:76 [ref. 34524], White & Naylor 2016:437 [ref. 34575] in Myliobatidae, Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:133 [ref. 34398], White & Last 2016:707 [ref. 35016], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:173 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:27 [ref. 36194], Ebert et al. 2021:98 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Myliobatis Cuvier 1816. Myliobatidae.

Narcacion Bleeker [P.] (ex Klein) 1865:171 [Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde v. 3; ref. 420] Masc. Several species mentioned; type listed by Jordan 1919:340 [ref. 4904] as Raja torpedo but that species not specifically mentioned by Bleeker. Narcacion Klein earlier made available by Gill 1861. Not intended by Bleeker as a new name. •Synonym of Torpedo Duméril 1805. Current status: Synonym of Torpedo Duméril 1805. Torpedinidae.

Narcobatus (subgenus of Raia) Blainville [H. de] 1816:121 [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris v. 8; ref. 306] Masc. Raja torpedo Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type usually given as designated by Jordan 1917:95 [ref. 2407], but torpedo was not an originally-included species. Type should be selected from the 11 listed by Blainville. Also as Narkobatus and Narcobatis in early literature. •Objective synonym of Torpedo Duméril 1805 (authorship often seen as Houttuyn 1764) -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:55 [ref. 7167], Cappetta 1987:161 [ref. 6348], Compagno & Heemstra 2007:43 [ref. 29194]). Current status: Synonym of Torpedo Duméril 1805. Torpedinidae.

Narke Kaup [J. J.] 1826:88 [Isis (Oken) v. 19 (no. 1); ref. 2568] Fem. Raja capensis Gmelin 1789. Type by monotypy. Also in Kaup 1826:365 [Arch. Anat. Physiol.] (not seen). •Valid as Narke Kaup 1826 -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:12 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:114 [ref. 5648], Compagno 1995:114 [ref. 21955], Compagno & Last 1999:1443 [ref. 24637], Compagno 1999:487 [ref. 25589], Compagno et al. 2005:64 [ref. 29145], Compagno & Heemstra 2007:37, 43 [ref. 29194], Shinohara et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31715], Dyldin 2015:58 [ref. 34524], Carvalho 2016:171 [ref. 34997], Fricke et al. 2018:22 [ref. 35805], Ebert et al. 2021:71 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Narke Kaup 1826. Narkidae.

Notoraja (subgenus of Breviraja) Ishiyama [R.] 1958:322 [130] [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Fem. Raja tobitukai Hiyama 1940. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Notoraja Ishiyama 1958 -- (Ishihara & Ishiyama 1986:272 [ref. 5142], Stehmann 1989:247 [ref. 13266], McEachran & Last 1994:413 [ref. 22016], McEachran & Dunn 1998:280 [ref. 23312], Last & Compagno 1999:1458 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Last & McEachran 2006:65 [ref. 28589], Last & McEachran 2006:65 [ref. 28931], Hoese et al. 2006:183 [ref. 29001], McEachran & Last 2008:155 [ref. 29654], Last & White 2008:120 [ref. 30618], Séret & Last 2009:24 [ref. 30312], Ishihara et al. 2012:13 [ref. 31844], Stewart & Last 2015:194 [ref. 34225], Concha et al. 2016:180 [ref. 34401], Last et al. 2016:368 [ref. 35005], White et al. 2017:219 [ref. 35200], White et al. 2017:216 [ref. 35860], White & Ko'ou 2018:50 [ref. 35922], Dolganov 2020: 60 [ref. 38192], Weigmann et al. 2021:1 [ref. 38188]). Current status: Valid as Notoraja Ishiyama 1958. Arhynchobatidae.

Okamejei (subgenus of Raja) Ishiyama [R.] 1958:354 [162] [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Fem. Raja fusca Garman 1885. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subgenus Okamejei as described -- (Ishihara & Ishiyama 1986:274 [ref. 5142], Ishihara 1987:248 [ref. 6264]). •Valid as Okamejei Ishiyama 1958 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:279 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:491 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Compagno et al. 2005:67 [ref. 29145], Jeong et al. 2007:62 [ref. 29187], Campagno & Ebert 2007:130 [ref. 30471], Last & Gledhill 2008:119 [ref. 29561], Last et al. 2010:89 [ref. 30852], Last & Lim 2010:101 [ref. 30853], Ishihara et al. 2012:19 [ref. 31844], Parin et al. 2014:36 [ref. 33547], Weigmann et al. 2015:18 [ref. 33795], Dyldin 2015:71 [ref. 34524], Last et al. 2016:207, 209 [ref. 35000], Motomura et al. 2017:24 [ref. 35490], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:167 [ref. 35920], Misawa et al. 2022:1 [ref. 39282], Ng et al. 2023:103 [ref. 40183]). Current status: Valid as Okamejei Ishiyama 1958. Rajidae.

Pastinaca Swainson [W.] 1838:172 [The natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, & reptiles, or monocardian animals. v. 1; ref. 4302] Fem. Pastinaca olivacea Swainson 1839 (= Raja pastinaca Linnaeus 1758). Type by subsequent designation. Species added in 1839:192, 319 [ref. 4303]. Could be considered a replacement name for Himantura based on footnote, p. 172. Type apparently first designated by Jordan & Evermann 1896:24 [ref. 2443] if not regarded as a replacement name. Misspelled as Pastenaca in German translation. •Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:70 [ref. 7167], Compagno & Roberts 1984:4 [ref. 6167], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:73 [ref. 24550]). •Regarded as a replacement name, and a synonym of Himantura Müller & Henle 1837 -- (Kottelat 2013:26 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Himantura Müller & Henle 1837. Dasyatidae: Urogymninae.

Pastinachus (subgenus of Trigon) Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1829:51 [Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3843] Masc. Raja sephen Forsskål 1775. Type by subsequent designation. Original not examined. Type designated by Garman 1913:375 [ref. 1545]. •Appears to be a senior synonym of currently-recognized genus Hypolophus Müller & Henle 1837 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:43 [ref. 12442], Last & Compagno 1999:1482 [ref. 24639]). •Valid as Pastinachus Rüppell 1829 -- (Compagno 1999:496 [ref. 25589], Rosenberger 2001:615 [ref. 25447], Last et al. 2005:2 [ref. 28346], Compagno et al. 2005:74 [ref. 29145], Roberts 2007:285 [ref. 29413], Schwartz 2008:38 [ref. 36773] as Pastinacus, Last & Manjaji-Matsumoto 2010:116 [ref. 30854], Last et al. 2010:121 [ref. 30855], Kottelat 2013:27 [ref. 32989], Lim et al. 2015:13 [ref. 34441] in Pastinachidae, Last et al. 2016:364 [ref. 34581] in Hypolophinae, Last et al. 2016:527 [ref. 35010], White et al. 2017:248 [ref. 35860], Fricke et al. 2018:26 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:16 [ref. 36273], White & Ko'ou 2018:59 [ref. 35922], Ebert et al. 2021:94 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Pastinachus Rüppell 1829. Dasyatidae: Hypolophinae.

Pavoraja Whitley [G. P.] 1939:254 [Australian Zoologist v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4695] Fem. Raja nitida Günther 1880. Type by original designation. •Valid as Pavoraja Whitley 1939 -- (McEachran 1984:56 [ref. 5225], Paxton et al. 1989:56 [ref. 12442], McEachran & Last 1994:413 [ref. 22016], Gomon et al. 1994:158 [ref. 22532], McEachran & Dunn 1998:280 [ref. 23312], Last & Compagno 1999:1458 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], Hoese et al. 2006:184 [ref. 29001], Last et al. 2008:3 [ref. 29704], Last & White 2008:122 [ref. 30618], Last et al. 2016:368 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Pavoraja Whitley 1939. Arhynchobatidae.

Perioptera Gistel [J.] 1848:XI [Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs; ref. 1822] Fem. Hieroptera abredonensis Fleming 1841. Type by being a replacement name. Apparently a replacement for Peroptera in fishes; according to Fowler 1969:537 [ref. 6832] it is an unneeded replacement for Hieroptera Fleming 1841; Peroptera as used by Gistel 1848:XI also regarded as an emendation or replacement. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Platipornax (subgenus of Rhinobatos) Whitley [G. P.] 1939:244 [Australian Zoologist v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4695] Masc. Raja thouin Anonymous [Lacepède] 1798. Type by monotypy. Treated as masculine, Art. 30.2.4. •Synonym of Rhinobatos Linck 1790, but a valid subgenus Platipornax as described -- (Compagno 1999:485 [ref. 25589], as Platypornax). •Synonym of Glaucostegus Bonaparte 1846. Current status: Synonym of Glaucostegus Bonaparte 1846. Glaucostegidae.

Platopterus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1815:93 [Analyse de la nature; ref. 3584] Masc. Raja miraletus Linnaeus 1758. Type by being a replacement name. A "Platopterus R. Raja L." meaning a new name Platopterus Rafinesque for Raja Linnaeus. Based on style in this work, this is an available (unneeded) replacement name for and objective synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Also appeared as new in Rafinesque 1818:272 [ref. 5087]. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Propterygia Otto [A. W.] 1821:111 [Nova Acta Physico-Medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldina-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum v. 10; ref. 3321] Fem. Propterygia hyposticta Otto 1821. Type by monotypy. Apparently based on a deformed specimen of Raja batis. Description and figure as given by Otto are reproduced in Fleming 1841:238 [ref. 1340], in which Fleming dates to Otto 1821. •Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Current status: Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Rajidae.

Pterocephalus Swainson [W.] 1838:170, 174 [The natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, & reptiles, or monocardian animals. v. 1; ref. 4302] Fem. Raja giorna Lacepède 1803. Type by being a replacement name. Dates to Swainson 1838:170, 174, with P. massena Swainson mentioned (= Cephalopterus massena Risso 1810) but technically a replacement name for Cephalopterus (see footnote p. 174). Spelled Pterocephala by Swainson 1839 [ref. 4303]. •Synonym of Mobula Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:77 [ref. 7167] as Pterocephala, Cappetta 1987:177 [ref. 6348], White et al. 2018:56 [ref. 37171]). Current status: Synonym of Mobula Rafinesque 1810. Mobulidae.

Pteroplatea Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:117 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1837; ref. 3067] Fem. Raja altavela Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation (and subsequent monotypy). Also in Müller & Henle 1838:90 [ref. 3066] without species. Species added in Müller & Henle 1841:168 [ref. 3069] but apparently earlier by Bonaparte 1838:202 [ref. 4979] where altavela was designated type (see p. 2 of separate). •Synonym of Gymnura van Hasselt 1823 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:72 [ref. 7167], Cappetta 1987:165 [ref. 6348], Jacobsen & Bennett 2009:10 [ref. 30470]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnura van Hasselt 1823. Gymnuridae.

Raia Linnaeus [C.] 1758:231 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Fem. Raia miraletus Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Bonaparte 1838:7 (of separate) [ref. 4979]. Later spelled Raja or Raya by authors, nowadays Raja is accepted as the correct spelling. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Raja Linnaeus [C.] 1758:231 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Fem. Raja miraletus Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Bonaparte 1838:7 (of separate) [ref. 4979]. Also appeared as new (sensu Bellonius) in Billberg 1833:51 [ref. 34146]; see Kullander 2016:107 [ref. 34147]. Spelled Raia or Raya by authors. •Valid as Raja Linnaeus 1758 -- (Stehmann 1973:58 [ref. 7168], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:13 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:118 [ref. 5672], Ishihara 1987 [ref. 6264], Cappetta 1987:143 [ref. 6348] including fossils, Paxton et al. 1989:56 [ref. 12442], Stehmann & Bürkel 1990:94 [ref. 21679], Miller 1993:479 [ref. 21297], Gomon et al. 1994:161 [ref. 22532], Stehmann 1995:36 [ref. 22055], Jeong et al. 1995:207 [ref. 22733], McEachran & Dunn 1998:280 [ref. 23312], Last & Compagno 1999:1453 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:492 [ref. 25589], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:94 [ref. 25968], Last & Yearsley 2002:1629 [ref. 26568], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:537 [ref. 26985], Genz et al. 2007:1 [ref. 29332], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:13 [ref. 36649], Ishihara et al. 2012:19 [ref. 31844], Parin et al. 2014:37 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:72 [ref. 34524], Pietsch & Orr 2015:17 [ref. 34694], Last & Séret 2016:477 [ref. 34640], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:117 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:209 [ref. 35000], Fricke et al. 2018:24 [ref. 35805], Ebert et al. 2021:83 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Rajabutis De la Pylaie [A. J. M.] 1835:528 [Congrès Scientifique de France v. 2 (Sept. 1834) (art. 5); ref. 1086] Fem. Raja mosaica Lacepède 1802. Misspelled Rajabatis in 1990 edition of the "Genera." Perhaps not intended as a generic name (Jordan 1919:183 [ref. 2410]). Not available, no distinguishing features. •In the synonymy of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae.

Rajella (subgenus of Raja) Stehmann [M. F. W.] 1970:151 [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 21 (no. 2); ref. 4202] Fem. Raja fyllae Lütken 1887. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subgenus Rajella as described -- (Stehmann 1978 [ref. 6981]). •Valid as Rajella Stehmann 1970 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:279 [ref. 23312], Long & McCosker 1999:49 [ref. 23764], Compagno 1999:492 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1640 [ref. 26568], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:537 [ref. 26985], Campagno & Ebert 2007:131 [ref. 30471], Last & Stehmann 2008:135 [ref. 29652], Last & White 2008:124 [ref. 30618], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Ishihara et al. 2012:19 [ref. 31844], Stehmann 2012:46 [ref. 31995], Weigmann et al. 2014:359 [ref. 33443], Parin et al. 2014:37 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:72 [ref. 34524], Bañón et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34397], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:120 [ref. 34398], Last et al. 2016:208 [ref. 35000], Ehemann et al. 2018:25 [ref. 36194], Ebert et al. 2021:84 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Rajella Stehmann 1970. Rajidae.

Rhachinotus Cantor [T. E.] 1849:1404 [422] [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 715] Masc. Raja africana Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by original designation. Intended as unneeded replacement for Anacanthus [sic, Anacanthes] Ehrenberg in van der Hoeven 1833, not preoccupied by Anacanthus Gray 1830 in fishes, and Serville 1832 in Coleoptera. Type different from Anacanthes Ehrenberg in van der Hoeven 1833. •Synonym of Urogymnus Müller & Henle 1837. Current status: Synonym of Urogymnus Müller & Henle 1837. Dasyatidae: Urogymninae.

Rhinobatos Linck [H. F.] 1790:32 [Magazin für das Neueste aus der Physik und Naturgeschichte, Gotha v. 6 (no. 3) (art. 3); ref. 4985] Masc. Raja rhinobatos Linnaeus 1758. No included species; first technical addition of species not researched; type usually regarded as R. rhinobatos Linnaeus, assumed from tautonymy; technical subsequent designation not researched. •Valid as Rhinobatos Linck 1790 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:53 [ref. 7167], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:12 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:129 [ref. 5648], Compagno & Randall 1987 [ref. 9128], Paxton et al. 1989:53 [ref. 12442], Randall & Compagno 1995:289 [ref. 22577], McEachran & Dunn 1998:278 [ref. 23312], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:58 [ref. 24550], Compagno & Last 1999:1425 [ref. 24637], Compagno 1999:485 [ref. 25589], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:528 [ref. 26985], Last 2004:207 [ref. 27765], Compagno et al. 2005:62 [ref. 29145], Paxton et al. 2006:178 [ref. 28994], Last et al. 2006:261 [ref. 29418], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:12 [ref. 36649], Last et al. 2014:32 [ref. 33525], Last et al. 2016:470 [ref. 34473] in Rhinobatidae, Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:105 [ref. 34398], White et al. 2016:588 [ref. 34839], Séret et al. 2016:78 [ref. 34993], Ebert & Gon 2017:205 [ref. 35352], Motomura et al. 2017:24 [ref. 35490], White et al. 2017:206 [ref. 35860], Fricke et al. 2018:23 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:15 [ref. 36273], White & Ko'ou 2018:48 [ref. 35922], Fricke et al. 2019:43 [ref. 36673], Last et al. 2019:257 [ref. 36614], Ebert et al. 2021:76 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Rhinobatos Linck 1790. Rhinobatidae.

Rhinobatus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:353 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Masc. Raja rhinobatos Linnaeus 1758. Type usually regarded as by tautonymy, but Linnaeus' spelling of the species was rhinobatos; earliest subsequent designation not researched. •Synonym of Rhinobatos Linck 1790 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:53 [ref. 7167], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:58 [ref. 24550], Paxton et al. 2006:178 [ref. 28994]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinobatos Linck 1790. Rhinobatidae.

Rhinoraja Ishiyama [R.] 1952:24 [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 2307] Fem. Raja kujiensis Tanaka 1916. Type by original designation. •Valid as Rhinoraja Ishiyama 1952 -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:14 [ref. 6441], Ishihara & Ishiyama 1986:272 [ref. 5142], Raschi & McEachran 1991:1902 [ref. 16689], McEachran & Dunn 1998:278 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1629 [ref. 26568], Spies et al. 2011:80 [ref. 31143], Mabragaña et al. 2011:8 [ref. 31800], Ishihara et al. 2012:13 [ref. 31844], Parin et al. 2014:37 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:67 [ref. 34524], Last et al. 2016:367 [ref. 35005], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:172 [ref. 35920]). Current status: Valid as Rhinoraja Ishiyama 1952. Arhynchobatidae.

Rioraja Whitley [G. P.] 1939:254 [Australian Zoologist v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4695] Fem. Uraptera agassizii Müller & Henle 1841. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Uraptera Müller & Henle 1837, preoccupied by Uraptera Billberg 1820 in Lepidoptera. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758 -- (authors). •Valid as Rioraja Whitley 1939 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:280 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:489 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1629 [ref. 26568], Last et al. 2016:365 [ref. 35005]). Current status: Valid as Rioraja Whitley 1939. Arhynchobatidae.

Rostroraja (subgenus of Raja) Hulley [P. A.] 1972:77 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 60 (pt 1); ref. 5611] Fem. Raja alba Lacepède 1803. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subgenus Rostroraja as described -- (Stehmann 1973:66 [ref. 7168], Stehmann 1976:170 [ref. 7085]). •Valid as Rostroraja Hulley 1972 -- (McEachran & Dunn 1998:279 [ref. 23312], Compagno 1999:492 [ref. 25589], Last & Yearsley 2002:1629 [ref. 26568] as Rostoraja, Campagno & Ebert 2007:131 [ref. 30471], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:14 [ref. 36649], Ishihara et al. 2012:19 [ref. 31844], Last et al. 2016:209 [ref. 35000], Ehemann et al. 2018:25 [ref. 36194], Fricke et al. 2018:25 [ref. 35805], Ebert et al. 2021:87 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Rostroraja Hulley 1972. Rajidae.

Spiniraja (subgenus of Raja) Whitley [G. P.] 1939:251 [Australian Zoologist v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4695] Fem. Raja (Spiniraja) ogilbyi Whitley 1939. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758. •Valid as Spiniraja Whitley 1939 -- (Weigmann 2016:123 [ref. 34211], Last et al. 2016:208 [ref. 35000]). Current status: Valid as Spiniraja Whitley 1939. Rajidae.

Stoasodon Cantor [T. E.] 1849:1416 [434] [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 715] Masc. Raja narinari Euphrasen 1790. Type by being a replacement name. Unneeded replacement for Aetobatis Müller & Henle 1837. On page 434 of separate. •Synonym of Aetobatus Blainville 1816 -- (Cappetta 1987:170 [ref. 6348], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:76 [ref. 24550], White et al. 2010:145 [ref. 30856], Kottelat 2013:29 [ref. 32989], White 2014:150 [ref. 33490], White & Naylor 2016:436 [ref. 34575]). Current status: Synonym of Aetobatus Blainville 1816. Aetobatidae.

Tengujei (subgenus of Raja) Ishiyama [R.] 1958:354, 377[162,185] [Journal of the Shimonoseki College of Fisheries v. 7 (nos 2-3); ref. 2308] Fem. Raja tengu Jordan & Fowler 1903. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Raja Linnaeus 1758, subgenus Dipterus Rafinesque 1810 -- (see Ishihara & Ishiyama 1986:274 [ref. 5142]). •Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Current status: Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810. Rajidae.

Torpedo Houttuyn [M.] 1764:Pt. 6, p. 453 [Natuurlyke historie; ref. 2219] Fem. Raja torpedo Linnaeus 1758. Type by absolute tautonymy (generally accepted). Type by tautonymy. Appeared in pt. 6 (Amphibia) of Houttuyn 1764 [ref. 2219]. The name Torpedo was used by Houttuyn not for a genus but for a species (F. Welter-Schultes, pers. comm., June 2005). The genus must therefore date to Duméril 1805. Also appeared as new (sensu Plinius) in Billberg 1833:51 [ref. 34146]; see Kullander 2016:107 [ref. 34147]. •Should be regarded as a species name; see Torpedo Duméril 1805 -- (Welter-Schultes & Feuerstein 2008:141-143 [ref. 30327]). •Valid as Torpedo Duméril 1805 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:55 [ref. 7167], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:12 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:112 [ref. 5648], Parin & Kotlyar 1985:707 [ref. 17260], Cappetta 1987:161 [ref. 6348], Paxton et al. 1989:61 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:156 [ref. 22532], Compagno & Last 1999:1450 [ref. 24637], Compagno 1999:487 [ref. 25589], Carvalho et al. 2002:5 [ref. 26091], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:90 [ref. 25968], McEachran & Carvalho 2003:516 [ref. 26985], Compagno et al. 2005:65 [ref. 29145], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:12 [ref. 36649], Ehemann et al. 2018:26 [ref. 36194], Golani & Fricke 2018:14 [ref. 36273], Ebert et al. 2021:72 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Synonym of Torpedo Duméril 1805. Torpedinidae.

Torpedo Duméril [A. M. C.] 1805:102, 343 [Zoologie analytique; ref. 1151] Fem. Raja torpedo Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent monotypy. Appeared without species, first addition of species probably by Bonaparte 1838:7 (of separate) [ref. 4979]. Torpedo Houttuyn 1764 and Torpedo Forsskål 1775 are presented as species names and not generic names, so the authorship is changed to Duméril 1805 (see Fricke 2008:10, 18 [ref. 30182]) •Valid as Torpedo Duméril 1805 -- (Haas & Ebert 2006:1 [ref. 28818], Paxton et al. 2006:165 [ref. 28995], Gomon 2008:101 [ref. 30616], Pietsch & Orr 2015:17 [ref. 34694], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:100 [ref. 34398], Carvalho et al. 2016:185 [ref. 34999], Fricke et al. 2018:21 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Torpedo Duméril 1805. Torpedinidae.

Torpedo Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:48, 60 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Fem. Raja torpedo Linnaeus 1758. Type by absolute tautonymy. Raja torpedo Linnaeus renamed by Rafinesque as T. ocellata; two additional "R. torpedo var. Linn." were also renamed by Rafinesque. •Synonym of Torpedo Duméril 1805. Current status: Synonym of Torpedo Duméril 1805. Torpedinidae.

Trygon Cuvier [G.] (ex Adanson) 1816:136 [Le Règne Animal; ref. 993] Fem. Raja pastinaca Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type apparently designated first by Bory de Saint-Vincent, v. 13, 1828:99 [ref. 3853] (see Whitley 1935:138 [ref. 6396]). •Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:70 [ref. 7167], Compagno & Roberts 1984:4 [ref. 6167], Cappetta 1987:163 [ref. 6348], Kottelat 2013:25 [ref. 32989], Parin et al. 2014:38 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810. Dasyatidae: Dasyatinae.

Trygonobatis (subgenus of Raja) Blainville [H. de] 1825:35 [Faune Française; ou histoire naturelle Livr. 13 & 14; ref. 4991] Fem. Raja pastinaca Linnaeus 1758. Type by monotypy. As a section of Raja; apparently only one species mentioned by name. Perhaps best considered an unjustified emendation of, or new spelling for Trygonobatus Blainville 1818. •In the synonymy of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810 -- (Kottelat 2013:25 [ef. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810. Dasyatidae: Dasyatinae.

Trygonobatus (subgenus of Raia) Blainville [H. de] 1816:112 [= 120] [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris v. 8; ref. 306] Masc. Raja pastinaca Linnaeus 1758. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Lesson, v. 16, 1830:374 [ref. 13391] (see Whitley 1935:137 [ref. 6396]); Lesson's spelling was Trigonobatus. •Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810 -- (Krefft & Stehmann 1973:70 [ref. 7167], Compagno & Roberts 1984:4 [ref. 6167], Kottelat 2013:25 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810. Dasyatidae: Dasyatinae.

Urogymnus Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:434 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 3 (pt. 1); ref. 13421] Masc. Raja asperrima Bloch & Schneider 1801. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Gymnura Müller & Henle 1837, preoccupied by Gymnura van Hasselt 1823 in fishes. •Valid as Urogymnus Müller & Henle 1837 -- (Compagno 1986:141 [ref. 5648], Paxton et al. 1989:43 [ref. 12442], Séret in Lévêque et al. 1990:74 [ref. 21589], Last & Compagno 1999:1481 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:497 [ref. 25589], Compagno et al. 2005:75 [ref. 29145], Paxton et al. 2006:196 [ref. 28995], Kimura 2009:14 [ref. 30426], Carvalho & Lovejoy 2011:18 [ref. 31182] of uncertain validity, Last et al. 2016:362 [ref. 34581] in Urogymninae, Last et al. 2016:162 [ref. 34634], Iqbal & Yustian 2016:333 [ref. 34942], Last et al. 2016:523, 526 [ref. 35010], White et al. 2017:264 [ref. 35860], Fricke et al. 2018:27 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:16 [ref. 36273], White & Ko'ou 2018:62 [ref. 35922], Windusari et al. 2019:337 [ref. 37369], Iqbal et al. 2019:371 [ref. 37370], Sen et al. 2020:91 [ref. 37564], Ebert et al. 2021:96 [ref. 38234]). Current status: Valid as Urogymnus Müller & Henle 1837. Dasyatidae: Urogymninae.

Urolophus Müller [J.] & Henle [F. G. J.] 1837:117 [Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1837; ref. 3067] Masc. Raja cruciata Lacepède 1804. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Can date to Müller & Henle 1837:117 as above; also 1838:90 [ref. 3066]. See also Müller & Henle 1841:173 [ref. 3069]. Misspelled Usolophus by Müller & Henle 1838:85 [ref. 3066]. •Valid as Urolophus Müller & Henle 1837 -- (Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:15 [ref. 6441], Cappetta 1987:165 [ref. 6348], Paxton et al. 1989:46 [ref. 12442], Nishida 1990:98 [ref. 19783], Gomon et al. 1994:175 [ref. 22532], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:66 [ref. 24550], Last & Compagno 1999:1470 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:494 [ref. 25589], Séret & Last 2003:307 [ref. 27523], Yearsley & Last 2006:41 [ref. 28667], Paxton et al. 2006:199 [ref. 28994], Schwartz 2008:34 [ref. 36773], Yearsley et al. 2008:261 [ref. 29691], Gomon et al. 2008:129 [ref. 30619], Shinohara et al. 2011:39 [ref. 31715], White & Last 2013:239 [ref. 33242], Dyldin 2015:76 [ref. 34524], Yearsley & Last 2016:38 [ref. 34939], Last et al. 2016:677 [ref. 35015], Motomura et al. 2017:25 [ref. 35490], White et al. 2017:274 [ref. 35860], White & Ko'ou 2018:64 [ref. 35922], Fricke et al. 2019:44 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Urolophus Müller & Henle 1837. Urolophidae.

Uroxys Rafinesque [C. S.] 1818:272 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 3 (no. 4) (art. 4); ref. 5087] Masc. Raja maclura Lesueur 1817 Type by monotypy. Apparently an unused senior synonym of Gymnura van Hasselt 1823. •In the synonymy of Gymnura van Hasselt 1823. Current status: Synonym of Gymnura van Hasselt 1823. Gymnuridae.

Zearaja Whitley [G. P.] 1939:254 [Australian Zoologist v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4695] Fem. Raja nasuta Müller & Henle 1841. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Dipturus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Concha et al. 2019:505 [ref. 36686]). •Valid as Zearaja Whitley 1939 -- (Last & Gledhill 2007:48 [ref. 29177], Vargas-Caro et al. 2015:321 [ref. 33892], Last & Stewart 2015:179 [ref. 34224], Last et al. 2016:207 [ref. 35000], Gabbanelli et al. 2018:458 [ref. 36350], Figueroa et al. 2024:18 [ref. 40977]). Current status: Valid as Zearaja Whitley 1939. Rajidae.