Species that contain: Rutilus and rutilus [ 119 ] records

abramorutilus, Bliccopsis Siebold [C. T. E. von] 1863:142, Figs. 18-19 [Die Süsswasserfische von Mitteleuropa; ref. 4021] Danube River, Bavaria. Syntypes: ?NMW 54964 (1), 54966 (1). Originally as abramo-rutilus. •Hybrid between Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) and Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:531, 596 [ref. 20661]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

abramorutilus, Cyprinus Holandre [J.] 1837:246 [Faune du département de la Moselle; ref. 23022] River Moselle downriver from Malroy, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Original as abramo-rutilus. Also appeared as same in Holandre 1837:3 [ref. 23075]; earliest not researched. •Based on a hybrid between Abramis blicca x Rutilus rutilus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:150 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Gand [=Ghent], Belgium. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3354. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:57-58 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1119 [ref. 20712]. •Based on a hybrid between Rutilus rutilus x Scardinius erythrophthalmus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alburnoides, Leuciscus Steindachner [F.] 1866:263 [3], Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften v. 54 (1. Abth.); ref. 18777] Stream near Merida, Spain. Lectotype: NMW 49749:2. Paralectotypes: NMW 49749:1, 3-15 (13), 49778 (12). Species not listed in earlier abstract (Steindachner 1866 [ref. 21716]). Also in Steindachner 1866:5 [ref. 18757]. Lectotype selected by Bogutskaya 2000:20 [ref. 24891]. •Valid as Rutilus alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •See Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975]. •Valid as Iberocypris alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:199 [ref. 29996]). •Valid as Leuciscus alburnoides Steindachner 1866 -- (Collares-Pereira et al. 1999:466 [ref. 39857]). •Valid as Tropidophoxinellus alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Bogutskaya 2000:20 [ref. 24891], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:171 [ref. 30270]). •Valid as Squalius alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Alves et al. 2002:649 [ref. 28744], Collares-Pereira & Coelho 2010:707 [ref. 31439]). Current status: Valid as Squalius alburnoides (Steindachner 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Portugal and Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

albus, Rutilus Marić [D.] 2010:154, Figs. 1-2, 4 [Periodicum Biologorum v. 112 (no. 2); ref. 31525] Lake Skadar, sublacustrine spring Vaskaut, 42°06'26.30"N, 19°17'12.81"E, Montenegro. Holotype: NHMM 600-347. Paratypes: UMFSP 022 (1). •Valid as Rutilus albus Marić 2010 -- (Milosević et al. 2011:1095 [ref. 31524], Shumka et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40747]). •Valid as Leucos albus (Marić 2010) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:391 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Valid as Leucos albus (Marić 2010). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Lake Skadar and Lake Moraca (Albania and Montenegro). Habitat: freshwater.

alfiensis, Rutilus pleurobipunctatus Stephanidis [A.] 1971:183 [Biologia Gallo-Hellenica v. 3 (no. 2) (for 1970); ref. 7540] Alfios, Pinios, and Vergas River drainages, Peloponnesus, Greece. Syntypes: (22) Lab. Zool. de l'Univ. de Thessalonique, Greece. •Valid as Telestes alfiensis (Stephanidis 1971) -- (Freyhof et al. 2006:418 [ref. 28484], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802]). Current status: Valid as Telestes alfiensis (Stephanidis 1971). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:237 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Lago Maggiore, Italy. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Based on a figure from Bonaparte. •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amblops, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:241 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Falls of the Ohio River, at Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:90 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:51 [ref. 3592]. •Valid as Notropis amblops (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395], Bailey et al. 2004:86 [ref. 27882]). •Valid as Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gilbert 1978:90 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:181 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:137 [ref. 22186], Warren & Burr 1988:181 [ref. 13844], Robison & Buchanan 1988:183 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:160 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:49 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:175 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:345 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:90 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:193 [ref. 25836], Fuller et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25838], Grose & Wiley 2002:1092 [ref. 26513], Nelson et al. 2004:71 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:112 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:186 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:20 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:296 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque 1820). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

anomalous, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:241 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Licking River, Kentucky, etc., Ohio River drainage, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:52 [ref. 3592]. •Valid as Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Lee et al. 1980:143 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:126 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:169 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:58 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:93 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:93 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:11 [ref. 22290], Etnier & Starnes 1993:139 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:300 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Stauffer et al. 1995:59 [ref. 23376], Baxter & Stone 1995:56 [ref. 23374], Cross & Collins 1995:51 [ref. 23394], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:52 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:22 [ref. 26594], Holm & Grossman 2001:157 [ref. 25429], Ross et al. 2001:126 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:84 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:11 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, Miller 2006:108 [ref. 28615], Cashner et al. 2010:304 [ref. 30834] with subspecies, Minckley & Marsh 2009:175 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:195 [ref. 31215] with subspecies, Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: southern Canada, eastern and central U.S.A. to Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

aralensis, Rutilus rutilus Berg [L. S.] 1916:134 [Les Poissons des eaux douces de la Russie; ref. 277] Aral Sea. Syntypes: ?ZIN. Not available, infrasubspecific according to Kottelat 1997. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:505 [ref. 20661], Yang & Hwang 1964:12 [ref. 13497], Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:32 [ref. 37731], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:252 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

aramburui, Astyanax Protogino [L. C.], Miquelarena [A. M.] & López [H. L.] 2006:2, Figs. 1-4 [Zootaxa No. 1297; ref. 28780] Villaguay Creek at Balneario, 31°55'S, 59°03'W, Gualeguay River basin, Entre Ríos Province, Argentina. Holotype: CFA-IC 11712 (ILPLA 1712). Paratypes: CFA-IC [ILPLA] 569 (13), 1709 (4, 2 c&s), 11710 [1710] (7), 11711 [1711] (5, 1 c&s), 11713 [1713] (4); MLP 9672 (1, not 2). Type catalog: Koerber 2007:2 [ref. 29776], Miquelarena et al. 2009:29-30 [ref. 34389], Miquelarena & Nadalin 2014:4 [ref. 33466], Bogan et al. 2019:11 [ref. 37088]. •Probably a synonym of Astyanax rutilus Jenyns 1842 -- (Almirón et al. 2010:67 [ref. 30813]). •Valid as Astyanax aramburui Protogino, Miquelarena & López 2006 -- (Koerber 2011:3 [ref. 31122], Lucena et al. 2013:232 [ref. 32870], Lucena et al. 2013:542 [ref. 32914], Koerber 2014:4 [ref. 33621], Bertaco & Vigo 2015:267 [ref. 33857], Mirande & Koerber 2015:23 [ref. 35117], Terán et al. 2017:7 [ref. 35358]). Current status: Valid as Astyanax aramburui Protogino, Miquelarena & López 2006. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Paraná and Uruguay river basins, Argentina. Habitat: freshwater.

arcasii, Leucos Steindachner [F.] 1866:14 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe v. 3; ref. 21709] Ebro River at Logroño, La Rioja, and Cailes [Queiles] River at Tudela, Navarra, Spain. Syntypes: (many) NMW 50639-49 (3, 2, 3, 4, 3, 30, 2, 5, 6, 20, 9), 50650-51 (3, 27), 49760 (4), 49752-777 (75 spec., 26 lots), 60743 (1), 60485 (1). Species first described in the abstract above, later described in more detail in Steindachner 1866 [ref. 14058], p. 199 [p. 2 of separate]; also appeared in Steindachner 1866:14 [p. 9 of separate] [ref. 18776] as Leuciscus (Leucos) arcasii and in Steindachner 1866:311 [ref. 21711] and Steindachner 1866:5 [ref. 18757] as Leuciscus arcasii. Misspelled arca by Seeley 1886:179 [ref. 30373] in genus Leuciscus. •Valid as Rutilus arcasii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •See Ketmaier et al. 1998:47 [ref. 23809]. •Valid as Chondrostoma arcasii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2003:30 [ref. 28132], Coelho et al. 2005:202 [ref. 28430], Robalo et al. 2005:24 [ref. 28431], Gante et al. 2007:26 [ref. 29300], Gante et al. 2010:968 [ref. 35176]). •Valid as Achondrostoma arcasii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Doadrio & Elvira 2007:296 [ref. 29510], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:156 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Doadrio et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40184]). Current status: Valid as Achondrostoma arcasii (Steindachner 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwest Europe: Ebro and Levantine (Mijares, Turia and Palancia) drainages, Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

atropatenus, Rutilus Derjavin [A. N.] 1937:71 [English p. 77], Fig. [Trudy Azerbaidzhanskogo Filiala, Akademii Nauk SSSR, Zoolocicheskij Serija v. 20; ref. 5035] Turianchi [Turianchay] River, tributary of Kura River, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: (30). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus atropatenus (Derjavin 1937) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055]). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus atropatenae -- (Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039]). •Valid as Rutilus atropatenus Derjavin 1937 -- (Berg 1949:536 [ref. 20661], Coad 1995:19 [ref. 23608], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus atropatenus Derjavin 1937. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Azerbaijan. Habitat: freshwater.

aula, Squalius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1841:fasc. 30, punt. 157, Pl. 116 (fig. 4) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 512] Venetian Province, Italy. Lectotype: ANSP 6434 (74 mm SL). Paralectotypes: ANSP 6434 (10) and 6435 (1) not this species: Bianco & Ketmaier 2014. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:58 [ref. 19574] but with incorrect authorship and type. Type catalog: Almaça 1969:1118 [ref. 20712], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621]. Lectotype selected by Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) by Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:384 [ref. 33417]. •Valid as Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:143 [ref. 21914], Bianco 1988:150 [ref. 22383], Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:238 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:38 [ref. 29926], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Ćaleta et al. 2015:82 [ref. 34877], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Ćaleta et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37026]). •Valid as Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:382 [ref. 33417], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Vucić et al. 2023:[5] 547 [ref. 40466]). Current status: Valid as Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: Adriatic basin (southern Switzerland, northern Italy, Slovenia and Croatia). Habitat: freshwater.

auratus, Leuciscus rutilus var. Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873:334 [Priroda (Moscow) v. 1, book 2, pt 2; ref. 19640] Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

basak, Leucos Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1006 [48], Pl. 1 [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Croatia. Lectotype: NMW 50723-1. Syntypes: NMW 50723 (1), 50725 (2). Appeared also in Kner 1843:1038 (48 of separate) [ref. 2066] as name only with locality, not available. Plate is of pharyngeal teeth. Appeared in more detail and usually dated to Heckel in Heckel & Kner 1858:111, Fig. 88 [ref. 2078]. Lectotype selected by Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:386 [ref. 33417]. •Valid as Rutilus basak (Heckel 1843) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:149 [ref. 21914], Maric 1988:58 [ref. 20058], Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:239 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:39 [ref. 29926], Marić 2010:153 [ref. 31525], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Ćaleta et al. 2015:82 [ref. 34877], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Ćaleta et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37026]). •Valid as Leucos basak Heckel 1843 -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:384 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Valid as Leucos basak Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Neretva River drainage, (Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina). Habitat: freshwater.

beoticus, Rutilus Stephanidis [A.] 1939:49, 57, Pl. 2 [Deltion Fysskon Bpistimon 5 (50-51); ref. 23005] Lake Yliki, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus beoticus (Stephanidis 1939) -- (Economidis 1995:205 [ref. 23025], Kottelat 1997:75 [ref. 22952]). •See Ketmaier et al. 1998:47 [ref. 23809]. •Valid as Telestes beoticus (Stephanidis 1939) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:282 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:68 [ref. 35029]). Current status: Valid as Telestes beoticus (Stephanidis 1939). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Kiffisos and Assopos River drainages, Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

bolmensis, Leuciscus rutilus forma Malm [A. W.] 1877:560 [ ref. 2881] Lake Bolmen, Småland, Sweden. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bucharensis, Rutilus rutilus form Nikolskii [G. V.] 1933:264 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 102; ref. 19592] Termez, Upper Amu-Darya basin, Uzbekistan. Holotype: ZMMU P-1390. Paratypes: ZMMU P-1781 (4). Type catalog: Svetovidova 1978:257 [ref. 9011], Vasil'eva et al. 2001:23 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:512 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Kottelat 1997:82 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

buggenhagii, Cyprinus Bloch [M. E.] 1784:137, Pl. 95 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 3; ref. 19645] River Pene and related lakes in Swedish Pommern [now Mecklenburg-Vorpommern], Germany. Holotype (unique): ZMB 4106. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:71 [ref. 24282]. Spelled buggenhagen by early authors, including Bonnaterre 1788:201 [ref. 4940]. On p. 116 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 3 [ref. 21381]. •A hybrid between Abramis brama x Rutilus rutilus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952], Paepke 1999:67 [ref. 24282]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

carpathorossicus, Rutilus rutilus Vladykov [V. D.] 1930:103 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 55 (no. 2); ref. 16221] Laborec River, tributary of Bodrog, Slovakia. Lectotype: MNHN 1930-0211. Paralectotypes: NMP P6V 83669 (1), plus others. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:58 [ref. 19574], Mlíkovský et al. 2011:153 [ref. 33498]. Name spelled carpahorossicus in Popescu Gorj & Dumitriu 1950:83 •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:71 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) but possibly a valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

caspicus, Leuciscus rutilus var. Yakovlev [V. E.] 1870:103 [3], Fig. 2 [On the new and little-known species of fish found in the mouths of the Volga; ref. 19610] Volga River Delta, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. On p. 3 of separate. Also described in Yakovlev 1873:334 [ref. 19640]. Author also seen as Jakovlev. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Kazanskii 1928:8 [ref. 14268], Berg 1949:513 [ref. 20661], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:50 [ref. 37731], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:741 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:87 [ref. 28183], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533]). •Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Esmaeili et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36089], Dyldin et al. 2020:87 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983]). •Valid as Rutilus caspicus (Yakovlev 1870) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:239 [ref. 29996], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:879 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:56 [ref. 35254], Dyldin et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37569]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus caspicus (Yakovlev 1870). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Caspian Sea drainages. Habitat: freshwater.

caspius, Leuciscus frisii Lönnberg [E.] 1900:16 [Bihang till Kongl. Svenska vetenskaps-akademiens handlingar. Stockholm v. 26, afd. 4 (no. 8); ref. 17561] Volga River delta, Russia. Holotype (unique): NRM. Described as a "race or subspecies." •Questionably in the synonymy of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Bogutskaya 1997:178 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Bogutskaya 1998:69 [ref. 23589], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:143 [ref. 37983]) Current status: Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cenisophius, Leucos Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:7 [Catalogo metodico dei Ciprinidi d'Europa, ...; ref. 13472] Part of former Gaul drained by rivers Saône and Doubs, France. Holotype: ANSP 6430. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621]. Appeared first as name only, not available in Bonaparte 1841:fasc 30, introduction p. 16 [ref. 512]. Minimal description. Type locality from Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cisalpinus, Leucos Heckel [J. J.] 1851:315 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 7 (pt 2); ref. 18258] Lake Bracciano, Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Taken from Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952] as available by reference to [De] Filippi 1844, but more investigation needed since the name Leucos cisalpinus appeared as a name in synonymy prior to Heckel 1851. •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

columbianus, Rutilus Snyder [J. O.] 1908:92, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 27 (Doc. 636) (for 1907); ref. 10251] Warm Springs, near Harney Lake, Harney County, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 55595. Paratypes: ANSP 39126-27 (2); CAS-SU 4106 (2), 9816 (23), 28789 (5); UMMZ 139030 (6); USNM 59841 (3), 117490 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:38 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:62 [ref. 23395]. Appeared first as Scofield in Jordan & Evermann 1896:250 [ref. 2442] without description. •Synonym of Gila bicolor (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Gilbert 1998:62 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Scharpf 2005:41 [ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Oregon, U.S.A. [subspecies columbianus]. Habitat: freshwater.

communis, Leuciscus rutilus var. Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873:334 [Priroda (Moscow) v. 1, book 2, pt 2; ref. 19640] Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

communis, Leuciscus rutilus var. Rossikov [K. M.] 1895:No. 53 [Kavkazskoe Sel'skoe Khozyajstvo 54-56; ref. 23013] Terek River, Mosdok. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]) Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

compressus, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:240 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Monongahela, Kenhaway and Potomac rivers, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:51 [ref. 3592]. •Status uncertain, probably a synonym of Notropis cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042]). •Status uncertain, probably a synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Uncertain as Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

daugawensis, Leuciscus rutilus var. Dybowski [B. N.] (ex Kessler) 1862:228, 237, Pl. 6 [Archiv für die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- und Kurlands. Zweiter Serie. Biologische Naturkunde. Dorpat v. 3; ref. 1168] Düna River, Riga, Latvia. No types at ZIN. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

dauricus, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:149 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Waters of Daourie [Transbaikalia], Russia. On Cyprinus rutilus of Pallas. •Synonym of Phoxinus percnurus (Pallas 1814) -- (Berg 1949:574 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Eupallasella percnurus (Pallas 1814) -- (Kottelat 2006:31 [ref. 28831]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris percnurus (Pallas 1814) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2008:333 [ref. 30085]). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris percnurus (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

dojranensis, Leuciscus pigus Karaman [S.] 1928:153, Fig. 2a [Glasnik Skopskog Nauchnog Drustva [Glasnik -- Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Skopje]. v. 6; ref. 15903] Lake Dojran, Republic of Macedonia. Syntypes: (several) IEBMT. Also as new in Karaman 1929:172 [ref. 15904]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a possible valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

elatus, Squalius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1841:fasc. 30, punt. 157, Pl. 116 (fig. 3) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 512] Lombardia, Italy. Holotype: Possibly 1 out of ANSP 6467-68 (2) or 6469 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:75 [ref. 13621]. Available from the figure, holotype is the figured specimen. •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:143 [ref. 21914], Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

fluviatilis, Leuciscus rutilus var. Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873:334, Fig. 3 [Priroda (Moscow) v. 1, book 2, pt 2; ref. 19640] Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:497 [ref. 20661], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:9 [ref. 37731], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

frici, Rutilus rutilus Misik [V.] 1957:11, Fig. 1 [Zborník slovenského národného mûzea. Prírodné vedy = Acta rerum naturalium musei nationalis slovaci Braatislava. v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 20742] Inundation near Celákovice, Elbe River basin, central Bohemia, Czech Republic. Syntypes: (80) SNMB Ry 363. Type catalog: Blahák 1991:203-204 [ref. 20023]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but possible valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

frisii, Leuciscus Nordmann [A. von] 1840:487 [Voyage dans la Russie méridionale et la Crimée; ref. 3209] Market in Odessa, Danube, Bug, Dniester, and Dnieper rivers. Syntypes: ?NMW 50456 (2). Incorrectly spelled frizii by Slastenenko 1955-56:131 [ref. 6450]. •Valid as Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Berg 1949:532 [ref. 20661], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:72 [ref. 37731], Coad 1995:19 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Bogutskaya 1997:178 [ref. 23566], Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:741 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:69 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:87 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:170 [ref. 28369], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:240 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:167 [ref. 31251], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Parin et al. 2014:91 [ref. 33547] as subspecies, Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:30 [ref. 36599], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Dyldin et al. 2020:81, 105 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:143 [ref. 37983], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:408 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[34] [ref. 40328], Çiçek et al. 2024:251 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Black, Azov and Caspian Sea basins. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

fucini, Rutilus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1838:fasc. 22, punt. 104, Pl. 113 (fig. 1) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4894] Lake Fucino, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6448-54 (7). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:77 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914], Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

fulvus, Cyprinus Vallot [J.-N.] 1837:183 [Ichthyologie française, ou histoire naturelle des poissons d'eau douce de la France.; ref. 17873] Market in Dijon, France. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. •Questionably a synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

goplensis, Rutilus rutilus var. Stangenberg [M.] 1938:51 [Travaux et comptes rendus, Institut de Recherches des Forêts Domaniales Warszawa Ser. A, 39; ref. 23015] Lake Goplo, Poland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

heckelii, Leuciscus Nordmann [A. von] 1840:491, Pl. 23 (fig. 1) [Voyage dans la Russie méridionale et la Crimée; ref. 3209] Crimea, Ukraine, Black Sea. No types known. Syntypes: ZIN 3008-09 (3). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Berg 1949:500 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566], Michajlova 1989:25 [ref. 20062] as heckeli). •Questionably valid as Rutilus heckelii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589] as heckeli, Parin et al. 2014:92 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Dyldin et al. 2020:87 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983]). •Valid as Rutilus heckelii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:241 [ref. 29996], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515] as heckeli, Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Dyldin et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37569]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus heckelii (Nordmann 1840). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Black Sea basins. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

hellenicus, Rutilus alburnoides Stephanidis [A.] 1971:180, Fig. 5 [Biologia Gallo-Hellenica v. 3 (no. 2) (for 1970); ref. 7540] Pinios River at Vartholomio, Peloponnesus, Greece. Syntypes: (5) Lab. Zool. de l'Univ. de Thessalonique, Greece. Kottelat 1997:85 [ref. 22952] dates to Stephanidis 1939:23, Pl. 3, which is apparently an unpublished thesis, Univ. of Athens. •Valid as Tropidophoxinellus hellenicus (Stephanidis 1971) -- (Kottelat 1997:85 [ref. 22952] with genus tentative, Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:289 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:171 [ref. 30270] in "Tropidophioxinellus", Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:69 [ref. 35029]). Current status: Valid as Tropidophoxinellus hellenicus (Stephanidis 1971). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

henlei, Leucos Bonaparte [C. L.] 1846:29 [Atti della Settima Adunanza degli Scienziati Italiani Sesta Riunione, Milano 7a Adunanza, Napoli, Part 2; ref. 519] Italy. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914]). •Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

italicus, Rutilus Calderoni [P.] 1981:459 [Rivista di Idrobiologia, Instituto di Idrobiologia e Pescicoltura G. B. Grassi dell'Università di Perugia v. 19; ref. 23012] Lake Trasimeno, Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

jaculus, Cyprinus Jurine [L.] 1825:221, Pl. 14 [Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève v. 3 (pt 1); ref. 18368] [Lac Léman] Lake Geneva, Switzerland and France. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

jequitinhonhae, Tetragonopterus rutilus var. Steindachner [F.] 1877:577, 693 [135], Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4224] Rio Jequitinhonha, Brazil. Lectotype: NMW 57760:2. Paralectotypes: NMW 57759-61 (5, 2, 6). On p. 135 of separate. Description on p. 577, name given in caption on p. 693 for the plate. Lectotype selected by Queiroz et al. 2023:14 [ref. 40653]. •Synonym of Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier 1819), but a valid subspecies -- (Triques et al. 2003:149 [ref. 27248]). •Synonym of Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier 1819) -- (Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:109 [ref. 27061] with question, Mirande & Koerber 2015:2 [ref. 33698]). •Valid as Astyanax jequitinhonhae (Steindachner 1877) -- (Salgado 2021:4 [ref. 38720]). •Valid as Psalidodon jequitinhonhae (Steindachner 1877) -- (Terán et al. 2020:10 [ref. 37440], Queiroz et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40653], Zanata et al. 2024:261 [ref. 40718]). Current status: Valid as Psalidodon jequitinhonhae (Steindachner 1877). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Jequitinhonha and Pardo River drainages, northeastern and southeastern Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.

jurinii, Leuciscus Dybowski [B. N.] 1862:230 [Archiv für die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- und Kurlands. Zweiter Serie. Biologische Naturkunde. Dorpat v. 3; ref. 1168] Lake Geneva, Switzerland and France. See Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952] for types. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

karamani, Rutilus rubella Fowler [H. W.] 1977:85 [Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum (Taipei) v. 30 (nos 1/2); ref. 9336] Lake Ohrid at Pogradec, Albania. Syntypes: MNHN 1977-0281 (3). Appeared first in Vladykov & Petit 1930 as Rutilus aula natio karamani; not available, infrasubspecific. Dates to treatment as a subspecies by Fowler 1977 by reference to Vladykov & Petit. •Tentatively a valid species -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Rutilus karamani Fowler 1977 -- (Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:241 [ref. 29996]). •Synonym of Rutilus ohridanus (Karaman 1924) -- (Marić & Radujković 2009:139 [ref. 31438], Milosević et al. 2011:1095 [ref. 31524]). •Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843 -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:384 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

kutum, Leuciscus frisii var. Kamensky [S. N.] 1901:23 [German p. 154], Pl. 12 [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere. 2.; ref. 14761] Southern Caspian Sea and tributaries. Syntypes: ?ZMT, none at ZIN. •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Kazanskii 1928:13 [ref. 14268], Berg 1949:534 [ref. 20661], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:72 [ref. 37731], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:741 [ref. 24702]). •Valid as Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Parin et al. 2014:91 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), subspecies caspius (Lönnberg 1900) -- (Bogutskaya 1997:178 [ref. 23566]). •Questionably in the synonymy of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Bogutskaya 1998:69 [ref. 23589]). •Valid as Rutilus kutum (Kamensky 1901) -- (Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:879 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:56 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36089], Dyldin et al. 2020:81, 105 [ref. 37569], Kaya et al. 2020:328 [ref. 37582], Dyldin et al. 2023:[34] [ref. 40328]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus kutum (Kamensky 1901). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Caspian Sea basin. Habitat: freshwater.

lacustris, Cyprinus Pallas [P. S.] 1814:314 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Berg 1949:499 [ref. 20661], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:13 [ref. 37731], Zhu 1995:29 [ref. 25213], Chereshnev 1996:601 [ref. 24659], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566], Luo in Chen et al. 1998:89 [ref. 23878], Sideleva 2001:50 [ref. 26181], Sideleva 2003:8 [ref. 27815]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589], Kottelat 2006:49 [ref. 28831], Parin et al. 2014:92 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Rutilus rutilus (Pallas 1814), subspecies lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Zhang et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Esmaeili et al. 2018:35 [ref. 36089], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37535], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Dyldin et al. 2023:[34] [ref. 40328] with question, Çiçek et al. 2024:251 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Ponto-Caspian basin to Siberia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

lascha, Leuciscus Costa [O. G.] 1838:Cyprinoides p. 19, Pl. 16 [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0194 (1) Lake Fucino, near Naples. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:58 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1118-1119 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914], Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

lemmingii, Leuciscus Steindachner [F.] 1866:79 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe v. 3; ref. 21716] Guadiana River and tributaries near Merida; rivers Guadalquivir and Guadaira near Sevilla, Spain. Syntypes: NMW 52356-57 (4, 2), 52362 (2), 52366 (2), 52373 (4). Species first spelled as leminingii when described in the above abstract (apparently in error), spelling later appeared as lemmingii when later illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1866:265 [p. 5 of separate], Pl. 1 [ref. 18777]. Also in Steindachner 1866:8, 9 [ref. 18757] as Chondrostoma lemmingii. •Valid as Rutilus lemmingii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Chondrostoma lemmingii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2003:30 [ref. 28132], Coelho et al. 2005:202 [ref. 28430], Gante et al. 2010:968 [ref. 35176], Çiftci et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37725]). •Valid as Iberochondrostoma lemmingii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Doadrio & Elvira 2007:296 [ref. 29510], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:197 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802]). Current status: Valid as Iberochondrostoma lemmingii (Steindachner 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Ibearian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). Habitat: freshwater.

leuckartii, Abramis Heckel [J. J.] 1836:229, Pl. 20 (fig. 5) [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 1 (no. 10); ref. 18254] Danube River near Fischament, below Vienna, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 55331 (1). •Hybrid between Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) x Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:531 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:183 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

lividus, Leuciscus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1039 [49] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Balaton Lake, and Marizza River, Hungary. Syntypes: NMW 49978-79 (2, 3). On p. 49 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

lusitanicum, Chondrostoma Collares-Pereira [M. J.] 1980:275 [Comptes Rendus des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, Sér. D v. 291 (no. 2); ref. 8728] Río Xarrama, Sado River basin, Portugal. Holotype: MB 05-604 (ex c.1.1). Paratypes: MB 05-605 (ex c.1.2-c.1.12) (11). •Valid as Rutilus lusitanicus (Collares-Pereira 1980) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Chondrostoma lusitanicum Collares-Pereira 1980 -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2003:30 [ref. 28132], Coelho et al. 2005:208 [ref. 28430], Gante et al. 2007:26 [ref. 29300], Gante et al. 2010:968 [ref. 35176], Çiftci et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37725]). •Valid as Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum (Collares-Pereira 1980) -- (Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Doadrio & Elvira 2007:296 [ref. 29510], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:198 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802]). Current status: Valid as Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum (Collares-Pereira 1980). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Portugal. Habitat: freshwater.

macrolepidotus, Leuciscus Steindachner [F.] 1866:15 [10] [Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften v. 54 (1. Abth.); ref. 18776] Creeks near Alcobazar and Cintra, Portugal. Syntypes: NMW 49815 (4, now 3). Species not listed in earlier abstract (Steindachner 1966 [ref. 21715]). On. p. 10 of separate. Also in Steindachner 1866:6 [ref. 18757]. Objectively invalid; apparently preoccupied by Leuciscus macrolepidotus Ayres 1854; replaced by Chondrostoma oligolepis Robalo, Doadrio, Almada & Kottelat 2005. •Treated as valid as Rutilus macrolepidotus (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat 1997:79 [ref. 22952]). •See Ketmaier et al. 1998:47 [ref. 23809]. •Incorrectly treated as valid as Chondrostoma macrolepidotum (Steindachner 1866) -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2003:30 [ref. 28132], Coelho et al. 2005:202 [ref. 28430]). •Synonym of Achondrostoma oligolepis (Robalo, Doadrio, Almada & Kottelat 2005). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Achondrostoma oligolepis (Robalo, Doadrio, Almada & Kottelat 2005). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

mariza, Rutilus rutilus Drensky [P.] 1926:133, Fig. 3 [Trudove na Bulgarskogo Prirodoizpitatelno Druzhestvo = Travaux de la Société Bulgare des Sciences Naturelles v. 12; ref. 15583] Mariza River, Bulgaria. Syntypes: NMNHS. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but possible valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Pehlivanov 2000:47 [ref. 25202] as maritza, Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:171 [ref. 28369]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

meidingeri, Leuciscus Heckel [J. J.] 1851:148 [Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften v. 6; ref. 23010] Atter Lake, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 49826 (1), 50451-52 (1, 1). Also appeared in Heckel 1851:290 [ref. 18258], and in more detail in Heckel 1852:88, Pl. 9 [ref. 18260]. •Synonym of Pararutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), but a valid subspecies -- (Lelek 1987:233 [ref. 22962] as meidingeri). •Valid as Rutilus meidingeri (Heckel 1851) -- (Kottelat 1997:79 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:242 [ref. 29996], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus meidingeri (Heckel 1851). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Austria, formerly Germany. Habitat: freshwater.

melanurus, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:241 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Ohio and Muskingum rivers, etc., U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:192 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:51 [ref. 3592]. Described in a cyprinid genus but probably not a cyprinid, treated as a catostomid by some earlier authors. •Status uncertain -- (Gilbert 1998:192 [ref. 23395]). Catostomidae. Habitat: freshwater.

nicaraguensis, Astyanax rutilus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Ogle [F.] 1907:23 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Nicaragua [probably the Atlantic versant] . Holotype: USNM 55653. Paratypes: CAS 39491 [ex USNM 55657 and IU 11486] (4), USNM 55657 (32). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:7 [ref. 19022]. •Synonym of Astyanax aeneus (Günther 1860) -- (Bussing 1998:83 [ref. 24179]). •Valid as Astyanax nicaraguensis Eigenmann & Ogle 1907 -- (Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:111 [ref. 27061], Marinho & Birindelli 2013:46 [ref. 32569], Marinho & Ohara 2013:476 [ref. 32713], Schmitter-Soto 2016:130 [ref. 34424], Schmitter-Soto 2017:1393 [ref. 35414], Angulo et al. 2018:[17] [ref. 35879], Angulo et al. 2023:23 [ref. 40676]). Current status: Valid as Astyanax nicaraguensis Eigenmann & Ogle 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: Central America: Matagalpa, Atlantic slope (Nicaragua), through Costa Rica to the Sixaola River. Habitat: freshwater.

ohridana, Leucos aula var. Karaman [S.] 1924:56 [Pisces Macedoniae; ref. 15902] Lake Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia. No types known. Syntypes: (several) IEBMT. •Synonym of Rutilus basak (Heckel 1843), but a valid subspecies as described, as ohridanus (Karaman 1924) -- (Maric 1988:61 [ref. 20058]). •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Lelek 1987:230 [ref. 22962]). •Valid as Rutilus ohridanus (Karaman 1924) -- (Kottelat 1997:79 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:242 [ref. 29996], Marić & Radujković 2009:139 [ref. 31438], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515], Milosević et al. 2011:1094 [ref. 31524], Perea et al. 2011:15 [ref. 31802], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Shumka et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40747]). •Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843 -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:382 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Lakes Ohrid and Skadar basin: Albania, Macedonia and Montenegro [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

oregonensis, Rutilus Snyder [J. O.] 1908:87, Fig. 3 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 27 (Doc. 636) (for 1907); ref. 10251] XL Spring, Albert Lake, Lake County, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 55596. Paratypes: ANSP 39122-23 (2), 39124-25 (2); CAS-SU 9811-15 (39, 57, 29, now 31, 5), 9858 (35); Banarescu coll. [ex USNM 58357] (1); ?UMMZ 139021-24 (4, 2, 4, 4), 139027-28 (6, 6); USNM 58212 (14), 58357 (orig. 8, now 7), 59840 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:38 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:85 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:126-127 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Gila bicolor (Girard 1856), subspecies bicolor -- (Gilbert 1998:127 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies bicolor (Girard 1856) -- (Scharpf 2005:41[ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Oregon, U.S.A. [subspecies oregonensis]. Habitat: freshwater.

ovatus, Salmo Larrañaga [D. A.] 1923:388 [Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga v. 2; ref. 22561] Uruguay. No types known. Appeared as Salmo argenteus vel ovatus [with argenteus an existing species and ovatus an alternate name] in but Devincenzi 1925:322, 313 [ref. 20322]; Devincenzi treated as a synonym of Astyanax rutilus (Jen.) [= Tetragonopterus rutilus Jenyns]. •Species inquirenda in Characidae -- (Reis et al. 2003:159 [ref. 27061]). •Synonym of Astyanax rutilus (Jenyns 1842) -- (Mirande & Koerber 2015:24 [ref. 35117] with question, Koerber et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35267] with question). •? Synonym of Psalidodon rutilus (Jenyns 1842) -- (Zanata et al. 2024:263 [ref. 40718]). Current status: Uncertain as Psalidodon rutilus (Jenyns 1842). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.

pagellus, Leuciscus De Filippi [F.] 1844:400 [14] [Pesci finora osservati in Lombardia v. 1; ref. 19961] Lombardy, northern Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. On p. 14 of separate. Also appeared in De Filippi 1845:95 [ref. 18079]. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914]). •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

pallens, Leuciscus Blanchard [C. E.] 1866:386, Fig. 88 [Les poissons des eaux douces de la France; ref. 310] Small rivers in the vicinity of Annecy, France. Syntypes: ?MNHN. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

panosi, Rutilus Bogutskaya [N. G.] & Iliadou [K.] 2006:293, Fig. 1 [Zoosystematica Rossica v. 14 (no. 2); ref. 28494] Trichonis Lake, Greece. Holotype: ZIN 53751. Paratypes: NMW 49931 (2), 49932 (2), 49933 (5). 49934 (5), 9612-46 (35), 9717-55 (38); ZMH 4458 (2); ZIN 53752 (9). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Rutilus panosi Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:243 [ref. 29996], Marić 2010:154 [ref. 31525], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:62 [ref. 35029], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061]). •Valid as Leucos panosi (Bogutskaya & Iliado 2006) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:391 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Valid as Leucos panosi (Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Western Greece (introduced elsewhere). Habitat: freshwater.

pauperum, Leuciscus De Filippi [F.] 1844:401 [15] [Pesci finora osservati in Lombardia v. 1; ref. 19961] Lombardy, northern Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. On p. 15 of separate. Also appeared in De Filippi 1845:97 [ref. 18079]. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914]). •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

pausingeri, Leuciscus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1039 [49] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Egelsee, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 49884-86 (1, 1, 1). On p. 49 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

pigulus, Gardonus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:436 [Atti della Sesta Riunioni delli Scienziati Italiani, Milano (for 1844); ref. 22968] Lakes in Switzerland. Holotype: ANSP 6540. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:87 [ref. 13621]. Appeared first as name only, not available in Bonaparte 1841, fasc. 30, introduction p. 16 [ref. 512] •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

pigus, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:503, 607 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Lake Como, Lake Maggiore, and other lakes of Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:152 [ref. 21914], Lelek 1987:226 [ref. 22962], Kottelat 1997:79 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:200 [ref. 26728], Hanel 2003:48 [ref. 27894], Hanel & Lusk 2005:191 [ref. 28804], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:244 [ref. 29996], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515], Bianco & Delmastro 2011:5 [ref. 31648], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Bianco 2013:9 [ref. 32897], Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:398 [ref. 34417], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: southern Switzerland, Italy. Habitat: freshwater.

pigus, Cyprinus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:183 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Europe. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.154 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:211 [ref. 13434] but as holotype. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus pigus Lacepède 1803. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Wheeler 1958:211 [ref. 13434], Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

plargyrus, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:240 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Streams of Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:72 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:133 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:50 [ref. 3592]. •Questionably a synonym of Notropis chrysocephalus (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gilbert 1964:158 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:72 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:133 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Luxilus chrysocephalus Rafinesque 1820. Current status: Synonym of Luxilus chrysocephalus Rafinesque 1820. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

pleurobipunctatus, Rutilus Stephanidis [A.] 1939:19, Pl. 2 [The freshwater fishes of northern Greece and the island of Corfu.; ref. 21156] Thiamos, Lourou, Acheron and Evinos streams; Lake Trichonis, area of Kalamictisa; Corfu, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Leuciscus pleurobipunctatus (Stephanidis 1939) -- (Bianco 1988:4 [ref. 22381], Kottelat 1997:69 [ref. 22952], Bianco et al. 1996:50 [ref. 26724]). •Valid as Phoxinellus pleurobipunctatus (Stephanidis 1939) -- (Economidis 1995:208 [ref. 23025]). •Valid as Telestes pleurobipunctatus (Stephanidis 1939) -- (Ketmaier et al. 1998:47 [ref. 23809], Bogutskaya et al. 2006:336 [ref. 29055], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:286 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:68 [ref. 35029], Buj et al. 2019:7 [ref. 36636], Shumka et al. 2023:40 [ref. 40747]). Current status: Valid as Telestes pleurobipunctatus (Stephanidis 1939). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: coastal rivers in southern Albania to the Alfios River, southwestern Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

pomeranicus, Cyprinus Shaw [G.] 1804:202 [General zoology or systematic natural history; ref. 4015] Germany and Poland. Unneeded new name for Cyprinus buggenhagii Bloch 1784. •Objective synonym of Cyprinus buggenhagii Bloch 1784, a hybrid between Abramis brama x Rutilus rutilus Hybrid. Current status: Synonym of Cyprinus buggenhagii Bloch 1784. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Habitat: freshwater.

prasinus, Leuciscus Agassiz [L.] 1835:46, Pl. 2 [not Pl. 7] [Mémoires de la Société Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles v. 1; ref. 22] Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Syntypes: MHNN 994 (2), 994B (2), 995 (1). Type catalog: Kottelat 1984:148 [ref. 21784]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

prespensis, Leucos aula var. Karaman [S.] 1924:57 [Pisces Macedoniae; ref. 15902] Lake Prespa, Republic of Macedonia. Syntypes: (4) IEBMT. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Lelek 1987:230 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Rutilus ohridanus (Karaman 1924) -- (Marić & Radujković 2009:139 [ref. 31438]). •Valid as Rutilus prespensis (Karaman 1924) -- (Maric 1988:63 [ref. 20058], Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:244 [ref. 29996], Milsevič et al. 2011:1 [ref. 31524], Milosević et al. 2011:1107 [ref. 31524], Perea 2011:15 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:62 [ref. 35029], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Shumka et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40747]). •Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843 -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:385 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Lakes Prespa and Skadar: Albania, Greece and Macedonia (if valid). Habitat: freshwater.

roseus, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1839:fasc. 24, punt. 125, Pl. 114 (fig. 1) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4895] Piémonte, Italy. Holotype (unique): ANSP 6525. Bonaparte specimens: MNHN 0000-3916 (1) Rome. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:57 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1118 [ref. 20712], Böhlke 1984:89 [ref. 13621]. Puntata written as 126 on first page, corrected to 125 in index. •Synonym of Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:152 [ref. 21914], Kottelat 1997:79 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

rubella, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1837:fasc. 20, punt. 103, Pl. 112 (fig. 1) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4893] Viterbo; Marche; Naples; Perugino; Temi; Reiti, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6487-6508 (22), MNHN 0000-3924 (1) Rome, NMW 50772 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:57 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1117 [ref. 20712], Böhlke 1984:89 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914], Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

rubellicus, Leucos Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:6 [Catalogo metodico dei Ciprinidi d'Europa, ...; ref. 13472] Dalmatia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Based on Leucos rubella of Heckel. •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

rubellio, Cyprinus Leske [N. G.] 1774:53 [Ichthyologiae Lipsiensis specimen.; ref. 17505] Lipsiae/Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany; Swedish Lakes. Syntypes: ?LSL 63-64 (2). Based in part of Cyprinus idbarus Linnaeus 1758 and onother sources. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

ruber, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:242 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Tributaries of Elkhorn Creek, near Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:75 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:143 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:52 [ref. 3592]. •Status uncertain -- (Snelson & Pflieger 1975:233 [ref. 12387], Gilbert 1978:75 [ref. 7042]). •See Markle 1997:440 [ref. 23370]. •Most likely Lythrurus fasciolaris (Gilbert 1891) -- (Gilbert 1998:143 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Uncertain as Lythrurus fasciolaris (Gilbert 1891). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

rubilio, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1837:fasc. 19, punt. 96, Pl. 111 (fig. 2) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4893] Lake Nemi, Italy. Lectotype: ANSP 6509 (93 mm SL). Paralectotypes: ANSP 6510-19 (10); ?NMW 49860 (1), 50772 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:89 [ref. 13621]. Lectotype selected by Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:394 [ref. 33417]. •Valid as Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079], Lelek 1987:230 [ref. 22962], Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952], Bianco 1997:614 [ref. 26725], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:245 [ref. 29996], Marić & Radujković 2009:145 [ref. 31438], Marić 2010:153 [ref. 31525], Perea 2010:15 [ref. 31802]). •Valid as Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:393 [ref. 33417], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Petrosino et al. 2022:2 [ref. 39352]). Current status: Valid as Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: Italy endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

ruboculus, Gardonus Walecki [A.] 1863:364 [Biblioteka Warszawska, Wiadomosci Z Nauk [Science News] v. 4; ref. 22954] Apparently an unneeded new name for Cyprinus rutilus Linnaeus 1758. Also in Walecki 1864:44 [ref. 22969]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rutila, Moniana Girard [C. F.] 1856:201 [37] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Río Monterrey (tributary to Río San Juan), Cadereita [Cadereyta], Nuevo León, Mexico. Syntypes: (10) [all originally USNM 95] ANSP 4086 (1, in several pieces), MCZ 1794 (1), MNHN 0000-0429 (2), USNM 95 (orig. 10+, now 0, 2 sets of pharyngeal arches as #2698). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:77 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:90 [ref. 13621]. On p. 37 of separate. •Valid as Notropis rutilus (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1978:77 [ref. 7042]). •Valid as Cyprinella rutila (Girard 1856) -- (Mayden 1989:60 [ref. 12555], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:12 [ref. 22290], Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 1994:904 [ref. 22061], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:14 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:113 [ref. 28615], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page et al. 2013:70 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella rutila (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Atlantic Slope of Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

rutiloblicca, Bliccopsis Smitt [F. A.] 1895:811, Fig. 202 [A history of Scandinavian fishes; ref. 4146] Kristianstad. Orignally as rutilo-blicca. •Hybrid between Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) x Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:531 [ref. 20661]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

rutiloides, Leuciscus Selys-Longchamps [E. de] 1842:212, Pl. 7 (fig. 1) [Faune belge. Première partie; ref. 18717] Meuse River, Liège, Belgium. Holotype (unique): IRSNB 108. Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:13 [ref. 20755]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:382 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rutilus, Alestes Boulenger [G. A.] 1916:181, Fig. 116 [Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa v. 4; ref. 585] Northern Sherbo District, Sierra Leone. Syntypes: BMNH 1915.4.13.16-17 (2). •Valid as Alestes rutilus (Valenciennes 1850) -- (Paugy 1984:158 [ref. 6183]). •Synonym of Brycinus macrolepidotus Valenciennes 1850 -- (Lévêque et al. 1989:115 [ref. 26480], Paugy & Bénech 1989:300 [ref. 26478], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1990:220 [ref. 21589], Paugy et al. 1990:337 [ref. 26477], Lévèque et al. 1991:139 [ref. 31367], Boden & Geelhand de Merxem 2024:28 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Synonym of Brycinus macrolepidotus Valenciennes 1850. Alestidae. Habitat: freshwater.

rutilus, Bagarius Ng [H. H.] & Kottelat [M.] 2000:10, Fig. 3 [Journal of South Asian Natural History v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 25042] Market in Hanoi, Vietnam. Holotype: ZRC 40440. Paratypes: CAS 94941 (4), CMK 15407 (1); MNHN 1934-286 to 290 (5), NRM 13676 (2); ZRC 45704-05 (1, 1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:383 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Bagarius rutilus Ng & Kottelat 2000 -- (Kottelat 2001:54 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2001:135 [ref. 25780], Thomson & Page 2006:28 [ref. 28859], Ferraris 2007:383 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:221 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:170 [ref. 34477], Ng & Kottelat 2021:145 [ref. 38128]). Current status: Valid as Bagarius rutilus Ng & Kottelat 2000. Sisoridae: Sisorinae. Distribution: Red River and Nam Ma drainages: Laos, China and Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

rutilus, Culter Dybowski [B. N.] 1872:214 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 22; ref. 1170] Ussuri River and Khanka [Chanka] Lake, southeastern Russia. Syntypes: ZMB 7934 (1?) Khanka. •Synonym of Erythroculter mongolicus (Basilewsky 1855) -- (Berg 1949:806 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Culter mongolicus Basilewsky 1855 -- (Luo & Chen in Chen et al. 1998:189 [ref. 23878]). •Synonym of Chanodichthys mongolicus (Basilewsky 1855) -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:24 [ref. 22798], Naseka 1998:75 [ref. 23590], Kottelat 2006:29 [ref. 28831], Kottelat 2013:87 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Chanodichthys mongolicus (Basilewsky 1855). Xenocyprididae. Habitat: freshwater.

rutilus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:324 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] European lakes. Possible syntypes: LS 44 (1, right half-skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:32 [ref. 20705]. For remarks on systematics see Kottelat 2006:49 [ref. 28831]. •Valid as Leuciscus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:20 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:494 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Cadwallader & Backhouse 1983:168 [ref. 25473], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:9 [ref. 37731], Paxton et al. 1989:217 [ref. 12442], Brumley in McDowall 1996:105 [ref. 22909], Chereshnev 1996:601 [ref. 24659], Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:178 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:741 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Gabrielyan 2001:27 [ref. 25867], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:200 [ref. 26728], Allen et al. 2002:362 [ref. 25930], Hanel 2003:48 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:87 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:171 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:188 [ref. 28804], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat 2006:49 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:45 [ref. 28933], Allen et al. 2006:347 [ref. 29004], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:246 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:167 [ref. 31251], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:395 [ref. 33417], Parin et al. 2014:91 [ref. 33547], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:879 [ref. 34062], Barbieri et al. 2015:62 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Romanov et al. 2017:822 [ref. 35687], Kuiter 2018:97 [ref. 36369], Ćaleta et al. 2019:164 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:31 [ref. 36599], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:145 [ref. 37983], Baikeche et al. 2021:959 [ref. 39080], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:36 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:408 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[34] [ref. 40328] with question, Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Çiçek et al. 2024:252 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Europe and western Asia. Widely introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

rutilus, Liparis punctulatus Abe [T.] 1955:323, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan v. 16-19; ref. 12176] Koiso, Hayama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: LICPP 626. Paratypes: ZUMT 5547 (1). •Synonym of Liparis punctulatus (Tanaka 1916), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Kido in Masuda et al. 1984:337 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:387 [ref. 15964]). •Synonym of Liparis punctulatus (Tanaka 1916) -- (Kido 1988:168 [ref. 12287], Chernova et al. 2004:28 [ref. 27592]). Current status: Synonym of Liparis punctulatus (Tanaka 1916). Liparidae. Habitat: marine.

rutilus, Pseudochromis Gill [A. C.], Allen [G. R.] & Erdmann [M. V.] 2012:58, Fig. 4 [Zootaxa No. 3161; ref. 31745] Nusa Penida, Buyuk (8°40'S, 115°33'E), Indonesia, depth 65-70 meters. Holotype (unique): MZB 20568. •Valid as Pseudochromis rutilus Gill, Allen & Erdmann 2012 -- (Allen & Erdmann 2012:341 [ref. 31980]). Current status: Valid as Pseudochromis rutilus Gill, Allen & Erdmann 2012. Pseudochromidae: Pseudochrominae. Distribution: Nusa Penida Island, in the Lombok Strait off Bali [holotype]. Habitat: marine.

rutilus, Salarias Jenkins [O. P.] 1903:509, Fig. 49 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 (1902); ref. 2341] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: USNM 50695. Paratypes: (3). •Synonym of Istiblennius gibbifrons (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Springer 1971:25 [ref. 4145]). •Synonym of Blenniella gibbifrons (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Springer & Williams 1994:68 [ref. 21878], Mundy 2005:460 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:379 [ref. 30952] as rutilans). Current status: Synonym of Blenniella gibbifrons (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Blenniidae: Salariinae. Habitat: marine.

rutilus, Salmo Nilsson [S.] 1832:10 [Prodromus ichthyologiae Scandinavicae; ref. 3204] Hadeland, southwestern Norway. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:153 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus 1758). Salmonidae: Salmoninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

rutilus, Tetragonopterus Jenyns [L.] 1842:125, Pl. 23 (figs. 2, 2a) [The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Beagle; ref. 2344] Rio Paraná, South America. Holotype: BMNH 1917.7.14.14. •Treated as a synonym of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Cuvier 1819) and the same as Astyanax aeneus (Hensel 1870) -- (Malabarba 1989:129 [ref. 14217]). •Synonym of Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier 1819) -- (Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:109 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Astyanax rutilus (Jenyns 1842) -- (Protogino et al. 2006:10 [ref. 28780], de Melo & Buckup 2006:46 [ref. 28622], Almirón et al. 2010:67 [ref. 30813], Mirande 2010:516 [ref. 31006] as cf. rutilus, Soneira et al. 2010:785 [ref. 31078], Koerber 2011:3 [ref. 31122], Koerber 2014:5 [ref. 33621], Litz & Koerber 2014:14 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:24 [ref. 35117], Nión et al. 2016:29 [ref. 35565], Koerber et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35267], Terán et al. 2017:7 [ref. 35358], Dickens 2019:162 [ref. 37135]). •Valid as Psalidodon rutilus (Jenyns 1842) -- (Koerber et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37480], Mirande & Koerber 2020:2 [ref. 37594], Terán et al. 2020:11 [ref. 37440], Koerber et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38894], Koerber et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40355], Loureiro et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40506]). Current status: Valid as Psalidodon rutilus (Jenyns 1842). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Río Paraná basin (Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay). Habitat: freshwater.

ryzela, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:199 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Turin, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3935 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:58 [ref. 19574]. Not the same as Chondrostoma rysela on p. 395 in same work. •Synonym of Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803) -- (Kottelat 1997:79 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

sardella, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:243 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Sarno River at confluence with Garigliano, Italy. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

scardinus, Leuciscus De Filippi [F.] 1844:400 [14] [Pesci finora osservati in Lombardia v. 1; ref. 19961] Lombardy, northern Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. On p. 14 of separate. Also appeared in De Filippi 1845:96 [ref. 18079]. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914]). •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

schelkovnikovi, Rutilus rutilus Derjavin [A. N.] 1926:162 [4] [Izvestiya Bakinskoi ikhtiologicheskoi laboratorii Baku v. 1; ref. 19632] Karasu, a tributary of the Araks River, Armenia. Syntypes: (many) whereabouts unknown. On p. 4 of separate. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Berg 1949:530 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:252 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

selysii, Leuciscus Selys-Longchamps [E. de] (ex Heckel) 1842:210, Pl. 6 (fig. 1) [Faune belge. Première partie; ref. 18717] Longchamps-sur-Geer, Belgium. Syntypes: IRSBN, ?MHNN 996 (1). Type catalog: Kottelat 1984:148 [ref. 21784]. Predates Leuciscus selysii Heckel 1843 (see Kottelat 1984:148 [ref. 21784]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:382 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

simus, Cyprinus Hermann [J.] 1804:325 [Observationes zoologicae; ref. 2146] No locality. No types known. •Questionably a synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Uncertain as Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

sojuchbulagi, Rutilus Abdurakhmanov [Y. A.] 1950:112, Fig. [Doklady Akademii Nauk Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR v. 6 (no. 3); ref. 20585] Springs in Akstafa region, Kura River basin, Azerbaijan. No types known. Original not translated. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus sojuchbulagi (Abdurakhmanov 1950) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055]). •Valid as Rutilus sojuchbulagi Abdurakhmanov 1950 -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Fricke et al. 2007:47 [ref. 29533], Saç et al. 2019:114 [ref. 36976], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37535]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus sojuchbulagi Abdurakhmanov 1950. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Caspian Sea basin, Azerbaijan. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

spartiaticus, Rutilus Schmidt-Ries [H.] (ex Stephanidis) 1943:332 [Zeitschrift für Fischerei und deren Hilfswissenschaften. Radebeul No. 41; ref. 23019] Peloponese, Greece. No types known. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Stephanidis 1939 paper referred to by Schmidt-Ries not published until 1971 (see Kottelat 1997:85 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Tropidophoxinellus spartiaticus (Schmidt-Ries 1943) -- (Kottelat 1997:85 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:290 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:171 [ref. 30270], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:69 [ref. 35029]). Current status: Valid as Tropidophoxinellus spartiaticus (Schmidt-Ries 1943). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

spartiaticus, Rutilus Stephanidis [A.] 1971:176, Fig. 3 [Biologia Gallo-Hellenica v. 3 (no. 2) (for 1970); ref. 7540] Eurotas River, Sparta, Greece. Syntypes: (46) Lab. Zool. de l'Univ. de Thessalonique, Greece. See Kottelat 1997:85 [ref. 22952] for authorship and date; predated and preoccupied by Rutilus spartiaticus Schmidt-Ries 1943. Objectively invalid. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Tropidophoxinellus spartiaticus (Schmidt-Ries 1943). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

storerianus, Leuciscus Kirtland [J. P.] 1845:199 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 1 (1841-1844); ref. 18409] Lake Erie, North America. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:152 [ref. 23395]. Appeared first in Kirtland 1842:71 [ref. 18407] as "The true Rutilus plagurus of Raf., Dr. K. had been able finally to determine. The species formerly supposed by him [Kirtland] to be such, he now proposes to call R. Storerianus." No earlier treatment can be found; a full description under Leuciscus storerianus occurs as above, and the species apparently dates to that treatment. •Valid as Hybopsis storeriana (Kirtland 1845) -- (Lee et al. 1980:194 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:139 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:188 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:59 [ref. 14674], Scott & Crossman 1998:420 [ref. 24570]). •Valid as Macrhybopsis storeriana (Kirtland 1845) -- (Page & Burr 1991:104 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:52 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:195 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Stauffer et al. 1995:105 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:79 [ref. 23394], Mettee et al. 1996:221 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:152 [ref. 23395], Lyons et al. 2000:24 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:180 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807] dating to 1845, Bailey et al. 2004:81 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:130 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:210 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:24 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:210 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Echelle et al. 2018:547 [ref. 35765], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Macrhybopsis storeriana (Kirtland 1845). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: U.S.A. and Canada. Habitat: freshwater.

stoumboudae, Rutilus Bianco [P. G.] & Ketmaier [V.] 2014:398, Fig. 2H [Zootaxa 3841 (no. 3); ref. 33417] Lake Volvi, Greece. Holotype: IZA 02107A. Paratypes: IZA 02107B (11). •Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

sucharensis, Rutilus rutilus var. Stangenberg [M.] 1938:47 [Travaux et comptes rendus, Institut de Recherches des Forêts Domaniales Warszawa Ser. A, 39; ref. 23015] Lake Suchar Wielki, Poland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

terekensis, Leuciscus rutilus var. Rossikov [K. M.] 1895:No. 54 [Kavkazskoe Sel'skoe Khozyajstvo 54-56; ref. 23013] Terek River, Mosdok, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

trasimenicus, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1837:fasc. 20, punt. 103, Pl. 112 (fig. 4) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4893] Perugia, Natale, Lake Trasimeno, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 5039-58 (20), ?NMW 50789 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:93 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:136 [ref. 21914], Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

typicus, Plargyrus Girard [C. F.] 1856:196 [32] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Streams in Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:85 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:159 [ref. 23395]. On p. 32 of separate. Unneeded replacement name for Rutilus plargyrus Rafinesque 1820 (to avoid Strickland tautonymy). •Synonym of Notropis chrysocephalus (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gilbert 1964:158 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:79 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:159 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Luxilus chrysocephalus Rafinesque 1820. Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Luxilus chrysocephalus Rafinesque 1820. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

uzboicus, Rutilus rutilus Berg [L. S.] 1932:315 (766), Fig. 237 [Les poissons des eaux douces de l'U.R.S.S. Part 1; ref. 278] Lake Yashkan, Uzboi River basin. Syntypes: ?ZIN 2312 (?). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:512 [ref. 20661], Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:71 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but possible valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

vegariticus, Rutilus rutilus var. Stephanidis [A.] 1950:203 [Praktika tes Akademias Athenon v. 18; ref. 12807] Lake Vegaritida, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a possible valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:395 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

velecensis, Rutilus frisii Chichkoff [G.] 1932:355, 371, Fig. 1 [Trudove na Bulgarskogo Prirodoizpitatelno Druzhestvo = Travaux de la Société Bulgare des Sciences Naturelles v. 15-16; ref. 16478] Veleca River and Rezvaïa River, tributary to Black Sea, Bulgaria. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:178 [ref. 23566] as velencensis, Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:170 [ref. 28369], Fricke et al. 2007:240 [ref. 29533], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:143 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

virgo, Leuciscus Heckel [J. J.] 1852:69, Pls. 6-7 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 9; ref. 18260] Danube River near Vienna, Austria. Syntypes: NMW ?22373 (1), 50626 (1). •Synonym of Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803), but a valid subspecies -- (Lelek 1987:226, 227 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Rutilus pigus (Lacepède 1803) -- (Kottelat 1997:79 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Rutilus virgo (Heckel 1852) -- (Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:247 [ref. 29996], Bianco 2013:9 [ref. 32897], Ćaleta et al. 2015:37 [ref. 34877], Ćaleta et al. 2019:164 [ref. 37026], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus virgo (Heckel 1852). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Europe. Habitat: freshwater.

vobla, Leuciscus rutilus var. Dikson [B. I.] 1909:31 [Rybolovstvo v basseine Volgi Vyche Saratova No. 8; ref. 23014] Saratow, Russia. No types known. Original not seen, from Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

vukovici, Rutilus prespensis Marić [D.] 1988:65, Figs. 2d, 4 [Glasnik Republ'ickog Zavoda za Zastitu i Prirodnjackog Muzeja iu Titogradu = Vestnik Respublikanskogo Instituta za Okhranu Prirody i Estestvennonauchnogo Museia v Titograde = Bulletin of the Republic Institution for the Protection of Nature and the ..... No. 21; ref. 20058] Skadar Lake [=Skardarsko jezero], Yugoslavia. Holotype: BZT. Paratypes: BZT (15), no repository named (125). •Synonym of Rutilus ohridanus (Karaman 1924) -- (Marić & Radujković 2009:139 [ref. 31438], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515]). •Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843 -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:385 [ref. 33417]). •Synonym of Rutilus basak (Heckel 1843). Current status: Synonym of Leucos basak Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Lake Shadar, Montenegro (if valid). Habitat: freshwater.

wyresuba, Rutilus Gratzianov [V. I.] 1907:101, 104 [Trudy Otdela Ichtiologii Imperatorskago Russkago Obshchestva Akklimatizacii Zivotnych' i Rastenii. v. 4; ref. 1871] Danube, Dienpr, Dniestr, etc., Ukraine. No types known. Based on wiresuba Güldenstädt 1791:169 (not available), and other literature sources. •See wiresuba Güldenstädt 1791. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

wyrozub, Gardonus Walecki [A.] 1863:341, 360 [Biblioteka Warszawska, Wiadomosci Z Nauk [Science News] v. 4; ref. 22954] Several localities. No types known. Syntypes: ?NMW 50456 (2). Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952] "restricted" the original description to one source (Nordmann 1840), but the Code does not provide for such restriction in that manner. Species was based on several other species (some in part) of other authors. Also in Walecki 1864:45 [ref. 22969] •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:143 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

xanthopterus, Cyprinus Vallot [J.-N.] 1837:147 [Ichthyologie française, ou histoire naturelle des poissons d'eau douce de la France.; ref. 17873] Ouche stream, below the park, Dijon, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Questionably a synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:80 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Uncertain as Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

ylikiensis, Rutilus Economidis [P. S.] (ex Stephanidis) 1991:10 [Check list of freshwater fishes of Greece; ref. 23018] Several lakes in Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Appeared first as Rutilus aula rubella var. ylikiensis Stephanidis 1939:49, 55, Pl. 3 [ref. 23005] and Schmidt-Ries [ex Stephanidis] 1943:331 [ref. 23019] as infrasubspecific and unavailable; from Lake Yliki, Greece. Available as above; types are Stephanidis' specimens. •Valid as Rutilus ylikiensis Economidis 1991 -- (Kottelat 1997:82 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:248 [ref. 29996], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:63 [ref. 35029], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061]). •Valid as Leucos ylikiensis (Economidis 1991) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:387 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Valid as Leucos ylikiensis (Economidis 1991). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.