Species that contain: Rhamdia and quelen [ 51 ] records

barbata, Rhamdia Meek [S. E.] 1907:106 [Field Columbian Museum, Zoölogical Series v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 2959] Lagoon at San Francisco, Guatemala. Holotype: FMNH 5906. Paratypes: FMNH 5907 (1), 59530 (7). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:74 [ref. 12367], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155] •Valid as Rhamdia barbata Meek 1907 -- (Villa 1982:120 [ref. 36708], Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Probably a synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) -- (Bussing 1998:150 [ref. 24179]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

baronismuelleri, Pimelodus Troschel [F. H.] in Müller 1865:636 (v. 3) [Reisen in den Vereinigten Staaten, Canada und Mexico; ref. 14184] "Pacific" [Pacific side of Mexico]. Syntypes: (4) lost. Type catalog: Silfvergrip & Paepke 1997:172 [ref. 24006], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. Originally Baronis Mülleri, correction mandatory. •Valid as Pimelodus baronismuelleri Troschel 1865 -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Possibly a synonym of Rhamdia lauticauda (Kner 1858). Current status: Uncertain as Rhamdia lauticauda (Kner 1858). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bathyurus, Pimelodus Cope [E. D.] 1878:674 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 17 (no. 101); ref. 945] Peruvian Amazon. Lectotype: ANSP 21437. Paralectotypes: ANSP 21438 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:141 [ref. 13621], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155] Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:28, 139 [ref. 22347]. •Valid as Rhamdia bathyura (Cope 1878) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860] as bathyurus). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:28 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

boucardi, Pimelodus Regan [C. T.] 1907:258 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 19 (no. 111); ref. 15175] Yucatán, Mexico. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1880.7.13.33. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Probably a synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

branneri, Rhamdia Haseman [J. D.] 1911:377, Pl. 75 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 7 (nos 3-4) (19); ref. 2048] Creek of the Rio Iguaçú near Serrinha, Paraná, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 54235 [ex CM 2851]. Paratypes: FMNH 54236 [ex CM 2852], FMNH 54237 [ex CM 2853] (1). Type catalog: Henn 1928:78 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:74 [ref. 12367], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347] with lectotype FMNH 54236, Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Rhamdia branneri Haseman 1911 -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860], López et al. 2002:59 [ref. 26808], Garavello & Shibatta 2016:[3] [ref. 34385], Koerber et al. 2017:5 [ref. 35083], Ribolli et al. 2017:[5] [ref. 35238], Koerber et al. 2019:6 [ref. 36736], Mirande & Koerber 2020:2 [ref. 37594], Reis et al. 2020:466 [ref. 38364]). Current status: Valid as Rhamdia branneri Haseman 1911. Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: South America: Iguaçu River basin (Brazil and Argentina). Habitat: freshwater.

bransfordii, Rhamdia Gill [T. N.] 1877:337 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 28 (for 1876); ref. 17633] Camp Marie Caretta, Panama. Holotype (unique): USNM 16674. Type catalog: Ferraris & Vari 1992:37 [ref. 19771], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Probably a synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cinerascens, Pimelodus Günther [A.] 1860:237 [5], Pl. 10 (fig. A) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1860 (pt 2) (art. 8); ref. 18211] Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Lectotype: BMNH 1860.6.16.193. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1860.6.16.213 (1) Guayaquil. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. On p. 5 of separate. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:22, 134 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Rhamdia cinerascens (Günther 1860) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:35 [ref. 37559], Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860], Perdices et al. 2002:174 [ref. 26367], Hernández et al. 2015:576 [ref. 34223]). Current status: Valid as Rhamdia cinerascens (Günther 1860). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: South America: Ecuador. Habitat: freshwater.

cuprea, Pimelodus (Rhamdia) queleni var. Steindachner [F.] 1877:623 [65] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4224] Rio Parahyba at Juiz de Fora. Brazil. Lectotype: NMW 45789. Paralectotypes: (several) NMW 45790 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155] with lectotype as NMW 45877 [needs checking]. On p. 65 of separate. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:27 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cuyabae, Pimelodus (Rhamdia) Steindachner [F.] 1877:633 [76] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4224] Cuiabá [Cuyaba], Brazil. Lectotype: NMW 45919:1 (123.1 mm SL). Paralectotypes: NMW 45919 (3, now 2), ZSM 4823 [ex NMW 45919] (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155], Neumann 2011:275 [ref. 31652]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:28, 142 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

decolor, Rhamdia guatemalensis Hubbs [C. L.] 1936:201, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Carnegie Institution of Washington Publications No. 457 (art. 17); ref. 2247] San Bulha Cave, Motul, Yucatán, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 102217. Paratypes: UMMZ 102125 (17, now 16), USNM 117602 [ex UMMZ 102125] (2). Type catalog: Ferraris & Vari 1992:38 [ref. 19771], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155] •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860], Scharpf 2006:20 [ref. 30386]). •Mention -- (Romero & Paulson 2001:26 [ref. 26040]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

deppei, Pimelodus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] 1849:3 [Horae Ichthyologicae No. 3; ref. 3073] Mexico [not Hawaii]. Lectotype: ZMB 3046. Paralectotypes: ZMB 3047 (1). Type catalog: Silfvergrip & Paepke 1997:169 [ref. 24006], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155] Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:15 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). •Probably a synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

depressa, Rhamdia Barbour [T.] & Cole [L. J.] 1906:155, Pl. 1 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 50 (no. 5); ref. 15639] Ikil Cenote, near Chichen-Itza, Yucatán, Mexico. Lectotype: MCZ 29072 (193.2 mm SL). Paralectotypes: MCZ 29072 (orig. 11, now 8), UMMZ 95832 [ex MCZ 29072] (1), USNM 120433 [ex MCZ 29072] (1). Type catalog: Ferraris & Vari 1992:37 [ref. 19771], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:30, 133 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864), but a valid subspecies -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860], Scharpf 2006:20 [ref. 30386]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

dorsalis, Rhamdia Gill [T. N.] 1870:94 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 22; ref. 17630] Río Marañon or Río Napo, Amazon system, Peru or Ecuador. Holotype (unique): USNM 35334. Type catalog: Ferraris & Vari 1992:38 [ref. 19771], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia dorsalis Gill 1870 -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:35 [ref. 37559], Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

duquei, Rhamdia Eigenmann [C. H.] & Pearson [N. E.] in Eigenmann & Allen 1942:93 [Fishes of western South America; ref. 1246] Rio Urubamba, Santa Ana, Peru. Holotype (indistinguishable) and paratypes = syntypes: CAS-SU 57895 (36). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia duquei Eigenmann & Pearson 1942 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gairmard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:36 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

erythropterus, Silurus Bloch [M. E.] 1794:42, Pl. 369 (fig. 2) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 8; ref. 463] America [in error]. Syntypes: ZMB 3048 (1), 8786 (1, stuffed, lost) Type catalog: Paepke 1999:113, and errata on inside of back cover [ref. 24282], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. On p. 17 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 11 [ref. 21381]. •Questionably a synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

gilli, Rhamdia Starks [E. C.] 1906:769, Pl. 65 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 30 (no. 1468); ref. 10101] Río Eten, Eten, western Peru. Holotype: USNM 53472 [not at CAS-SU]. Paratypes: CAS-9592 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:44 [ref. 12291], Ferraris & Vari 1992:38 [ref. 19771], Ferraris 2007:196 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia gilli Starks 1906 -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347]). •Tentatively as synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Bockmann & Miquelarena 2008:45 [ref. 29643]). •Valid as Rhamdella gilli (Starks 1906) -- (Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:422 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:196 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Valid as Rhamdella gilli (Starks 1906). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: Río Chancay basin, pacific coast Peru. Habitat: freshwater.

godmanni, Pimelodus Günther [A.] 1864:124 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Rio San Geronimo, Guatemala. Lectotype: BMNH 1864.1.26.94. Paralectotypes:: (at least 8) BMNH 1856.3.17.38 (1), 1856.3.17.39-40 (2) Mexico, 1864.1.26.99-100 (2) Rio Motagua. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:24, 133 [ref. 22347] but that specimen not from an original locality so invalid -- Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]; but this is a valid lectotype designation (R. Morgenstern, 8/30/2014). •Valid as Rhamdia godmanni (Günther 1864) -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) -- (see Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:28 [ref. 22290]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

guatemalensis, Pimelodus Günther [A.] 1864:122 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Huamuchal, Guatemala. Lectotype: BMNH 1864.1.26.210. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1864.1.26.211 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:Table 1, p. 18 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Bichuette & Trajano 2005:594 [ref. 28555], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) -- (Greenfield et al. 1982:563 [ref. 8980], Villa 1982:121 [ref. 36708], Bussing 1987:107 [ref. 22927], Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860], Gamboa Pérez 1992:308 [ref. 38704], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:28 [ref. 22290], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:86 [ref. 22947], Weber & Wilkens 1998:998 [ref. 23617], Bussing 1998:148 [ref. 24179], Romero & Paulson 2001:26 [ref. 26040], Wilkens 2001:253 [ref. 26397], Perdices et al. 2002:174 [ref. 26367], Weber et al. 2003:273 [ref. 27394], Nelson et al. 2004:83 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:172 [ref. 28615], Scharpf 2006:20 [ref. 30386], Matamoros et al. 2009:10 [ref. 31241], McMahan et al. 2013:444 [ref. 32422], Page et al. 2013:83 [ref. 32708], Angulo et al. 2013:993 [ref. 33194], Hernández et al. 2015:576 [ref. 34223], Ribolli et al. 2017:[5] [ref. 35238], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:92 [ref. 35633], González-Murcia et al. 2019:291 [ref. 36544], Angulo et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37425], Barraza et al. 2022:209 [ref. 40101], Angulo et al. 2023:27 [ref. 40676], Guenavad-González et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40500], Page et al. 2023:77 [ref. 40505], Escobar Camacho et al. 2024:8 [ref. 40892]). Current status: Valid as Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: Southern North America, Central America: Atlantic slope of Mexico south to Colombia, including cave systems; Pacific slope of Costa Rica. Introduced in Ecuador. Habitat: freshwater.

heteracantha, Rhamdia Regan [C. T.] 1907:134 [Biologia Centrali-Americana Part 215; ref. 3629] Juan Viñas, Costa Rica. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1907.6.28.32. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia heteracantha Regan 1907 -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Probably a synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) -- (Bussing 1998:150 [ref. 24179]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

hilarii, Pimelodus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:180 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Río São Francisco, Brazil. Lectotype: MNHN A-9415 (dry). Paralectotypes: MNHN A-9414 (1, dry) Brazil, A-9416 (1, dry) Brazil, B-0679 (1) Uruguay. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:56 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:14, 147 [ref. 22347]. •Valid as Pimelodus hilarii Valenciennes 1840 -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Mention -- (Britski et al. 1998:98 [ref. 24147]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Britski 2001:20 [ref. 26046], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:63 [ref. 27366], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Litz & Koerber 2014:21 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:34 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:52 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

lehmanni, Rhamdia Dahl [G.] 1961:487, Fig. [Novedades Colombianas v. 1 (no. 6); ref. 1027] Brook tributary to Río Guayabero, Colombia. Holotype: ICNMHN (lost). Paratypes: ICNMHN 358 (2). Type catalog: Cala 1981:4 [ref. 23525], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155], Mojica & Agudelo-Zamora 2018:47 [ref. 36127]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

martyi, Rhamdia sebae Güntert [H.] 1942:33 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 138 (nos 1/2); ref. 12954] Riactis Canâwé, Dept. de Ita, Paraguay. Holotype: NMBA 5279. Type catalog: Kottelat & Sutter 1988:54 [ref. 13796], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia sebae (Valenciennes 1840), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155], Koerber et al. 2017:52 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

microps, Rhamdia Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Fisher 1917:394, Pl. 38 (text says Pl. 28) [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 11 (nos 3/4) (art. 13); ref. 15089] Uruguayana, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 58285 [ex CM 7283] (largest). Paratypes: FMNH 58286 [ex CM 7283] (3). Type catalog: Henn 1928:78 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:74 [ref. 12367], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155] Author is Eigenmann alone on Pl. 28, not specified in main heading. •Valid as Rhamdia microps Eigenmann 1917 -- (Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:63 [ref. 27366], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

micropterus, Pimelodus Günther [A.] 1864:124 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Río San Geronimo, Guatemala. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1864.1.26.92. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia micropterus (Günther 1864) -- (Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Questionably a synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). •Probably a synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

mounseyi, Rhamdia Regan [C. T.] 1913:282 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 12 (no. 69); ref. 3655] Río Ucayali, Peru. Lectotype: BMNH 1913.7.30.13 (115.3 mm SL). Paralectotypes: BMNH 1913.7.30.14-19 (6). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:33, 139 [ref. 22347]. •Valid as Rhamdia mounseyi Regan 1913 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

muriei, Rhamdia guatemalensis Hubbs [C. L.] 1935:7, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 28; ref. 11676] Aguada at Uaxactun, Petén, Guatemala. Holotype: UMMZ 97881. Paratypes: UMMZ 97882 (orig. 55, now 53), USNM 117598 [ex UMMZ 97882] (2). Type catalog: Ferraris & Vari 1992:38 [ref. 19771], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864), but a valid subspecies -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

musculus, Pimelodus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] 1849:4 [Horae Ichthyologicae No. 3; ref. 3073] America [probably South America]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 3048. Type catalog: Silfvergrip & Paepke 1997:170 [ref. 24006], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

namdia, Pimelodus Cuvier [G.] 1829:294 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Coastal systems in northeastern Brazil. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Koerber & Reis 2019:62 [ref. 37078]. Available from footnote as, "Pim. namdia, N., Margr., 149." Neotype designated by Silfvergrip 1996:12 [ref. 22347]. Neotype designation invalid, Koerber & Reis 2020:5 [ref. 37463]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Koerber & Reis 2019:62 [ref. 37078]). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

nasuta, Rhamdia Meek [S. E.] 1909:207 [Field Columbian Museum, Zoölogical Series v. 7 (no. 7); ref. 14388] Buenos Aires de Térraba, Costa Rica. Holotype (unique): FMNH 6480. Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:74 [ref. 12367], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia nasuta Meek 1909 -- (Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Probably a synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) -- (Bussing 1998:150 [ref. 24179]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

novemradiatus, Silurus Larrañaga [D. A.] 1923:385 [Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga v. 2; ref. 22561] Río de La Plata or along the coast between Maldonado, Florianópolis, and Rio de Janeiro. Originally as Silurus 9-radiatus; corresponds to Silurus ribularis on p. 376. Appeared as Silurus rivularis vel 9-radiatus in Devincenzi 1925:307, 322 [ref. 20322]; Devincenzi treated as a synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). •Species inquirenda -- (Koerber & Reis 2019:73 [ref. 37078], Koerber & Reis 2020:8 [ref. 37463]). Nomen Dubium. Current status: Unknown. Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

oaxacae, Rhamdia Meek [S. E.] 1902:74, Pl. 14 [Field Columbian Museum, Zoölogical Series v. 3 (no. 6); ref. 2957] Río Quiotepec, Cuicatlán, Oaxaca, Mexico. Holotype: FMNH 3716 [not 3717]. Paratypes: FMNH 3717 (8), 72593 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:74 [ref. 12367], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864), but a valid subspecies -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) -- (see Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:28 [ref. 22290]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ortoni, Rhamdia Fowler [H. W.] 1915:211, Fig. 3 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 67; ref. 1392] Peruvian Amazon. Holotype (unique): ANSP 21928. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:142 [ref. 13621], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia ortoni Fowler 1915 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

parahybae, Pimelodus (Rhamdia) Steindachner [F.] 1877:615 [57] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4224] Rio Parahyba, southeastern Brazil. Syntypes: (several) BMNH 1891.3.16.36-45 (10?), 1891.3.16.106 (1); NMW 45852. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. On p. 57 of separate. Silfvergrip 1996:146 [ref. 22347] says holotype is NMW 45852 (does not constitute lectotype designation). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], with NMW as holotype, Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

pentlandii, Pimelodus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:183, Pl. 435 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Río Apurímac, Peru. Lectotype: BMNH 1862.11.15.11 (221.0 mm SL, smaller spec.). Paralectotypes: BMNH 1862.11.15.11 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:14, 139 [ref. 22347]. •Valid as Rhamdia pentlandii (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

pubescens, Rhamdia Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1920:11, Unnum. Pls. 6-7 [Peixes (excl. Characinidae) No. 58 (Annexo 5); ref. 3727] Urucum, near Corumbá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Lectotype: MNRJ 925A. Paralectotypes: MNRJ 925 (4). Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1955:404 [ref. 12732], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Miranda Ribeiro 1953:404 [ref. 12732] [but perhaps specimen not isolated]. Lectotype also selected by Silfvergrip 1996:34, 139 [ref. 22347] as 180.3 mm SL specimen. •Valid as Rhamdia pubescens Miranda Ribeiro 1920 -- (Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Mention -- (Britski et al. 1998:98 [ref. 24147]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

quadrimaculatus, Silurus Bloch [M. E.] 1794:37, Pl. 368 (fig. 2) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 8; ref. 463] America [South America]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 2944 (probably lost). Type catalog: Type catalog: Silfvergrip & Paepke 1997:172 [ref. 24006], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155] On p. 28 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 11 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Pimelodus quadrimaculatus (Bloch 1794) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:35 [ref. 37559] as quadromaculatus, Burgess 1989:280 [ref. 12860]). •Questionably the same as Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Uncertain as Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

quelen, Pimelodus Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1824:228, Pl. 49 (figs. 3-4) [Voyage autour du monde; ref. 3574] Cachoeira de Macacu, tributary of the Rio Soarinho, Rio Macacu drainage, Baía de Guanabara hydrographic basin, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, 22°38'6"S, 42°43'6"W. Neotype: MNRJ 51746. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Koerber & Reis 2019:53 [ref. 37078]. Neotype designated by Silfvergrip 1996:97, 139 [ref. 22347] as NRM 16091; Silfvergrip designated the same neotype for other species making them objective synonyms of quelen; these actions were considered as invalid by Koerber & Reis 2020:5 [ref. 37463] and by Angrizani & Malabarba 2020:93 [ref. 37584]. New neotype designation by Angrizani & Malabarba 2020:93 [ref. 37584]. •Mention -- (Malabarba 1989:144 [ref. 14217], Britski et al. 1998:98 [ref. 24147]). •Valid as Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Mees 1986:319 [ref. 5693], Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860], Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Castro & Casatti 1997:342 [ref. 23333], Torelli et al. 1997:70 [ref. 24612], Casatti & Castro 1998:232 [ref. 23663], Sverlij et al. 1998:58 [ref. 27632], Fuller et al. 1999:217 [ref. 25838], Le Bail et al. 2000:144 [ref. 24549], Lasso et al. 2001:99 [ref. 25928], Casatti et al. 2001:5 [ref. 25929], Romero & Paulson 2001:27 [ref. 26040], Miquelarena et al. 2002:78 [ref. 26517], López et al. 2002:63 [ref. 26808], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:63 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:139 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:83 [ref. 28131], Bichuette & Trajano 2005:593 [ref. 28555], Ferraris 2007:199-200 [ref. 29155], Di Dario et al. 2013:262 [ref. 37503] as cf. quelen, Barriga Salazar 2014:114 [ref. 35745], Catelani et al. 2014:931 [ref. 37496], Litz & Koerber 2014:21 [ref. 33622], Ramos et al. 2014:4 [ref. 35321], Sarmiento et al. 2014:159, 191 [ref. 35004], Barrientos et al. 2015:4 [ref. 37653], Hernández et al. 2015:570 [ref. 34223], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:186 [ref. 34894], Mirande & Koerber 2015:34 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:417 [ref. 34561] as aff. quelen, DoNascimiento 2016:532 [ref. 34727], Garavello & Shibatta 2016:[10] [ref. 34385], Melo et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34701], Nión et al. 2016:33 [ref. 35565], Costa et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35684], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:92 [ref. 35633], Koerber et al. 2017:52 [ref. 35267], Ribolli et al. 2017:[5] [ref. 35238], Angrizani & Malabarba 2018:44 [ref. 35829], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:78 [ref. 35773], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36506] as cf. quelen, Brosse et al. 2019:134 [ref. 38320], Dickens 2019:171 [ref. 37135], Koerber & Reis 2019:53 [ref. 37078], Angrizani & Malabarba 2020:93 [ref. 37584], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2020:6 [ref. 39606], Koerber & Reis 2020:3 [ref. 37463], Reis et al. 2020:466 [ref. 38364], Silva et al. 2020:11 [ref. 37809], Vita et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37506], Brandão et al. 2022:163 [ref. 40464], Koerber et al. 2022:59 [ref. 39235], Loureiro et al. 2023:130 [ref. 40506] as aff. quelen, Quintela et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40727], Vieira et al. 2023:21 [ref. 40759]). Current status: Valid as Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: South America: southeastern Brazil. Introduced elsewhere? Habitat: freshwater.

riojae, Rhamdia Fowler [H. W.] 1915:209, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 67; ref. 1392] Rioja, near Moyabamba and Baka Puerto, on or near the lower course of Río Huallagua, Peru. Holotype: ANSP 21101. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:142 [ref. 13621], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Rhamdia riojae Fowler 1915 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rivularis, Silurus Larrañaga [D. A.] 1923:376 [Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga v. 2; ref. 22561] Río de La Plata or along the coast between Maldonado, Florianópolis, and Rio de Janeiro. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155], Koerber & Reis 2019:72 [ref. 37078]. Appeared as ribularis [apparently misspelled]; corresponds to Silurus 9-radiatus on p. 385. Appeared as Silurus rivularis vel 9-radiatus in Devincenzi 1925:322, 307 [ref. 20322]; Devincenzi treated as a synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Neotype designated by Silfvergrip 1996:35, 96 [ref. 22347]. Neotype designation invalid, Koerber & Reis 2020:5 [ref. 37463]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:35, 96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061] with question [but without question based on lectotype], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155] as ribularis, Koerber & Reis 2019:72 [ref. 37078] as ribularis). •Species inquiredae -- (Koerber & Reis 2020:8 [ref. 37463]). Nomen Dubium. Current status: Unknown. Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

saijaensis, Rhamdia Rendahl [H.] 1941:2 [Arkiv för Zoologi v. 33 A (pt. 1) (no. 4); ref. 12983] Río Saija, south of Buenaventura, Pacific slope, Colombia. Holotype: NRM 10675. Paratypes: NRM 15329 (3). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]. Originally 4 specimens; largest referred to as "Typexemplar". •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Rhamdia saijaensis Rendahl 1941 -- (Hernández et al. 2015:576 [ref. 34223], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:92 [ref. 35633]). Current status: Valid as Rhamdia saijaensis Rendahl 1941. Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: Pacific slope, Colombia. Habitat: freshwater.

sapo, Pimelodus Valenciennes [A.] 1835:Pl. 2 (figs. 6-8) [Voyage dans l'Amérique méridionale; ref. 20720] Buenos Aires, Argentina. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-1576. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:56 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155] Name available from plate, description in Valenciennes 1847:7 [ref. 5010] with wrong plate number. See also Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:179 [ref. 1008]. See Gómez & Chebez 1996:59 [ref. 23791]. Pl. 2 was published in 1835. •Mention -- (Malabarba 1989:144 [ref. 14217]). •Valid as Rhamdia sapo (Valenciennes 1835) -- (Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860], Haro et al. 1996:6 [ref. 25004], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:63 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:139 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:83 [ref. 28131], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Litz & Koerber 2014:21 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:34 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:52 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

sebae, Pimelodus Cuvier [G.] 1829:294 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] ? Suriname. Valenciennes specimens: RMNH 3064-68 (1, 1, 1, 4, 2); MNHN A-9420 (1), A-9421 (1), A-9941 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:56 [ref. 19575], Boeseman 1972:300 [ref. 19698]; both catalogs give syntypes but technically the holotype is the specimen figured by Seba, Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Koerber & Reis 2019:65 [ref. 37078]. Available from footnote as, "Pim. sebae, N., Seb., III, xxix, 5." See also Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:169 [ref. 1008]. Lectotype selected but lost; neotype designated by Silfvergrip 1996:13 [ref. 22347]. Neotype designation invalid, Koerber & Reis 2020:5 [ref. 37463]. •Valid as Rhamdia sebae (Cuvier 1829) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860], Galvis et al. 1997:70 [ref. 23651]). •Mention -- (Britski et al. 1998:98 [ref. 24147]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Koerber & Reis 2019:65 [ref. 37078]). •Uncertain -- (Koerber & Reis 2020:6 [ref. 37463].) Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

sellonis, Pimelodus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] 1849:2 [Horae Ichthyologicae No. 3; ref. 3073] Brazil. Holotype (unique): ZMB 3041. Type catalog: Silfvergrip & Paepke 1997:170-171 [ref. 24006], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

sextentaculatus, Heterobranchus Spix [J. B. von] & Agassiz [L.] 1829:28, Pl. 11 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Lower Amazon basin, Brazil [Brazil]. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155], Koerber & Reis 2019:62 [ref. 37078]. As Heterobranchus 6-tentaculatus on plate. Neotype designated by Silfvergrip 1996:13 [ref. 22347]. Neotype designation invalid, Koerber & Reis 2020:5 [ref. 37463]. •Questionably a synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:95 [ref. 22347], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061] after neotype designation, Koerber & Reis 2019:62 [ref. 37078]). •Uncertain -- (Koerber & Reis 2020:8 [ref. 37463]). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

stegelichii, Pimelodus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] 1849:628 [Reisen in Britisch-Guiana; ref. 3072] Suriname. Lectotype: ZMB 3043. Paralectotypes: ?BMNH 1857.6.13.146 (dries skin); ZMB 3044 (lost), 3045 (2). Type catalog: Silfvergrip & Paepke 1997:171 [ref. 24006], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155] Also appeared in Müller & Troschel 1849:3 [ref. 3073]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:15 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

stygaea, Rhamdia guatemalensis Hubbs [C. L.] 1936:203, Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Carnegie Institution of Washington Publications No. 457 (art. 17); ref. 2247] San Isidro Cave, Salar Colony, near Merida, Yucatán, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 102218. Paratypes: UMMZ 102112-13 (4, 3); USNM 117599 [ex UMMZ 102112] (1). Type catalog: Ferraris & Vari 1992:38 [ref. 19771], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155] •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860], Scharpf 2006:20 [ref. 30386]). •Mention -- (Romero & Paulson 2001:26 [ref. 26040]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

urichi, Caecorhamdia Norman [J. R.] 1926:325, Fig. 1 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9) v. 18 (no. 106); ref. 3214] Pool in interior of Guacharo Cave, Trinidad Island, West Indies. Lectotype: BMNH 1926.7.28.1-2 (99.7 mm SL, smaller of two). Paralectotypes: BMNH 1926.7.28.1-2 (1, larger of 2). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:35 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Romero & Paulson 2001:27 [ref. 26040], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824), but a valid subspecies -- (Bichuette & Trajano 2005:588 [ref. 28555], Proudlove 2006:133 [ref. 28992], Ferraris 2007:202 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

vilsoni, Pimelenotus Gill [T. N.] 1858:391 [31] [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 6 (nos 10-13, art. 38); ref. 1750] Trinidad Island, West Indies. Holotype (unique) (?): USNM 5927. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. On p. 31 of separate. Genus as Pimelotus but corrected in errata at rear of volume to Pimelenotus; Pimelenotus used in separate. Species unjustifiably emended by Burgess 1989:279 to wilsoni, but he may not have been the first to do so. •Valid as Rhamdia wilsoni [sic] Gill 1858 -- (Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

voulezi, Rhamdia branneri Haseman [J. D.] 1911:378, Pl. 76 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 7 (nos 3-4) (19); ref. 2048] Rio Iguaçu at Porto União da Victória, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 54238 [ex CM 2854]. Paratypes: FMNH 54329 [CM 2855a-b] (2). Type catalog: Henn 1928:78 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:74 [ref. 12367], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Rhamdia branneri Haseman 1911, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Burgess 1989:278 [ref. 12860]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:425 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Valid as Rhamdia voulezi Haseman 1911 -- (Garavello & Shibatta 2016:[6] [ref. 34385], Koerber et al. 2017:5 [ref. 35083], Ribolli et al. 2017:[5] [ref. 35238], Koerber et al. 2017:6 [ref. 35632], Koerber et al. 2019:6 [ref. 36736], Mirande & Koerber 2020:2 [ref. 37594], Reis et al. 2020:466 [ref. 38364]). Current status: Valid as Rhamdia voulezi Haseman 1911. Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: South America: Iguaçu River basin (Brazil and Argentina). Habitat: freshwater.

wagneri, Pimelodus Günther [A.] 1868:474 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 6 (pt 7, no. 14); ref. 1994] Chagres River, Guajaquil and Neu-Granada, Panama. Possible types: NMW 45618, 45619. Non-types: BMNH 1889.11.14.24 (1). Type information: Silfvergrip 1996:26 [ref. 22347]. TYpe catalog: Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]. Based in part on Pimelodus cinerascens Kner & Steindachner (not Günther). •Valid as Rhamdia wagneri (Günther 1868) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:35 [ref. 37559], Burgess 1989:279 [ref. 12860], Galvis et al. 1997:69 [ref. 23651]). •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:201 [ref. 29155]). •Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864) -- (Bussing 1998:150 [ref. 24179]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther 1864). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater.

wuchereri, Pimelodus Günther [A.] 1864:123 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] Bahia, Brazil. Lectotype: BMNH 1864.1.19.18 (147.5 mm, smallest of four). Paralectotypes: BMNH 1844.5.29.11-12 (2), 1852.9.13.128 (1), 1864.1.19.19-21 (4). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Silfvergrip 1996:24 [ref. 22347]. •Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Silfvergrip 1996:96 [ref. 22347], Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:424 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:200 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.