Species that contain: Squalus and acanthias [ 21 ] records

acanthias, Squalus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:233 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea and northeastern Atlantic [original: "In Oceano Europæo"]; localities include Sweden, Baltic Sea; North Sea; Irish Sea; Marseille, France; Rome and Venice, Italy; Lesbos Island, Greece; Syria, Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: NRM 85 (1 or 2). Possible syntypes: ZMUU Linn. coll. 159 (1), ZMUU Linn. coll. 160 (1, dry). Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:208-209 [ref. 20707]. Originally based at least 31 pre-Linnaean sources including Artedi 1738:66 [ref. 30578], Artedi 1738:102 [ref. 30529] and Artedi 1738:94 [ref. 30349] as Squalus pinna ani nulla; Rondelet 1554:373 [ref. 30354] as Galeus acanthias, Salviani 1558:136, Pl. [ref. 30229] as Mustellus spinax, Charleton 1668:128 [ref. 30580] as Galeus acanthias, Willughby 1686:56 [ref. 30164] and Ray 1713:21 [ref. 30231] as Galeus acanthias sive spinax. Misspelled achantias by Latreille 1804:72 [ref. 17490]. •Valid as Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:23 [ref. 9277], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:146 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:9 [ref. 6441], Menni 1986:425 [ref. 11487], Bass et al. 1986:61 [ref. 5636], Robins & Ray 1986:33 [ref. 23100], Castro-Aguirre & Garcia-Dominguez 1988:103 [ref. 19199], Scott & Scott 1988:35 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Paulin et al. 1989:13 [ref. 24556], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos 1989:6 [ref. 12577], McAllister 1990:33 [ref. 14674], Springer 1990:12 [ref. 19315], Yano in Amaoka et al. 1990:76 [ref. 16024], Compagno et al. 1991:66 [ref. 21083], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:83 [ref. 25472] with authors as Smith & Radcliffe 1912, Gomon et al. 1994:105 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:98 [ref. 23873], Compagno et al. in Fischer et al. 1995:728 [ref. 22829], Yano in Okamura et al. 1995:51 [ref. 22531], López et al. 1996:7 [ref. 23681], Cheng & Zhou 1997:37 [ref. 26385], Murdy et al. 1997:34 [ref. 23144], Santos et al. 1997:118 [ref. 23531], Pshenichnov 1997:713 [ref. 24700], Arruda 1997:21 [ref. 24952], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:7 [ref. 24670], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Nakabo 2000:155 [ref. 25086], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:36 [ref. 25942], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Soto 2001:66, 94 [ref. 26637], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:17 [ref. 26753], Burgess in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:54 [ref. 26158], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:88 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:155 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:60, 478 [ref. 26218], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Compagno 2003:383 [ref. 26984], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27192], Moore et al. 2003:170 [ref. 27076], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Fedorov et al. 2003:13 [ref. 27579], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:102 [ref. 27705], Nelson et al. 2004:49 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:54 [ref. 28072], Duhamel et al. 2005:74 [ref. 32059], Golani 2005:11 [ref. 37112], Love et al. 2005:3 [ref. 37547], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], Duffy & Last 2007:31 [ref. 29127], Duffy & Last 2007:91 [ref. 29132], Fricke 2007:25 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:15 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:18 [ref. 30517], White et al. 2007:106 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29134], White 2008:82 [ref. 30617], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:163 [ref. 31251], George 2009:56 [ref. 30539], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649], Ebert et al. 2010:30 [ref. 30955] with more restricted range, Møller et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31169], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:115 [ref. 31212], Castro 2011:55 [ref. 31457], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708], Shinohara et al. 2014:233 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33547], Goren & Galil 2015:519 [ref. 33910], Duffy & Last 2015:128 [ref. 34221], Dyldin 2015:56 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4, 8, 29 [ref. 34525], Compagno 2016:1159 [ref. 34544], Lee et al. 2016:493 [ref. 34692], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Viana et al. 2017:[3] [ref. 35249], Viana et al. 2017:25 [ref. 35600], Biscoito et al. 2018:488 [ref. 37562], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Spier et al. 2018:4 [ref. 36103], Viana & Carvalho 2018:626 [ref. 36320], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:34 [ref. 36470], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:94 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:38 [ref. 37250], Ehemann et al. 2019:[5] [ref. 36861], Bariche & Fricke 2020:20 [ref. 37515], Kabasakal 2020:42 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37519], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Sonoyama et al. 2020:11 [ref. 37637], Abliazov et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38576], Arroyo Martínez 2021:34 [ref. 38962], Ebert et al. 2021:21 [ref. 38234], Giovos et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38895], Golani 2021:9 [ref. 38303], Kim et al. 2021:38 [ref. 39117], Kovačić et al. 2021:13 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:4 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39527], Dyldin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39193], Ebert 2022:420 [ref. 39657], Fermon et al. 2022:100 [ref. 39448], Niță et al. 2022:137 [ref. 40471], Simian et al. 2022:374 [ref. 40776], Balàka et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40410], Carvalho-Filho 2023:292 [ref. 40480], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40663], Chiaramonte et al. 2023:208 [ref. 40423], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810], Leeney 2024:15 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Distribution: Circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Sea of Japan). Habitat: marine.

africana, Squalus acanthias Myagkov [N. A.] & Kondyurin [V. V.] 1986:564 [5] [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 26 (no. 4); ref. 8063] Southeastern Atlantic, Wolffish Bay region, 28°S, 17°E. Holotype: ZMMU P-15990 (embryo). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:12 [ref. 25714]. On p. 5 of English translation. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies africana -- (Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:224 [ref. 36138]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno et al. 1991:66 [ref. 21083], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). •Possible valid as Squalus africana Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Ebert et al. 2010:23 [ref. 30955]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Distribution: Southern Africa. Habitat: marine.

americanus, Acanthias Storer [D. H.] 1846:506 [Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (new series) v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 18840] New York to beyond Labrador. Syntypes: (several) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

barbouri, Squalus Howell Rivero [L.] 1936:47, Pl. 12 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 41 (no. 4); ref. 12257] Jaimanitas, west of Havana, Cuba, Gulf of Mexico, western Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MCZ 1463-S. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

blainville, Acanthias Risso [A.] 1827:133, 478, Pl. 3 (fig. 6) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Spelled blainvillii in caption to plate (p. 478), and by subsequent authors including Müller & Henle 1839:84 [ref. 3069]. Often spelled blainvillei by current authors, but spelling as blainville is acceptable as a noun in apposition. •Valid as Squalus blainvillei Risso 1827 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:38 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:147 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:115 [ref. 6474], Menni 1986:432 [ref. 11487], Capapé 1987:22 [ref. 39326], Castro-Aguirre & Garcia-Dominguez 1988:103 [ref. 19199], Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125], Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos 1989:6 [ref. 12577], Springer 1990:12 [ref. 19315], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:83 [ref. 25472], Arruda 1997:21 [ref. 24952], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Ebert et al. 2002:355 [ref. 26249], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Golani 2005:12 [ref. 37112] dated 1826, Vasil'eva 2007:19 [ref. 30517], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649], Viana et al. 2016:4, 56 [ref. 34525], Viana et al. 2017:[3, 5] [ref. 35249] as blainvillei and as cf. blainvillei, Viana et al. 2017:19, 25 [ref. 35600] as blainvillei and as cf. blainvillei, Viana & Carvalho 2018:626 [ref. 36320], Carneiro et al. 2019:38 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:18 [ref. 38139] as bainvillei, Kabasakal 2020:44 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:9 [ref. 38303]). •Synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Gomon et al. 1994:108 [ref. 22532], Castro 2011:65 [ref. 31457]). •Status uncertain, similar to and may be senior synonym of S. mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Compagno 2003:385 [ref. 26984]). •Valid but definitely only from the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea -- (Duffy & Last 2007:97-98 [ref. 29132], Parin et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Squalus blainville (Risso 1827) -- (Uyeno & Sasaki in Uyeno et al. 1983:61 [ref. 14275], Nakaya & Shirai in Masuda et al. 1984:10 [ref. 6441], Fricke 1999:27 [ref. 24106], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:18 [ref. 26753], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:103 [ref. 27705] dated 1826, Fricke et al. 2011:346 [ref. 31242], Goren & Galil 2015:520 [ref. 33910], Compagno 2016:1161 [ref. 34544], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Weigmann 2016:66 [ref. 34211], Pfleger et al. 2018:113 [ref. 36011], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:93 [ref. 37302], Bariche & Fricke 2020:20 [ref. 37515], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Ebert et al. 2021:23 [ref. 38234], Giovos et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38895], Kovačić et al. 2021:13 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:4 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39527], Ebert 2022:422 [ref. 39657], Fermon et al. 2022:100 [ref. 39448], Balàka et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40410], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810]). Current status: Valid as Squalus blainville (Risso 1827). Squalidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: France south to Namibia and South Africa; southwestern Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Habitat: brackish, marine.

chilensis, Squalus acanthias Suckow [G. A.] 1799:98 [Naturgeschichte der Thiere v. 4, pt. 1; ref. 18858] Chile. No types known. Unnecessary replacement name for Squalus fernandinus Molina 1782. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

commun, Acanthias Navarrete [A.] 1898:58, Fig. 13 [Manual de ictiología marina; ref. 18474] Figure not seen. Spelled común on p. 148 in original. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

fernandinus, Squalus Molina [J. I.] 1782:229 [Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chile, del Signor Abate Giovanni Ignazio Molina.; ref. 17783] Chile. No types known. •Valid as Squalus fernandinus Molina 1782 -- (Pequeño 1989:12 [ref. 14125]). •Synonym of Squalus blainville (Risso 1827) -- (Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649]). •Synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Castro 2011:65 [ref. 31457]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Compagno 2003:385 [ref. 26984], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Ebert et al. 2010:22 [ref. 30955], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

kirki, Squalus Phillipps [W. J.] 1931:361 [The New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology v. 12 (no. 6); ref. 16325] Cook Strait, Wellington, New Zealand. Syntypes (?): NMV. Non-types: BMNH 1931.8.10.1 (1). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

lebruni, Acanthias Vaillant [L. L.] 1888:13, Pl. 1 (figs. 2-2b) [Mission scientifique du Cap Horn, 1882-83 v. 6 (Zool.) (pt 1) (art. C); ref. 4495] Orange Bay; Punta Arenas, Tierra del Fuego. Holotype: MNHN 1883-0201 or 0202 (?1 of 2, 700-mm male). Paratypes: (6) MNHN 1883-0201 or 0202 (?1 of 2). Type catalog: Bertin 1939:75 [ref. 20739]. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

linnei, Acanthias Malm [A. W.] 1877:624 [ ref. 2881] Sweden, Skagerrak, Northeastern Atlantic. Possible type or Malm specimen: NMW 79091 (1). Original as Linnéi. Unnecessary replacement name for Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

mediterraneus, Spinax Gistel [J.] 1848:103 [Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs; ref. 1822] No types known. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

megalops, Acanthias Macleay [W.] 1881:367 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 6222] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia [Tasman Sea, southwestern Pacific]. Holotype (unique): AMS I.16255-001 [ex MAMU F24]. Type catalog: Stanbury 1969:205 [ref. 19518]. Last et al. 2007:22 [ref. 29125] question the conspecific nature of included populations. Some references to Squalus megalops and Squalus acutipinnis are this species. •Valid as Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Compagno 1984:118 [ref. 6474], Bass et al. 1986:62 [ref. 5636], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Muñoz-Chápuli & Ramos 1989:6 [ref. 12577], Springer 1990:13 [ref. 19315], Compagno et al. 1991:68 [ref. 21083], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:84 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:106 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Compagno & Niem 1998:1230 [ref. 23787], Fricke 1999:27 [ref. 24106], Compagno 1999:472 [ref. 25589], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:581 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:492 [ref. 25191], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Choi et al. 2003:60, 478 [ref. 26218], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S93 [ref. 27377], Baranes 2003:42 [ref. 27888], Randall et al. 2004:5 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:53 [ref. 28072], Shinohara et al. 2005:396 [ref. 28370], Compagno et al. 2005:49 [ref. 29145] as cf. melalops, Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], Last et al. 2007:17 [ref. 29125], Duffy & Last 2007:36 [ref. 29127], White et al. 2007:107 [ref. 29133], White et al. 2007:110, 114 [ref. 29134], White 2008:84 [ref. 30617], Fricke et al. 2009:11 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:346 [ref. 31242], White & Iglésias 2011:2 [ref. 31482], Naylor et al. 2012:58 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Weigmann 2016:68 [ref. 34211], Viana et al. 2016:4, 81 [ref. 34525], Compagno 2016:1162 [ref. 34544], Viana & Carvalho 2016:552 [ref. 34673], Nión et al. 2016:21 [ref. 35565], Viana et al. 2017:[4] [ref. 35249], Freitas et al. 2018:69 [ref. 36259], Kumar et al. 2018:295 [ref. 36178], Pfleger et al. 2018:113 [ref. 36011], Viana & Carvalho 2018:174 [ref. 35959], Carneiro et al. 2019:39 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:18 [ref. 38139], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Kovačić et al. 2021:13 [ref. 39014], Barone et al. 2022:37 [ref. 39527], Fermon et al. 2022:100 [ref. 39448], Fricke et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40338]). Current status: Valid as Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881). Squalidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas, discontinuous: Mediterranean Sea, eastern Atlantic and western Indian Ocean: Cape Verde Islands, South Africa and East Africa to Madagascar and Mascarenes; eastern Indian Ocean: Andaman Islands, southern Australia; southwestern Pacific: southeastern Australia, New Caledonia and Solomon Islands; northwestern Pacific: Vietnam to Korea and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

ponticus, Squalus acanthias Myagkov [N. A.] & Kondyurin [V. V.] 1986:562 [3] [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 26 (no. 4); ref. 8063] Feodoria region, Black Sea. Syntypes: ZMMU P-15983 (104, embryos from one female [now 3 spec.]). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:13 [ref. 25714]. On p. 3 of English translation. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758, but apparently a valid subspecies ponticus Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Ebert et al. 2010:33 [ref. 30955]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 -- (Parin et al. 2014:25 [ref. 33547], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

spinax, Squalus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:233 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Genoa, Italy, Mediterranean Sea [original: "In Europa"]. No types known. Originally based on 4 pre-Linnaean sources including Artedi 1738:67 [ref. 30578] and Artedi 1738:95 [ref. 30349] as Squalus pinna ani carens, naribus in extremo rostro; Willughby 1686:57 [ref. 30164] and Ray 1713:21 [ref. 30231] as Galeus acanthias s. spinax fuscus. •Valid as Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:42 [ref. 7165], McEachran & Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:141 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:85 [ref. 6474], Capapé 1987:22 [ref. 39326], Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:225 [ref. 36138], Fricke & Koch 1990:7 [ref. 15494], Santos et al. 1997:13 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:21 [ref. 24952], Compagno 1999:473 [ref. 25589], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:15 [ref. 26753], Last et al. 2002:203 [ref. 26556], Golani 2005:11 [ref. 37112], Fricke 2007:26 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:16 [ref. 29533], Fricke 2008:10 [ref. 30182], George 2009:55 [ref. 30539], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:10 [ref. 36649], Straube et al. 2011:138 [ref. 31563], Straube et al. 2011:62 [ref. 31679], Parin et al. 2014:27 [ref. 33547], Goren & Galil 2015:511 [ref. 33910], Vásquez et al. 2015:53 [ref. 34111], Dyldin 2015:55 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:62 [ref. 34211], Bañón et al. 2016:298 [ref. 34397], Compagno 2016:1184 [ref. 34544], Biscoito et al. 2018:473 [ref. 37562], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:102 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:31 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:21 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:19 [ref. 37515], Kabasakal 2020:50 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37519], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Zidowitz & George 2020:4 [ref. 38227], Arroyo Martínez 2021:32 [ref. 38962], Giovos et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38895], Golani 2021:8 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:12 [ref. 39014], Bañón & Mano 2022:6 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39527], Fermon et al. 2022:98 [ref. 39448], Balàka et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40410], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810]). Current status: Valid as Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus 1758). Etmopteridae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea; northern North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Iceland and Norway south to Gabon; including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

suckleyi, Spinax (Acanthias) Girard [C. F.] 1855:196 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 18001] Hood Channel, Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A., 47°22'N, 123°05'W, depth 30 meters over bottom of 55 meters. Neotype: CAS 227267. Syntypes lost. Neotype established in Ebert et al. 2010:28, 33 [ref. 30955]. Also spelled sucklii in early literature. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:15 [ref. 25650], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Castro 2011:55 [ref. 31457]). •Valid as Squalus suckleyi (Girard 1855) -- (Ebert et al. 2010:28 [ref. 30955], Page et al. 2013:53 [ref. 32708] dated 1854, Ebert et al. 2013:2874 [ref. 33045] dated 1854, Parin et al. 2014:26 [ref. 33547], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:58 [ref. 34398], Mecklenburg & Steinke 2015:163 [ref. 34033], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Weigmann 2016:66, 68 [ref. 34211], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:18 [ref. 34440], Viana et al. 2016:4 [ref. 34525], Lee et al. 2016:493 [ref. 34692], Kells et al. 2016:74 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35618], Dyldin & Orlov 2018:165 [ref. 35920], Ehemann et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36194], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36370], Burton & Lea 2019:30 [ref. 37205], Kim et al. 2020:41 [ref. 39118], Viana & Carvalho 2020:299 [ref. 37573], Dyldin et al. 2021:16 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:56 [ref. 38158], González-Acosta et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38361], Love et al. 2021:21 [ref. 39279], Dyldin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39193], Page et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Squalus suckleyi (Girard 1855). Squalidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Korea and northern Japan north to Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands; Washington (U.S.A.) south to Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

tasmaniensis, Squalus Howell Rivero [L.] 1936:267, Pl. 10 [Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 8; ref. 18314] Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Holotype (unique): MCZ 146-S. •Synonym of Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 -- (Compagno 1984:121 [ref. 6474] with question, Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442]). •Synonym of Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) -- (Last & Stevens 1994:100 [ref. 23873], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998]). •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (White et al. 2007:112 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9, 31 [ref. 34525]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Acanthias Risso [A.] 1827:131 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea; northeastern Atlantic. No types known. Unnecessary replacement name for Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:37 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Springer 1990:12 [ref. 19315], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:17 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:11 [ref. 37112], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:11 [ref. 36649], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524], Viana et al. 2016:9 [ref. 34525], Ebert et al. 2021:21 [ref. 38234], Russell & van Oijen 2021:437 [ref. 38177], Bañón & Mano 2022:4 [ref. 40121]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Acanthias Bonaparte [C. L.] 1846:15 [Atti della Settima Adunanza degli Scienziati Italiani Sesta Riunione, Milano 7a Adunanza, Napoli, Part 2; ref. 519] Apparently the same as, and preoccupied by Acanthias vulgaris Risso 1827 = Squalius acanthias Linnaeus 1758; objectively invalid. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

wakiyae, Squalus Tanaka [S.] 1918:475, Pl. 130 (figs. 368-370) [Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan v. 27; ref. 14911] Watanoha, Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, depth 225 meters. Syntypes: (3) ZUMT 4684 (1), 4685 (1), 7632 (1, lost). Type catalog: Aizawa et al. 2022:200 [ref. 39648]. The spelling wakiyae is acceptable; early workers almost certainly Latinized the name first, and then added an 'e' (Art. 31.1.1) [WNE, 12 Mar. 2012] -- we suggest using wakiyae when the species is treated as valid. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.

whitleyi, Squalus Phillipps [W. J.] 1931:361 [The New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology v. 12 (no. 6); ref. 16325] Hobson's Bay, Victoria, Australia. No types known. Based on a literature source. •Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 -- (Compagno 1984:111 [ref. 6474], Paxton et al. 1989:37 [ref. 12442], Lloris & Rucabado 1991:27 [ref. 22530], Last & Stevens 1994:99 [ref. 23873], Hoese 2006:155 [ref. 28998], White et al. 2007:113 [ref. 29134], Dyldin 2015:57 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758. Squalidae. Habitat: marine.