Species that contain: Solea and solea [ 113 ] records

aegyptiaca, Solea vulgaris forma Chabanaud [P.] 1927:35 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 488; ref. 782] Ismailia, Egypt, Mediterranean Sea. Neotype: MNHN 1902-0009. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:347 [ref. 25922]. Neotype designated by Vachon et al. 2008:21 [ref. 29607]. •Synonym of Solea vulgaris Quensel 1806, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Torchio 1973:628 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1318 [ref. 13677], Desoutter 1986:431 [ref. 6212]). •Synonym of Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Ben-Tuvia 1990:949 [ref. 15614], Golani 2005:63 [ref. 37112]). •Valid as Solea aegyptiaca Chabanaud 1927 -- (Borsa & Quignard 2001:2301 [ref. 25908], Desoutter et al. 2001:347 [ref. 25922], Vachon et al. 2005:318 [ref. 29620], Vachon et al. 2008:21 [ref. 29607], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:74 [ref. 36649] as aegyptica, Chanet et al. 2012:581 [ref. 34114], Golani et al. 2014:321 [ref. 33139], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[22] 260 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:175 [ref. 36273], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:104 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:29 [ref. 37519], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Solea aegyptiaca Chabanaud 1927. Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea endemic; Gulf of Suez, Red Sea (Mediterranean Sea immigrant). Habitat: brackish, marine.

alboguttata, Solea Fowler [H. W.] 1929:251, Fig. 1 (top) [Annals of the Natal Museum v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 1403] Off Natal Bluff, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. No types known. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:157 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827) -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:874 [ref. 5665], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:404 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

angulosa, Solea Kaup [J. J.] 1858:94 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 24 (pt. 1); ref. 2578] La Rochelle, France, Bay of Biscay, northeastern Atlantic; Algeria, western Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3223 (1), 0000-3242 (1), 0000-3241 (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:323-324 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Dicologoglossa cuneata (Moreau 1881) -- (Torchio 1973:631 [ref. 6892], Desoutter 1990:1039 [ref. 18967]). •Synonym of Microchirus theophila (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter 1990:1042 [ref. 18967]). •Synonym of the younger Microchirus azevia (de Brito Capello 1867) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:323 [ref. 25922] based on current usage). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

annulatus, Pleuronectes solea var. Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Gronow) 1792:110 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality stated. No types known. Based on 'Pleuronectes oblongus, laevis ... of Growow 1763:75 , no. 255 [ref. 1910]. See also Pleuronectes barbatus Bonnaterre 1788. •Incertae sedis in Pleuronectidae -- (Evseenko 2004:27 [ref. 27606]). Pleuronectidae. Habitat: marine.

anonyma, Solea Basilewsky [S.] 1855:262 [Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou v. 10; ref. 200] China. No types at ZIN. •Questionably a synonym of Cynoglossus robustus Günther 1873 -- (Li & Wang 1995:338 [ref. 16193]). Current status: Uncertain as Cynoglossus robustus Günther 1873. Cynoglossidae: Cynoglossinae. Habitat: marine.

argentea, Pleuronectes Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Petiver) 1788:77 [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Philippines. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:344 [ref. 25922]. Based on the 'Solea philippensis argentea of Petiver 1702:41, Pl. 26 [ref. 30233]. Soleidae.

arnoglossa, Solea Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:14, 52 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum 1792) -- (Parenti 2019:117 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum 1792). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

ater, Leptosoma Nardo [G. D.] 1827:32, 39 (no. 139) [Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti. (series 2) Dec. II, v. 10; ref. 3146] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Also in Nardo 1827:col. 481 and 487 [ref. 19740]. Unneeded new name for and objective synonym of Pleuronectoides solea Nardo 1824. Also seen as Leptosoma atrum and Leptosoma atra. •Incertae sedis in Pleuronectidae -- (Evseenko 2004:28 [ref. 27606]). Replacement Name. Pleuronectidae. Habitat: marine.

aurantiaca, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:467 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Eastern Atlantic. Syntypes: (at least 13) BMNH 1848.1.12.545-547 and 549 (skins), 1856.12.10.139 and 141 (skins), 1982.3.12.9 (1). Based on literature sources and specimens. •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter 1990:1044 [ref. 18967] as auriantiaca). • Current status: Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

azevia, Solea de Brito Capello [F.] 1867:166 [Jornal do Sciências Mathemáticas, Physicas e Naturaes, Lisboa v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 14041] Lisbon/Lisboa, Portugal; Gibraltar; Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands; Bilbao, northeastern Atlantic; Barcelona, Spain, western Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-4850 [or 4805] (1) Lisbon, ZMB 6456 (1) Lisbon. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Microchirus theophila (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter 1990:1042 [ref. 18967]). •Valid as Microchirus azevia (de Brito Capello 1867) -- (Torchio 1973:633 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1314 [ref. 13677], Desoutter 1994:232 [ref. 22326], Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:152 [ref. 26753], Fricke et al. 2007:115 [ref. 29533], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3015 [ref. 34618] dated 1868, Martins & Carneiro 2018:88 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:192 [ref. 37250], Bañón & Maño 2021:97 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:49 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Microchirus azevia (de Brito Capello 1867). Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Galicia (Spain) south to Senegal, including Madeira; strays to British Isles. Habitat: marine.

beauforti, Aseraggodes Chabanaud [P.] 1930:189 [Zoologische Mededeelingen (Leiden) v. 13 (no. 3-4); ref. 16264] Timor Sea, 10°27.9'S, 123°28.7'W, Siboga station 302, depth 216 meters. Lectotype: ZMA 115242 (49,2 mm). Paralectotypes: (11) ZMA 123862 [ex ZMA 115242] (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:341 [ref. 25922] with a different location than given below. Based Aseraggodes cyaneus of Weber 1913:435 (not Solea cyanea Alcock). Lectotype selected by Randall & Desoutter-Meniger 2007:308 [ref. 29399]; the smaller specimen not this species. •Valid as Aseraggodes beauforti Chabanaud 1930 -- (Randall & Desoutter-Meniger 2007:308 [ref. 29399], Randall et al. 2013:5 [ref. 32941]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes beauforti Chabanaud 1930. Soleidae. Distribution: Timor Sea. Habitat: marine.

bifurcatus, Suezichthys Russell [B. C.] 1986:59, Figs. 1-2 [Transactions Royal Society of South Australia v. 110 (pt 2); ref. 5990] Great Australian Bight, 34°20'-34°21'S, 123°42-123°43'E, Western Australia, Solea station 5, depth 80 meters. Holotype: SAMA F5037. Paratypes: SAMA F5038 (1). •Valid as Suezichthys bifurcatus Russell 1986 -- (Gomon et al. 1994:699 [ref. 22532], Parenti & Randall 2000:40 [ref. 24943], Hutchins 2001:39 [ref. 25847], Allen et al. 2006:1412 [ref. 29095], Russell & Gomon 2008:659 [ref. 30655], Kuiter 2010:249 [ref. 35285], Russell & Westneat 2013:90 [ref. 32655], Hoschke et al. 2019:158 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Suezichthys bifurcatus Russell 1986. Labridae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia, South Australia. Habitat: marine.

bleekeri, Solea Boulenger [G. A.] 1898:2 [Marine Investigations in South Africa No. 1; ref. 14678] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Holotype (unique): RMNH 3571. Also p. 2 of v. 1 in 1902. •Valid as Solea bleekeri Boulenger 1898 -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:873 [ref. 5665], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:438 [ref. 28072]). •Synonym of Pegusa nasuta (Pallas 1814) -- (Vachon et al. 2005:315 [ref. 29620]). •Valid as Pegusa bleekeri (Boulenger 1898) -- (Fricke et al. 2018:373 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Pegusa bleekeri (Boulenger 1898). Soleidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South Africa to Madagascar. Habitat: brackish, marine.

borbonica, Solea Regan [C. T.] 1905:393, Pl. 6 (fig. 2) [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 13; ref. 15384] Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MHNG 678.03. Type catalog: Mahnert 1976:475 [ref. 21535], Weber 1998:13 [ref. 32707]. •Valid as Soleichthys borbonica (Regan 1905) -- (Quéro 1997:324 [ref. 23236]). •Synonym of Soleichthys tubifera (Peters 1876) -- (Fricke 1999:574 [ref. 24106], Munroe & Menke 2004:252 [ref. 27772]). •Synonym of Soleichthys tubiferus (Peters 1876) or a valid species -- (Muchhala & Munroe 2004:57 [ref. 27597]). •Synonym of Soleichthys tubiferus (Peters 1876) -- (Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:403 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Synonym of Soleichthys tubiferus (Peters 1876). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

boscanion, Solea (Microchirus) Chabanaud [P.] 1926:127 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 32 (no. 2); ref. 15579] Eastern Atlantic. Syntypes: MNHN 1886-0007 (1), 1886-0008 (1) Coast of Spain, 1886-0013 (1), 1886-0014 (1), 1909-0467 (5) Sudan; Lab. Pêches et Productions Coloniales d'Origine Animale (1) Lévrier Bay. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Buglossidium luteum (Risso 1810) -- (Torchio 1973:631 [ref. 6892]). •Valid as Microchirus boscanion (Chabanaud 1926) -- (Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1314 [ref. 13677], Desoutter 1990:1040 [ref. 18967], Desoutter 1994:230 [ref. 22326], Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643], Zenetos et al. 2010:412 [ref. 31201], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3016 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:89 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:193 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:297 [ref. 38139], Bañón & Maño 2021:97 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:233 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Microchirus boscanion (Chabanaud 1926). Soleidae. Distribution: Western Mediterranean; eastern Atlantic: Gibraltar south to northern Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

brasiliensis, Solea Agassiz [L.] in Spix & Agassiz 1831:87, Pl. 48 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Mediterranean Sea [not Brazil]. Syntypes: MHNN 804 (1). Type catalog: Kottelat 1984:150 [ref. 21784]. Type information: Kottelat 1988:84 [ref. 13380]. •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). •Valid as Solea brasiliensis Agassiz 1831 -- (Nión et al. 2016:55 [ref. 35565]). Current status: Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

brasiliensis, Solea Kaup [J. J.] 1858:95 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 24 (pt. 1); ref. 2578] Montevideo, Uruguay [in error, eastern Atlantic]. Holotype (unique): MNHN-1460. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922] and locality correction. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Solea brasiliensis Agassiz 1831; replaced by Solea kaupi Berg 1895. •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

brownii, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:477 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Atlantic coast of southern states of North America. Syntypes: BMNH 1852.8.16.23 (1), 1852.12.9.27 (1), Based on literature sources and 2 specimens. •Synonym of Trinectes maculatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Current status: Synonym of Trinectes maculatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

buglossa, Solea Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:14 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Unneeded replacement name for Pleuronectes solea Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Pleuronectes solea Linnaeus 1758 -- (Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). •Synonym of Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

capellonis, Solea Steindachner [F.] 1868:722 [56], Pl. 4 (fig. 2) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 57 (1. Abth.); ref. 18779] Gibraltar; Hvar [Lesina], Croatia, Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Syntypes: NMW 14035-36 (1, 1), 14037-38 (3), 14059-60 (2). On p. 56 of separate. •Synonym of Solea kleini (Bonaparte 1933, ? = Risso 1826 = 1927) -- (Torchio 1973:629 [ref. 6892]). •Synonym of Synaptura kleinii (Risso 1827) -- (Desoutter 1990:1047 [ref. 18967]). •Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827). Current status: Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

capensis, Solea (Pegusa) Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1902:110, Pl. 9 [Marine Investigations in South Africa v. 2; ref. 1644] Fish-Hoek and Muizenberg, False Bay; 4.5 miles off Cape St. Blaize, depth 30 fathoms; and Algoa Bay, South Africa. Holotype: SAM 15423. Paratypes: BMNH 1901.7.27.9 (1); SAM 15405-06 [? = 15423-24] (1, 1). •Valid as Solea capensis Gilchrist 1902 -- (Desoutter 1990:1045 [ref. 18967]). •Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827) -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:874 [ref. 5665], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:404 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

chirophthalmus, Solea Regan [C. T.] 1915:129 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 15 (no. 85); ref. 15006] Lagos, Nigeria. Syntypes: (5) BMNH 1914.11.2.61-63 (3), MNHN 1926-0010 [ex BMNH 1914.11.2.64] (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922] as chirophthalma. The original spelling was chirophthalmus but evidently should be emended to chirophthalma. •Valid as Vanstraelenia chirophthalmus (Regan 1915) -- (Desoutter 1990:1048 [ref. 18967], Desoutter 1994:237 [ref. 22326]). •Valid as Vanstraelenia chirophthalma (Regan 1915) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3029 [ref. 34618], Reiner 2019:298 [ref. 38139], Fermon et al. 2022:234 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Vanstraelenia chirophthalma (Regan 1915). Soleidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

cinerea, Solea Guichenot [A.] (ex Valenciennes) 1850:106 [Histoire naturelle des reptiles et poissons; ref. 1940] Algier, Algeria, Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3296 (8). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:324-325 [ref. 25922]. Virtually no distinguishing features presented, marginally available. •Synonym of Pegusa nasuta (Pallas 1814) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Pegusa nasuta (Pallas 1814). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cithara, Solea Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:14, 52 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti 2019:117 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus 1758). Citharidae. Habitat: marine.

cleverleyi, Solea Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1906:160, Pl. 44 [Marine Investigations in South Africa v. 4; ref. 1647] Walvis Bay, southwestern Africa. Holotype (unique): SAM 15401. •Synonym of Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858 -- (Desoutter 1990:1046 [ref. 18967]). •Synonym of Dicologlossa cuneata (Moreau 1881) -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:870 [ref. 5665], Desoutter 1994:242 [ref. 22326]). Current status: Synonym of Dicologlossa cuneata (Moreau 1881). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

commersoni, Solea (Brachirus) Swainson [W.] 1839:303 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] No types known. Based on Russ. No. 70 -- which is Russell 1803:Pl. 70 [ref. 13862]. Habitat: marine.

cuneata, Solea Moreau [É.] (ex de la Pylaie) 1881:312 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Moreau); ref. 3040] Atlantic coast of France. Syntypes: (2) MNHN 1898-0951 (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:325 [ref. 25922] with a paratype. •Valid as Dicologoglossa cuneata (Moreau 1881) -- (Torchio 1973:631 [ref. 6892], Desoutter 1990:1038 [ref. 18967], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:179 [ref. 25472], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:152 [ref. 26753]). •Valid as Solea cuneata Moreau 1881 -- (Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643]). •Valid as Dicologlossa cuneata (Moreau 1881) -- (Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1312 [ref. 13677], Heemstra & Gon 1986:870 [ref. 5665], Desoutter 1994:239 [ref. 22326], Desoutter et al. 2001:325 [ref. 25922], Fricke et al. 2007:115 [ref. 29533], Wirtz et al. 2007:22, 41 [ref. 30263], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3013 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:93 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:192 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:296 [ref. 38139], Bañón & Maño 2021:97 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:49 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:232 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Dicologlossa cuneata (Moreau 1881). Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay south to Cape of Good Hope (South Africa), including Madeira, Canary Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cyanea, Solea Alcock [A. W.] 1890:439 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 6 (no. 36) (art. 52); ref. 86] Off Ganjam coast, Investigator station 79, depth 33 fathoms, and off Vizagapatam coast, Investigator, depth 20-25 fathoms, India. Syntypes: BMNH 1928.3.20.136 [ex ASI F12818] (1), ZSI F12918 (1) depth 33 fathoms. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:159 [ref. 20743], Menon and Rama-Rao 1970:377 [ref. 27516], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:45 [ref. 22148]. •Valid as Aseraggodes cyaneus (Alcock 1890) -- (Winterbottom et al. 1989:67 [ref. 13251], Quéro & Desoutter 1990:106 [ref. 15757], Munroe in Randall & Lim 2000:645 [ref. 25122], Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377], Randall et al. 2013:5 [ref. 32941], Fricke et al. 2018:372 [ref. 35805], Psomadakis et al. 2020:595 [ref. 37272], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:388 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes cyaneus (Alcock 1890). Soleidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa (Mozambique), Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman and Madagascar east to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

cynoglossa, Solea Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:14, 53 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Microchirus variegatus (Donovan 1808) -- (Parenti 2019:117 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Microchirus variegatus (Donovan 1808). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

elongata, Solea Day [F.] 1877:426, Pl. 90 (fig. 4) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Madras, India. Syntypes (2) and/or Day specimens: ?AMS B.8278-79 (2); ZSI 1091 (1, lost), 1094 (1, lost), 2714 (1, figured specimen, lost). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:162 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:297 [ref. 25110]. Reasons for loss of ZSI type specimens during WWII see Chopra 1947:349-350 [ref. 33077]. •Valid as Solea elongata Day 1877 -- (Goren & Dor 1994:72 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:361 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:234 [ref. 23922], Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377], Vachon et al. 2005:318 [ref. 29620], Vachon et al. 2008:16 [ref. 29607], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:84 [ref. 35264], Psomadakis et al. 2015:327 [ref. 34104], Ali et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36183], Eagderi et al. 2019:124 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 12 [ref. 38321], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:401 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Solea elongata Day 1877. Soleidae. Distribution: Red Sea; northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf east to Sri Lanka and western Bay of Bengal (India). Habitat: marine.

fasciata, Solea Basilewsky [S.] 1855:261 [Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou v. 10; ref. 200] Shantung [Shandong], China. Holotype or syntype: ZIN 5273 (1, lost). Type catalog: Voronina & Volkova 2019:280 [ref. 37075]. Type specimen ZIN 5273 lost during WWII; see Voronina & Volkova 2019:280 [ref. 37075]. •Valid as Zebrias fasciatus (Basilewsky 1855) -- (Ochiai in Masuda et al. 1984:355 [ref. 6441], Gomon 1987:21 [ref. 17667], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:201 [ref. 21500], Nakabo 2000:1386 [ref. 25182], Nakabo 2002:1386 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:440, 687 [ref. 26218], Kim et al. 2020:195 [ref. 39118]). •Synonym of Zebrias zebra (Bloch 1787) -- (Li & Wang 1995:317 [ref. 16193], Kottelat 2013:466 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Zebrias zebrinus (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Wang et al. 2014:50 [ref. 34516]). Current status: Synonym of Zebrias zebrinus (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

fasciata, Synaptura Macleay [W.] 1882:14 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 7 (pt 1); ref. 2870] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS I.16281-001 [ex MAMU F1168]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Solea fasciata Basilewsky 1855 when both are in Zebrias; replaced by Zebrias scalaris Gomon 1987. •Objective synonym of Zebrias scalaris Gomon 1987 -- (Gomon et al. 1994:865 [ref. 22532], Hoese & Bray 2006:1852 [ref. 29000]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Zebrias scalaris Gomon 1987. Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

fimbriata, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:477 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Gulf of Fonseca, Pacific coast of Central America. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1848.3.18.184. •Valid as Trinectes fimbriatus (Günther 1862) -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:293 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:154 [ref. 23101], Krupp in Fischer et al. 1995:849 [ref. 22829], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:215 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:492 [ref. 24550], Walker & Bollinger 2001:182 [ref. 25782], Nelson et al. 2004:182 [ref. 27807], Duplain 2009:33 [ref. 40454], Duplain et al. 2012:541 [ref. 32201], Page et al. 2013:188 [ref. 32708], Angulo et al. 2013:1010 [ref. 33194], González-Murcia et al. 2019:299 [ref. 36544], Angulo 2021:16 [ref. 38913], Page et al. 2023:134 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Trinectes fimbriatus (Günther 1862). Achiridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Chiapas (Mexico) south to Peru. IUCN (2022): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

fischerei, Solea Steindachner [F.] 1879:150 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 16 (no. 15) (for 19 June 1879); ref. 20478] Río Mamoni near Chepo, Panama. Syntypes: (several) NMW. Species originally described as above, but later as fischeri when illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1879:161 [p. 13 in separate], Pl. 2 (fig. 8) [ref. 18782]. Soleidae.

fluviatilis, Solea Ramsay [E. P.] 1882:111 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 7 (pt 1); ref. 18594] Hunter River, New South Wales, Australia. Syntypes: not at AMS. If a synonym of macleayanus then the habitat should be marine. •Synonym of Aseraggodes macleayanus (Ramsay 1881) -- (Hoese & Bray 2006:1843 [ref. 29000]). •Synonym of Synclidopus macleayanus (Ramsay 1881) -- (Randall 2005:193 [ref. 28892]). Current status: Synonym of Synclidopus macleayanus (Ramsay 1881). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

foliacea, Solea Richardson [J.] 1846:279 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China; coasts of China. No types known. Non-types: BMNH 1851.12.27.213-214. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:218, Pl. 28a [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Brachirus orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Li & Wang 1995:305 [ref. 16193], Kottelat 2013:464 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Brachirus foliaceus (Richardson 1846) -- (Voronina 2019:423 [ref. 36809] as foliacea). Current status: Synonym of Brachirus orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fonsecensis, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:475 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Gulf of Fonseca, Pacific coast of Central America. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1848.3.18.189. •Valid as Trinectes fonsecensis (Günther 1862) -- (Villa 1982:239 [ref. 36708], Bussing 1987:256 [ref. 22927], Allen & Robertson 1994:293 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:154 [ref. 23101], Krupp in Fischer et al. 1995:849 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:49 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:623 [ref. 24023], Bussing 1998:432 [ref. 24179], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:212 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:491 [ref. 24550], Walker & Bollinger 2001:182 [ref. 25782], Nelson et al. 2004:182 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:177 [ref. 37547], Miller 2006:403 [ref. 28615], Duplain 2009:48 [ref. 40454], Scharpf 2009:15 [ref. 30400], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:195 [ref. 30957], Duplain et al. 2012:541 [ref. 32201], Angulo et al. 2013:1010 [ref. 33194], Page et al. 2013:188 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:392 [ref. 34894], González-Murcia et al. 2019:299 [ref. 36544], Angulo et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37425], Angulo 2021:11 [ref. 38913], Angulo et al. 2023:43 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:134 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:250 [ref. 40816], Valenzuela et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40815]). Current status: Valid as Trinectes fonsecensis (Günther 1862). Achiridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Peru, including southern Gulf of California (Mexico). IUCN (2019): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

fulvomarginata, Solea Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1904:13, Pl. 33 [Marine Investigations in South Africa v. 3; ref. 1646] False Bay, South Africa. Syntypes: BMNH 1903.9.26.1 [from Gilchrist] (1), SAM 15402 (1). Originally as fulvo-marginata. •Valid as Solea fulvomarginata Gilchrist 1904 -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:873 [ref. 5665], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:438 [ref. 28072]). •Valid as Barnardichthys fulvomarginatus (Gilchrist 1904) -- (Vachon et al. 2008:23 [ref. 29607], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:393 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Barnardichthys fulvomarginata (Gilchrist 1904). Soleidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwetern Indian Ocean: Western Cape, Eastern Cape (South Africa). Habitat: marine.

greenii, Solea Günther [A.] 1889:249 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 4 (no. 21); ref. 18208] Southwestern coast of Ireland, depth 150 fathoms. Holotype: BMNH 1889.10.28.14. Described in more detail in Günther 1889:419 [ref. 18783]. •Synonym of Bathysolea profundicola (Vaillant 1888) -- (Torchio 1973:630 [ref. 6892], Desoutter 1990:1038 [ref. 18967], Desoutter & Chapleau 1997:406 [ref. 23363]). Current status: Synonym of Bathysolea profundicola (Vaillant 1888). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

gronovii, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:472 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Atlantic coast of tropical America. Lectotype: BMNH 2012.10.24.9 (1) Suriname. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1959.12.16.1 (1) West Indies, 1959.12.16.2 (1) and 1959.12.16.3 (1) Demerara. Based on literature sources and specimens. Lectotype selected by Chabanaud 1940:89 [ref. 13166] in synonymy of Achirus achirus (Linnaeus 1758). •Incertae sedis in Pleuronectidae -- (Evseenko 2004:28 [ref. 27606]). Pleuronectidae. Habitat: marine.

haackeana, Solea (Achirus) Steindachner [F.] 1883:195 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse v. 20 (no. 22); ref. 20488] St. Vincent Gulf, South Australia. Syntypes: (several) NMW 14330-33 (1, 1, 1, 1). Species later illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1884:1104 [p. 40 of separate], Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [ref. 4234]. •Valid as Aseraggodes haackeanus (Steindachner 1883) -- (Randall & Meléndez 1987:104 [ref. 9173], Gomon et al. 1994:860 [ref. 22532], Hutchins 2001:47 [ref. 25847], Randall 2005:210 [ref. 28892], Hoese & Bray 2006:1842 [ref. 29000], Gomon 2008:817 [ref. 30616], Randall et al. 2013:4 [ref. 32941], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:119 [ref. 36167]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes haackeanus (Steindachner 1883). Soleidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: Western Australia; South Australia, Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

heinii, Solea Steindachner [F.] 1903:153 [31], Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 71; ref. 15046] Qishn, Yémen, Arabian coast. Syntypes: (7) NMW (lost). Not included in abstract [ref. 14894]. On p. 29 of separate. •Valid as Solea heinii Steindachner 1903 -- (Coad 1991:27 [ref. 15702], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377], Vachon et al. 2005:318 [ref. 29620], Vachon et al. 2008:18 [ref. 29607], Ali et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36183], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:402 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Solea heinii Steindachner 1903. Soleidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden east to west coast of India. Habitat: marine.

heterorhinos, Solea Bleeker [P.] 1856:64 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 1; ref. 311] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Syntypes: ? AMS B.7685 (1); BMNH 1862.6.3.12 (1); RMNH 6758 (3). •Valid as Aesopia heterorhinos (Bleeker 1856) -- (Dor 1984:270 [ref. 29757], Allen & Swainston 1988:146 [ref. 25477], Goren & Dor 1994:71 [ref. 25356], Allen 1997:234 [ref. 23977]). •Valid as Soleichthys heterorhinos (Bleeker 1856) -- (Ochiai in Masuda et al. 1984:355 [ref. 6441], Li & Wang 1995:289 [ref. 16193], Myers 1999:280 [ref. 23965], Munroe in Randall & Lim 2000:646 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1385 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:451 [ref. 25191], Hutchins 2001:47 [ref. 25847], Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314], Nakabo 2002:1385 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:64 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:649 [ref. 27495], Muchhala & Munroe 2004:57 [ref. 27597], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Munroe & Menke 2004:248 [ref. 27772], Randall 2005:617 [ref. 28239], Hoese & Bray 2006:1849 [ref. 29000], Randall & Munroe 2008:76 [ref. 29862], Motomura et al. 2010:231 [ref. 31256], Ohashi & Motomura 2011:108 [ref. 32413], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1056 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:228 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:191 [ref. 33932], Fricke et al. 2019:317 [ref. 36673], Fujiwara et al. 2020:38 [ref. 38631], Tashiro 2022:86 [ref. 39012]). Current status: Valid as Soleichthys heterorhinos (Bleeker 1856). Soleidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Marshall Islands, Tonga and Samoa, north to Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan) and southern Sea of Japan, south to New South Wales (Australia). Former Red Sea records are now assigned to Soleichthys dori Randall & Munroe, 2008 Habitat: marine.

hexophthalma, Solea Bennett [E. T.] 1831:147 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1830-31 (pt 1); ref. 5778] Atlantic coast of northern Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1855.12.26.540 [or 520] [ex Zool. Soc.]. Species epithet misspelled exophthalma by Gruvel & Bouyat 1906:155 [ref. 30367]. •Valid as Dicologoglossa [sic] hexophthalma (Bennett 1831) -- (Torchio 1973:632 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1313 [ref. 13677], Desoutter 1990:1039 [ref. 18967], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:73 [ref. 36649]). •Valid as Solea hexophthalma Bennett 1831 -- (Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643], Kovačić et al. 2020:29 [ref. 37519]). •Valid as Monochirus hexophthalmus (Bennett 1831) -- (Reiner 2019:297 [ref. 38139]). •Valid as Microchirus hexophthalmus (Bennett 1831) -- (Desoutter 1994:234 [ref. 22326], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3018 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:92 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:193 [ref. 37250], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:233 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Microchirus hexophthalmus (Bennett 1831). Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Angola, including Madeira, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

humilis, Solea Cantor [T. E.] 1849:1201 [219] [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 715] Sea of Penang, Malaysia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1860.3.19.480 (skin). On p. 219 of separate. •Synonym of Solea ovata Richardson 1846 -- (Li & Wang 1995:287 [ref. 16193], Munroe 2001:3887 [ref. 26314], Vachon et al. 2008:12 [ref. 29607]). Current status: Synonym of Solea ovata Richardson 1846. Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

impar, Solea Bennett [E. T.] 1831:147 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1830-31 (pt 1); ref. 5778] West Africa, eastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1852.9.13.163 [ex Zool. Soc.]. •Valid as Solea impar Bennett 1831 -- (Torchio 1973:629 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1319 [ref. 13677], Golani 2005:63 [ref. 37112], Golani 2021:87 [ref. 38303]). •Synonym of Solea lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Ben-Tuvia 1990:955 [ref. 15614], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:154 [ref. 26753]). •Valid as Pegusa impar (Bennett 1831) -- (Borsa & Quignard 2001:2301 [ref. 25908], Fricke et al. 2007:116 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:74 [ref. 36649], Artüz & Fricke 2019:561 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:194 [ref. 37250], Bariche & Fricke 2020:103 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:29 [ref. 37519], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Pegusa impar (Bennett 1831). Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Senegal. Habitat: brackish, marine.

indica, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:474 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Madras, India. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1846.11.22.--. Soleidae.

jenynsii, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:476 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Río de la Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1917.7.25.3 (skin). Based on literature sources. •Valid as Achirus jenynsii (Günther 1862) -- (Gómez & Chebez 1996:66 [ref. 23791] as jenynsi). •Valid as Catathyridium jenynsii (Günther 1862) -- (Sverlij et al. 1998:79 [ref. 27632] as jenynsi, Britski et al. 1999:154 [ref. 24147], Ramos in Reis et al. 2003:667 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:79 [ref. 27366], Ramos in Menezes et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27192], Menni 2004:88 [ref. 28131] as jenynsi, Litz & Koerber 2014:36 [ref. 33622], Sarmiento et al. 2014:189 [ref. 35004], Mirande & Koerber 2015:59 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:426 [ref. 34561], Nión et al. 2016:55 [ref. 35565], Koerber et al. 2017:82 [ref. 35267], Reis et al. 2020:471 [ref. 38364], Bitencourt et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39848], Loureiro et al. 2023:175 [ref. 40506]). Current status: Valid as Catathyridium jenynsii (Günther 1862). Achiridae. Distribution: South America: Paraná and Uruguay River basins (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay). Habitat: freshwater.

kaiana, Solea Günther [A.] 1880:49, Pl. 21 (fig. C) [Report on the shore fishes procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873-1876 v. 1 (pt 6); ref. 2011] Kai Islands, Indonesia, Banda Sea, Challenger station 192, depth 129 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.5.14.64. •Valid as Aseraggodes kaianus (Günther 1880) -- (Ochiai in Masuda et al. 1984:354 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:192 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:295 [ref. 16193], Munroe in Randall & Lim 2000:645 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1385 [ref. 25182], Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314], Shinohara et al. 2001:336 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1385 [ref. 26193], Park et al. 2007:77 [ref. 29188], Randall & Desoutter-Meniger 2007:311 [ref. 29399], Ohashi & Motomura 2011:104 [ref. 32413], Randall et al. 2013:5 [ref. 32941], Kim et al. 2020:195 [ref. 39118], Tashiro 2022:86 [ref. 39012]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes kaianus (Günther 1880). Soleidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Arafura Sea, Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

kaupi, Solea Berg [C.] 1895:79 [Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires v. 4; ref. 261] Eastern Atlantic [not Montevideo, Uruguay]. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1998-1460. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922] with correction of type locality. Replacement for Solea brasiliensis Kaup 1858, preoccupied by Solea brasilinesis Agassiz 1831. •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25922]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

kleinii, Rhombus Risso [A.] 1827:255 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:346 [ref. 25922]. •Valid as Solea kleini (Risso 1827) -- (Torchio 1973:629 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1319 [ref. 13677]). •Valid as Synaptura kleinii (Risso 1827) -- (Desoutter 1990:1047 [ref. 18967], Desoutter et al. 2001:328 [ref. 25922] but dating to 1810, Golani 2005:63 [ref. 37112], Golani 2021:87 [ref. 38303]). •Valid as Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827) -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:874 [ref. 5665], Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643], Desoutter et al. 2001:346 [ref. 25922], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:155 [ref. 26753], Fricke et al. 2007:116 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:75 [ref. 36649], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3028 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:95 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:195 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Kovačić et al. 2020:29 [ref. 37519], Iglésias et al. 2021:183 [ref. 38818], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:404 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827). Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: Morocco south to Cape of Good Hope (South Africa), then north to KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Habitat: brackish, marine.

klunzingeri, Solea Steindachner [F.] 1880:96 [44], Pl. 9 (fig. 3) [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 42; ref. 14403] Guayaquil, Ecuador. Holotype (unique): NMW 8008. On p. 44 of separate. •Valid as Achirus klunzingeri (Steindachner 1880) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:43 [ref. 37559], Pequeño 1989:76 [ref. 14125], Allen & Robertson 1994:292 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:154 [ref. 23101], Krupp in Fischer et al. 1995:848 [ref. 22829], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:212 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:493 [ref. 24550] as kluzingeri, Nelson et al. 2004:182 [ref. 27807] dating to 1879, Ramos et al. 2009:61 [ref. 30194], Page et al. 2013:188 [ref. 32708] dated 1879, Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:391 [ref. 34894], Page et al. 2023:134 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:246 [ref. 40816], Valenzuela et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40815]). Current status: Valid as Achirus klunzingeri (Steindachner 1880). Achiridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

kobensis, Solea (Achirus) Steindachner [F.] 1896:218 [Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien v. 11; ref. 14618] Kobe, Japan. Holotype (unique): NMW 14318. •Valid as Aseraggodes kobensis (Steindachner 1896) -- (Ochiai in Masuda et al. 1984:354 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:192 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:294 [ref. 16193], Chen et al. 1997:177 [ref. 26476], Munroe in Randall & Lim 2000:645 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1385 [ref. 25182], Shinohara et al. 2001:336 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:1385 [ref. 26193], Randall 2002:252 [ref. 26248], Choi et al. 2003:440, 687 [ref. 26218], Randall 2007:466 [ref. 30952], Ho et al. 2009:12 [ref. 31461], Ohashi & Motomura 2011:104 [ref. 32413], Randall et al. 2013:5 [ref. 32941], Yoshida et al. 2013:218 [ref. 34464], Motomura et al. 2017:222 [ref. 35490], Imamura in Kimura et al. 2018:296 [ref. 36460], Okamoto et al. 2019:992 [ref. 37093], Kim et al. 2020:195 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:123 [ref. 37637], Tashiro 2022:86 [ref. 39012]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes kobensis (Steindachner 1896). Soleidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Laccadives Islands; eastern Malaysia and Gulf of Thailand east to Philippines, north to Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

lascaris, Pleuronectes Risso [A.] 1810:311, Pl. 7 (fig. 32) [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN B-0873 (dry, no skeleton). Type catalog: Bertin 1945:378 [ref. 21554], Desoutter et al. 2001:323 [ref. 25922]. •Valid as Solea lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Torchio 1973:629 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1320 [ref. 13677], Ben-Tuvia 1990:955 [ref. 15614], Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:154 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:63 [ref. 37112]). •Valid as Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:872 [ref. 5665], Desoutter 1990:1044 [ref. 18967], Borsa & Quignard 2001:2301 [ref. 25908], Falcón et al. 2003:146 [ref. 39343], Fricke et al. 2007:116 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:74 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:548 [ref. 33547], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3024 [ref. 34618], Ounifi-Ben Amor et al. 2018:948 [ref. 36368], Martins & Carneiro 2018:87 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:561 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:194 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:103 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:29 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:97 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:87 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:234 [ref. 39448], Niță et al. 2022:117 [ref. 40471]). Current status: Valid as Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: British Isles south to South Africa, including Madeira. Habitat: marine.

lineata, Solea Ramsay [E. P.] 1883:406 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 20899] Port Stephens, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS A.13191. •Described from a damaged juvenile, status uncertain -- (Muchhala & Munroe 2004:57 [ref. 27597], Munroe & Menke 2004:248 [ref. 27772]). •Valid as Soleichthys lineatus (Ramsay 1883) -- (Munroe & Menke 2004:253 [ref. 27772]). •Synonym of Soleichthys heterorhinos (Bleeker 1856) -- (Hoese & Bray 2006:1849 [ref. 29000]). Current status: Synonym of Soleichthys heterorhinos (Bleeker 1856). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

linguatula, Solea (Monochirus) Swainson [W.] 1839:303 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Based on Rondelet 324. Monochirus is masculine, so species probably should have been lingulatus if an adjective. Possibly preoccupied by Monochirus linguatulus Thompson 1839. Soleidae.

liturata, Solea Richardson [J.] 1844:156 [Transactions of the Zoological Society of London v. 3 (art. 5, pt. 2); ref. 20295] No locality [? Tasmania, Australia]. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Ammotretis lituratus (Richardson 1844) -- (Sakamoto 1984:211 [ref. 5273], Kuiter 1993:387 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:854 [ref. 22532], Evseenko 2004:18 [ref. 27606], Hoese & Bray 2006:1833 [ref. 29000], Gomon 2008:812 [ref. 30616]). Current status: Valid as Ammotretis lituratus (Richardson 1844). Rhombosoleidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. Habitat: marine.

lunatus, Pleuronectes Linnaeus [C.] 1758:269 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Bahamas. No types known. Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:69-70 [ref. 20705]. Based on pre-Linnaean Solea lunata Catesby 1725, Pl. 25. Type information: Goode & Bean 1885:197 [ref. 1841]. •Valid as Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gutherz 1967:42 [ref. 23862], Robins & Ray 1986:288 [ref. 23100], Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Cervigón 1992:273 [ref. 23827], Andreata & Séret 1996:589 [ref. 16204], Cervigón 1996:26 [ref. 24489], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:342 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1646 [ref. 25634], Collette et al. 2003:126 [ref. 26784], Munroe 2003:1890 [ref. 27118], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:105 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:68 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:178 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:823 [ref. 28815], Wirtz et al. 2007:41 [ref. 30263], Page et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:85 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Pinheiro et al. 2015:33 [ref. 34324], Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2986 [ref. 34618], Reiner 2019:291 [ref. 38139], Robertson et al. 2020:151 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:76 [ref. 38844], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:391 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:73 [ref. 39585], Fermon et al. 2022:231 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:268 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:132 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus 1758). Bothidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; southern-central Atlantic: Ascension island; eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Guinea, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

macleayana, Solea Ramsay [E. P.] 1881:462 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 18588] Manly Beach, Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. Syntypes: (several) AMS I.16278-001 [ex MAMU F1167] (1). Type catalog: Stanbury 1969:205 [ref. 19518]. •Valid as Aseraggodes macleayanus (Ramsay 1881) -- (Francis 1993:168 [ref. 25479], Johnson 1999:752 [ref. 25471], Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314], Hoese & Bray 2006:1843 [ref. 29000]). •Valid as Synclidopus macleayanus (Ramsay 1881) -- (Randall 2005:193 [ref. 28892], Johnson & Randall 2008:245 [ref. 29797]). Current status: Valid as Synclidopus macleayanus (Ramsay 1881). Soleidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Australia. Habitat: marine.

maculata, Solea Bleeker [P.] (ex Cuvier) 1851:409 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 6831] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Bleeker refers lists Cuvier as author, but we find no species with this name dating to Cuvier. •Synonym of Solea ovata Richardson 1846 -- (Li & Wang 1995:287 [ref. 16193], Vachon et al. 2008:12 [ref. 29607]). Current status: Synonym of Solea ovata Richardson 1846. Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

maculipennis, Monochir Agassiz [L.] in Spix & Agassiz 1831:88, Pl. 49 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Atlantic off Brazil. Syntypes: MHNN 685 (2); ZSM (several, lost). Type catalog: Kottelat 1984:150 [ref. 21784]. Type information: Kottelat 1988:84 [ref. 13380]. Misspelled Monochirus maculipinnis by Kaup 1858. Chabanaud 1940:90 [ref. 13166] selected a BMNH specimen from Cuba as lectotype of "Solea maculipinnis Günther 1862", but the latter was only a new combination for and misspelling of Monochir maculipennis Agassiz 1831, and the 'lectotype' not part of the syntype series. Achiridae. Habitat: marine.

margaritifera, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:468 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Borneo?. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1844.11.17.62. •Synonym of Solea lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Torchio 1973:629 [ref. 6892]). •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Current status: Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

mazatlana, Solea Steindachner [F.] 1869:149 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 6 (no. 19) (for 15 July 1869); ref. 20467] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Syntypes: (several) NMW 8049-51 (3), 8085-86 (2). Species later illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1870:312 [p. 23 of separate], Pl. 5, [ref. 4217]. •Valid as Achirus mazatlanus (Steindachner 1869) -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:61 [ref. 39147], Villa 1982:238 [ref. 36708], Lea et al. 1989:240 [ref. 21534], Allen & Robertson 1994:292 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:154 [ref. 23101], Krupp in Fischer et al. 1995:848 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:49 [ref. 24545], Evseenko 1998:60 [ref. 23643], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:212 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:494 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:182 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:177 [ref. 37547], Miller 2006:402 [ref. 28615], Angulo et al. 2013:1010 [ref. 33194], McMahan et al. 2013:454 [ref. 32422], Page et al. 2013:188 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:391 [ref. 34894], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:93 [ref. 35859], González-Murcia et al. 2019:299 [ref. 36544], Love et al. 2021:221 [ref. 39279], Angulo et al. 2023:43 [ref. 40676], Page et al. 2023:134 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:247 [ref. 40816], Valenzuela et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40815]). Current status: Valid as Achirus mazatlanus (Steindachner 1869). Achiridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of northern Baja California (Mexico) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

mbaoensis, Solea senegalensis var. Pellegrin [J.] 1907:87 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 32 (no. 3/4); ref. 15166] M'bao, between Dakar and Rufisque, Senegal. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1907-0254. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922]. Originally as m'baoensis. Also appeared in Pellegrin 1907:83 [ref. 14411]. •Synonym of Dicologlossa cuneata (Moreau 1881) -- (Desoutter 1990:1039 [ref. 18967] as Dicologoglossa, Desoutter 1994:242 [ref. 22326], Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Dicologlossa cuneata (Moreau 1881). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

melanochira, Solea Moreau [É.] 1874:115, Pl. 15 (figs. A-C) [Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Sér. 3) v. 2; ref. 17791] Arcachon basin, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-6916 (1), 0000-7308 (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:325 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858 -- (Torchio 1973:630 [ref. 6892], Desoutter 1990:1046 [ref. 18967], Ben-Tuvia 1990:953 [ref. 15614], Desoutter et al. 2001:325 [ref. 25922], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:154 [ref. 26753], Vachon et al. 2008:22 [ref. 29607], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3026 [ref. 34618]). Current status: Synonym of Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858. Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

melanosticta, Solea (Achirus) Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1877:845 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1876; ref. 3454] Bougainville Island, depth 40 fathoms. Holotype (unique): ZMB 9814. •Valid as Aseraggodes melanostictus (Peters 1877) -- (Allen 1997:234 [ref. 23977], Myers 1999:279 [ref. 23965], Allen 2000:94 [ref. 37268], Hutchins 2001:47 [ref. 25847], Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314] dated 1876, Randall 2002:252 [ref. 26248], Allen & Adrim 2003:64 [ref. 26830] dated 1876, Myers & Donaldson 2003:649 [ref. 27495] dated 1876, Randall & Bartsch 2005:131 [ref. 28374], Randall 2005:204 [ref. 28892], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:355 [ref. 28867], Hoese & Bray 2006:1844 [ref. 29000], Randall & Allen 2007:111 [ref. 29913], Randall et al. 2013:5 [ref. 32941], Larson et al. 2013:225 [ref. 32988]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes melanostictus (Peters 1877). Soleidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

mentalis, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:475 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Rio Capin [= Capim], Pará State, Brazil. Syntypes: BMNH 1849.11.8.63-64 (2). •Valid as Hypoclinemus mentalis (Günther 1862) -- (Ramos in Reis et al. 2003:668 [ref. 27061], Ramos in Menezes et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27192], Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:189 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:96 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:71 [ref. 35773], Silvano et al. 2020:401 [ref. 38134], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:28 [ref. 39298], Bitencourt et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39848], Lasso et al. in Lasso & Morales-Betancourt 2022:296 [ref. 40783]). Current status: Valid as Hypoclinemus mentalis (Günther 1862). Achiridae. Distribution: Northern South America: Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela and Amazon (Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.

microcephala, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:466 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] New South Wales, Australia. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1855.9.19.1247 (1). •Valid as Aesopia microcephala (Günther 1862) -- (Kuiter 1993:389 [ref. 23929], Kuiter 1997:384 [ref. 25488]). •Valid as Soleichthys microcephalus (Günther 1862) -- (Muchhala & Munroe 2004:57 [ref. 27597], Munroe & Menke 2004:250 [ref. 27772], Hoese & Bray 2006:1850 [ref. 29000], Randall & Munroe 2008:76 [ref. 29862]). Current status: Valid as Soleichthys microcephalus (Günther 1862). Soleidae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

monochir, Solea Bonaparte [C. L.] 1833:fasc. 5, punt. 28, Pl. 103 (fig. 2) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 516] Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: ANSP 8594-96 (3, missing). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:157 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Monochirus hispidus Rafinesque 1814 -- (Torchio 1973:633 [ref. 6892], Desoutter 1990:1043 [ref. 18967], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:153 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:74 [ref. 36649]). Current status: Synonym of Monochirus hispidus Rafinesque 1814. Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

nasutus, Pleuronectes Pallas [P. S.] 1814:425 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Crimea, Ukraine, Black Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:355 [ref. 25922], Voronina & Volkova 2019:281 [ref. 37075] (no types at ZIN). •Synonym of Solea lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Ben-Tuvia 1990:955 [ref. 15614], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:154 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:74 [ref. 36649]). •Synonym of Solea lascaris (Risso 1810), but a valid subspecies nasuta -- (Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:173 [ref. 31251]). •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Borsa & Quignard 2001:2301 [ref. 25908]). •Valid as Solea nasuta (Pallas 1814) -- (Torchio 1973:630 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1321 [ref. 13677], Evseenko 2003:S70 [ref. 28535], Vasil'eva 2007:190 [ref. 30517], Parin et al. 2014:549 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Pegusa nasuta (Pallas 1814) -- (Ali et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36183], Artüz & Fricke 2019:561 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:195 [ref. 37250], Iglésias et al. 2020:302 [ref. 37987] as cf. nasuta, Kovačić et al. 2020:29 [ref. 37519], Abliazov et al. 2021:12 [ref. 38576]). Current status: Valid as Pegusa nasuta (Pallas 1814). Soleidae. Distribution: Northern Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Sea of Azov; northeastern Atlantic: adjacent Portugal. Habitat: brackish, marine.

nattereri, Solea (Achiropsis) Steindachner [F.] 1876:158 [110] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4225] Rio Negro, Brazil. Holotype (unique): NMW 14001. On p. 110 of separate. •Valid as Achiropsis nattereri (Steindachner 1876) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:21 [ref. 9708], Ramos in Reis et al. 2003:667 [ref. 27061], Barriga S. 2012:119 [ref. 35745]). •Valid as Apionichthys nattereri (Steindachner 1876) -- (Ramos 2003:106 [ref. 26762], Ramos in Menezes et al. 2003:107 [ref. 27192], Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:189 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:96 [ref. 35633], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:28 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Apionichthys nattereri (Steindachner 1876). Achiridae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.

nigrostriolata, Solea Steindachner [F.] & Kner [R.] 1870:427 [7], Pl. 1 (fig. 2) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 61 (1. Abth.); ref. 4250] Viti-Levu, Fiji Islands. Syntypes: (2) NMW [ex MGH 5427] On p. 7 of separate. •Synonym of Soleichthys heterorhinos (Bleeker 1856) -- (Li & Wang 1995:289 [ref. 16193]). •Valid as Soleichthys nigrostriolatus (Steindachner & Kner 1870) -- (Muchhala & Munroe 2004:57 [ref. 27597], Munroe & Menke 2004:248 [ref. 27772], Randall & Munroe 2008:76 [ref. 29862]). Current status: Valid as Soleichthys nigrostriolatus (Steindachner & Kner 1870). Soleidae. Distribution: Fiji Islands. Habitat: marine.

oculata, Solea Risso [A.] 1827:248 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] France, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN 0000-3249. •Synonym of Microchirus ocellatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Desoutter 1990:1041 [ref. 18967], Desoutter et al. 2001:325 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Microchirus ocellatus (Linnaeus 1758). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

oculus, Solea Alcock [A. W.] 1889:285, Pl. 18 (fig. 3) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 58 (pt 2, no. 3); ref. 85] About 32 miles southwest of Puri, Orissa coast, Bay of Bengal, Investigator station 38, depth 7 fathoms. Syntypes: BMNH 1890.12.4.8-9 [ex ZSI] (2), ZSI F12429-30 (2). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:159 [ref. 20743], Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:45 [ref. 22148]. •Valid as Heteromycteris oculus (Alcock 1889) -- (Krishnan & Mishra 1993:235 [ref. 24016], Munroe in Randall & Lim 2000:646 [ref. 25122], Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:48 [ref. 27712], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 12 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:596 [ref. 37272], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:397 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Heteromycteris oculus (Alcock 1889). Soleidae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: southwestern India and Sri Lanka east to South China Sea. Habitat: marine.

ommatura, Solea Richardson [J.] 1846:279 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China; coasts of China; Sea of Borneo. Syntypes: Cambridge Philosophical Soc. (2, whereabouts unknown) Type information: Whitehead 1970:218 [ref. 11606]. •Synonym of Zebrias zebra (Bloch 1787) -- (Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:198 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:317 [ref. 16193], Kottelat 2013:466 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Zebrias zebrinus (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Wang et al. 2014:50 [ref. 34516]). Current status: Synonym of Zebrias zebrinus (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ovalis, Solea Richardson [J.] 1846:279 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Coasts of China. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:218, Pl. 10b [ref. 11606]). •Valid as Solea ovalis Richardson 1846 -- (Li & Wang 1995:286 [ref. 16193]). •Synonym of Brachirus orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Li & Wang 1995:305 [ref. 16193], Kottelat 2013:464 [ref. 32989] with question). Current status: Synonym of Brachirus orientalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Soleidae. Distribution: China (if valid). Habitat: marine.

ovata, Solea Richardson [J.] 1846:279 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China; China seas. Syntypes: BMNH 1848.3.16.197-200 (4). •Valid as Solea ovata Richardson 1846 -- (Feng in Pan et al. 1991:530 [ref. 23876], Munroe in Randall & Lim 2000:646 [ref. 25122], Munroe 2001:3887 [ref. 26314], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377], Vachon et al. 2005:318 [ref. 29620], Vachon et al. 2008:12 [ref. 29607], Yoshida et al. 2013:219 [ref. 34464], Imamura in Kimura et al. 2015:94 [ref. 34319], Voronina et al. 2016:399 [ref. 35064], Motomura et al. 2017:225 [ref. 35490], Imamura in Kimura et al. 2018:297 [ref. 36460], Suresh et al. 2018:319 [ref. 36495] misidentified, Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 12 [ref. 38321]). Current status: Valid as Solea ovata Richardson 1846. Soleidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Pakistan east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to northern Vietnam and southern China. Habitat: marine.

panamensis, Solea Steindachner [F.] 1876:58 [10], Pl. 2 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 74 (1. Abth.); ref. 4225] Panama. Holotype (unique): NMW 8023. On p. 10 of separate. •Valid as Achirus panamensis (Steindachner 1876) -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:61 [ref. 39147]). •Synonym of Trinectes fonsecensis (Günther 1862) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:491 [ref. 24550], Duplain et al. 2012:541 [ref. 32201]). Current status: Synonym of Trinectes fonsecensis (Günther 1862). Achiridae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

pegusa, Pleuronectes Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:596, 635 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:345 [ref. 25922]. Spelled peguza on p. 596, pegusa on p. 635. First reviser not researched. Solea pegusa Yarrell 1829 is apparently a new combination. •Synonym of Microchirus ocellatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Torchio 1973:633 [ref. 6892], Desoutter et al. 2001:345 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Microchirus ocellatus (Linnaeus 1758). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

persimilis, Solea Günther [A.] 1909:346 [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 6 (no. 16); ref. 14377] New Britain Island, Bismarck Archipelago. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1880.3.17.8. •Valid as Aseraggodes persimilis (Günther 1909) -- (Munroe 2001:3881 [ref. 26314]). •Synonym of Pardachirus pavoninus (Lacepède 1802) -- (Randall & Johnson 2007:12 [ref. 29291], Kottelat 2013:465 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Pardachirus pavoninus (Lacepède 1802). Soleidae. Distribution: Western central Pacific [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

pilosa, Solea (Monochir) Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1869:709 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1869; ref. 14098] Mazatlán (Sinaloa, Mexico) [Eastern Pacific Ocean]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 7074. •Synonym of Trinectes fonsecensis (Günther 1862). Current status: Synonym of Trinectes fonsecensis (Günther 1862). Achiridae. Habitat: marine.

profundicola, Solea Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:190 [Expéditions scientifiques du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman"; ref. 4496] Portugal, depth 1290 meters. Lectotype: MNHN 1883-0128. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1903.6.29.27 (1, poor condition); MNHN 1883-0126 (1, missing), 1883-0127 (1), 1886-0015 (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:325-326 [ref. 25922] with MNHN 1883-0128 as holotype. Lectotype selected by Eschmeyer 1998:1382 [ref. 23416]; status depends on interpretation of mention of a catalog with the measured specimen; the measured specimen alone is not automatically the holotype when more than one specimen is involved, but it is a measured syntype. •Valid as Bathysolea profundicola (Vaillant 1888) -- (Torchio 1973:630 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1310 [ref. 13677], Desoutter 1990:1038 [ref. 18967], Quéro & Desoutter 1990:109 [ref. 15757], Desoutter & Chapleau 1997:406 [ref. 23363], Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643], Desoutter et al. 2001:325 [ref. 25922], Bañón et al. 2016:325 [ref. 34397], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3009 [ref. 34618], Carneiro et al. 2019:191 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:294 [ref. 38139], Bañón & Maño 2021:97 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:49 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:232 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Bathysolea profundicola (Vaillant 1888). Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Ireland south to Angola, including Madeira, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

quadriocellata, Solea von Bonde [C.] 1922:20, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa Rep. 2 (art. 1); ref. 520] KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, Pickle station 192, depth 30 or 33 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1922.3.27.9. •Synonym of Monochirus ocellatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:871 [ref. 5665]). •Synonym of Microchirus ocellatus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Microchirus ocellatus (Linnaeus 1758). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

ramsaii, Solea Ogilby [J. D.] 1889:70, Pl. 3 (fig. 4) [Memoirs of the Australian Museum, Sydney No. 2 (art. no. 3); ref. 18489] Lord Howe Island. Holotype (unique): AMS I.1951. The correct original spelling is ramsaii -- Ogilby dropped the terminal y and used the spelling ramsaii twice. •Valid as Aseraggodes ramsaii (Ogilby 1889) -- (Randall & Meléndez 1987:104 [ref. 9173] as ramsayi, Francis 1993:168 [ref. 25479] as ramsayi, Randall 2005:209 [ref. 28892], Hoese & Bray 2006:1844 [ref. 29000], Randall & Senou 2007:309 [ref. 29156], Randall et al. 2013:5 [ref. 32941]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes ramsaii (Ogilby 1889). Soleidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Lord Howe Island and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

rhomboide, Solea Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:14, 52 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

rudis, Solea Costa [O. G.] 1847:Pleuronettidae p. 40, Pl. 45 [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Published 18 Nov. 1847. Soleidae.

russellii, Solea Bleeker [P.] 1851:15 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 24 (art. 9); ref. 16875] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: (6) BMNH 1862.6.3.6 (1) Bleeker coll. Based on literature and specimens. Soleidae.

savignyi, Synaptura Kaup [J. J.] 1858:97 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 24 (pt. 1); ref. 2578] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3292 (3), 0000-3312 (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:328 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Solea kleini (Bonaparte 1933, ? = Risso 1827) -- (Torchio 1973:629 [ref. 6892]). •Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:328 [ref. 25922] dated 1810). Current status: Synonym of Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso 1827). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

scalaris, Zebrias Gomon [M. F.] 1987:21 [Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria v. 48 (no. 1); ref. 17667] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS I.16281-001 [ex MAMU F1168]. Replacement name for Synaptura fasciata Macleay 1882, secondarily preoccupied in Zebrias by Solea fasciata Basilewsky 1855. •Valid as Zebrias scalaris Gomon 1987 -- (Kuiter 1993:389 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:864 [ref. 22532], Johnson 1999:753 [ref. 25471], Munroe 2001:3882 [ref. 26314], Hoese & Bray 2006:1852 [ref. 29000], Gomon 2008:820 [ref. 30616]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Zebrias scalaris Gomon 1987. Soleidae. Distribution: Australia: southern Queensland and Victoria. Habitat: marine.

scriba, Solea Valenciennes [A.] 1837:Pl. 18 (fig. 3) [Ichthyologie des îles Canaries v. 2 (pt 2); ref. 4502] Canary Islands. Holotype (1 of 3): MNHN A-8745 (1), A-9826 (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922] with syntypes, but the species dates to the plate in Jan. 1839, so there is a holotype if identifiable; text published in 1843. Eschmeyer et al 1998 dated to the wrong reference. •Synonym of Solea lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Torchio 1973:629 [ref. 6892]). •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter 1990:1044 [ref. 18967], Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae.

scutum, Solea Günther [A.] 1862:474 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Pacific coast of Central America. Syntypes: (orig. 5, "?f" not a type) BMNH 1848.3.18.185-187 (3) Gulf of Fonseca, 1860.6.16.22 (1) Panama. •Valid as Achirus scutum (Günther 1862) -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:61 [ref. 39147], Allen & Robertson 1994:293 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:154 [ref. 23101], Krupp in Fischer et al. 1995:848 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:49 [ref. 24545], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:212 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:495 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:182 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:177 [ref. 37547], Ramos et al. 2009:61 [ref. 30194], McMahan et al. 2013:454 [ref. 32422], Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:391 [ref. 34894], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:93 [ref. 35859], González-Murcia et al. 2019:299 [ref. 36544], Page et al. 2023:134 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:248 [ref. 40816], Valenzuela et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40815]). Current status: Valid as Achirus scutum (Günther 1862). Achiridae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: brackish, marine.

senegalensis, Solea Kaup [J. J.] 1858:94 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 24 (pt. 1); ref. 2578] St. Louis, Senegal [eastern Atlantic]. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-9825. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922]. •Valid as Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858 -- (Torchio 1973:630 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1322 [ref. 13677], Desoutter 1990:1045 [ref. 18967], Ben-Tuvia 1990:953 [ref. 15614], Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643], Borsa & Quignard 2001:2301 [ref. 25908], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:154 [ref. 26753], Falcón et al. 2003:146 [ref. 39343], Vachon et al. 2005:318 [ref. 29620], Vachon et al. 2008:22 [ref. 29607], Golani et al. 2014:319 [ref. 33139], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3026 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:85 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:195 [ref. 37250], Ousselam & Selfati in Stern et al. 2019:437 [ref. 36863], Bañón & Maño 2021:97 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:87 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:234 [ref. 39448] possible). Current status: Valid as Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858. Soleidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay south to Angola, including Madeira. Habitat: marine.

simonensis, Solea von Bonde [C.] 1922:19, Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa Rep. 2 (art. 1); ref. 520] Simonstown, False Bay, South Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1922.3.27.15. •Synonym of Solea bleekeri Boulenger 1898 -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:873 [ref. 5665]). •Synonym of Solea turbynei Gilchrist 1904 -- (Vachon et al. 2005:317 [ref. 29620], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:402 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Synonym of Solea turbynei Gilchrist 1904. Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

sindensis, Solea Jenkins [J. T.] 1910:133 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 5 (pt 2) (art. 12); ref. 14478] Karachi market, Pakistan. Soleidae.

solea, Caranx Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:86 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-6155 [or A-6115]. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:18 [ref. 12247]. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

solea, Pleuronectes Linnaeus [C.] 1758:270 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Charente-Maritime, France [Bay of Biscay, eastern Atlantic]. Neotype: MNHN 2000-5637. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:54 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Neotype then designated by Borsa & Quignard 2001:2298 [ref. 25908] and with the same number by Vachon et al. 2008:20 [ref. 29607]. •Wrongly as a synonym of Solea vulgaris vulgaris Quensel 1806 -- (Torchio 1973:628 [ref. 6892] with question, Desoutter 1990:1046 [ref. 18967]). •Valid as Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Ben-Tuvia 1990:948 [ref. 15614], Desoutter in Lévêque et al. 1992:863 [ref. 21590], Evseenko 1998:61 [ref. 23643], Fricke 1999:53 [ref. 24101], Borsa & Quignard 2001:2301 [ref. 25908], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:154 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:63 [ref. 37112], Vachon et al. 2005:318 [ref. 29620], Fricke 2007:27 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:116 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:192 [ref. 30517], Fricke 2008:57 [ref. 30182], Vachon et al. 2008:20 [ref. 29607], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:74 [ref. 36649], Chanet et al. 2012:582 [ref. 34114], Wirtz et al. 2013:135 [ref. 32972], Parin et al. 2014:549 [ref. 33547], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3027 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:84 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:561 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:195 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:104 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:29 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:97 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:87 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:50 [ref. 39014], El-Bokhty & Mehanna 2023:750 [ref. 40767]). Current status: Valid as Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758). Soleidae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: Norway south to Senegal, including Madeira, Canary Islands and ?Cape Verde Islands. Habitat: brackish, marine.

solea, Pleuronectoides Nardo [G. D.] 1824:233 [Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti. (series 2) v. 7; ref. 3144] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Apparently an overlooked genus and species, not Pleuronectes solea Linnaeus, which Nardo treats on p. 232. Renamed Leptosoma ater in Nardo 1827:32, 39 [ref. 3146]. •Incertae sedis in Pleuronectidae -- (Evseenko 2004:28 [ref. 27606]). Pleuronectidae. Habitat: marine.

stanalandi, Solea Randall [J. E.] & McCarthy [L. J.] 1989:197, Fig. 1 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 36 (no. 2); ref. 14260] Off UPM Beach, Half Moon Bay near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, Persian Gulf. Holotype: BPBM 32806. Paratypes: USNM 300936 (1). •Valid as Solea stanalandi Randall & McCarthy 1989 -- (Randall 1995:361 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:234 [ref. 23922], Vachon et al. 2005:318 [ref. 29620], Vachon et al. 2008:17 [ref. 29607], Ali et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36183], Eagderi et al. 2019:124 [ref. 37020], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:402 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Solea stanalandi Randall & McCarthy 1989. Soleidae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf endemic. Habitat: marine.

stephanica, Solea Chabanaud [P.] 1926:12 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 51 (no. 1); ref. 15581] Lévrier Bay, coast of western Africa. Syntypes: MNHN 1926-0005 to 0008 (1, 1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Microchirus theophila (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter 1990:1042 [ref. 18967]). •Synonym of Microchirus azevia (de Brito Capello 1867) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Microchirus azevia (de Brito Capello 1867). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

synapturoides, Solea Jenkins [J. T.] 1910:28, Pl. 3 (fig. 4) [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 10428] Off Ganjam coast, India, depth 24-30 fathoms. Syntypes: MNHN 1976-0380 (1), ZSI F3430/1 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:159 [ref. 20743], Desoutter et al. 2001:326-327 [ref. 25922]. •Valid as Zebrias synapturoides (Jenkins 1910) -- (Randall 1995:246 [ref. 23283], Randall 1995:362 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:235 [ref. 23922], Munroe 2001:3882 [ref. 26314], Desoutter et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25922], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S123 [ref. 27377], Psomadakis et al. 2015:327 [ref. 34104] as cf. synapturoides, Ali et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36183], Suresh et al. 2018:320 [ref. 36495], Eagderi et al. 2019:125 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 12 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:598 [ref. 37272], Goutham-Bharatri & Dimech 2023:[2] [ref. 40304]). •Valid as Pseudaesopia synapturoides (Jenkins 1910) -- (Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:401 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Pseudaesopia synapturoides (Jenkins 1910). Soleidae. Distribution: Red Sea; northern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf east to India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. Habitat: marine.

textilis, Solea Ramsay [E. P.] & Ogilby [J. D.] 1886:6 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 18604] Gulf of St. Vincent, 10 miles west of Glenelg Jetty, South Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS I.1. •Synonym of Aseraggodes haackeanus (Steindachner 1883) -- (Randall & Meléndez 1987:105 [ref. 9173], Hoese & Bray 2006:1843 [ref. 29000]). Current status: Synonym of Aseraggodes haackeanus (Steindachner 1883). Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

triophthalmus, Solea Bleeker [P.] 1863:27, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Natuurkundige Verhandelingen van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen te Haarlem (Ser. 2) v. 18 (1862); ref. 395] Abraoun, Guinea. Holotype (unique): RMNH 3575. •Valid as Pegusa triophthalma (Bleeker 1863) -- (Desoutter 1986:430 [ref. 6212], Desoutter 1990:1045 [ref. 18967], Desoutter in Lévêque et al. 1992:862 [ref. 21590], Poll & Gosse 1995:79 [ref. 24781] as Pegusia, Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3025 [ref. 34618], Fermon et al. 2022:234 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Pegusa triophthalma (Bleeker 1863). Soleidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania south to Gabon. Habitat: brackish, marine.

tubifera, Solea Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1876:444 [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1876; ref. 18495] Île aux Fouquets, 8 kilometers east of Mahébourg, Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): ZMB 9470. Type locality see Möbius 1880 [ref. 30489]. Correct spelling is apparently tubifer (masculine ending) when in Soleichthys. •Valid as Soleichthys tubifera (Peters 1876) -- (Fricke 1999:574 [ref. 24106] dated 1877, Fricke et al. 2009:115 [ref. 30213] dated 1877). •Valid as Soleichthys tubiferus (Peters 1876) -- (Muchhala & Munroe 2004:57 [ref. 27597], Randall & Munroe 2008:76 [ref. 29862], Voronina et al. 2016:399 [ref. 35064], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:403 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Soleichthys tubiferus (Peters 1876). Soleidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Seychelles, Madagascar, western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius); western Pacific: Vietnam. Habitat: marine.

turbynei, Solea Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1904:10, Pl. 28 [Marine Investigations in South Africa v. 3; ref. 1646] Mossel Bay, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 18 fathoms, and other localities. Syntypes: (numerous) BMNH 1903.12.31.11 (1), SAM 15409 (11). •Synonym of Solea bleekeri Boulenger 1898 -- (Heemstra & Gon 1986:873 [ref. 5665]). •Valid as Solea turbynei Gilchrist 1904 -- (Vachon et al. 2005:315 [ref. 29620], Vachon et al. 2008:18 [ref. 29607], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:402 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Solea turbynei Gilchrist 1904. Soleidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Western Cape, Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) and East Africa (Mozambique, Tanzania). Habitat: brackish, marine.

typica, Solea vulgaris forma Chabanaud [P.] 1927:32 [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 488; ref. 782] Baltic Sea, North Sea, eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, Adriatic Sea. •Synonym of Solea vulgaris Quensel 1806 -- (Torchio 1973:628 [ref. 6892]). •Synonym of Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

umbratilis, Solea Alcock [A. W.] 1894:131 [17], Pl. 7 (fig. 3) [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 63 (pt 2); ref. 90] Bay of Bengal, 21°52'N, 68°06'E. Lectotype: BMNH 1895.1.3.7[ex ZSI F13619]. Paralectotypes: USNM 46759 [ex ZSI F13620] (1); ZSI F13616 (1), F13618 (1), F13624 (1). Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:159 [ref. 20743], Menon and Rama-Rao 1970:378 [ref. 27516] with orignal genus as Soles, Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:45 [ref. 22148]. On p. 17 of separate. Figured in Alcock 1895: Pl. 15 (fig. 4) [ref. 20532]. Lectotype selected by Randall & Gon 2006:189 [ref. 28662]. •Valid as Aseraggodes umbratilis (Alcock 1894) -- (Randall & Gon 2006:188 [ref. 28662], Randall et al. 2013:3 [ref. 32941], Psomadakis et al. 2015:326 [ref. 34104] as cf. umbratilis, Rahangdale et al. 2022:[3] [ref. 38965], Desoutter-Meniger & Chapleau 2022:392 [ref. 40245]). Current status: Valid as Aseraggodes umbratilis (Alcock 1894). Soleidae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: India. Habitat: marine.

uncinata, Solea Klunzinger [C. B.] 1879:260 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 16 (no. 22); ref. 18913] King George Sound, Western Australia. Syntypes: SMNS 2695 (4, not found, probably lost). Type catalog: Fricke 1992:15 [ref. 20296], Fricke 2005:54 [ref. 29864]. Also appeared in Klunzinger 1880:408 [84 of separate] [ref. 2624]. •Synonym of Ammotretis rostratus Günther 1862 -- (Evseenko 2004:19 [ref. 27606], Hoese & Bray 2006:1833 [ref. 29000] dated 1880). Current status: Synonym of Ammotretis rostratus Günther 1862. Rhombosoleidae. Habitat: marine.

variegata, Solea Shen [S.-C.] 1967:200, Figs. 97-101b [Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum (Taipei) v. 20 (nos 1-2); ref. 20549] Ta-Men Island, off Hong Kong. Holotype (unique): NTUM. •Synonym of Solea ovata Richardson 1846 -- (Li & Wang 1995:287 [ref. 16193]). Current status: Synonym of Solea ovata Richardson 1846. Soleidae. Habitat: marine.

variolosa, Solea Kner [R.] 1867:289, Pl. 14 (fig. 1) [Reise der öesterreichischen Fregatte "Novara" v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18426] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Holotype (unique): NMW 85305. Soleidae.

vermeuleni, Solea Metzelaar [J.] 1919:279, Fig. 60 [Report on the fishes; ref. 2982] Cape Blanc [Blanco], [Mauritania/Spanish Sahara], northwestern coast of Africa. Holotype (unique): ZMA 112927. Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:108 [ref. 19236]. •Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810) -- (Desoutter 1990:1044 [ref. 18967]). Current status: Synonym of Pegusa lascaris (Risso 1810). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

vulgaris, Solea Quensel [C.] 1806:54, 230 [Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar, Stockholm v. 27; ref. 3569] North Sea; Baltic Sea. No types known. •Valid as Solea vulgaris Quensel 1806 -- (Herrera 1896:70 [ref. 39336], Torchio 1973:628 [ref. 6892], Quéro et al. in Whitehead et al. 1986:1322 [ref. 13677], Desoutter 1986:431 [ref. 6212], Desoutter 1990:1046 [ref. 18967], Goren & Dor 1994:72 [ref. 25356], Arruda 1997:120 [ref. 24952]). •Synonym of Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Ben-Tuvia 1990:948 [ref. 15614], Desoutter in Lévêque et al. 1992:863 [ref. 21590], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:154 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:63 [ref. 37112], Vachon et al. 2008:21 [ref. 29607], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:74 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:549 [ref. 33547], Desoutter-Meniger & Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3027 [ref. 34618], Bariche & Fricke 2020:104 [ref. 37515]). Current status: Synonym of Solea solea (Linnaeus 1758). Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

vulgaris, Solea Risso [A.] 1827:247 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. If independent, then objectively invalid; preoccupied by Solea vulgaris Quensel 1806. 1°Homonym. Soleidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

zebrina, Solea Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:185, Pl. 95 (fig. 1) [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D1308 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH D1306-07 (2, stuffed), 3580 (3). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:151 [ref. 12876]. •Synonym of Zebrias zebra (Bloch 1787)-- (Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:198 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:317 [ref. 16193], Kottelat 2013:466 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Zebrias zebrinus (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Nakabo 2000:1386 [ref. 25182], Nakabo 2002:1386 [ref. 26193], Ohashi & Motomura 2011:1079 [ref. 32413], Wang et al. 2014:50 [ref. 34516], Jeong in Kimura et al. 2018:298 [ref. 36460], Tashiro 2022:86 [ref. 39012], Murase et al. 2023:43 [ref. 40935]). Current status: Valid as Zebrias zebrinus (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Soleidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: northern Vietnam, southern China and Taiwan north to Japan. Habitat: marine.