Species that contain: Sparisoma and rubripinne [ 8 ] records

axillaris, Scarus (Scarus) Steindachner [F.] 1878:384 [6], Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 77 (1. Abth.); ref. 18774] "Probably coast of North Australia" [Brazil]. Syntypes: (several) NMW 77759 (1). On p. 6 of separate. Type locality is Brazil, see Moura et al. 2001:505 [ref. 25371]. •Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Randall 1990:886 [ref. 19149], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943]). •Valid as Sparisoma axillare (Steindachner 1878) -- (Moura et al. 2001:515 [ref. 25371], Feitoza et al. 2003:69 [ref. 26943], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:93 [ref. 27192], Vaske et al. 2005:78 [ref. 36155] as Sparissoma a., Wirtz et al. 2007:15 [ref. 30263], Robertson et al. 2006:796 [ref. 31512], Pinheiro et al. 2010:64 [ref. 30844], Parenti & Randall 2011:38 [ref. 31299], Rocha et al. 2012:62 [ref. 31733], Pinheiro et al. 2015:26 [ref. 34324], Spier et al. 2018:17 [ref. 36103], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:476 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:214 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Sparisoma axillare (Steindachner 1878). Labridae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Trinidad and Tobago south to Santa Caratina (Brazil), including offshore islands off Brazil and St. Paul's Rocks (Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago). Habitat: marine.

circumnotatus, Scarus Poey [F.] 1861:423 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 14512. Type catalog: Howell Rivero 1938:212 [ref. 22926]. •Possible synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Randall 1990:885 [ref. 19149], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Uncertain as Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

emarginatus, Scarus Poey [F.] 1868:340 [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3505] Havana, Cuba. No types known. •Possible synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Randall 1990:886 [ref. 19149], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Uncertain as Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

pachycephalum, Sparisoma Longley [W. H.] in Longley & Hildebrand 1941:215, Pl. 28 (fig. 2) [Papers Tortugas Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington v. 34 (publ. 535); ref. 18452] Tortugas, Florida, U.S.A. Type: USNM 117097 (1). Proposed as a new name for Sparisoma flavescens (non Bl. & Schn.) of Jordan & Swain, 1884. •Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Randall 1990:886 [ref. 19149], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

rhomaleum, Sparisoma Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1928:754, Pl. 74 (fig. 1) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 249); ref. 2964] Colón market, (Atlantic) Panama. Holotype: USNM 81777. Paratypes: FMNH 8433 (1), USNM 80877 (1). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:80 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Randall 1990:886 [ref. 19149], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

rubripinnis, Scarus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:199 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 14; ref. 4882] San Domingo, West Indies. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Sparisoma choati Rocha, Brito & Robertson 2012 -- (Westneat in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2739 [ref. 34618] from eastern Atlantic). •Valid as Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:211 [ref. 23100], Randall 1990:885 [ref. 19149], Boschung 1992:157 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:396 [ref. 23827], Bellwood 1994:65 [ref. 19116], Cervigón 1994:54 [ref. 24488], Aguilera 1998:52 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:302 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:78 [ref. 25466], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:164 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1646 [ref. 25634] as aff. rubripinne, Rocha & Rosa 2001:991 [ref. 25909] as aff. rubripinne, Westneat 2003:1738 [ref. 27105], Smith et al. 2003:46 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:157 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:543 [ref. 28815], Robertson et al. 2006:796 [ref. 31512], Wirtz et al. 2007:15 [ref. 30263] but eastern Atlantic specimens are a new species, subsequently choati, García-Hernández et al. 2009:93 [ref. 37265], Rocha et al. 2012:61 [ref. 31733], Page et al. 2013:161 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:180 [ref. 32953], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:65 [ref. 33341], Robertson et al. 2016:147 [ref. 34961], Robertson et al. 2020:157 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:82 [ref. 38844], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:71 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:215 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840). Labridae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New York (U.S.A.) and Bermuda south to Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2012): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

spinidens, Scarus Guichenot [A.] 1865:15 [Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Sciences Naturelles de Cherbourg v. 11 (= Ser. 2, v. 1); ref. 13946] Bahia, Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-1763. Type catalog: Bauchot & Guibé 1960:299 [ref. 20736]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Scarus spinidens Quoy & Gaimard 1824. •Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Randall 1990:885 [ref. 19149], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Sparisoma axillare (Steindachner 1878) -- (Moura et al. 2001:515 [ref. 25371], Parenti & Randall 2011:38 [ref. 31299]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Sparisoma axillare (Steindachner 1878). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

truncatus, Scarus Poey [F.] 1868:339 [Repertorio Fisico-Natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3505] Havana, Cuba. No types known. •Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Randall 1990:886 [ref. 19149], Parenti & Randall 2000:61 [ref. 24943]). Current status: Synonym of Sparisoma rubripinne (Valenciennes 1840). Labridae. Habitat: marine.