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1 November 2000
A CATALOG OF SPHECIDAE OF MADAGASCAR
compiled by
Wojciech J. Pulawski
California Academy of Sciences, 875 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
phone: (415) 321-8313; fax: (415) 321-8640; e-mail: wpulawski@calacademy.org
This catalog is meant to include a complete list of Sphecidae
known to occur in Madagascar, with complete bibliographic references pertaining
to each. Genera and species are listed alphabetically. Data include a reference
to the original descriptions, status of the type specimen, the type locality
and type depository (in parentheses), as well al all subsequent references
and synonyms. Full bibliographic citations can be found at www.calacademy.org
(under Academy Research/Entomology/Bibliography of Sphecidae). Institutions
where type specimens are deposited are abbreviated as follows: BMNH: The Natural History Museum, London, formerly British Museum (Natural
History), Great Britain; As discussed by Arnold (1945:188), the following species
recorded from Madagascar by de Saussure (1892) actually do not occur there: Ammophila laevigata
F. Smith, Bembix olivacea Fabricius, Chlorion
lobatum (Fabricius),
Chlorion splendidum
Fabricius (as Chlorion
forficula de Saussure),
Parapsammophila erythrocephala (Fabricius), Sphex sericeus (Fabricius) (as aurulentus Fabricius), Stizus
ruficornis Fabricius,
and Bembecinus tridentatus
(Fabricius). The occurrence of Chalybion
spinolae (Lepeletier de
Saint Fargeau), also listed by Saussure, was not confirmed by subsequent
authors. LIST OF GENERA AND SPECIES ALYSSON Alysson Panzer, 1806:169. Type species: Pompilus
spinosus Panzer, 1801, designated by Morice and Durrant, 1915:406. Alyson Jurine, 1807:195. Type species: Pompilus spinosus
Panzer, 1801, by monotypy. madecassus Arnold Alysson madecassus Arnold, 1945:50, seyrigi Arnold Alysson seyrigi Arnold, 1945:49, AMMATOMUS Ammatomus A. Costa, 1859:36. Type species:
Gorytes coarctatus Spinola, 1808, by monotypy. biguttatus Arnold Ammatomus biguttatus Arnold, 1945:62, fallax Arnold Ammatomus fallax Arnold, 1945:61, madecassus (von Schulthess) Gorytes madecassus von Schulthess in Friederichs,
1918:48 (Madagascar: Diego Suarez). Nomen nudum. Gorytes madescassus von Schulthess, 1918:99, rubicundus Arnold Ammatomus rubicundus Arnold, 1945:65, seyrigi Arnold Ammatomus seyrigi Arnold, 1945:59, AMMOPHILA Ammophila W. Kirby, 1798:199. Type species:
Sphex sabulosus Linnaeus, 1758, designated by International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1946:571 (Opinion 180). Ammophylus Latreille, 1802b:332. Lapsus or emendation of Ammophila
W. Kirby, 1798. Miscus Jurine, 1807:130, no included species. Type species:
Miscus campestris (Latreille, 1809) [=Ammophila campestris
Latreille, 1809], designataed by Shuckard, 1837:79 (one of the two species
first included in Miscus by Latreille, 1809:54). Ammophilus Latreille, 1829:322. Lapsus or emendation of Ammophila
W. Kirby, 1798. Coloptera Latreille, 1845:387. Type species: Coloptera barbara
Lepeletier, 1845, by monotypy. Argyrammophila Gussakovskij, 1928a:7. Type species: Ammophila
induta Kohl, 1901, by original designation. Apycnemia Leclercq, 1961c:211. Type species: Ammophila fallax
Kohl, 1884 [= Ammophila hungarica Mocsáry, 1883], by original
designation. beniniensis imerinae de Saussure Ammophila imerinae de Saussure, 1892:435, As Ammophila rubiginosa: de Saussure, 1892:435
(Madagascar), corrected to Sphex beninensis by Arnold, 1945:87;
von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Diego Suarez),
present correction. AMMOPLANUS Ammoplanus Giraud, 1869:469. Type species: Ammoplanus
perrisi Giraud, 1869 [? = Ammoplanus wesmaeli Giraud, 1869],
designated by Pate, 1937c:7. Hoplocrabron De Stefani Perez, 1887:60. Type species: Hoplocrabron
marathroicus De-Stefani, 1887, by monotypy. Ammoplanellus Gussakovskij, 1931b:442 (as subgenus of Ammoplanus).
Type species: Ammoplanus chorasmius Gussakovskij, 1931, by original
designation. Raised to genus status by R. Bohart in Bohart and
Menke, 1976:42, and treated as subgenus by Marshakov (1976a, 1979). Ceballosia Giner Marí, 1943c:285, junior homonym of Ceballosia
Mercet, 1921. Type species: Ammoplanus rjabovi Gussakovskij,
1931, by original designation. Parammoplanus Pate, 1939:391. Type species: Ammoplanus
apache Pate, 1937, by original designation. Treated as subgenus
of Ammoplanellus by R. Bohart in Bohart and
Menke, 1976:42. brevicornis Arnold Ammoplanus brevicornis Arnold, 1945:146, claripennis Arnold Ammoplanus claripennis Arnold, 1945:147, egregius Arnold Ammoplanus egregius Arnold, 1945:148, jucundus Arnold Ammoplanus jucundus Arnold, 1945:145, madecassus Kohl Ammoplanus madecassus Kohl, 1909:374, orientalis Arnold Ammoplanus madecassus var. orientalis
Arnold, 1945:148, AMPULEX Ampulex Jurine, 1807:132. Type species: Chlorion
compressum of Latreille and of Fabricius [= Chlorion compressum
(Fabricius, 1804) = Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781, designated
by Audouin, 1822:301. Pronaeus Latreille, 1809:56. Type species: Dryinus aeneus
Fabricius, 1804, designated by Latreille, 1810:438. Lorrhoeum Shuckard, 1837:18. Type species: Chlorion compressum
(Fabricius, 1804) [= Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781], by original
designation and monotypy. Rhinopsis Westwood, 1844:68. Type species: Rhinopsis abbotti
Westwood, 1844 [= Ampulex canaliculata Say, 1823, by monotypy. Waagenia Kriechbaumer, 1874:55. Type species: Waagenia sikkimensis
Kriechbaumer, 1874, by monotypy. Chlorampulex de Saussure, 1892:441. Type species: Sphex
compressus Fabricius, 1781, designated by Pate, 1937c:18. compressa (Fabricius) Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781:445, sex not
indicated (as compressa, incorrect original termination). Holotype
or syntypes: India: Kerala: Malabar (BMNH, Banks coll.). Fabricius,
1787:275, 1793:206. As Chlorion compressum: Fabricius,
1804:219 (new combination, redescription); Gistel, 1848:142 (Bourbon
Island, description); Lucas, 1879:CLIX (prey: Blatta americana).
As Chlorampulex compressa: de Saussure, 1892:443
(in key), 445 (new combination, redescription, Madagascar); Nagy, 1971:103
(s. India, Singapore). As Ampulex compressa: Jurine,
1807:134 (new combination, comparison with Ampulex fasciata);
Spinola, 1841:100 (diagnostic characters); Dahlbom, 1843:29 (redescription),
1845:439 (in key); F. Smith, 1856:268 (listed, wing venation variable),
1858a:99 (Moluccas, Borneo); Motschulsky, 1863:24 (Sri Lanka); Taschenberg,
1869:407 (India); Gerstaecker, 1871:852 (Kenya: Mombasa, Tanzania: Wanga);
Radoszkowski, 1891:580 (male genitalia); Kohl, 1893d:474, 482 (redescribed
in key), 491 (listed, synonymy), 1883e:183 (Zanzibar); Pérez, 1895b:210
(Seychelles Islands, as compressus); Bingham, 1896a:441 (Sri
Lanka: Pundaluoya), 1897:254 (redescription; Oriental Region to Africa);
Dalla Torre, 1897:373 (listed); Bingham, 1902:217 (Pemba Island), 1903a:67
(Pemba Island); Cameron, 1903c:238 (listed); Rothney, 1903:105 (India:
West Bengal: Barrackpore); Ashmead, 1904d:151 (Philippines); Cameron,
1907e:76 (Seychelles Islands); Vachal, 1907:114 and 1908:23 (New Caledonia,
as compressus); Kohl, 1909:369 (Kenya: Mombasa; Tanzania: Pemba
Island); Turner, 1911b:368 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:71 (Réunion
Island: life history); Dutt, 1912:227 (preying on Periplaneta americana,
dragging paralyzed prey); R. Turner, 1919b:238 (New Caledonia); Arnold,
1928a:221 (revision); Williams, 1942:221 (life history); Giner Marí,
1945c:850 (India: Maharashtra: Bandra); Van Zwaluwenburg, 1950:14 (new
to Molokai, Hawaii); Leclercq, 1954b:150 (Mauritius, Zanzibar, Ethiopia:
Daghabur), 1961d:101 (Saussure's records from Madagascar are doubtful);
van der Vecht, 1961a:11 (study of type); Guiglia, 1964:309 (southern
Arabia); Begum and Bose, 1976:26 (Bangladesh: Dakka); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:77 (listed); Leclercq, 1976b:201 (St. Helena Island), 202
(Madagascar); Krombein, 1979a:6 (Sri Lanka, revision); Casolari and
Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens in M. Spinola collection); Piek,
Visser, and Veenendaal, 1984:195 (hunting and ovipositing, effects of
sting on prey behavior); Wu and Chou, 1985:154 (in key); Begum, Bose,
and Howlander, 1989:127 life history in Bangladesh); Leclercq, 1990b:114
(Madagascan records questionable); Begum, Khan, and Bose, 1995:174 (Bangladesh:
Dhaka University Campus); Wu and Zhou, 1996:22 (revision in Economic
Insect Fauna of China); Wcislo, 1998:181 (proportions of antennae in
relations to parasitic/non-parasitic behavior); Libersat, Haspel, Casagrand,
and Fouad, 1999:333 (the sting of prey’s subesophageal ganglion
blocks fast motoneurons); Weisel-Eichler, Haspel, and Libersat, 1999:957 (sting induces prolonged
grooming in prey). Ampulex sinensis de Saussure, 1867:43, Chlorampulex striolata de Saussure, 1892:446,
ASTATA Astata Latreille, 1796:xiii. Emendation of Astatus
Latreille, 1796:114. Astatus Latreille, 1796:114 (no species included). Type species:
Tiphia abdominalis Panzer, 1798 [= Sphex boops Schrank,
1781], designated by Latreille, 1802b:337 (first included species).
See also International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1943a,
Opinion 139. Dimorpha Panzer, 1806:26. Type species: Tiphia abdominalis
Panzer, 1798 [= Sphex boops Schrank, 1781], by monotypy. blanda de Saussure Astatus blandus de Saussure, 1892:519, minax Arnold Astata minax Arnold, 1945:43, ruficaudata hova Arnold Astata ruficaudata hova Arnold, 1945:46, rufofemorata Arnold Astata rufofemorata Arnold, 1945:44, BEMBECINUS Bembecinus A. Costa, 1859:4. Type species: Bembecinus
meridionalis A. Costa, 1859, by monotypy. Stizomorphus A. Costa, 1959:7. Type species: Vespa tridens
Fabricius, 1781, by monotypy. Gorystizus Minkiewicz, 1934:252. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Gorystizus Pate, 1937c:29. Type species: Vespa tridens
Fabricius, 1781, by original designation. Validation of Gorystizus
Minkiewicz, 1934. Lavia Rayment, 1953:23. Nomen nudum. assentator (Arnold) Stizus assentator Arnold, 1945:72, brooksi R. Bohart Bembecinus brooksi R. Bohart, 1997a:172, hirtiusculus (Arnold) Stizus hirtiusculus Arnold, 1945:74, mirus (Arnold) Stizus mirus Arnold, 1945:69, rectilateralis (Arnold) Stizus rectilateralis Arnold, 1945:75, spinicornis (de Saussure) Stizolarra spinicornis de Saussure, 1887:9, Stizus varians Arnold, 1945:73, wenzeli R. Bohart Bembecinus wenzeli R. Bohart, 1997a:176, BEMBIX Variant but improper spellings: Bembex and Bembyx
(transfer from Bembex to Bembix does not require parentheses
for the author: Article 51.3) Bembix Fabricius, 1775: Characteres Generum, p. [= xxiii],
no included species. Type species: Bembex rostrata of Fabricius,
1781 [= Apis rostrata Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille,
1810:438 (one of three species included in Bembyx by Fabricius,
1775:361). Morice and Durrant (1915:400) gave the first type species
designation for the spelling of Bembix: Apis rostrata
Linnaeus, 1757. Bembyx Fabricius, 1775:361. Lapsus for Bembix Fabricius,
1775. Bembex Fabricius, 1776:122. Emendation of Bembix Fabricius,
1775. Apobembex Pate, 1937c:9. Type species: Bembex oculata
of Latreille, 1805 [= Bembex oculata Panzer, 1801], by original
designation. Epibembex Pate, 1937c:26. Type species: Apis rostrata
Linnaeus, 1758, by original designation. hova de Saussure Bembex hova de Saussure, 1892:457, As Bembex madecassa: Handlirsch, 1893:734, latebrosa Kohl Bembex latebrosa Kohl, 1909:373, madecassa de Saussure Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1890: pl. 11, fig. 2, Bembix militaris de Saussure, 1890: pl. 11, figs. 3, Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1891:260, Bembex militaris de Saussure, 1891:260, Bembix militaris de Saussure, 1892:459, Bembex crinita de Saussure, 1891:260, As Bembex hova: de Saussure, 1892:458 ( CARINOSTIGMUS Carinostigmus Tsuneki, 1954a:3. Types species:
Stigmus congruus Walker, 1860, by original designation. Perissostigmus Krombein, 1984c:18, as subgenus of Carinostigmus.
Type species: Carinostigmus bucheilus Krombein, by original designation
and monotypy. nubilipennis (Arnold) Stigmus nubilipennis Arnold, 1945:149, tenellus (Arnold) Stigmus tenellus Arnold, 1945:151, CERCERIS Cerceris Latreille, 1802b:367. Type species:
Philanthus ornatus Fabricius, 1790 [= Sphex rybyensis
Linnaeus, 1771], designated by Latreille, 1810:438. Nectanebus Spinola, 1839:489. Type species: Nectanebus fischeri
Spinola, 1839, secondary homomym of Cerceris fischeri Spinola,
1839 [= Nectanebus histerisnicus Spinola, 1839], designated by
Pate, 1937c:42 (said to be by original designation). Synonymized with
Cerceris Latreille, 1802, by R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:55. Diamma Dahlbom, 1844:225. Type species: Diamma spinolae
Dahlbom, 1844 [= Cerceris binodis Spinola, 1841], by monotypy.
Junior homonym of Diamma Westwood, 1835. Didesmus Dahlbom, 1845:502 Replacement name for Diamma
Dahlbom, 1844. Apiraptrix Shestakov, 1923:101. Type species: Cerceris rybyensis
(Linnaeus, 1771) [= Sphex rybyensis Linnaeus, 1771], by original
designation. Apiratryx Balthasar, 1972:387 and 397 (lapsus). Paracerceris Brèthes, 1913b:127. Type species: Paracerceris
tridentifera Brèthes, 1913 [= Cerceris pollens Schletterer,
1887, by monotypy. Apicerceris Minkiewicz, 1934:253. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Bucerceris Minkiewicz, 1934:253. Type species: Cerceris
bupresticida Dufour, 1841, by monotypy. Stercobata Gussakovskij, 1935:445. Type species: Cerceris
bupresticida Dufour, 1841, by monotypy. Apicerceris Pate, 1937c:8. Type species: Sphex rybyensis
Linnaeus, 1771, by original designation. Validation of Apicerceris
Minkiewicz, 1934. aemula
Arnold Cerceris aemula Arnold, 1945:37, aemuloides
Leclercq Cerceris aemuloides Leclercq, 1962b:209, argentifrons Guérin-Méneville Cerceris argentifrons Guérin-Méneville, 1844:445, [ Cerceris albotegulata Arnold, 1945:40, beharensis Leclercq Cerceris beharensis Leclercq, 1967b:63, clypearis de Saussure Cerceris clypearis de Saussure, 1887:25, dentiventris Arnold Cerceris dentiventris Arnold, 1945:35, duchesnei Arnold Cerceris duchesnei Arnold, 1945:31, formidolosa de Saussure Cerceris formidolosa de Saussure, 1891:261, gallienii Arnold Cerceris gallienii Arnold, 1945:32, Cerceris augagneuri Arnold, 1945:34, ssp. bekiliensis
Arnold Cerceris Gallienii var. bekiliensis Arnold, 1945:34,
hildebrandti
de Saussure Cerceris hildebrandti de Saussure, 1891:261, lateridentata
Arnold Cerceris lateridentata Arnold, 1945:26, nenicra
de Saussure Cerceris nenicra de Saussure, 1887:25, Cerceris perfoveata Arnold, 1947:167, paleata
de Saussure Cerceris paleata de Saussure, 1891:262, Cerceris carnaria de Saussure, 1892:545, perfida
de Saussure Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1890:pl. 19 fig. 10, Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1891:262, Cerceris spinifrons de Saussure, 1891:262,
petiolata de Saussure Cerceris petiolata de Saussure, 1891:261, Cerceris petiolata de Saussure, 1892:555,
rasoherinae Arnold Cerceris rasoherinae Arnold, 1945:29, Cerceris rasoherinae var. debilis Arnold, 1945:30, seyrigi Arnold Cerceris seyrigi Arnold, 1945:27, spirans de Saussure Cerceris spirans de Saussure, 1892:553,
xanthostigma Arnold Cerceris xanthostigma Arnold, 1945:39, CHALYBION Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843:21. Type species:
"Chalybion caeruleum" [= Sphex caeruleus of Linnaeus, 1767:941
= Sphex caeruleus Linnaeus, 1763 (nec Sphex caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758)
= Sphex cyaneus Fabricius, 1775 (nec Sphex cyaneus Linnaeus, 1758) =
Pelopeus (sic) californicus de Saussure, 1867], designated by Patton,
1880a:378. Chalybium Agassiz, 1846:77. Emendation
of Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843. Chalybium W. Schulz, 1906:192. Emendation
of Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843, homonym of Chalybium Agassiz, 1846. Hemichalybion Kohl, 1918:79. Type species:
Pelopoeus eckloni Dahlbom, 1845, designated by Pate, 1937c:30. bonneti Leclercq Chalybion bonneti Leclercq, 1966:55,
madecassum (Gribodo) Pelopoeus madecassus Gribodo, 1883a:263,
As Sceliphron violaceum: de Saussure,
1892:449 (Madagascar), corrected to Sceliphron madecassum by
Kohl, 1906a:193; Friederichs, 1918:33, 42 (life history) and von Schulthess
in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Antananarivo, Diego Suarez),
corrected to Chalybion madecassum by Hensen, 1988:27; Vesey-Fitzgerald,
1950:75 (new to Seychelles Islands), corrected to Chalybion madecassum
by Hensen, 1988:27. Sceliphron purpurascens Pérez, 1895:211,
As Sceliphron bengalense: Cameron,
1907:76 (Seychelles Islands), corrected to Sceliphron madecassum
by R. Turner, 1911b:369. CHLORION Chlorion Latreille, 1802b:333. Type species:
Sphex lobatus Fabricius, 1775, by monotypy. Chlorium W. Schulz, 1906:193. Emendation of Chlorion
Latreille, 1802. maxillosum ciliatum (Fabricius) Sphex ciliatus Fabricius, 1787:275, sex not indicated (as ciliata,
incorrect original termination). Holotype: Sphex xanthoceros Illiger, 1801:193,: Sierra Leone.
Synonymized with Chlorion ciliatum by van der Vecht, 1961a:36.
Strand, 1916b:102 (Angola: Benguela; original description copied
and discussed). As Sphex xanthocerus: Kohl, 1890:183
(revision), 1883e:183 (Tanzania: Bagamoyo); Bingham, 1902:215 (Malawi);
Brauns, 1911a:118 (South Africa: Orange Free State); Morice, 1911:74
(Algeria: Bône); Bischoff, 1912:221 (Zaire: Kivu: N shore of Lake Kivu);
Mantero, 1915:324 (Libya); Gennerich, 1922:41 (morphology); Berland,
1925c:154 (Angola), 1926b:164 (miscellaneous locality records); Schouteden,
1930:95 (Zaire); Valdeyron-Fabre, 1952:107 (prey: Brachytrypes megacephalus
Lepeletier), 1955:152 (preying behavior); Berland, 1956:1162 (in revision
of African Sphecini). As Chlorion xanthocerum: Arnold,
1928c:347 (revision), 1943:77 (Zaire). As Chlorion xanthoceros:
Leclercq, 1955h:40 (bibliographic references, variation), 43 (locality
records), 1955i:405 (Rwanda), 1961b:47 (Zaire, as xanthoceros xanthoceros). Chlorion mandibulare Fabricius, 1804:218, Pepsis maxillaris Palisot de Beauvois, 1805:plate 1.
As Pronaeus maxillaris: Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:331
(revision); F. Smith, 1856:239 (listed); Radoszkowski, 1881:211 (Angola);
Magretti, 1884b:579 (Sudan: Bahr el Salaam); Bradley, 1957:43 (Lepeletier's
specimens in Turin); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens
in M. Spinola collection). As Sphex maxillaris:
Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire). As Sphex xanthocerus var.
maxillaris: Kohl, 1883e:183 (Mozambique); W. Fox, 1896e:551
(Ethiopia: the Haud tribal area); Bischoff, 1912:221 (border of Zaire
and Uganda); Berland, 1952b:275 (boundary of Ivory Coast, Guinea, and
Liberia: Mt. Nimba), 1956:1163 (in revision of African Sphecini). As
Chlorion maxillaris: Gribodo, 1894:137 (Mozambique: Magnarra
River). As Chlorion xanthocerum var. maxillaris:
Arnold, 1928c:348 (revision); Scott in Arnold, 1933a:370 (Ethiopia:
Harar District and Buno, as maxillare); Guiglia, 1940b:287 (Somalia).
As Chlorion xanthocerus maxillaris: Arnold, 1943:78
(Zaire); de Beaumont, 1962b:32 (redescription). As Chlorion
xanthoceros maxillare: Leclercq, 1955h:43 (locality records),
1961b:48 (Zaire). Chlorion varipenne Reiche and Fairmaire, 1850:451, sex not
indicated. Holotype or syntypes: Ethiopia: no specific locality (MNHN?).
Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. F. Smith,
1856:246 (listed). Pronaeus instabilis F. Smith, 1856:240, Pronaeus affinis F. Smith, 1856:240, Chlorion fulvipes Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:510, Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:511,
Chlorion fulvipes Gerstaecker, 1862:482, Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker, 1862:482. Objective synonym
of Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker, 1858. Chlorion zonatum de Saussure, 1867:36, Sphex mandibularis var. unicolor de Saussure,
1867:37, sex not indicated. Holotype or syntypes: Mozambique (NHMW).
Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. –
As Chlorion xanthocerum var. unicolor: Arnold,
1928c:348 (revision). As Chlorion xanthocerum unicolor:
Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire). As Sphex unicolor: Schouteden,
1930:95 (Zaire). As Chlorion xanthoceros unicolor:
Leclercq, 1955h:42 (locality records). ? Sphex cyanescens Radoszkowski, 1881:209, Chlorion columbianum Gribodo, 1883a:262, Sphex massaicus Cameron, 1908a:262, Sphex levilabris Cameron, 1910:137, Sphex xanthoceros var. kigonseranus Strand, 1916:102,
CROSSOCERUS (Pericrabro is excluded) Crossocerus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and
Brullé, 1835:763. Type species: Crabro scutatus Fabricius, 1787
[= Sphex palmipes Linnaeus, 1767], designated by Westwood, 1839:80. Blepharipus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:728.
Type species: Blepharipus nigritus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau
and Brullé, 1835, designated by Ashmead, 1899d:215. Westwood's (1939:80)
designataion of Crabro dimidiatus Fabricius, 1781, as type species
of Blepharipus is invalid since this species was only questionably
included in the taxon by Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé (1835:731). Cuphopterus A. Morawitz, 1866:252. Type species: Crabro
subulatus Dahlbom, 1845, by monotypy, = Blepharipus of authors
accepting Westwood's type species designation. Coelocrabro Thomson, 1874:262. Type species: Crabro pubescens
Shuckard, 1837 [= Blepharipus nigritus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau
and Brullé, 1835], designated by Richards, 1935a:166. Hoplocrabro Thomson, 1874:262. Type species: Crabro quadrimaculatus
Fabricius, , 1793, by monotypy. Microcrabro de Saussure, 1892:574. Type species: Crabro
micromegas de Saussure, 1892, by monotypy. Dolichocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:216. Type species: Dolichocrabro
wickhami Ashmead, 1899, by original designation. Epicrossocerus Ashmead, 1899d:215. Type species: Crabro
insolens W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Stenocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:216. Type species: Crabro planipes
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Synorhopalum Ashmead, 1899d:218. Type species: Crabro decorus
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Ischnolynthus Holmberg, 1903:472. Type species: Ischnolynthus
foveolatus Holmberg, 1903 [= Crabro elongatulus Vander Linden,
1892], by monotypy. Ablepharipus Perkins, 1913b:390. Type species: Ablepharipus
podagricus (Vander Linden, 1829) [= Crabro podagricus Vander
Linden, 1829, by monotypy. Acanthocrabro Perkins, 1913b:391. Type species: Acanthocrabro
vagabundus (Panzer, 1798) [= Crabro vagabundus Panzer , 1798],
by monotypy, = Blepharipus of Leclercq, 1954. Apocrabro Pate, 1944a:282. Type species: Crossocerus aeta
Pate, 1944, by original designation. Nothocrabro Pate, 1944a:314. Type species: Crabro nitidiventris
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Stictoptila Pate, 1944a:315. Type species: Crabro confertus
W. Fox, 1895 [= Crabro maculipennis F. Smith, 1856], by original
designation. Yuchiba Pate, 1944a:272. Type species: Crossocerus xanthochilos
Pate, 1944, by original designation. Ainocrabro Tsuneki, 1954b:74. Type species: Crossocerus
aino (Tsuneki, 1947) [= Crabro aino Tsuneki, 19947], by original
designation. Oxycrabro Leclercq, 1961h:74. Type species: Crabro acanthophorus
Kohl, 1892, by original designation. Paroxycrabro Leclercq, 1963:2. Type species: Crossocerus
sotirus Leclercq, 1963, by original designation and monotypy. Alicrabro Tsuneki, 1968g:7. Type species: Crossocerus rufiventris
Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and monotypy. Apoides Tsuneki, 1968g: 5. Type species: Crossocerus alticola
Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and monotypy. Neoblepharipus Leclercq, 1968c:98. Type species: Crossocerus
potosusLeclercq, 1968, by original designation. Towada Tsuneki, 1970f:1. Type species: Crossocerus leclercqi
Tsuneki, 1959 [= Crabro flavitarsus Tsuneki, 1947], by original
designation and monotypy. Bnunius Tsuneki, 1971a:15. Type species: Crossocerus domicola
Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation. Fentis Tsuneki, 1971a:13. Type species: Crossocerus quinquedentatus
Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation and monotypy. Ornicrabro Leclercq, 1973c:291. Type species: Crossocerus
flavissimus Leclercq, 1973, by original designation and monotypy. Corenocrabro Tsuneki, 1974a:374. Type species: Corenocrabro
ectemiformis Tsuneki, 1974, by original designation and monotypy.
Synonymized with Crossocerus by Marshakov, 1979a:96 and by Nemkov
in Nemkov, Kazenas, Budrys, and Antropov, 1995:428 (as new synonym). Thao Tsuneki, 1982e:33, as subgenus of Crossocerus.
Type species: Crossocerus nitidicorpus Tsuneki, 1968, by original
designation and monotypy. Orthocrabro Tsuneki, 1990a:87, as subgenus of Crossocerus.
Type species: Crossocerus hirashimai Tsuneki, 1966, by original
designation and monotypy. Yambal Tsuneki, 1990a:90, as subgenus of Crossocerus.
Type species: Crossocerus minor Tsuneki, 1990, by original designation
and monotypy. Corenocrabro Tsuneki, 1991:202, junior homonym of Corenocrabro
Tsuneki, 1974. Not available: nomen nudum and type not designated (Article
13b). brunniventris bekiliensis (Arnold) Crabro brunniventris race bekiliensis Arnold, 1945:180,
hirtitibia (Arnold) Crabro hirtitibia Arnold, 1945:179, micromegas (de Saussure) Crabro micromegas de Saussure, 1892:575, DASYPROCTUS Dasyproctus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and
Brullé, 1835:801. Type species: Dasyproctus bipunctatus Lepeletier
de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835, by monotypy. Megapodium Dahlbom, 1844:295. Type species: Megapodium westermanni
Dahlbom, 1844, , designated by Pate, 1937c:37. Megalopodium W. Schulz, 1906:202. Emendation of Megapodium
Dahlbom, 1844. Bishamon Tsuneki, 1983h:17, as subgenus of Dasyproctus.
Type species: Dasyproctus guadalensis Tsuneki, 1983, by original
designation and monotypy. crudelis (de Saussure) Crabro crudelis de Saussure, 1892:579, ferox (de Saussure) Crabro ferox de Saussure, 1892:580, Crabro immanis de Saussure, 1892:581, lambertoni Leclercq Dasyproctus lambertoni Leclercq, 1958a:63, saevus (de Saussure) Crabro saevus de Saussure, 1892:579, Thyreopus stevensoni Arnold, 1926:369, Crabro stevensonianus Arnold, 1940:135 (as Stevensonianus,
incorrect original capitalization). Replacement name for Thyreopus
stevensoni Arnold, 1926:369. As Dasyproctus stevensonianus:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (as synonym of Dasyproctus stevensoni);
Dollfuss, 1990a:122 (Central African Republic, as stephensonianus). Crabro stevensonianus occidentalis Arnold, 1951:164, saussurei (Kohl) Crabro saussurei Kohl, 1894:282, Crabro infrarugosus Arnold, 1945:173, DAYCATINCA Daycatinca Argaman, 1985:7. Type species: Heterogyna
fantsilotra Day, 1984, by original designation. Daya Antropov and Gorbatovskiy, 1992:58 (as subgenus of Heterogyna).
Type species: Heterogyna madecassa Day, 1984, by original designation. Key: Argaman, 1985:10 fantsilotra (Day) Heterogyna fantsilotra Day, 1984:306, madecassa (Day) Heterogyna madecassa Day, 1984:305, ravenala (Day) Heterogyna ravenala Day, 1984:306, DOLICHURUS Dolichurus Latreille, 1809:387. Type species:
Pompilus corniculus Spinola, 1808, designated by Latreille, 1810:438. Thyreosphex Ashmead, 1904:282. Type species: Thyreosphex
stantoni Ashmead, 1904, by monotypy. secundus de Saussure Dolichurus secundus de Saussure, 1892:450, Dolichurus tertius de Saussure, 1892:452, ECTEMNIUS Ectemnius Dahlbom, 1845:389. Type species: "E.
guttatus, Dahlb." [= Crabro guttatus of Dahlbom, 1845
= Crabro guttatus Vander Linden, 1829], designated by Ashmead,
1899d:172. Clytochrysus A. Morawitz, 1864:453. Type species: Crabro
chrysostomus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835 [= Crabro
lapidarius Panzer, 1804], designated by Richards, 1935a:168. Thyreocerus A. Costa, 1871:65. Type species: Crabro crassicornis
Spinola, 1808, by monotypy. Mesocrabro C. Verhoeff, 1892:70. Type species: Crabro guttatus
Vander Linden, 1829, designated by Pate, 1937c:38. Hypocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:168. Type species: Crabro decemmaculatus
Say, 1823, by original designation. Nesocrabro R. Perkins, 1899:25. Type species: Crabro rubrocaudatus
Blackburn, 1887, designated by Pate, 1937c:42. Pseudocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro chrysarginus
of Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845 [= Crabro chrysargyrus Lepeletier
de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835 = Crabro decemmaculatus Say,
1823], by original designation. Xestocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro sexmaculatus
Say, 1823 [= Crabro continuus Fabricius, 1804], by original designation. Xylocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro stirpicola
Packard, 1866, by original designation. Metacrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro kollari
Dahlbom, 1845 [= Crabro lituratus Panzer, 1804, by original designation. Protothyreopus Ashmead, 1899d:170. Type species: Crabro
rufifemur Packard, 1866, by original designation. Oreocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:146. Type species: Crabro abnormis
Blackkburn, 1886, by original designation. Hylocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:147. Type species: Crabro tumidoventris
R. Perkins, 1899, by original designation. Melanocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:147. Type species: Crabro
curtipes R. Perkins, 1899, by original designation. Xenocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:148. Type species: Crabro unicolor
F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Lophocrabro Rohwer, 1916b:667. Type species: Crabro singularis
F. Smith, 1856 [= Vespa maculosa Gmelin, 1790], by original designation. Merospis Pate, 1941c:121. Type species: Ectemnius cyanauges
Pate, 1941, by original designation and monotypy. Cameronitus Leclercq, 1950b:14. Type species: Ectemnius
menyllus (Cameron,1905) [= Crabro menyllus Cameron, 1905,
by original designation and monotypy. Protectemnius Leclercq, 1951j:105. Type species: Crabro
tabanicida Fischer, 1929, by original designation and monotypy. Yanonius Tsuneki, 1956e:129. Type species: Crabro martjanowi
F. Morawitz, 1892, by original designation and monotypy. Policrabro Leclercq, 1958c:106. Type species: Crossocerus
krusemani Leclercq, 1950, by original designation. Iwataia Tsuneki, 1959e:8. Type species: Crabro furuichii
Iwata, 1934, by original designation and monotypy. Leocrabro Leclercq, 1968e:300. Type species: Ectemnius leonesus
Leclercq, 1968, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with
Protectemnius Leclercq, 1951:105 by Leclercq, 1991b:26. Ceratocrabro Tsuneki, 1970f:1. Type species: Ectemnius shimoyamai
Tsuneki, 1958, by original designation and monotypy. Papuacrabro Tsuneki, 1983h:22, as subgenus of Ectemnius.
Type species: Ectemnius papuanus Tsuneki, 1983, by original designation
and monotypy. Metactemnius Tsuneki, 1984b:34, as subgenus of Ectemnius.
Type species: Ectemnius apo Tsuneki, 1984, by original designation
and monotypy. Spadicocrabro Tsuneki, 1990b:100. Type species: Crabro nitobei
Matsumura, 1912, by original designation and monotypy. Established as
genus, treated as a subgenus of Ectemnius by Leclercq, 1999:9. praeclarus (Arnold) Crabro praeclarus Arnold, 1945:181, Dasyproctus sakalavus Leclercq, 1967b:68, seyrigi (Arnold) Crabro seyrigi Arnold, 1945:183, slateri nigrescens (Arnold) Crabro slateri nigrescens Arnold, 1945:183,
ENTOMOGNATHUS Entomognathus Dahlbom, 1844:295. Type species:
Crabro revis Vander Linden, 1829, by monotypy. Koxinga Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Entomognathus siraiyae
Pate, 1944, by original designation and monotypy. Mashona Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Thyreopus apiformis
Arnold, 1926, by original designation and monotypy. Toncahua Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Entomognathus texanus
Cresson, 1887, by original designation and monotypy. Florkinus Leclercq, 1956b:2. Type species: Florkinus evolutionis
Leclercq, 1956, by original designation and monotypy. Bihargnathus Leclercq, 1977a:452, as subgenus of Entomognathus.
Type species: Encopognathus itinerus Leclercq, 1977, by original
designation. arnoldi Bohart and Menke Crabro tridens Arnold, 1945:165, Entomognathus arnoldi Bohart and Menke, 1976:382. Replacement
name for Crabro tridens Arnold. diversicornis (Arnold) Crabro diversicornis Arnold, 1945:168, faunus (Arnold) Crabro faunus Arnold, 1945:166, midas (Arnold) Crabro midas Arnold, 1945:161, mimicus (Arnold) Crabro mimicus Arnold, 1945:163, ruficaudatus (Arnold) Crabro ruficaudatus Arnold, 1945:164, GASTROSERICUS Gastrosericus Spinola, 1839:480. Type species:
Gastrosericus waltlii Spinola, 1839, by monotypy. As Gasterosericus
(unjustified emendation or misspelling): Dahlbom, 1845:467; Brauns,
1906:49, 51, 52. Eparmatostethus Kohl, 1907:167. Type species: Eparmatostethus
madecassus Kohl, 1907, by monotypy. Synonymized with Gastrosericus
by Arnold, 1927:116. As Eparmostethus (misspelling): Pate, 1937:26,
Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. Paralellopsis Maidl, 1914b:147. Type species: Paralellopsis
africana Maidl, 1914 [= Gastrosericus neavei Turner, 1913],
by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Gastrosericus
by Arnold, 1922:114. As Parallelopsis (misspelling): Turner,
1916:258; Pate, 1937:47. Dinetomorpha Gussakovskij, 1931:451. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Gastrargyron Gussakovskij, 1931:451. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Dinetomorpha Pate, 1937:22, Article 13a (ii) (as Dinetomorpha
Gussakovskij, 1931, a subgenus of Gastrosericus). Type species:
Gastrosericus flavicornis Gussakovskij, 1931 [= Gastrosericus
electus Nurse, 1903], designated by Pate, 1937:22. Validation of
Gussaskovskij's (1931:451) name. Synonymized with Gastrosericus
by Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. Gastrargyron Pate, 1937:28, Article 13a (ii) (as Gastrargyron
Gussakovskij, 1931, a subgenus of Gastrosericus). Type species:
Gastrosericus marginalis Gussakovskij, 1931, designated
by Pate, 1937:22. Validation of Gussaskovskij's (1931:451) name. Synonymized
with Gastrosericus by Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. madecassus (Kohl) Eparmatostethus madecassus Kohl, 1907:169, zoyphion Pulawski Gastrosericus zoyphion Pulawski, 1995b:169,
HARPACTUS Arpactus Jurine, 1807:192, junior homonym of
Arpactus Panzer, 1805, and of Arpactus Panzer, 1806. Type
species: Arpactus formosus Jurine, 1807, designated by Shuckard,
1837:220. Harpactus Shuckard, 1837:221. Emendation of Arpactus
Jurine, 107. As noted by Pulawski (1985:59), Shuckard emended Arpactus
on linguistic grounds, thus creating an available new name, with its
own date and author (Articles 19 and 33.2). Since Harpactus is
an emendation, it has the same type-species as Arpactus Jurine
(Article 67.8). Harpactes Dahlbom, 1843:147, junior homonym of Harpactes
Swainson, 1837 (Aves), and of Harpactes Templeton, 1834 (Arachnida).
Emendation of Harpactus Shuckard. Dienoplus W. Fox, 1894a:548. Type species: Dienoplus pictifrons
W. Fox, 1894, by monotypy. histrio (de Saussure) Harpactes histrio de Saussure, 1892:530, HOLOTACHYSPHEX Holotachysphex de Beaumont, 1940:179. Type species:
Tachysphex holognathus Morice, 1897, by monotypy. Phytosphex Arnold, 1951:153. Type species: Tachysphex turneri
Arnold, 1923, by original designation. Haplognatha Gussakovskij, 1952:248. Type species: Haplognatha
prosopigastroides Gussakovskij, 1952, by original designation and
monotypy. sacalava (Arnold) Tachysphex turneri sacalava Arnold, 1945:106,
HOPLISOIDES Hoplisoides Gribodo, 1884d:276. Type species:
Hoplisoides intricans Gribodo, 1884, by monotypy. Icuma Cameron, 1905b:21. Type species: Icuma sericea
Cameron, 1905, by monotypy [= Gorytes vespoides F. Smith, 1873].
Synonymized with Hoplisoides by R. Bohart in Bohart and
Menke, 1976:53 bipustulatus (Arnold) Gorytes bipustulatus Arnold, 1945:55, HOVANYSSON Hovanysson Arnold, 1945:52. Type species: Brachystegus
camelus Arnold, by original designation. albibarbis (Arnold) Nysson albibarbis Arnold, 1945:51, camelus (Arnold) Brachystegus camelus Arnold, 1945:53, ISODONTIA Isodontia Patton, 1880a:380. Type species: Isodontia
philadelphica (Lepeletier, 1845) [= Sphex philadelphicus
Lepeletier, 1845], by original designation. Leontosphex Arnold, 1945:90. Type species: Sphex leoninus
de Saussure, 1890, by original designation. Murrayella R. Bohart and Menke, 1963:137. Type species: Sphex
elegans F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. leonina (de Saussure) Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890: pl. 19, fig. 6, Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1891:259, Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1892:431, LARRA Larra Fabricius, 1793:220. Type species: Larra
ichneumoniformis Fabricius, 1793 [= Sphex anathema Rossi,
1790], designated by Latreille, 1810:438. Larrana Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation or new name for Larra
Fabricius, 1793. Lara Drapiez, 1819:54. Lapsus or emendation of Larra
Fabricius, 1793. [Lara LeConte, 1852, is a junior homonym] Monomatium Shuckard, 1840:181, no included species. Type species:
Larraxena princeps F. Smith, 1851, designated by Pate, 1935:246
(first included species). Lyrops Dahlbom, 1843:132, junior homonym of Lyrops Illiger,
1807. Type species: Tachytes paganus Dahlbom, 1843, by monotypy.
Larraxena F. Smith, 1851:30. Type species: Larraxena princeps
F. Smith, 1851, by monotypy. Larrada F. Smith, 1856:273. Type species: Larrada anathema
(Rossi, 1790) [= Sphex anathema Rossi, 1790], by original designation. Cratolarra Cameron, 1900a:34. Type species: Cratolarra femorata
Cameron, 1900, secondary homonym of Larra femorata (de Saussure,
1854), by monotypy. Treated as subgenus of Larra by Menke in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:42. betsilea de Saussure Larra betsilea de Saussure, 1887:17, heydenii (de Saussure) Notogonia heydenii de Saussure, 1890:pl.12, fig. 18, Notogonia heidenii de Saussure, 1891:261(as Heydenii,
incorrect original capitalization). Objective synonym of Larra heydenii
de Saussure, 1890. Larra heydenii de Saussure, 1892:494, madecassa de Saussure Larra madecassa de Saussure, 1887:17, saussurei Kohl Larra prismatica de Saussure, 1887:17, Larra saussurei Kohl, 1892:219, variipes de Saussure Larra carbonaria de Saussure, 1892:491, Larra variipes de Saussure, 1892:493, Larra carbunculus Dalla Torre, 1897. Replacement
name for Larra carbonaria de Saussure, 1892. – Arnold, 1945:116
(Madagascar; redescription, as valid species); Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar),
1961d:112 (Madagascar). LIRIS Liris Fabricius, 1804:227. Type species: Sphex
auratus Fabricius, 1787, designated by Patton, 1880b:386. Lirisis Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation or replacement name
for Liris Fabricius, 1804. Notogonia A. Costa, 1867b:82, junior homonym of Notogonia
Perty, 1850 (Crustacea). Type species: Tachytes niger of Vander
Linden, 1829 [= Larra nigra of Latreille, 1805 = Pompilus
niger of Panzer, 1799 = Sphex niger Fabricius, 1775], by
monotypy. Motes Kohl, 1897a:351. Type species: "Notogonia odontophora
Kohl, 1892" [= Larra odontophora Kohl, 1894], designated
by Pate, 1837c:41. Caenolarra Cameron, 1900a:28. Type species: Caenolarra appendiculata
Cameron, 1900 [= Spanolarra rufitarsis Cameron, 1900], secondary
homonym of Liris appendiculatus (Taschenberg, 1870) by monotypy. Leptolarra Cameron, 1900a:29. Type species: Leptolarra reticulata
Cameron, 1900, secondary homonym of Liris reticulatus (de Saussure,
1892) [= Leptolara reticuloides Richards, 1935 = Liris nigricans
reticuloides (Richards)], designated by Richards, 1935a:164. Spanolarra Cameron, 1900a:32. Type species: Spanolarra rufitarsis
Cameron, 1900, by monotypy. Notogonius Howard, 1901:pl. 6, fig. 1 (June). Lapsus for Notogonia
A. Costa. Bohart and Menke (1976:43) write the following: There are
numerous spelling errors in Howard's book, and we regard Notogonius
as a lapsus for Notogonia Costa. This wiev was also shared by
G.E. Bohart (1951:954) who nevertheless recognized Notogonius nigripennis
(W. Fox) as type species, an unnecessary action. The specimen figured
by Howard is in the U.S. National Museum and is Liris argentatus
(Palisot de Beauvois), not nigripennis. Chrysolarra Cameron, 1901b:118 (Aug.). Type species: Chrysolarra
appendiculata Cameron, 1901, secondary homonym of Liris appendiculatus
(Taschenberg, 1870), designated by Pate, 1837c:18. Notogonidea Rohwer, 1911d:234. Replacement name for Notogonia
A. Costa, 1867. Dociliris Tsuneki, 1967b:26, as subgenus of Liris. Type
species: Larrada subtessellata F. Smith, 1856, by original designation.
Synonymized with Leptolarra Cameron, 1900, by Menke in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. Nigliris Tsuneki, 1967b:27, as subgenus of Liris. Type
species: Notogonia japonica Kohl, 1885 [= Liris festinans
japonicus (Kohl), by original designation. Synonymized with Leptolarra
by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:43. Colloliris Tsuneki, 1974b:612, as subgenus of Liris.
Type species: Notogonidea negrosensis F. Williams, 1928, by original
designantion and monotypy. Synonymized with Leptolarra by Menke
in Bohart and Menke, 1976:629. Pitaliris Tsuneki, 1982e:26, as subgenus of Liris. Type
species: Cratolarra pitamawa Rohwer, 1916, original designation. alaris (de Saussure) Notogonia alaris de Saussure, 1892:503, antaka (de Saussure) Notogonia antaka de Saussure, 1890: pl.19, fig. 7, Notogonia ancara de Saussure, 1891:260, Notogonia antaca de Saussure, 1892:505, avellanipes (de Saussure) Notogonia avellanipes de Saussure, 1890: pl. 19, fig. 8. Holotype:
Notogonia avellanipes de Saussure, 1891:261, brunnipennis Arnold Liris brunnipennis Arnold, 1945:130, cowani (W.F. Kirby) Larrada cowani W.F. Kirby, 1883:200, sex not indicated (as
Cowani, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar:
no specific locality (BMNH). – As Liris cowani: R.
Turner, 1916b:249 (new combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed). Liris jocositarsa de Saussure, 1887:18, Liris pedestris de Saussure, 1892:517, crepitans Leclercq Liris crepitans Leclercq, 1967b:65, cubitalis (de Saussure) Notogonia cubitalis de Saussure, 1887:17, dejectus Arnold Liris dejecta Arnold, 1945:129, dyscheirus (de Saussure) Notogonia dyscheira de Saussure, 1892:510, ganahlii (Dalla Torre) Notogonia rufipes de Saussure, 1892:511, Larra ganahlii Dalla Torre, 1897:511 (as Ganahlii, incorrect
original capitalization). Replacement name for Larra rufipes
(de Saussure, 1892), secondary homonym of Larra rufipes (F. Smith,
1858). As Liris ganahlii: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245
(listed). gracilicornis (Arnold) Notogonidea gracilicornis Arnold, 1923b:250, incertus Arnold Liris incerta Arnold, 1945:127, keiseri (Leclercq) Motes keiseri Leclercq, 1961d:114. Holotype: memnonius coloripes Arnold Motes radialis coloripes Arnold, 1940:123, sex not indicated.
Syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality (SAM). As Motes
setigera coloripes: Leclercq, 1961d:115 (Madagascar). As
Liris setigera coloripes: Arnold, 1945:129 (Madagascar: Behara,
redescription); Leclercq, 1961d:115 (Madagascar). As Liris
memnonia coloripes: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:246 (listed). minimus (Arnold) Notogonidea minima Arnold, 1923b:249, nigricans (Walker) Larrada nigricans Walker, 1871:21, Notogonia argyropyga A. Costa, 1875:16, Notogonia sculpturata Kohl, 1892:221, Notogonia reticulata de Saussure, 1892:512, Larra jugurthae Gribodo, 1894b:22, Larra palumbula Kohl, 1894:304, Notogonia mahensis Cameron, 1907e:78, Notogonia punctipleura Cameron, 1908a:285, radialis (de Saussure) Notogonia radialis de Saussure, 1887:17, Notogonia radamae de Saussure, 1891:260, As Notogonidea sepulchralis: Arnold, 1923b:244 (revision),
corrected to Notogonidea radialis by Arnold, 1929c:394. sabrinus (Leclercq) Motes sabrina Leclercq, 1961d:114, scabriusculus Arnold Liris scabriuscula Arnold, 1945:131, sepulchralis hova Arnold Liris sepulchralis hova Arnold, 1945:132, solstitialis (F. Smith) Larrada solstitialis F. Smith, 1856:283, Notogonia femoralis de Saussure, 1887:17, Notogonia cnemophila Cameron, 1908a:288, utopicus (Leclercq) Motes utopica Leclercq, 1961d:116, voeltzkowii (Kohl) Notogonia voeltzkowii Kohl, 1909:372, xanthopterus Arnold Liris xanthoptera Arnold, 1945:121, LYRODA Lyroda Say, 1837:372. Type species: Lyroda
subita Say: 1837, designated by Patton, 1880b:386. Morphota F. Smith, 1856:293. Type species: Morphota fasciata
F. Smith, 1856, designated by Pate, 1837c:41. Odontolarra Cameron, 1900a:35. Type species: Odontolarra
rufiventris Cameron, 1900 [= Morphota formosa F. Smith, 1859],
by monotypy. Lyrodon Howard, 1901:pl. 6, fig. 5. Lapsus for
Lyroda Say, 1837. Junior homonym of Lyrodon Goldfuss,
1837. madecassa Arnold Lyroda madecassa Arnold, 1945:91, MISCOPHUS Miscophus Jurine, 1807:206. Type species: Miscophus
bicolor Jurine, 1807, by monotypy. Nitelopterus Ashmead, 1897a:22. Type species: Nitelopterus
slossonae Ashmead, 1897, by monotypy. Hypomiscophus Cockerell, 1898:321. Type species: Miscophus
arenarum Cockerell, 1898, by original designation. Miscophinus Ashmead, 1898:187. Type species: Miscophus laticeps
Ashmead, 1898, by original designation. maculipes Arnold Miscophus maculipes Arnold, 1945:136, seyrigi Arnold Miscophus Seyrigi Arnold, 1945:135, sordidatus Arnold Miscophus sordidatus Arnold, 1945:137, NEODASYPROCTUS Neodasyproctus Arnold, 1926:373. Type species:
Thyreopus kohli Arnold, 1926, by monotypy. densepunctatus (Arnold) Crabro densepunctatus Arnold, 1945:174, Neodasyproctus ferrierei Leclercq, 1951h:333, didynus Leclercq Neodasyproctus didynus Leclercq, 1999b:157, eburneopictus (Arnold) Crabro eburneopictus Arnold, 1945:175, isalonus Leclercq Neodasyproctus isalonus Leclercq, 1999b:158, protensus (Arnold) Crabro protensus Arnold, 1945:178, remanus Leclercq Neodasyproctus remanus Leclercq, 1999b:159, striolatus (Arnold) Crabro striolatus Arnold, 1945:176, OXYBELUS Oxybelus Latreille, 1796:129, no included species.
Type species: Crabro uniglumis of Fabricius, 1775 [= Vespa
uniglumis Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille, 1802b:343 (first
included species). Notoglossa Dahlbom, 1845:514. Type species: Notoglossa sagittaria
Dahlbom, 1845 [= Oxybelus lamellatus Olivier, 1811], by monotypy. Alepidaspis A. Costa, 1882b:35. Type species: Alepidaspis
diphyllus A. Costa, 1882, by monotypy. Anoxybelus Kohl, 1924:274. Type species: Oxybelus maidli
Kohl, 1924, by monotypy. Gonioxybelus Minkiewicz, 1934:251. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13.3). Orthoxybelus Minkiewicz, 1934:251. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13.3). Gonioxybelus Pate, 1937c:28. Type species: Oxybelus nigripes
Olivier, 1811 [= Apis trispinosa Fabricius, 1787], by original
designation. Orthoxybelus Pate, 1937c:28. Type species: Vespa uniglumis
Linnaeus, 1758, by original designation. Euoxybelus Noskiewicz and Chudoba, 1950:300. Not available:
type species not designated (Article 13.3). Latroxybelus Noskiewicz and Chudoba, 1950:300. Type species:
Oxybelus latro Olivier, 1811, by monotypy. cristatus de Saussure Oxybelus cristatus de Saussure, 1892:559, perornatus Arnold Oxybelus perornatus Arnold, 1945:186, subcristatus de Saussure Oxybelus subcristatus de Saussure, 1892:561, PARAPIAGETIA Parapiagetia Kohl, 1897a:373. Type species:
Piagetia odontostoma Kohl, 1884, by original designation. Lirosphex Brèthes, 1913b:150. Type species: Tachysphex subpetiolatus
Brèthes, by original designation. Synonymized with Parapiagetia
Kohl, 1896 by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:44. Psammosphex Gussakovskij, 1952:246. Type species: Tachysphex
genicularis F. Morawitz, 1890, by original designation. longicornis Arnold Parapiagetia longicornis Arnold, 1945:93, pluridentata Arnold Parapiagetia pluridentata Arnold, 1945:94, PERICRABRO Pericrabro Leclercq, 1954c:219. Type species:
Thyreopus sociabilis Arnold, 1932, by original designation and
monotypy. Established as subgenus of Crossocerus, raised to genus
by Leclercq, 2000b. sociabilis (Arnold) Thyreopus sociabilis Arnold, 1932:27, PHILANTHUS Philanthus Fabricius, 1790:224. Type species:
Philanthus coronatus Fabricius, 1790 [= Sphex coronatus
Thunberg, 1784], designated by Shuckard, 1837:246. Symblephilus Panzer, 1806:171. Type species: Philanthus
pictus Panzer, 1797 [= Vespa triangulum Fabricius, 1775],
designated by Pate, 1937c:62. Simblephilus Jurine, 1807:185. Type species: Vespa triangulum
Fabricius, 1775, designated by Morice and Durrant, 1915:402. Cheilopogonus Westwood, 1834:441. Type species: Cheilopogonus
punctiger Westwood, 1834 [= Vespa gibbosa Fabricius, 1775],
by monotypy. Philianthus Guérin-Méneville, 1835:pl. 71, fig 8. Lapsus for
Philanthus Fabricius, 1790. Anthophilus Dahlbom, 1844:190. Type species: Philanthus
politus Say, 1824, designated by Ashmead, 1899d:294. Chilopogon Kohl, 1897a:329. Emendation of Cheilopogonus
Westwood, 1834. Ephiphilanthus Ashmead, 1899d:294. Type species: Philanthus
solivagus Say, 1837, by original designation. Pseudophilanthus Ashmead, 1899d:294. Type species: Philanthus
ventilabris Fabricius, 1798, by original designation. Oclocletes Banks, 1913b:423. Type species: Philanthus sanbornii
Cresson, 1865, by original designation. Ococletes Mickel, 1916a:407. Lapsus or emendation of Oclocletes
Banks, 1913. bimacula de Saussure Philanthus bimacula de Saussure, 1891:261, Philanthus immitis de Saussure, 1892:537, madagascariensis
Brethès Philanthus petiolatus de Saussure, 1892:538, Philanthus madagascariensis Brèthes, 1910:277. Replacement
name for Philanthus petiolatus de Saussure, 1892 (incorrectly
referred to as published in de Saussure, 1891). – R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:565 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar). Philanthus ranavalonae Arnold, 1945:16 (as Ranavalonae
, incorrect original capitalization). Unnecessary replacement name for
Philanthus petiolatus de Saussure, 1892. – Arnold, 1945:16
(redescription); Madagascar); Leclercq, 1962b:209 (Madagascar, variation). radamae Arnold Philanthus radamae Arnold, 1945:17, triangulum (Fabricius) Vespa ruspatrix Linnaeus, 1767:951, sex not indicated. Holotype:
Vespa triangulum Fabricius, 1775:373, sex not indicated. Holotype:
Vespa fasciata Fourcroy, 1785:433. Sphex maculatus Christ, 1791:287. Vespa limbata Olivier, 1792. Synonymized with Philanthus
triangulum by Kohl, 1891:365 (or an earlier author?). Crabro androgynus Rossi, 1792:138. Synonymized with Philanthus
apivorus by Spinola, 1806:96. – Curtis, 1829:pl.273 (illustration);
Guérin-Méneville, 1835:pl. 71, Fig. 8 (illustrations of various morphological
details), 1844:442 (explanations of his 1835 figure, androgynus
is a junior synonym of triangulum). Philanthus pictus Panzer, 1797. Synonymized with Philanthus
apivorus by Spinola, 1806:96. – Fabricius, 1804:302 (redescription);
Thunberg, 1815b:289 (diagnostic characters), 295 (redescription). Philanthus discolor Panzer, 1799. Synonymized with Philanthus
triangulum by Kohl, 1891:365 (or an earlier author?). – von
Siebold, 1839:53 (Germany: Danzig, now Poland: Gdansk). Philanthus apivorus Latreille, 1799:50, sex not indicated.
Syntypes: Paris area (lost). Synonymized with Philanthus triangulum
by Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:34 – Spinola, 1806:95 (Italy:
Liguria); de Saussure, 1854:8 (belongs to a section with sessile gaster);
Dusmet y Alonso, 1906:7 (Spain); Ferton, 1910:15t5 (sand closure of
nest cell); Dusmet y Alonso, 1915:87 (Spain: Aragón); Lhéritier, 1946:28
(Morocco: Marrakech; life history); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:122
(specimens in M. Spinola collection). Philanthus allionii Dahlbom, 1845:495, ssp. abdelcader Lepeletier Philanthus abdelcader Lepeletier, 1845:33, ssp. bimaculatus Magretti Philanthus triangulum var. bimaculatus Magretti, 1908:188,
ssp. diadema (Fabricius) Crabro diadema Fabricius, 1781:471, sex not indicated. Holotype
or syntypes: South Africa: Cape of the Good Hope (BMNH, Banks coll.).
– Fabricius, 1787:297 (redescription), 1790:225 (redescription).
– As Philanthus diadema: Fabricius, 1793:289 (new
combination, redescription), 1804:302 (redescription); Thunberg, 1815a:127
(diagnostic characters), 129 (redescription), 1815b:287 (diagnostic
characters); F. Smith, 1856:471 (listed); Radoszkowski, 1876b:137 (Egypt);
Gribodo, 1884:8 (Egypt); de Saussure, 1892:534 (Madagascar); W. Schulz,
1911b:170 (Gribodo's specimen from Somalia is Philanthus triangulum);
Schouteden, 1930:93 (Zaire); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:122
(specimens in M. Spinola collection). – As Philanthus triangulum
var. diadema: Taschenberg, 1875:404 (Egypt); Gribodo, 1894:129
(Mozambique: Magnarra River), 1895:351 (Mozambique); Bingham, 1902:212
(South Africa, Malawi); Cameron, 1908a:269 (Tanzania: Mt. Kilimanjaro
and Mt. Meru), 1910:145 (South Africa: Transvaal); Bischoff, 1912:225
(Zaire: Kassenge at Lake Edward); Arnold, 1925:144 (revision); Scott
in Arnold, 1933a:369 (Ethiopia: Harar District); Bischoff, 1933:5
(Morocco); Giordani Soika, 1939c:101 (Eritrea: Asmara: Adi Caie); Guiglia,
1938:8 (Italy: Sardegna); Guiglia, 1940b:287 (Somalia); Leclercq, 1955i:408
(Burundi). – As Philanthus triangulum diadema: van
der Vecht, 1961a:61 (discussion of type material); de Beaumont, 1967b:505
(South Africa: Natal); Bonelli, 1976:228 (nesting behavior); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:566 (listed); S. Gess, 1996:280 (floral records); Rodgers
and Homewood, 1982:233 (Tanzania: Usambara Mountains). Philanthus frontalis Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:509,
Philanthus frontalis Gerstaecker, 1862:473, Philanthus transversus Cameron, 1910:147, ssp. obliteratus Pic Philanthus obliteratus Pic, 1917. – As
Philanthus triangulum obliteratus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566
(listed). PISON Pison Jurine in Spinola, 1808:255. Type
species: Pison jurini Spinola, 1808 [recte jurinei, =
Alyson ater Spinola, 1808], by monotypy. Tachybulus Latreille, 1809:75. Type species: Tachybulus
niger Latreille, 1809 [= Alysson ater Spinola, 1808], by
monotypy. Nephridia Brullé, 1833b:408. Type species: Nephridia xanthopus
Brullé, 1833, by monotypy. Pisonitus Shuckard, 1838:79. Type species: Pison argentatum
Shuckard, 1838, designated by Pate, 1937c:51. Pisum Agassiz, 1846:293, junior homonym of Pisum Megerle,
1811. Unjustified emendation of Pison Jurine, 1808. Pisonoides F. Smith, 1858:104 (authorship attributed to Shuckard,
as subgenus of Pison). Type species: Pison obliteratum
F. Smith, 1858, by monotypy. Parapison F. Smith, 1869a:298. Type species: Pisonoides
obliteratum F. Smith, 1858, designated by Pate, 1837c:47. Pseudonysson Radoszkowski, 1876a:104. Type species: Pseudonysson
fasciatus Radoszkowski, 1876, by monotypy. Taranga W.F. Kirby, 1883:201. Type species: Taranga dubia
W.F. Kirby, 1883 [= Pison spinolae Shuckard, 1838]. Paraceramius Radoszkowski, 1887c:432, junior homonym of Paraceramius
de Saussure, 1854. Type species: Paraceramius koreensis Radoszkowski,
1887, by monotypy. Pisum W. Schulz, 1906:212, junior homonym of Pisum Megerle,
1811 and Pisum Agassiz, 1846. Unjustified emendation of Pison
Jurine, 1808. Krombeiniellum Richards, 1962:118. Replacement name for Paraceramaius
Radoszkowski, 1887. Entomopison Menke, 1968a:5. Type species: Pison pilosum
F. Smith, by original designation. argentatum Shuckard Pison argentatum Shuckard, 1838:79, Pison fuscipalpe Cameron, 1901a:27, Pisonitus argenteus Ashmead, 1904d:131, humile Arnold Pison humile Arnold, 1945:5, lobiferum Arnold Pison lobiferum Arnold, 1945:6, mimicum Arnold Pison mimicum Arnold, 1945:4, seyrigi Arnold Pison seyrigi Arnold, 1945:3, PODALONIA Podalonia Spinola, 1853:53. Suppressed by International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1968:88 (Opinion 857). Podalonia Fernald, 1927:11. Validated by International Commission
on Zoological Nomenclature, 1968:88 (Opinion 857). Type species: Ammophila
violaceipennis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845, designated by
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1968:88 (Opinion
857). Psammophila Dahlbom, 1842:2, junior homonym of Psammophila
Brown, 1827. Type species: Psammophila affinis (W. Kirby, 1798)
[= Ammophila affinis W. Kirby, 1798], designated by Fernald,
1927:11. canescens madecassa (Kohl) As Ammophila capensis de Saussure, 1892:438 (Madagascar), corrected
to Ammophila madecassa by Kohl, 1909:372. Ammophila madecassa Kohl, 1909:372, POLEMISTUS Polemistus de Saussure, 1892:565. Type species:
Polemistus macilentus de Saussure, 1892, designated by Pate,
1937c:52. Asiatomistus Tsuneki, 1992b:53. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Asiatomistus Tsuneki, 1993:38. Type species: Passaloecus
barrabas Pagden, 1933, by original designation. macilentus de Saussure Polemistus macilentus de Saussure, 1892:567,
PRIONYX Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827:362. Type species:
Ammophila kirbii Vander Linden, 1827, by monotypy. Priononyx Dahlbom, 1843:28. Type species: Pepsis thomae
(Fabricius, 1804) [= Sphex thomae Fabricius, 1775], by monotypy. Enodia Dahlbom, 1843:28, junior homonym of Enodia Hübner,
1819. Type species: Sphex albisectus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau
and Serville, 1828 [= Ammophila kirbii Vander Linden, 1827],
designated by Kohl, 1885b:164. Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856:264. Type species: Harpactopus
crudelis F. Smith, designated by Patton, 1880a:384. Parasphex F. Smith, 1856:267. Type species: Sphex albisectus
Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Serville, 1828 [= Ammophila kirbii
Vander Linden, 1827], designated by Kohl, 1885b:164. Gastrosphaeria A. Costa, 1858:10. Type species: Gastrospheria
anthracina A. Costa, 1858 [= Sphex subfuscatus Dahlbom, 1845],
by monotypy. Pseudosphex Taschenberg, 1869:420, junior homonym of Pseudosphex
Hübner, 1818.. Type species: Pseudosphex pumilio Taschenberg,
1869, by monotypy. Calosphex Kohl, 1890b:113. Type species: Sphex niveatus
Dufour, 1853, designated by Pate, 1937c:15. – As Callosphex:
Rohwer, 1913:450 (misspelling). Neosphex Reed, 1894:627. Type species: Neosphex albospiniferus
Reed, 1894, by monotypy. crudelis (F. Smith) Sphex rufipennis Fabricius, 1793:200, sex not indicated, primary
homonym of Sphex rufipennis De Geer, 1778. Syntypes: ? Sphex hirtipes Fabricius, 1793:207, sex not indicated. Holotype
or syntypes: Guinea (depository?), primary homonym of Sphex hirtipes
De Geer, 1778. Tentatively synonymized with Harpactopus crudelis
by Kohl, 1890:351. – van der Vecht, 1961a:32 (type material lost,
may be a synonym of Sphex obscurus); Casolari and Casolari Moreno,
1980:102 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). Sphex aegyptius Lepeletier, 1845:356, sex not indicated (as
Aegyptia, incorrect original capitalization and termination),
primary homonym of Sphex aegyptius Linnaeus, 1758. Lectotype:
Harpactopus crudelis F. Smith, 1856:264, Sphex grandis Radoszkowski, 1876b:132, ? Sphex aegyptius var. turcomanicus Radoszkowski,
1893a:58, sex not indicated. Syntypes: Turkmenistan: Serax (Kraków). PSEN Psen Latreille, 1796:122 (no included species).
Type species: Sphex ater Fabricius, 1794 [= Crabro ater
Olivier, 1792], designated by Latreille, 1802b:338 (first included species). Psenus Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation of Psen Latreille,1796. Psenia Stephens, 1829b:361. Type species: Sphex ater
Fabricius, 1794 [= Crabro ater Olivier, 1792], designated by
Pate, 1937c:54. Dahlbomia Wissmann, 1849:9. Type species: Sphex ater
Fabricius, 1794 [= Crabro ater Olivier, 1792], by monotypy. Mesopora Wesmael, 1852:279. Type species: Psen ater
of Vander Linden, 1829 [= Sphex ater of Panzer, 1799 = Sphex
ater Fabricius, 1794 = Crabro ater Olivier, 1792], by monotypy. Caenopsen Cameron, 1899:55. Type species: Caenopsen fuscinervis
Cameron, 1899, by monotypy. leclercqi van Lith Psen leclercqi van Lith, 1974a:53, PSENEO Pseneo Malloch, 1933:7. Type species: Psen
kohlii W. Fox, 1898, by original designation. madecassus Arnold Psen madecassus Arnold, 1945:152, PSENULUS Psenulus Kohl, 1897:293. Type species: "Mimesa
fuscipennis Dahlbom" [= Psen fuscipennis Dahlbom,1843],
designated by Ashmead, 1899:224. Neofoxia Viereck, 1901b:338. Type species: Psen atratus
of Panzer, 1806 [= Trypoxylon atratum Fabricius, 1804 = Sphex
pallipes Panzer, 1798], by original designation. Stenomellinus W.Schulz, 1911b:142. Type species: Psen dilectus
de Saussure, 1892, by monotypy. Eopsenulus Gussakovskij, 1934b:84. Type species: Psenulus
iwatai Gusssakovskij, 1934, by original designation. Nipponopsen Yasumatsu, 1938:84. Type species: Nipponopsen
anomoneure Yasumatsu, 1938, by original designation. alboscutellatus Arnold Psenulus reticulosus var. alboscutellatus Arnold, 1945:156,
dilectus (de Saussure) Psen dilectus de Saussure, 1892:571, fulgidus Arnold Psenulus fulgidus Arnold, 1945:156, reticulosus Arnold Psenulus reticulosus Arnold, 1945:154,
PSEUDOPLISUS Pseudoplisus Ashmead, 1899d:323. Type species:
Gorytes floridanus W. Fox, 1891 [= Pseudoplisus smithii floridanus
(W. Fox, 1891)], by original designation. ranosahae (Arnold) Gorytes ranosahae Arnold, 1945:54, RHOPALUM Euplilis Risso, 1826:227. Type species: Euplilis
rufiventris (Panzer, 1799) [= Crabro rufiventris Panzer,
1799 = Sphex clavipes Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Pate, 1935:246.
Suppressed by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1978:237
(Opinion 1106). Rhopalum Stephens, 1829a:34. Type species: Crabro rufiventris
Panzer, 1799 [= Sphex clavipes Linnaeus, 1758], designated by
J. Curtis, 1837:text accompanying plate 656. See also Stephens, 1829b:366
and J. Curtis, 1829:123. Physoscelus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:804.
Type species: Crabro rufiventris Panzer, 1799 [= Sphex clavipes
Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Westwood, 1839:80. Corynopus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:802.
Type species: Crabro tibialis of Panzer, 1801 [= Crabro tibialis
of Panzer, 1801 [= Crabro tibialis Fabricius, 1798 = Sphex
coarctatus Scopoli, 1763], by monotypy. Dryphus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1840:123. Type species: Crabro
tibialis Fabricius, 1798 = Sphex coarctatus Scopoli, 1763],
by monotypy. Physoscelis Westwood, 1839:80. Lapsus or emendation of Physoscelus
Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835. Alliognathus Ashmead, 1899d:219. Type species: Crabro occidentalis
W. Fox, 1895, by original designation. Synonymized with Corynopus
by Court and R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1975:47. Calceorhopalum Tsuneki, 1952b:111. Type species: Rhopalum
calceatum (Tsuneki, 1947) [= Crabro calceatus Tsuneki, 1947,
primary homonym of Crabro calceatus Rossi, 1794 = Rhopalum
pygidiale R. Bohart, 1976], by original designation. Latrorhopalum Tsuneki, 1952b:111. Type species: Rhopalum
latronum (Kohl, 1915) [= Crabro latronum, by original designation. Aporhopalum Leclercq, 1955k:3. Type species: Rhopalum perforator
F. Smith, 1876, by original designation. Zelorhopalum Leclercq, 1955k:4. Type species: Rhopalum aucklandi
Leclercq, 1955, by original designation. Notorhopalum Leclercq, 1979b:354, as subgenus of Rhopalum.
Type species: Rhopalum carnegiacum Leclercq, 1979, by original
designation and monotypy. ichneumoniforme (Arnold) Thyreopus ichneumoniformis Arnold, 1927:130,
SCELIPHRON Sceliphron Klug, 1801:561. Type species: Sphex
spirifex Linnaeus, 1758, designated by Bingham, 1897:235. Pelopoeus Latreille, 1802b:334. Type species: Pelopoeus
spirifex, Fab." [= Pelopoeus spirifex of Fabricius,
1804 = Sphex spirifex Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille,
1810:438. Pelopaeus Latreille, 1804:180. Lapsus or emendation of Pelopoeus. Sceliphrum W. Schulz, 1906:192. Emendation of Sceliphron
Klug, 1801. Prosceliphron van der Vecht in van der Vecht and van
Breugel, 1968:192, junior homonym of Prosceliphron Frenguelli,
1946. Type species: Sceliphron coromandelicum (Lepeletier, 1845)
[= Pelopaeus coromandelicus Lepeletier, 1845], by original designation.
Hensenia Pagliano and Scaramozzino, 1990:5. Replacement name
for Prosceliphron van der Vecht, 1968. May by unnecessary because
Prosceliphron Frenguelli, 1946 is in doubt under Article 13 (Menke,
1990:29). fuscum Klug Sphex hemipterus Fabricius, 1798:244, sex not indicated, primary
homonym of Sphex hemipterus Scopoli, 1772. Lectotype: Sceliphron fuscum Klug, 1801:566, sex not indicated. Holotype
or syntypes: "Isle de France" (ZMHU). – Strand, 1915:91
(as synonym of Sceliphron coromandelicum; authorship attributed
to Lepeletier); van der Vecht and van Breugel, 1968:237 (as synonym
of Sceliphron hemipterum); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:105 (listed);
Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:831 (Seychelles Islands); Madl, 1997:820
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). Sceliphron quodi Vachal, 1907:144, SOLIERELLA Solierella Spinola, 1851a:349.
Type species: Solierella chilensis Spinola, 1851, by monotypy.
Sylaon Piccioli, 1869a:pl. 1. Type
species: Silaon compeditus Piccioli, 1869, by monotypy. Silaon Piccioli, 1869b:283. Lapsus
or emendation of Sylaon Piccioli, 1869. Niteliopsis S. Saunders, 1873:410.
Type species: Niteliopsis pisonoides S. Saunders, 1873, by monotypy.
Gender: feminine (Article 30a of the Code). Ammosphecidium Kohl, 1878:701. Type
species: Ammosphecidium helleri Kohl, 1878 [= Silaon compeditus
Piccioli, 1869], by monotypy. Lautara Herbst, 1920a:217. Type
species: Lautara jaffueli Herbst, 1920, by monotypy. madagascariensis Arnold Solierella madagascariensis Arnold,
1945:139, pallidipes Arnold Solierella pallidipes Arnold, 1945:140,
SPHECIUS Sphecius Dahlbom, 1843:154. Type species: Sphecius
speciosus Dahlbom, 1843 (secondary homonym of Sphecius speciosus
(Drury, 1773)) [= Sphex specious Drury, 1773], by monotypy. Hogardia Dufour, 1841:228. Type species: Hogardia dufourrii
Dufour, 1841, by monotypy. Not available: published in synonymy of Stizus
nigricornis (Article 11e). Hogardia Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:288. Type species:
Hogardia rufescens Lepeletier, 1845 [= Stizus hogardi
Latreille, 1806, by tautonymy (Article 68d)]. Sphecienus Patton, 1879c:345. Type species: Stizus nigricornis
Dufour, 1838, by original designation Nothosphecius Pate, 1936d:199. Type species:
Stizus grandidieri de Saussure, 1887, by original designation. grandidieri (de Saussure) Stizus grandidieri de Saussure, 1887:9, Sphecius freyi Handlirsch, 1891:27, SPHEX Sphex Linnaeus, 1758:569. Type species: Sphex
flavipennis Fabricius, 1793, designated by International Commission
on Zoological Nomenclature, 1946:571 (Opinion 180) which reversed its
earlier designation as type of Sphex sabulosus Linnaeus, 1758
(1911:76, Opinion 32). Sphaex Scopoli, 1772:122. Lapsus or emendation of Sphex
Linnaeus, 1758. Ammobia Billberg, 1820:105. Type species Pepsis argentata
(Fabricius, 1804) [= Sphex argentatus Fabricius, 1787], designated
by Rohwer, 1911c:153 Proterosphex Fernald, 1905:163. Type species: Sphex maxillosus
Fabricius, 1793, junior homonym of Sphex maxillosus Poiret, 1787
[= Sphex funerarius Gussakovskij, 1934]. Fernaldina R. Bohart and Menke, 1963:130. Type species: Sphex
lucae de Saussure, 1867. By monotypy. fumicatus voeltzkowii Kohl Sphex umbrosus var. voeltzkowii Kohl, 1909:370, malagassus de Saussure Sphex malagassus de Saussure, 1890:pl. 18, fig. 38, Sphex malagassus de Saussure, 1891:259, Sphex malagassus de Sausure, 1892:259, torridus F. Smith Sphex torridus F. Smith, 1873c:291, SPILOMENA Celia Shuckard, 1837:182. Type species: Celia
troglodytes (Vander Linden, 1829) [= Stigmus troglodytes
Vander Linden], by original designation and monotypy. Junior homonym
of Celia Zimmermann, 1832. Spilomena Shuckard, 1838:79. Replacement name for Celia
Shuckard, 1837. Microglossa Rayment, 1930:212. Type species: Microglossa
longifrons Rayment, by original designation. Junior homonym of Microglossa
Voight, 1831. Microglossella Rayment, 1935:634. Replacement name for Microglossa
Rayment, 1930. Taialia Tsuneki, 1971j:10. Type species: Taialia formosana
Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with
Spilomena by R. Bohart in R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:41. seyrigi Arnold Spilomena seyrigi Arnold, 1945:142, STIZOIDES Stizoides Guérin-Méneville, 1844:438 (as subgenus
of Stizus). Type species: Larra fasciata Fabricius, 1798
(secondary homonym of Stizus fasciatus (Fabricius, 1798)) [=
Sphex assimilis Fabricius, 1787], designated by J. Parker, 1929:10. Omphalius Vachal, 1900a:534, junior homonym of Omphalius
Philippi, 1847. Type species: Omphalius niger Vachal, 1900a:535
[= Stizoides niger (Radoszkowski, 1881:208)], by monotypy. Scotomphales Vachal, 1900a:843. Replacement name for Omphalius
Vachal, 1900a:534. Scotomphales Vachal, 1900b:233. Replacement name for Omphalius
Vachal, 1900a:534. Tachystizus Minkiewicz, 1934:251. Not available: type species
not designated (Article 13b). Tachystizus Pate, 1937c:63. Type species: Crabro tridentatus
Fabricius, 1775, by original designation. Validation of Tachystizus
Minkeiwicz, 1934. cyanipennis (de Saussure) Stizus cyanipennis de Saussure, 1887:9, STIZUS Stizus Latreille, 1802b:344. Type species: "Stizus
ruficornis" Fabr. [= Bembix ruficornis Fabricius, 1787
(secondary homonym of Vespa ruficornis J. Forster, 1771) = Vespa
ruficornis J. Forster, 1771, designated by Blanchard, 1846:pl.121. Larra Fabricius sensu Klug, 1845:pl. 46 and text (in part).
R. Bohart and Menke (1976:53) commented as follows: Larra Fabricius
contained unrelated species of sphecids as well as a scoliid and a tiphiid.
Latreille (1802b) recognized the conglomerate nature of the genus and
restricted Larra to wasps now placed in the Larrinae. He established
the new genus Stizus for the remaining sphecids of Fabricius'
Larra. Klug and F. Smith both restricted Larra to species
assigned by other authors to Latreille's Stizus. F. Smith (1856:273-274,
337) went so far as to designate a type species for Larra, although
his designation was antedated by that of Latreille, 1810 and others.
Species placed in Larra By Klug and F. Smith are now assigned
to Stizus, Stizoides, and Bembecinus. Larra Fabricius sensu F. Smith, 1856:337 (in part). Megastizus Patton, 1879c:344. Type species: Stizus brevipennis
Walsh, 1869, by original designation. Stizolarra de Saussure, 1887:9. Type species: Sphex vespiformis
Fabricius, 1775, designated by Pate 1937c:62. Megalostizus W. Schulz, 1906:199. Emendation of Megastizus
Patton, 1879. berlandi Arnold Stizus berlandi Arnold, 1945:76, TACHYSPHEX Tachysphex Kohl, 1883a:166. Type species: Tachysphex
filicornis Kohl, 1883 [= Tachytes fugax Radoszkowski, 1877],
designated by Bingham, 1897:192. Schistosphex Arnold, 1922:137. Type species: Schistosphex
breijeri Arnold, 1922, by original designation and monotypy. Atelosphex Arnold, 1923a:177. Type species: Atelosphex miscophoides
Arnold, 1923, by original designation and monotypy. ambositrae Leclercq Tachysphex ambositrae Leclercq, 1967b:67, anceps Arnold Tachysphex anceps Arnold, 1945:102, bruneiceps Arnold Tachysphex bruneiceps Arnold, 1923a:153, crassicornis Arnold Tachysphex crassicornis Arnold, 1945:105, excisus Arnold Tachysphex dimidiatus de Sausssure, 1892:483, Tachysphex dimidiatus var. excisus Arnold, 1945:104,
halictiformis Arnold Tachysphex halictiformis Arnold, 1945:100, insulsus Arnold Tachysphex insulsus Arnold, 1945:104, micromegas de Saussure Tachysphex micromegas de Saussure, 1892:481, Tachysphex sikorae de Saussure, 1892: pl. 27, fig. 2 (as Sikorae,
incorrect original capitalization). Objective synonym of Tachysphex
micromegas. Synonymized with Tachysphex micromegas by Menke
in Bohart and Menke, 1976:274. perniger Arnold Tachysphex perniger Arnold, 1947:166, scaurus Arnold Tachysphex scaurus Arnold, 1945:98, sericeus flavofimbriatus Arnold Tachysphex fluctuatus var. flavofimbriatus Arnold, 1945:97,
sexinus Leclercq Tachysphex sexinus Leclercq, 1961d:111, seyrigi Arnold Tachysphex seyrigi Arnold, 1945:99, suavis Arnold Tachysphex suavis Arnold, 1929c:385, subcoriaceus Arnold Tachysphex subcoriaceus Arnold, 1945:98, subeditus Leclercq Tachysphex subeditus Leclercq, 1961d:109, villosus Arnold Tachysphex villosus Arnold, 1947:164, TACHYTES Tachytes Panzer, 1806:129. Type species: Pompilus
tricolor of Fabricius, 1798 [= Sphex tricolor Fabricius,
1793 (primary homonym of Sphex tricolor Schrank, 1781) = Sphex
tricoloratus Turton, 1801 = Tachytes obsoletus tricoloratus
(Turton, 1801)], by monotypy. Lyrops Illiger, 1807a:162. Type species: Andrena etrusca
Rossi, 1790, by monotypy. See also Illiger, 1807b:195. Tachyptera Dahlbom, 1843:133. Type species: Apis obsoleta
Rossi, 1792, designated by Patton, 1880b:391. Junior homonum of Tachyptera
Berge, 1842. Holotachytes R. Turner, 1917d:10. Type species: Tachytes
dichrous F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Calotachytes R. Turner, 1917d:10. Type species: Tachytes
marshalli R. Turner, 1912, by original designation. Tachyoides Banks, 1942:397. Type species: Tachytes mergus
W. Fox, 1892, by original designation. Tachyplena Banks, 1942:397. Replacement name for Tachyptera
Dahlbom, 1843. Tachyplena can be also regarded as a new genus
name because Banks designated Tachytes mandibularis Patton, 1880,
as type species (Bohart and Menke, 1976:44). Tachynana Banks, 1942:398. Type species: Tachytes obscurus
Cresson, 1872 [= Tachytes chrysopyga obscurus Cresson, 1872],
by original designation. argyropis de Saussure Tachytes argyropis de Saussure, 1887:18, copiosus Arnold Tachytes copiosus Arnold, 1945:111, flavocinereus Arnold Tachytes flavocinereus Arnold, 1945:112, indifferens Arnold Tachytes indifferens Arnold, 1945:110, oviventris de Saussure Tachytes oviventris de Saussure, 1891:260, Tachytes oviventris de Saussure, 1892:478, picticornis Arnold Tachytes picticornis Arnold, 1945:111, rufomarginatus Arnold Tachytes rufomarginatus Arnold, 1945:109, TRYPOXYLON Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796:121, no included
species. Type species: Sphex figulus Linnaeus, 1758, designated
by Latreille, 1802b:339 (first included species). Tripoxilon Spinola, 1806:65. Lapsus or emendation of Trypoxylon
Latreille, 1796. Apius Panzer, 1806:106. Type species: Sphex figulus
of Panzer, 1801 [= Sphex figulus Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy. Apius Jurine, 1807:140, junior homonym of Apius Panzer,
1806. Type species: Sphex figulus of Fabricius, 1775 [= Sphex
figulus Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Morice and Durrant, 1915:394. Trypoxilon Jurine, 1807:141 and tableau comparatif, p. 2. Lapsus
or emendation of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796. Trypoxylum Agassiz, 1846:380. Unjustified emendation of Trypoxylon
Latreille, 1796. Trypoxylum W. Schulz, 1906:212, junior homonym of Trypoxylum
Agassiz, 1846. Unjustified emendation of Trypoxylon Latreille,
1796. Trypargilum Richards, 1934:191. Type species: Trypoxylon
nitidum F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Asaconoton Arnold, 1959:322. Type species: Trypoxylon egregium
Arnold, 1959, by original designation. cataractae madecassum Arnold Trypoxylon cataractae madecassum Arnold, 1945:9, errans de Saussure Trypoxylon errans de Saussure, 1867:84, Trypoxylon intrudens F. Smith, 1870:188, Trypoxylon canaliculatum Cameron, 1889c:122, sex non indicated.
Lectotype: Trypoxylon geniculatum Cameron, 1902f:313, Trypoxylon philippinense Ashmead, 1904c:283, Trypoxylon gardineri Cameron, 1907e:76, Trypoxylon ornatipes Cameron, 1913:24, " Trypoxylon pulawskii Tsuneki, 1956g:22, Trypoxylon tanoi Tsuneki, 1967d:13, Trypoxylon saitamaense Tsuneki, 1973a:13,
Trypoxylon indicum Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:346. Replacement
name for Trypoxylon ornatipes Cameron, 1913. hova de Saussure Trypoxylon hova de Saussure, 1892:525, luteosignatum Arnold Trypoxylon luteosignatum Arnold, 1945:11, punctatissimum Arnold Trypoxylon punctatissimum Arnold, 1924:20, scutifrons de Saussure Trypoxylon scutifrons de Saussure, 1892:523, seyrigi Arnold Trypoxylon seyrigi Arnold, 1945:12, sinuosiscute Arnold Trypoxylon sinuosiscutis Arnold, 1945:13, tuberculifrons Arnold Trypoxylon tuberculifrons Arnold, 1945:8, web page created by Norman D. Penny Last updated 9 January 2001
CAS: California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA.
DEI: Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalde, German;
FSAG: Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux, Belgium;
Genova: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale »Giacomo Doria«, Genova, Italy;
Kraków: Instytut Systematyki i Ewolucji Zwierzat, Polska Akademia Nauk,
Kraków, Poland;
MHNB: Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Bâle, Bâle (= Basel), Switzerland;
MHNG: Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Genève, Switzerland;
MNHN: Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France;
MRAC: Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium;
Napoli: Istituto e Museo di Zoologia dell’Università di Napoli, Napoli,
Italy;
NHMW: Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria;
NRS: Naturhistoriska Ricksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden;
OXUM: Oxford University Museum, Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford,
Great Britain;
SAM: South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa;
SIF: Senckenbergisches Institut, Frankfurt, Germany;
TMP: Northern Flagship Institution Natural History Museum, formerly Transvaal
Museum, Pretoria, South Africa;
Torino: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Italy;
UK: The University of Kansas, Department of Entomology, Snow Entomological
Museum, Lawrence, Kansas, USA;
USNM: United States National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D.C.;
ZIN: Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg,
Russia;
ZMHU: Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany;
ZMK: Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark;
. Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Behara (MNHH). Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:458 (listed).
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype:
, Madagascar: Perinet (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:458 (listed).,
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Behara, Bekily, Ivondro (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513
(listed); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist
of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
, .
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar)..
Holotype: , Madagascar: Diego Suarez (depository?).
- As Ammatomus madescassus: Arnold, 1945:64 (new combination,
Madagascar; redescription); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar, Comoro Islands; prey: Flatidae, Cixiidae);
Madl, 1997:822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar).,
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes
in Bulawayo Museum).
. Syntypes: , Madagascar: Imerina, Antananarivo, Anosibé
(MHNG). Arnold, 1945:87 (as junior synonym of Sphex beninensis,
Madagascar). As Ammophila lugubris var. imerinae:
Kohl, 1909:371 (new status;Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Europa Island
in Mozambique Channel). As Ammophila beninensis imerinae:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:151 (new status, listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:198 (listed).
. Syntypes: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq,
1959a:25 (in key). As Ammoplanellus claripennis:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198 (new combination, listed).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:198 (listed).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:198 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toliara (ZMHU or SIF) Arnold, 1945:144 (in key);
Pate, 1937a:104 (placed in subgenus Ammoplanellus); Leclercq,
1959a:26 (in key). As Ammoplanellus madecassus:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198 (new combination, listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq,
1959a:25 (in key). As Ammoplanellus orientalis:
R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:200 (new combination, new
status).
. Holotype or syntypes: , China: Hong Kong (NHMW). Synonymized with
Ampulex compressa by Gerstaecker, 1871:852.
Holotype or syntypes:
, Tanzania: Zanzibar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure,
1892:443 (in key). As Ampulex striolata: Kohl, 1893d:502
(new combination, original description copied); Dalla Torre, 1897:377
(listed); Arnold, 1928a:227 (original description translated into English.
. Syntypes: , Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province
(MHNG). As Astata blanda: Arnold, 1945:43 (in key);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:212 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar:
Tsimbazaza; keyed).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:212 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar,
keyed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (one syntype in Bulawayo
Museum).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:213
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar, keyed); Hancock, Chahwanda,
and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:213
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (in key), 115 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda,
and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Bembecinus assentator: Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar, new
combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:530 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118
(Madagascar; male sternum VII dentate).
, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara: Beza Mahafaly Reserve
(UK).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily (MNHN). As Bembecinus
hirtiusculus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:531 (new combination). , .
Syntypes: Madagascar: Amboasary, Behara, Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq,
1960a:100 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntypes
in Bulawayo Museum). As Bembecinus mirus: Leclercq,
1961d:103 (Madagascar, new combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:531
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar:
Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Ranomafana (MNHN). As Bembecinus
rectilateralis: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (new combination); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:532 (listed). . Holotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN);
see de Saussure, 1892:468 for type status. As Stizolarra
spinicornis: de Saussure, 1892:467 (Madagascar, redescription).
As Stizus spinicornis: Handlirsch, 1892:42 (new
combination, original description copied), 1895:972 (redescription);
Dalla Torre, 1897:531 (listed). As Bembecinus spinicornis:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:532 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar,
type in MNHN); R. Bohart, 1997a:177 (discussion of synonymy with varians);
Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of
Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Synonymized
with Bembecinus spinicornis by Leclercq, 1990b:119. As
Bembecinus varians: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (Madagascar, new
combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:532 (listed).
,
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Toliara: 38 km N Toliara (KU).
, (
= Bembex madecassa). Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:104.
Nec de Saussure, 1892:458 ( only) and Handlirsch, 1893:734 ( only) = Bembix madecassa; Kohl, 1909:373
(Madagascar: Andranohinaly). As Bembix hova: Arnold,
1945:81 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar),
1961d:104 (Madagascar; in key); Bohart and Menke, 1976:546 (listed);
Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of
Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). (Madagascar), corrected to Bembix hova
by Arnold, 1945:81.
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Tulear (ZMHU or SIF).
As Bembix latebrosa: Arnold, 1945:83 (Madagascar;
redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:104 (in key),
105 (Madagascar); Bohart and Menke, 1976:547 (listed)..
Holotype:
, illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de
Saussure, 1892:456 (Madagascar, redescription); Handlirsch, 1893c:818
(revision), 1895:1003 (Comoro Islands); Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascar:
Tamatave, Toliara); R. Turner, 1911b:371 (Seychelles Islands).
As Bembix madecassa: J. Parker, 1929:139 (revision); Arnold,
1945:79 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar),
1961d:104 (in key), 105 (Madagascar); Bohart and Menke, 1976:547 (listed);
Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of
Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
. Holotype:
, illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (ZMHU). Synonymized
with Bembix madecassa by Arnold, 1945:79.
. Objective synonym of Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1891. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG), unnecessary designation by Leclercq,
1961d:105. de Saussure, 1892:456 (Madagascar, redescription).
. Objective synonym of Bembex militaris de Saussure, 1890. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), unnecessary designation by
Leclercq, 1961d:105
. Objective synonym of Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1890.
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:105.
Synonymized with Bembix madecassa by de Saussure, 1892:456. only) and Handlirsch, 1893c:734 (revision,
only),
corrected to Bembix madecassa by Arnold, 1945:79.
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambositra, Bekily,
Ivondro, Ranomafana (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:149 (in key). As
Carinostigmus nubilipennis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:191
(listed; new combination).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold,
1945:149 (in key). As Carinostigmus tenellus: R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:191 (listed; new combination).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ivondro (MNHN).
Empey, 1969a:300 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:576
(listed); Empey, 1983:163 (type examined, reference to holotype incorrect).
. Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Rogez (MRAC). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:579 (listed);
Empey, 1983:163 (listed).].
Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (Genova), designated by Guiglia, 1948b:179
(Article 74.6). F. Smith, 1856:450 (listed); Schletterer,
1887:486 (listed); de Saussure, 1892:555 (original description copied);
Guiglia, 1948b:179 (type in Genova), 187 (redescription). Leclercq,
1961d:102 (Madagascar), 1962b:211 (Madagascar: Bekily); Empey, 1969a:301
(listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:164
(listed).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily,
Behara, Ivondro (MNHN). Synonymized with Cerceris argentifrons
by Guiglia, 1948b:187, by Leclercq, 1961d:102, and conditionally by
Empey, 1969a:301. R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (as questionable
synonym of Cerceris argentifrons); Empey, 1983:164 (reference
to holotype is incorrect); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37
(syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:166 (listed)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN, now probably lost: Empey, 1983:167).
– de Saussure, 1892:541 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:22
(Madagascar; redescription); Empey, 1969a:303 (listed); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:579 (listed); Empey, 1983:167 (type material missing).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Ivondro
(MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:579 (listed); Empey, 1983:167
(listed, holotype examined); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha
Island, as dentriventris), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae,
as dentriventris).,
(as Duchesnei, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambovimbi, Antananarivo, Bekily
(MNHN). – Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar); Empey, 1969a:305
(listed, as duchnesei); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:580 (listed);
Empey, 1983:169 (listed, holotype examined).
.
Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:171
(Article 74.6). de Saussure, 1892:547 (Madagascar, redescription);
Arnold, 1945:41 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:211 (Madagascar:
Rogez); Empey, 1969a:308 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581
(listed); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist
of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
, (as Gallienii, incorrect original
capitalization). Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Fort Dauphin (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:172 (Article
74.6). Leclercq, 1962b:211 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey, 1969a:308
(listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581 (listed, as gallieni);
Empey, 1983:172 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes
in Bulawayo Museum).,
(as Augagneuri, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Antsirabé (MNHN). Synonymized
with Cerceris gallienii by Leclercq, 1962b:211. Empey,
1969a:302 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey,
1983:165 (listed, type examined).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated
by Empey, 1983:173 (Article 74.6). As Cerceris gallieni
bekilensis: Empey, 1969a:308 (new status, listed); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:581 (listed); Empey, 1983:172 (listed).
(as Hildebrandti, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype
or syntypes: Madagascar: ,
no specific locality (missing: Empey, 1983:173). Empey, 1969a:301
(listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:582 (listed).
, . Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:177 (Article 74.6).
Empey, 1969a:312 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:583
(listed).
, . Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Nosibe (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:180. R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:584 (listed). As Cerceris nenitra
(a misspelling): de Saussure, 1892:551 (Madagascar, redescription);
R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands); Arnold, 1945:42 (Madagascar;
redescription); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles, as renitra);
Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar), 1962b:212 (Madagascar); Empey, 1969a:316
(listed).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). Synonymized with Cerceris nenicra
by Empey, 1983:180. Empey, 1969a:318 (listed, possibly dark form
of Cerceris nenit ra); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed).
. Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Andreagoloka (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:182 (Article
74.6). de Saussure, 1892:543 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold,
1945:24 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:212 (Madagascar:
Mandraka); Empey, 1969a:318 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585
(listed).. Lectotype: , Madagascar: Antananarivo and Bezanozano
Province: Anosibé (MHNG). Synonymized with Cerceris paleata by
Arnold, 1945:24.
.
Holotype: ,
illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de
Saussure, 1892:549 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:23 (Madagascar;
redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:212 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey, 1969a:318
(listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed); Empey, 1983:183
(listed, type examined); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:38 (specimen
in Bulawayo Museum).
. Objective synonym of Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1890.. Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG,
type missing: Empey, 1983:183). Synonymized with Cerceris perfida
by Arnold, 1945:23.
. Lectotype: , Madagascar: Andreagoloka (MHNG), designated
by Empey, 1983:183. Arnold, 1945:38 (Madagascar; redescription);
Empey, 1969a:318 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed);
Empey, 1983:183 (listed).. Objective synonym of Cerceris petiolata
de Saussure, 1891.
,
(as Rasoherinae, incorrect original
capitalization). Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:184 (Article 74.6).
Empey, 1969a:320 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:586
(listed).
, . Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:185 (Article 74.6).
Synonymized with Cerceris rasoherinae by Empey, 1983:202. As
Cerceris rasoherinae debilis: Empey, 1969a:320 (new status);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:586 (listed).
,
nec (as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:188 (Article 74.6).
Empey, 1969a:322 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:587
(listed); Empey, 1983:188 (the described by Arnold is an undescribed species).
, . Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG), designated by Empey,
1983:189. Arnold, 1945:19 (citation); Empey, 1969a:323 (listed);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:587 (listed).
.
Holotype:
, Madagascar: Rogez in East Coast Forest (MNHN). R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:589 (listed); Empey, 1983:193 (listed, type examined).,
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Tamatave (FSAG). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:102 (listed);
Hensen, 1988:25 (revision).
, . Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (Genova), designated by Hensen, 1988:27.
As Sceliphron madecassum: Kohl, 1906a:193,
196 (in key), 1909:370 (Comoro Islands); Turner, 1911b:368 (Seychelles
Islands); Kohl, 1918:65 (revision); Arnold, 1945:86 (Madagascar).
As Chalybion madecassum: Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar);
Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles); Leclercq, 1961d:106 (Madagascar),
1966:56 (comparison with Chalybion bonnenti; Hensen, 1988:27
(revision); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:831 (Seychelles Islands);
Madl, 1997:819 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of
Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).,
. Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN), designated by Hensen, 1988:27.
Synonymized with Sceliphron madecassum by Kohl, 1906a:193.
, India (in error): no specific locality (ZMK). Dalla Torre, 1897:418
(listed). As Pronoeus ciliatum: Dahlbom, 1845:XXII
(new combination, listed). As Chlorion ciliatum:
Fabricius, 1804:218 (new combination, redescription); van der Vecht,
1961a:35 (redescription of holotype); Leclercq, l969:1047 (Congo Brazzaville).
As Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:90 (listed); Dollfuss, 1990:122 (Central African Republic).
. Syntypes: Guinea: no specific locality (ZMK). Synonymized with Sphex
xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. de Saussure, 1867:37 (review
of variation). As Pronaeus mandibularis: F. Smith,
1856:239 (listed); Magretti, 1884b:578 (Sudan: Bahr el Salaam); Casolari
and Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens in M. Spinola collection).
As Sphex mandibularis: Kohl, 1885b:175 (in revision
of Palearctic Sphex); Ed. André, 1888:122 (in revision of Sphecidae
of Europe and Algeria), 6* (bibliographic references). As
Chlorion ciliatum mandibulare: van der Vecht, 1961a:37 (new
status, redescription of syntypes). ,
. Syntypes: Guinea, Congo: no specific locality (BMNH). Synonymized
with Chlorion ciliatum by van der Vecht, 1961a:36. Synonymized
with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. Magretti, 1884b:580
(Sudan: Bahr el Salaam). As Sphex xanthocerus var. instabilis:
Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire); Berland, 1956:1164 (in revision of African
Sphecini). As Chlorion xanthocerum var. instablis:
Arnold, 1928c:349 (original description copied). As Chlorion
xanthoceros instabile: Leclercq, 1955h:44 (locality records),
1961b:48 (Zaire). ,
. Syntypes: South Africa: Natal: Port Natal (BMNH). Synonymized with
Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. . Holotype or syntypes: , Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU).
Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. Taschenberg,
1880:776 (description of )..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus
by Kohl, 1890:183. As Sphex xanthoceros var. subcyaneus:
Strand, 1916b:102 (Tanzania: Bagamoyo, as subcyanbeum); Berland,
1952b:275 (boundary of Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Liberia: Mt. Nimba),
1956:1164 (in revision of African Sphecini). As Chlorion
xanthocerum var. subcyaneum: Arnold, 1928c:348
(revision). As Chlorion xanthoocerum subcyaneum:
Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire). As Sphex subcyaneus: Schouteden,
1930:95 (Zaire).. Objective synonym of Chlorion fulvipes
Gerstaecker, 1858. . Holotype or syntypes: , Guinea: no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized
with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183 (or an earlier author?).
As Chlorion xanthocerum var. zonatum: Arnold,
1928c:349 (revision). As Sphex zonatus: Schouteden,
1930:95 (Zaire). As Sphex xanthocerus var. zonatus:
Berland, 1956:1165 (in revision of African Sphecini).. Holotype or syntypes: , Angola: Humbe (Kraków). As questionabale
synonym of Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum: R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:90 (listed)..
Lectotype: ,
Colombia: Caracas (Genova), designated by Menke in Bohart
and Menke, 1976:90. Synonymized with Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum
by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:90.
, . Syntypes: Kenya: Mount Meru: Ngare na nyuki
(NRS). Synonymized with Chlorion xanthocerum by R. Turner, 1913:746
and with Sphex xantocerum by Berland, 1926b:164.
. Holotype or syntypes:
, South Africa: Transvaal: Kranspoort (TMP). Synonymized with Chlorion
xanthocerum var. maxillaris by Arnold, 1928c:348.
, (as kigonserana,, incorrect original
termination). Syntypes: German East Africa: Kigonsera (DEI). Synonymized
with Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum by Menke in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:90. - Berland, 1956:1163 (in revision of
African Sphecini, as kingiserana);. - As Chlorion xanthoceros
kigonseranum:: Leclercq, 1953b:211 (first record from Madagascar),
Leclercq, 1955h:42 (locality records), 1961b:49 (Rwanda).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq,
1954c:221 (listed), 304 (nest and prey records); 1958a:14, footnote
(diagnostic characters), 17 (Madagascar: Bekily, Ivondro). As
Crossocerus brunniventris bekiliensis: R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:400 (new status, listed).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Crossocerus hirtitibia: Leclercq, 1954c:236 (new combination,
listed), 1958a:13 (in key), 25 (Madagascar: Bekily); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:401 (listed); Rodgers and Homewood, 1982:233 (Tanzania: Usambara
Mountains).
. Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Anatananarivo (MHNG). – Dalla Torre, 1897:610 (in catalog
of world Sphecidae). As Microcrabro micromegas:
Arnold, 1945:185 (Madagascar). As Crossocerus micromegas:
Leclercq, 1954c:221 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:402 (listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo area
(MHNG). Arnold, 1945:170 (Madagascar; revision). As Dasyproctus
crudelis: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:50
(in key), 75 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:420 (listed); Leclercq,
1990a:233, 234, and 242 (in key), 250 (bibliographic references, shape
of frontal carina), 1991d:19 (summary of collecting localities).
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo area, Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG).
Arnold, 1945:171 (Madagascar; revision). As Dasyproctus
ferox: Leclercq, 1954c:258 (new combination, listed), 1958a:39
(in key), 63 (additional description), 1961b:87 (additional Madagascan
records), 1961d:117 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:420 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990a:225 and 237 (in key), 250 (bibliographic references),
1991d:19 (summary of collecting localities); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar:
Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).. Syntypes: , Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province
(MHNG). Synonymized with Crabro ferox by Arnold, 1945:171. Dalla
Torre, 1897:604 (in catalog of world Sphecidae)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Fanovana District: Madag (USNM). Leclercq, 1958a:38
(in key), 63, 1961d:117 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421
(listed); Leclercq, 1990a:224 and 236 (in key, ), 252 (bibliographic reference; Madagascar:
Angavoleky), 1991d:24 (summary of collecting localities). . Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: Antananarivo area (MHNG).
Dalla Torre, 1897:624 (in catalog of world Sphecidae); Arnold,
1945:172 (Madagascar; redescription). As Dasyproctus saevus:
Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:54 (in key), 86
(diagnostic characters); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed); Leclercq,
1990a:233, 234, 238, and 239 (in key), 252 (bibliographic references),
1991d:28 (relation to medicus, summary of collecting localities).,
(as Stevensoni, incorrect original
capitalization), primary homonym of Thyreopus stevensoni Arnold,
1926:344. Syntypes: Zimbabwe: Bulawayo (SAM). Synonymized with Dasyproctus
saevus by Leclercq, 1990a:253. As Crabro stevensoni:
Arnold, 1940:135 (new combination, preoccupied). As Dasyproctus
stevensoni: Schouteden, 1930:94 (new combination, Zaire); Leclercq,
1954c:260 (listed), 1958a:51 (in key), 88 (diagnostic characters), 1961b:82
(Zaire: Garamba National Park); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed).. Holotype: , Ghana: Aburi (BMNH). Synonymized with Dasyproctus
stevensoni by Leclercq, 1954c:259. (as Saussurei, incorrect original
capitalization). Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (NHMW).
Dalla Torre, 1897:624 (in catalog of world Sphecidae); W. Schulz,
1911:185 (as new synonym of Crabro crudelis); Arnold, 1945:174
(synonymy with Crabro crudelis invalid). As Dasyproctus
saussurei: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed),
1958a:50 (in key), 75 (listed; female head longer than in other Dasyproctus),
1961b:87 (Madagascar: Mailaka); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed);
Dollfuss, 1989:9 (holotype in NHMW); Leclercq, 1990a:234 and 242 (in
key), 254 (bibliographic references), 1991d:31 (relations to crudelis,
summary of collecting localities).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Rogez (MNHN). Synonymized
with Dasyproctus saussurei by Leclercq, 1958a:75. As
Dasyproctus infrarugosus: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination,
listed).
. Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara: Bereboka (BMNH). As
Daycatinca fantsilotra: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination),
10 (in key).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara: Bereboka (BMNH).
As Daycatinca madecassa: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination),
10, 11 (in key)... Holotype: , Madagascar: Tamatave: Périnet, now Andasibé
(BMNH). As Daycatinca ravenala: Argaman, 1985:8
(new combination), 10, 11 (in key).
.
Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). Kohl, 1893d:510 (revision);
Dalla Torre, 1897:371 (listed); Arnold, 1945:83 (Madagascar; redescription);
Leclercq, 1961d:101 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:69 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar), Madl, 1997:819 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha
Island) 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG). Synonymized with
Dolichurus secundus by Arnold, 1945:83. Kohl, 1893d:512
(revision); Dalla Torre, 1897:371 (listed).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). As Ectemnius praeclarus:
Leclercq, 1954c:269 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:427 (listed); Leclercq, 1999:12 (in key to subgenera and species
groups of Ectemnius)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Aninoravo (MNHN). Synonymized with Ectemnius praeclarus
by Leclercq, 1989c:51. R. Bohart Menke, 1976:421 (listed).
, (as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). Arnold, 1958:137 (belongs
to subgenus Metacrabro in Leclercq's system). As
Ectemnius seyrigi: Leclercq, 1954c:269 (new combination,
listed), 1961d:118 (belongs to subgenus Iwataia; Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:428 (listed); Leclercq, 1989c:52 (variation).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Ectemnius slateri nigrescens: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:428
(listed).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Primary homonym of Crabro
tridens Fabricius, 1798, a junior synonym of Oxybelus uniglumis
(Linnaeus, 1758). As Entomognathus tridens: Leclercq,
1954c:202 (new combination, listed), 1961b:72 (Madagascar; description
of
), 1997b:115 (in key), 120 (bibliographic references, faunal records,
tentatively assigned to subgenusMashona)., .
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Entomognathus diversicornis:
Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:382 (listed); Leclercq, 1997b:118 (in key), 121 (bibliographic
references, correction to original description)..
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Entomognathus faunus:
Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:382 (listed), 1997b:115 (in key).
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). As Entomognathus
midas: Leclercq, 1954c:203 (new combination, new combination,
listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed; as midus); Leclercq,
1997b:116 (in key); Leclercq, 1997b:116 (in key), 124 (bibliographic
references).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As
Entomognathus mimicus: Leclercq, 1954c:203 (new combination,
listed), 303 (nest and prey records); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382
(listed); Leclercq, 1997b:116 (in key), 124 (bibliographic references)..
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro, Rogez (MNHN). As Entomognathus
ruficaudatus: Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed),
1961b:71 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed); Leclercq,
1997b:115, 119 (in key), 128 (bibliographic references, tentatively
assigned to subgenus Mashona).
.
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Taolanaro (ZIN), examined. Pate, 1937:26 (misspelled
as Eparmostethus). In Gastrosericus: Arnold,
1927:116 (Eparmatostethus synonymized with Gastrosericus),
1945:92 (ó); Leclercq, 1960:96 (Madagascar: Behara); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:256 (listed); Leclercq, 1990:115 (Madagascar: Bekily); Pulawski,
1995b:85 (revision).
, . Holotype: ,
Madagascar: 5 km N Toliara (CAS).
.
Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG). As Gorytes histrio:
Handlirsch, 1895:907 (new combination, redescription); Dalla Torre,
1897:542 (listed); Arnold, 1945:57 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq,
1960a:100 (Madagascar). As Dienoplus histrio: R. Bohart
in Bohart and Menke, 1976:496 (new combination, listed); Leclercq,
1990b:119 (Madagascar; variation).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality
(MNHN). As Holotachysphex sacalava: Menke
in Bohart and Menke, 1976:282 (new combination, new status, listed);
Pulawski, 1992a:234 (revision).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar). As Hoplisoides
bipustulatus: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:520
(new combination, listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar; prey: Tettigometridae).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo, Bekily
(MNHN). As Hovanysson albibarbis: R. Bohart in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:472 (new combination, listed).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Fort
Dauphin, Ivondro (MNHN). Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar). As
Hovanysson camelus: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke,
1976:472 (new combination, listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar);
Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
. Holotype: , illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific
locality (MHNG). Kohl, 1895:50 (revision); Berland, 1926c:282
(Madagascar: locality records); Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar). As
Isodontia leonina: Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:123
(new combination, listed).. Objective synonym of Sphex leoninus
de Saussure, 1890. Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar). As
Chlorion leoninum: Arnold, 1945:90 (Madagascar; redescription).,
(as leonina, incorrect original termination).
Objective synonym of Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890.
(as Betsilea, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or
syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG or MNHN). de Saussure,
1892:488 (Madagascar, redescription, description of ); Arnold, 1945:114 (Madagascar; redescription);
Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar), 1961d:121 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:237 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).
(as Heydenii, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype:
, illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). Arnold,
1945:115 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key),
116 (Madagascar).
, , Syntypes: Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano
Province and Imerina Province (MHNG). Objective synonym of Larra
heydenii de Saussure, 1890.. Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG
or MNHN). de Saussure, 1892:496 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold,
1945:116 (Madagascar; redescription); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).
, primary homonym of Larra prismatica F. Smith, 1857 (now in
Bembecinus). Holotype or syntypes: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN). – Arnold, 1945:114 (Madagascar;
redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar).
(as Saussurei, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes:
Madagascar: no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized with Larra prismatica
de Saussure by W. Schulz, 1911:190. – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238
(listed); Dollfuss, 1989:10 (type material in NHMW); Leclercq, 1990b:115
(in key), 117 (Madagascar).,
secondary homonym of Larra carbonaria (F. Smith, 1858). Holotype
or syntypes: ,
Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG). . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Andrangoloaka and Bezanozano:
Anosibé (MHNG). – W. Schulz, 1911:190 (as new synonym of Larra
prismatica de Saussure); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 117 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar:
Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo or Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG),
designated by Leclercq, 1961d:113 (specific locality not indicated).
As Liris alaris: Arnold, 1945:125 (Madagascar; redescription);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:244 (listed)..
Holotype: ,
illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). –
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:244 (listed).
. Objective synonym of Notogonia antaka de Saussure, 1890. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), unnecessary designation by
Leclercq, 1961d:113 (as antaca)..
Emendation of Notogonia antaka and ancara. – Bischoff,
1913c:73 (Zimbabwe: Bulawayo); von Schulthess in Friederichs,
1918:47 (Madagascar: Diego Suarez); Berland, 1925c:154 (Angola); Arnold,
1929c:394 (as synonym of Notogonidea radialis). As Motes
antaca: Leclercq, 1961d:113 (Madagascar). – As Liris
antaca: Arnold, 1945:126 (Madagascar: Behara; redescription).
, illustrated specimen ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). As Liris avellanipes:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:244 (listed).
. Objective synonym of Notogonia avaellanipes de Saussure, 1890.
Lectotype:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), unnecessary designation by
Leclercq, 1961d:112. de Saussure, 1892:508 (Madagascar; redescription);
Arnold, 1945:122 (Madagascar; redescription). As Motes avellanipes:
Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). –
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:244 (listed); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar:
Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). As
Motes brunnipennis: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:115
(Madagascar)., incorrect original termination. Holotype
or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG).
Synonymized with Liris cowani de Saussure, 1892:515 (Madagascar,
redescription); Kohl, 1892:226 (E
), 227 (in key). As Liris haemorrhoidalis race jocositarsa:
Arnold, 1945:117 (Madagascar; redescription). As Liris haemorrhoidalis
jocositarsa: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:832
(Seychelles Islands)..
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo and
Anosibé in Tamatave Province (MHNG). Synonymized with Liris cowani
by R. Turner, 1916b:249 and with Liris haemorrhoidalis var. jocositarsa
by Arnold, 1945. – de Beaumont, 1961f:222 (valid name for Liris
haemorrhoidalis race jocositarsa of Arnold, 1945).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Maevatanatoa (MNHN). R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG or MNHN). de Saussure,
1892:513 (Madagascar, redescription). As Liris cubitalis:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245 (listed; type locality given as Mauritius).,
, incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:245
(listed). As Motes dejecta: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar),
1961d:115 (Madagascar)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Imerina Province: no specific locality (MHNG). As
Larra dyscheira: Kohl in Dalla Torre, 1897:666 (listed,
as dasycheira). As Motes dyscheira: Leclercq,
1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:113 (unnecessary designation of lectotype).
As Liris dyscheira: Arnold, 1945:123 (Madagascar,
redescription; description of , new combination); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:245 (listed)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). As Larra rufipes:
Kohl in Dalla Torre, 1987:672 (new combination, listed). As
Motes rufipes: Leclercq, 1961d:116 (Madagascar). As
Liris rufipes: Arnold, 1945:133 (Madagascar)..
Holotype:
, Zimbabwe: Bulawayo (SAM). Arnold, 1929c:397 (description of
), 1945:132 (Madagascar). As Liris
gracilicornis: Arnold, 1951:160 (Ghana: Labadi); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:245 (listed); Dollfuss, 1993a:693 (Central African Republic:
Kembe).,
incorrect original termination. Syntypes: ,
Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Ranomafana, Rogez (MNHN). – R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:246 (listed). As Motes incerta:
Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:113 (Madagascar; comparison with
Liris dejectus).
, Madagascar: Tamatave Province: Fampanambo (MHNB). As Liris:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:246 (listed).,
. Holotype: sex not indicated, Zimbabwe:
Bulawayo or Hopefountain (SAM). Arnold, 1929c:397 (description
of ), 1945:132 (Madagascar). As Liris
minima: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:246 (listed).
, . Syntypes: Egypt: Cairo (BMNH). As
Notogonia nigricans: R. Turner, 1917b:319 (new combination;
one syntype in BMNH; Egypt, Gibraltar, Cabo Verde Islands); Richards,
1928a:362 (in revision of Mediterranean species); Gussakovskij, 1938:7
(China: Kiangsu Province); Giner Marí, 1947:25 (Western Sahara), 1959:388
(Morocco: Fès; determination?). As Leptolarra nigricans:
Guiglia, 1937:186 (Libya: Cyrenaica; redescription); de Beaumont, 1940a:18
(Egypt). As Motes nigricans: Guiglia, 1942b:233
(Libya). As Liris nigricans: de Beaumont, 1947b:390
(Cyprus), 1950d:14 (Egypt: Siwa oasis); de Pittioni, 1950:24 (Cyprus);
Beaumont, 1955a:171 (Morocco), 1956a:196 (Libya; Chad: Tibesti), 1956d:2
(Cabo Verde Islands), 1958b:60 (Algeria: Tassili des Ajjer); Suárez
in Giner Marí, 1959:400 (Liris nigricans is the correct
name for Notogonia nigricans of Giner Marí, 1959:388); de Beaumont,
1960b:237 (Libya), 1961e:4 (Iraq), 1961f:234 (revision), 1967a:330 (Turkey),
1968a:261 (Canary Islands: Gran Canaria); Simon Thomas, 1969a:120 (Canary
Islands: Tenerife); de Beaumont, 1970a:400 (Afghanistan); de Beaumont,
Bytinski-Salz and Pulawski, 1973:5 (Israel); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:246
(listed); Georghiou, 1977:190 (Cyprus); Báez and Ortega, 1978:192 (Canary
Islands); Guichard, 1978:271 (first record from Greece); Kazenas, 1978b:102,
103 (in key to Sphecidae of Kazakhstan and Central Asia); Guichard,
1980:227 (Oman); Islamov, 1986:524 (Uzbekistan: Tashkent Oblast); Gayubo
and Mingo, 1988:74 (Spain); Dollfuss, 1993a:693 (Central African Republic:
Kembe); Hohmann, La Roche, Ortega, and Barquín, 1993:220 (detailed records
from Canary Islands); Simon Thomas and Wiering, 1993:404 (listed); Torregrosa,
Gayubo, Tormos, and Asís, 1993:18 (Spain: Alicante Province); Madl,
1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy
Boraha Sphecidae).
(nec which = ?). Holotype (or syntypes): Egypt
(Napoli). Richards, 1928a:361 (as synonym of Notogonia memnonia);
de Beaumont, 1961f:235 (study of type).. Holotype: , Egypt: no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized
with Notogonia nigricans by R. Turner, 1917b:319. – nec
Antiga and Bofill, 1904:10, Mercet, 1910b:165, Berland, 1921, and Bernard,
1934a:62 (= Liris festinans praetermissa); Morice, 1911:97 (Algeria:
Alger, Biskra), 1921:79 (Iraq: Amara); Dollfuss, 1989:10 (type material
in NHMW).
, . Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: Antananarivo or Anosibé in Bezanozano Province, or Imerina
Province (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:116 (specific locality
not mentioned). – R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands). As
Motes nigricans reticulata: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar),
1961d:116 (Madagascar). As Liris nigricans reticulata:
Arnold, 1945:132 (Madagascar: Bekily). As Liris nigricans
var. reticulata: Arnold, 1951:160 (Ethiopia: Dilla).,
(as Jugurthae, incorrect original capitalization). Lectotype:
, "Algeria: Boghari, Biskra",
correctly: Tunisia: Tunis (Genova), designated by de Beaumont, 1950e:263.
Synonymized with Liris nigricans by Guiglia, 1937:186. –
de Beaumont, 1950e:263 (synonymy confirmed). . Holotype or syntypes: , Cameroon: no specific locality (TMP).
Synonymized with Notogonia nigricans by Richards, 1928a:362,
and with Notogonia reticulata by Arnold, 1944:23. As
Notogonia palumbula: Kohl, 1906a:219 (new combination, Yemen:
Socotra Island); R. Turner, 1917b:319 (merely the tropical race of nigricans).
As Notogonidea nigricans, race palumbula:
Arnold, 1923b:243 (revision); Schouteden, 1930:91 (Zaire).. Holotype: , Seychelles Islands: Mahé (BMNH), a headless
specimen. Synonymized with Notogonia reticulata by R. Turner,
1911b:370.. Holotype or syntypes: , Tanzania: Mt. Kilimanjaro: Kibonoto (NRS).
Synonymized with Notogonidea nigricans palumbula by R. Turner,
1917b:319.. Lectotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG),
designated by Arnold, 1940:123. de Saussure, 1892:467 (Madagascar,
redescription); nec Arnold, 1929:394 (= Liris memnonius); Giordani
Soika, 1939c:101 (Eritrea: Asmara). As Motes radialis:
Arnold, 1940:123 (synonymy); Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:114
(Madagascar, illegal designation of lectotype). As Leptolarra
radialis: Guiglia, 1939d:76 (Ethiopia: Sidamo: Malca Guba).
– As Liris radialis: Arnold, 1945:127 (Madagascar:
redescription and interpretation of the species); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:247 (listed). (as Radamae, incorrect original capitalization).
Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG).
Synonymized with Liris radialis by Leclercq, 1961d:114.
As Liris rqdamae: Arnold, 1945:127 (Madagascar, redescription,
as Radamae).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Province: Ihosy (MHNB). As Liris
sabrina: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (new combination, listed)., incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247
(listed). As Motes scabriuscula: Leclercq, 1961d:115
(Madagascar).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (listed). As Motes sepulchralis
hova: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:116 (Madagascar).
. Syntypes:
, South Africa: Natal: Port Natal (BMNH). As Notogonidea
solstitialis: Arnold, 1923b:238 (revision); Schouteden, 1930:92
(Zaire); Arnold, 1933a:352 (Ethiopia: Muger Valley). As Motes
solstitialis: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar).
As Liris solstitialis: Arnold, 1945:121 (Madagascar;
redescription; new combination), 1951:159 (Ghana: Aburi, Accra); de
Beaumont, 1961f:228 (revision), 1967b:508 (South Africa: Natal); R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:247 (listed)..
Lectotype: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:112.
Synonymized with Motes solstitialis by Leclercq, 1961d:112. –
de Saussure, 1892:502 (Madagascar, redescription). As Larra
femoralis: Kohl in Dalla Torre, 1897:667 (new combination,
listed)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Tanzania: Mt. Kilimanjaro: Kibonoto (NRS). Synonymized with Notogonidea
solstitialis by Arnold, 1923b:238.. Holotype: , Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Province: Infanadiana
(MHNB). – As Liris utopica: R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:248 (listed)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Tulear, now Toliara (ZMHU or SIF). – As Motes
voeltzkowii: Leclercq, 1960a:97 (new combination, forgotten
by Arnold, 1945). – As Liris voeltzkowii: R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:248 (listed).,
, incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily, Fort Dauphin (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:248 (listed). – As Motes xanthoptera: Leclercq,
1960a:98 (new combination, Madagascar).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
– Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:108 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:299 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar).
, . Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – Arnold, 1945:135 (in key); Leclercq,
1960a:997 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:318 (listed); Lomholdt,
1985:86 (revision); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:38 (paratypes
in Bulawayo Museum).,
, incorrect original capitalization. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – Arnold, 1945:135 (in key); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:319 (listed); Lomholdt, 1985:79 (revision); Hancock,
Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:39 (paratype in Bulawayo Museum).
, . Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – Arnold, 1945:135 (in key); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:319 (listed); Lomholdt, 1985:98 (revision).
.
Lectotype: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN), designated by Leclercq, 1999b:156.
– As Neodasyproctus densepunctatus: Leclercq, 1954c:256
(new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419 (listed); Leclercq,
1999b:156 (in revision of genus). (as Ferrièrei, incorrect original
capitalization and diacritic mark). Holotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG).
Synonymized with Neodasyproctus densepunctatus by Leclercq,
1996b:156. – Leclercq, 1954c:256 (listed), 1961b:89 (Madagascar,
diagnostic characters); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419 (listed).
. Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Tamatave: Didy (FSAG)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Ambositra (MNHN). – As Neodasyproctus eburneopictus:
Leclercq, 1954c:256 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:419 (listed); Leclercq, 1999b:158 (in revision of genus)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Fianarantsoa: Isalo National Park: Analalva (FSAG). . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). –
As Neodasyproctus protensus: Leclercq, 1954c:256 (new
combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:419 (listed); Leclercq,
1999b:159 (in revision of genus).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Fianarantsoa: Vohiparara (FSAG)..
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – As Neodasyproctus
striolatus: Leclercq, 1954c:256 (new combination, listed); R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:419 (listed); Leclercq, 1999b:160 (in revision
of genus).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bezanozano Province:
Anosibé (MHNG). – Dalla Torre, 1897:640 (in catalog of world Sphecidae);
Arnold, 1945:187 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar),
1961d:118 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:367 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:120 (Madagascar).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). –
Leclercq, 1961d:118 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:369 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar)..
Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG). – Dalla Torre,
1897:648 (in catalog of world Sphecidae); Arnold, 1945:188 (Madagascar;
redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:118 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:369 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar);
Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of
Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Lectotype:
, Madagascar: Behara (MNHN), designated by Pulawski, 1977b:639. –
Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:281 (listed);
Pulawski, 1977b:639 (revision); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar).
. Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:281 (listed);
Pulawski, 1977b:635 (revision).
.
Holotype:
, Zimbabwe: Bulawayo: Hillside (SAM). – Arnold, 1945:180 (Madagascar:
Bekily). – As Crossocerus sociabilis: Leclercq, 1954c:220
(new combination, type of new subgenus Pericrabro), 304 (nest
and prey records); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:403 (listed); Rodgers and
Homewood, 1982:233 (Tanzania: Usambara Mountains). – As Pericrabro
sociabilis: Leclercq, 2000b:160 (new combination, discussion
of generic position).
(actually ). Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). – de Saussure, 1892:535
(Madagascar; redescription, as ); Arnold, 1945:16 (Madagascar); Leclercq,
1962b:209 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:564 (listed; as bimaculus),
565 (footnote: nomenclatorical history); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar,
as bimaculus).
. Syntypes:
, Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). Synonymized with Philanthus bimacula
by W. Schulz, 1911b:173.,
(incorrectly referred to as published in
de Saussure, 1891). Syntypes: Madagascar: Imerina Province: no specific
locality (MHNG). Primary homonym of Philanthus petiolatus Spinola,
1841 (now in Trachypus).
, . (as Radamae, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN). –
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar);
Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:39 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).
, Africa: no specific locality, probably Algeria (Linnean Society, London).
Suppressed by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1990,
Opinion 1578. – Gmelin, 1790:2758 (redescription); Christ, 1791:241
(redescription, as ruspatris); de Saussure, 1855:105 (not a vespid);
Day, 1979:71 (study of holotype; possibility of suppression of the name
in favor of triangulum); Day and Fitton, 1978:194 (recuration
of Linnean type material); Pulawski, 1988b:34 (petition to ICZN to suppress
the name). – As Philanthus ruspatrix: Menke, 1986b:21
(quotation of Day, 1979:71); Vikberg, 1986:78 (Finland).
, Denmark: Copenhagen (ZMK), see van der Vecht, 1961a:61. Synonymized
with Philanthus ruspatrix by Day, 1779:71 and 80. Conserved by
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1990, Opinion 1578.
– Gmelin, 1790:2758 (redescription); van der Vecht, 1961a:61 (study
of type); Pulawski, 1988b:34 (petition to ICZN to conserve the name).
– As Philanthus triangulum: Fabricius, 1790:224 (new
combination), 1793:289 (redescription), 1804:302 (redescription); Thunberg,
1815a:127 (diagnostic characters), 131 (redescription), 1815b:288 (diagnostic
characters); Shuckard, 1837a:246 (in revision of British Aculeata);
von Siebold, 1839:53 (Germany: Danzig, now Poland: Gdansk);
Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:35 (revision); Eversmann, 1849:398
(Russia: Orenburg province and lower Volga area); Wesmael, 1852:268
(Belgium); Kawall, 1854:312 (Czechoslovakia); F. Smith, 1856:468 (listed);
Kirchner, 1857:24 (Kurland, now Latvia); Ruthe and Stein, 1857:314 (Germany:
Berlin area); Taschenberg, 1858:83 (Germany); Brischke, 1862:102 (Germany:
Preussen Province, now Poland: Pomorze); Wierzejski, 1868 (Poland: Kraków,
Pieniny Mts.; Ukraine: Lvov); A. Costa, 1869b:112 (in revision of Italian
Philanthinae); Aichinger, 1870:316 (Austria: Tirol); Thomson,
1870:241 (in revision of Swedish wasps); Ivanov, 1872:152 (Ukraine:
Kharkov area); Bieletskij, 1873:80 (Ukraine: Kharkov area); Wierzejski,
1874:260 (Poland: Kraków; Ukraine: Lvov, Podole); Marquet, 1875:204
(France: Haute-Garonne: Toulouse); Taschenberg, 1875:404 (Germany: Halle;
Italy: La Spezia; Egypt: no specific locality); Frivaldszky, 1876:354
(Hungary: Temes Komitat: Grebenácz, now in Timis
District in Romania); Schlechtendal, 1876:54 (Germany: Zwickau); Radoszkowski,
1877:52 (Uzbekistan?: Obburden); De Stefani Perez, 1882:39 (Italy:
Sicilia: Sciacca); A. Costa, 1883a:57 (Italy: Sardegna); Wüstnei, 1886:40
(Germany: Schleswig-Holstein); Brischke, 1888b:98 (Poland: Pomorze);
Radoszkowski, 1888a:324 (male genitalia); Kohl, 1891:365 (listed); Radoszkowski,
1891:579 (reference to Radoszkowski, 1888a); Kohl, 1883e:183 (Egypt:
Cairo); Baldini, 1894:61 (Italy: Modena area); De Stefani Perez, 1894:216
(Italy: Sicilia); Krieger, 1894:13 (Germany: Kingdom of Saxony); De
Stefani Perez, 1895:227 (in catalog of Sicilian Hymenoptera); Lüderwaldt,
1897:31 (Poland: Pomorze); Ferton, 1899:336 (stinging prey just behind
mouth); E. Saunders, 1902b:143 (British Channel Islands); Antiga
and Bofill, 1904:22 (Spain: Cataluña Province); Aurivillius, 1904:272
(in revision of Swedish Sphecidae); E. Saunders, 1904c:607 (Spain: Mayorca),
639 (Spain); Zilahy Kiss, 1904:77 (Hungary); W. Schulz, 1905b:61 (Tunisia);
von Heyden, 1905:82 (Germany: Hessen); Kohl, 1906a:203 (Yemen: Aden,
Makalla); de Gaulle, 1908:120 (in catalog of French Hymenoptera); Kohl,
1909:373 (Tanzania: Mafia Island); Graeffe, 1911:47 (Italy: Trieste
area); Morice, 1911:93 (Algeria: abundant everywhere); Birula, 1912:544
(Ukraine: Radomysl near Kiev); Schirmer, 1912:168 (Germany: Berlin area);
Bouvier, 1916:205 (males burrows; gregarious nocturnal sites); R. Turner,
1918c:463 (synonymy, distribution: the whole Ethiopian Region); Strand,
1920:23 (Germany: Berlin-Dahlem); Morice, 1921:77 (Iran: Enzeli, Talish);
Gennerich, 1922:42 (morphology); Maidl, 1922:69 (Albania, Croatia);
Shestakov, 1922:82 (Russia: Stavropol' area); Alfken, 1924:231 (N Germany);
Maidl, 1924:243 (Sudan: Sennar); Berland, 1925d:45 (in Sphecid Fauna
of France); Grandi, 1926:283 (life history); Hémon, 1926:199 (France:
Finistère: Fouesnant); von Schulthess, 1926b:212 (Algeria, Tunisia,
Libya); Wouro, 1927:312 (apicultural pest); Grandi, 1928a:13 (nesting
in hard soil, nest entrance closed when the female is inside with prey);
Mellor, 1928:126 (preying at honey bee at Ghiza, Egypt), 129 (Egypt);
Schouteden, 1930:93 (Zaire); Bischoff, 1931:9 (Spain); Berland, 1932a:23
(France: Var Department; utilizing old charcoal preparation sites for
nesting); Giordani Soika, 1932a:21 (Italy: Lido di Venezia); Thiem,
1932:173 (mass outbreak and threat to apiculture in Werra Valley, Germany);
Tinbergen, 1932:305 (life history, homing); Bernard, 1933:61 (France:
Drôme: Dieulefit); Nadig, 1933:95 (Morocco); Thiem, 1933:121 (threat
to apiculture in Werra Valley, Germany); Giner Marí, 1934:131 (Spain);
Maidl, 1934:64 (Greece: Aegean Islands: Samos, Amorgos); Thiem, 1934:13,
43 (pest control); Bernard, 1935:62 (France: Var: Fréjus area); Goetze,
1935:304 (pest control); Hausmann, 1935:150 (mass outbreak in Düren
District, Germany); Körner, 1935:274 (mass outbreak and damage to apiculture);
Pelzer, 1935:310 (mass outbreak in Dinslaken District, Germany); Rudiger,
1935:57 (mass outbreak in Germany and Holland); Thiem, 1935a:348 (end
of mass outbreak in Werra Valley, Germany), 1935b:112 (apicultural pest);
Tinbergen, 1935:699 (analysis of preying behavior); Crèvecoeur and Maréchal,
1936:254 (Belgium); Pelzer, 1936:41 (description of morphology and nesting
behavior); Roller, 1936:315 (Austria: loess cliffs at Bisamberg near
Vienna); Guiglia, 1938:8 (Italy: Sardegna); Tinbergen and Kruyt, 1938:292
(study of spacial orientation); Balthasar, 1941b:112 (Czech Republic:
eastern Moravia); Bræstrup and Nielsen, 1941: (Denmark); Leclercq, 1941b:13
(Belgium: Liège area); Guiglia, 1942a:55 (Greece: Rhodes Island); Audcent,
1942:25 (parasites: Metopia leucocephala Rossi, Sphecapata
conica Fallén); Giner Marí, 1943a:111 (in Sphecid Fauna of Spain);
Guiglia, 1943a:69 (Albania); Timon-David, 1943:29 (France: plage de
Fos); Guiglia, 1944a:145 (Cyprus; also var. diadema Fabr.), 1944b:10
(Italy); Leclercq, 1944:264 (variation in population levels in Belgium);
Arnold, 1945:15 (Madagascar); de Beaumont, 1947b:384 (Cyprus); Guiglia,
1947a:28 (Italy), 1948c:200 (Italy: Sardegna); de Andrade, 1949:12 (Portugal);
Niesiolowski, 1950:225 (Poland: Lubasz 40 km N Tarnów); Scobiola,
1950:18 (Romania); de Beaumont, 1951c:302 (revision), 1951h:32 (Switzerland:
Neuchâtel area); Leclercq, 1951b:67 (yellow body pigments are pterines);
Caruel, 1952a:62 (France: Marne Department); Hirschfelder, 1952a (preying
behavior); Cleu, 1953:50 (France: Ardèche River basin); Glowacki,
1953:520 (Poland: Warszawa area: Podkowa Lesna, Choszczówka); Leclercq,
1953a:249 (Belgium: particularly abundant about 1900, but infrequent
between 1940 and 1952); Móczár, 1953:309 (Hungary); Bischoff and Stadler,
1954:127 (Germany: Bayern: Romberg); Grandi, 1954:236 (Italy); Aerts,
1955:63 (Germany: Rheinland; life history); Steiner, 1955:136 (France:
Dordogne); Bytinski-Salz, 1956:224 (Turkey); Hirschfelder, 1956:96 (mass
outbreak in Franken, Germany and its control); Leclercq, 1956g:325 (Greece);
de Beaumont, 1957b:131 (n. Iran); Evans, 1957b:84 (discussion of larval
characters); Grandi, 1957:387 (Italy); Pulawski, 1958a:165 (Bulgaria;
diagnostic characters); Compte Sart, 1959:131 (Spain: Mayorca); de Beaumont,
1959a:11 (Italy); Suárez, 1959:54 (Spain: Almería Province); van der
Vecht, 1959a:67 (Sphex xanthocephalus Forster, 1771, is the oldest
name for the species [actually, it is a junior synonym of Cerceris
arenaria]); Wolf, 1959b:31 (Germany: Nassau); de Beaumont, 1960a:6
(Greece: Rhodes Island); Leclercq, 1960b:130 (massive expansion in 1930s
was followed by regression between 1940 and 1952); de Beaumont, 1961b:273
(Afghanistan), 1961c:45 (Greece: Crete Island), 1961e:3 (Iraq); Grandi,
1961:161 (life history), 477 (larva); Hoop, 1961:66 (Germany: Schleswig-Holstein);
Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar); van der Vecht, 1961a:61 (study of
type); Leclercq, 1962b:210 (Madagascar); de Beaumont, 1962b:20 (Spain);
Erlandsson, 1962:208 (distribution in Scandinavia); Pohl, 1963:14 (an
apicultural pest); Scobiola-Palade, 1963:825 (Romania); Babiy, 1964:117
(Austria: Land Salzburg); de Beaumont, 1965a:18 (Greece); B. Klug, 1965:138
(Germany: Rheinland); Roberti, Frilli, and Pizzaghi, 1965:109 (Italy);
Piek, 1966a:191-198 (venom); Scobiola-Palade, 1966b:391 (Romania); Balthasar,
Hrubant, and Hrubant, 1967:174 (Bulgaria: Slanchev Bryag near Nessebar);
de Beaumont, 1967a:277 (Turkey); Heinrich, 1967:70 (Germany: Niederfranken);
Niedl and Deneš, 1967:84 (Czechoslovakia); Scobiola-Palade, 1967a:161
(Romania), 1967b:39 (Romania); Benedek, 1968:71 (Hungary; floral records);
Scobiola-Palade, 1968b:141 (Romania), 1968c:382 (Romania); de Beaumont,
1969:81 (Turkey); Benedek, 1969a:83 (Hungary; marshy meadow); Dathe,
1969:439 (Germany: Berlin); Romanova, 1969:133 (Russia: North Caucasus);
Simon Thomas, 1969b (collection specimens for venom production); Zangheri,
1969:1700 (Italy); de Beaumont, 1970a:396 (Afghanistan), 1970c:4 (Iran:
Khorassan); Benedek, 1970:96 (Hungary: Tapolca); Oehlke, 1970:679 (Democratic
Germany); Dathe, 1971:234 (Germany: Berlin; phenology); Hoop, 1971:83
(Germany: Schleswig-Holstein); Piek, Mantel, and Engels, 1971:317-331
(venom causing neuromuscular block); Schmidt, 1971b:24 (Germany: Mainz
area); Stritt, 1971:104 (Germany: Karlsruhe); Valetta, 1971:46 (Malta);
Vegter, 1971:229 (Netherlands: Drenthe Province); Zonderwijk, 1971:79
(Netherlands); Atanassov, 1972a:191 (Bulgaria), 1972b:32, 48, 53 (Bulgaria);
Balthasar, 1972:381 (Czechoslovakia; revision); Kazenas, 1972b:123 (Kazakhstan);
Myartseva, 1972b:106 (parasite: Senotainia pygmaea (Rondani));
Scobiola-Palade, 1972a:149 (Romania), 1972b:251 (Romania); Simon Thomas,
1972:176 France); Simon Thomas and Poorter, 1972:141 (male behavior);
Simon Thomas and Simon Thomas, 1972:123 (nesting behavior); Leclercq,
1973d:166 (regression in Belgium following cold winter of 1942); Simon
Thomas and Simon Thomas Heijmans, 1973:64 (Netherlands; life history);
Wolf, 1973:41 (Germany: Siegerländer Hüttensand); Erlandsson, 1974:61
(France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Spain); Simon Thomas, 1974:56 (Netherlands:
Limburg); Simon Thomas and Veenendaal, 1974b:3 (France); Benedek, 1975:257
(Hungary; onion pollination); Lomholdt, 1975c:31 (Denmark); Piek and
Nijo, 1975:199-201 (venom causing neuromuscular block in honeybee);
Abdul Rassoul, 1976:31 (Iraq); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed);
Simon Thomas, 1976:3 (France: Lot-et-Garonne); Simon Thomas and Simon
Thomas, 1976:1-23 (Egypt: Dakhla oasis; life history); Georghiou, 1977:191
(Cyprus); Haeseler, 1977a:23 (Federal Germany), 1977b:289-292 (NW Germany);
Kolesnikov, 1977:317 (Russian Federation: Bryansk Oblast'); Cruysbergh,
1978:97 (Netherlands); Erlandsson, 1978b:131-134 (Sweden); Guichard,
1978:270 (Greece); Haeseler, 1978b:63 (Federal Germany; bog); Kazenas,
1978b:46 (in key to Sphecidae of Kazakhstan and Central Asia); Leclercq,
1978b:map 1193 (distribution in Belgium); Marion, 1978:86 (France: Nièvre
Department); Petit, 1978:86 (Belgium); Simon Thomas and Simon Thomas,
1978:450-456 (life history); Simon Thomas and Veenendaal, 1978:3-8 (underground
activity); Schwammberger, 1978:416 (Germany: Württemberg); Lefeber,
1979:33 (Netherlands: distribution); May and Piek, 1979:685 (venom causes
neuromuscular block in locust skeletal muscle); Richards, 1979:402 (British
Channel Islands); Schmidt, 1979a:54 (Germany: Ost-Holstein), 1979b:298
(Federal Germany); Schwammberger, 1979:114 (Germany: Nordrhein-Westfalen:
Gildehauser Venn Nature Reserve); Borg-Karlson and Tengö, 1980:828 (pyrazines
as marking volatiles); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:122 (specimens
in M. Spinola collection); Pagliano, 1980:124 (Italy: Piemonte, Sicilia);
Piek, Mantel, and Jas, 1980:345 (venom causes ion-channel block in insect
muscle fibre membrane); Wollin, 1980:107 (Sweden); Gess, 1981:21 (South
Africa: 18 km WNW Grahamstown; nesting in clayey friable soils); Heath
and Leclercq, 1981: map 17 (distribution in Europe); Józan, 1981:304
(Hungary: Hortobágy National Park); Woydak, 1981:39 (Germany: Westfalen:
Hamm); Clark, Donaldson, Gration, Lambert, Piek, Ramsey, Spanjer, and
Userwood, 1992:105 (block of locust muscle glutamate receptors by d-philanthotoxin);
Donath, 1982:212 (Germany: Cottbus Bezirk); Dunbar and Piek, 1982:79-84
(action of venom on insect visceral muscle); Gayubo, 1982e:109 (Spain:
Cadiz Province); Leclercq, 1982a:125 (Belgium: Li?ge); Piek, 1982:311
(effects and components of venom); Piek, Spanjer, Veldsema-Currie, van
Groen, de Haan, and Mantel, 1982:159-164 (effect of venom on cockroach
abdominal ganglia); van Marle, Piek, Lind, and van Weeren-Kramer,
1982:343 (venom reducing glutamate uptake in nerve endings of locusts
muscles); Dollfuss, 1983b:24 (Austria); Gayubo, 1983e:236 (Spain: Salamanca
Province); Piek, Buitenhuis, Veldsema-Currie, and Mantel, 1983:153-159
(venom contains acetylcholine, but no histamine); Riemann, 1983:83 (Germany:
Bremen-Daverden area); Schmidt and Westrich, 1983:125 (Greece); Burger,
de Goffau, and Ulenberg, 1984:147 (Netherlands); Chevin and Silvestre
de Sacy, 1984:10 (France: Yvelines Department); Gayubo, 1984c:382 (Portugal:
El Algarve Province); Gayubo and Tormos, 1984:23 (Spain: Valencia);
Haack, Tscharntke, and Vidal, 1984:132 (Germany: Hamburg area); Janzon
and Svensson, 1984:183 (Sweden: Öland Island); Piek, Hue, Pelhate, David,
Spanjer, and Veldsema-Currie, 1984:297-306 (philanthotoxin blocking
postsynaptic membrane); Schmidt and Westrich, 1984:240 (Federal Germany:
Rheinland-Pfalz: Bad Münster); Archer, 1985b:156 (Britain: Suffolk);
Chevin and Chevin, 1985:39 (France: Aude); de Man, 1985:23 (Netherlands);
Gayubo, 1985a:489 (prey: Apis mellifera Linnaeus); Eiroa
and Novoa, 1985:23 (Spain: Pontevedra: Barra beach near Cangas); Haeseler,
1985c:571 (Federal Germany: Friesian Islands); Józan, 1985b:62 (Hungary
S Lake Balaton), 82 (floral records), 85 (ecological and zoogeographic
characteristics); Koster, 1985:75 (Netherlands: common along railways);
Lefeber, 1985:87 (Netherlands: southern Limburg); Nilsson, 1985:43 (Sweden);
Scobiola-Palade, 1985:95 (Romania: delta of Danube); Gayubo, 1986a:66
(Spain: Ciudad Real Province), 1986b:41 (Spain: Andalucía), 1986d:122
(Spain: Zamora Province), 1986f:1002 (prey); Gayubo and Sanza, 1986:84
(Spain: Burgos, Soria); Gayubo and Tormos, 1986a:19 (Spain: Castellón
de la Plana); Islamov, 1986:518 (Uzbekistan: Tashkent Oblast); Józan,
1986:374 (Hungary: Kiskunság National Park); Piek, 1986b:190 (morphological
and physiological differences between triangulum triangulum
and triangulum abdelcader); Piek and Mantel, 1986:433
(differences in venom between Dutch and Egyptian populations); Pagliano,
1987:159 (Italy, in key); Scobiola-Palade, 1987:65 (Romania: Dobrogea);
Schmidt and Westrich, 1987: (Federal Germany: Mainz area); Tormos and
Jiménez, 1987a:127 (Spain: Valencia Province), 1987b:317 (Spain: Valencia
Province: Dehesa de El Saler); Veenendaal, 1987:169 (parasite: Hedychrum
rutilans Dahlbom); Asís and Jiménez, 1988:276 (Spain: Castellón
Province); Chevin, 1988:16 (France: La Manche Department); Dollfuss,
1988:19, 30 (Austria: Bisamberg near Vienna; Niederösterreich: Oberweiden);
Karsai, 1988:101 (Hungary: Kiskunság National Park); Kowalczyk, 1988a:45
(Poland: Rogów) Kowalczyk, 1988b:64 (Poland: environs of Lódz);
Pagliano, 1988:138 (Italy, revision); Pulawski, 1988:34 (petition
to ICZN to preserve the name); Riemann, 1988:223 (Germany: Bremen area);
Wolf, 1988:143 (Germany: Rheinland-Westfalen); Archer, 1989b:232 (Great
Britain: Suffolk); Borsato, 1989:201 (Italy: Lombardia: Busatello marsh);
Hamon, 1989:45 (support of petition to ICZN to preserve the name); Jacobs,
1989:28 (Germany: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern); Józan, 1989:102 (Hungary:
Tihany Natural Reserve); Lomholdt, 1989:45 (support of petition to ICZN
to preserve the name); Pádr in Sedivy, 1989a:166 (in checklist
of Czechoslovakian Sphecidae); Scobiola-Palade, 1989:87 (Romania: delta
of Danube); Weiffenbach, 1989:107 (Germany: Hessen: Gießen area); Barbier,
Rasmont, and Wahis, 1990:32 (Belgium: Hainaut); Gayubo, Asís, and Tormos,
1990b:80 (Spain); Jacobs and Oehlke, 1990:215 (new records from Democratic
Germany); Schmidt, McDaniel, and Simon Thomas, 1990:2135 (chemistry
of male mandibular gland secretions); Kowalczyk, 1990:290 (Poland: Góry
Swietokrzyskie); Pagliano, 1990:95 (in
catalog of Italian Sphecidae); Riemann and Melber, 1990:120 (Calluna-meadows);
Rohe, 1990:1049 (Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz: Lenneberg forest); Schwammberger
and Priesner, 1990:553 (Austria: Kärtnen); Day, 1991:xviii (summary
of European Endangered Hymenoptera Lists); Archer, 1991a:34 (Great Britain:
Isle of Wight); Gayubo, 1991a:127 (characteristics of the species);
Gayubo, Borsato, and Osella, 1991:419 (Italy); Gayubo and Torres, 1991:Table
I and p. 81 (Spain: Salamanca; effects of urban pressure); Guichard,
1991a:338 (Jordan); Jacobs, 1991:46 (Germany: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern:
Nature Reserve Elbtaldünen); Jakubzik, 1991:74 (Germany: Köln); Józan,
1991:605 (Hungary: Bátorliget Nature Reserve); Karst and Piek, 1991:479
(action of philanthotoxins); Karst, Piek, Van Marle, Lind, and Weeren-Kramer,
1991:471 (action of philanthotoxins); Kuhlmann et al., 1991:92 (Germany:
Senne Region); Negrisolo, 1991:323 (Italy: Gorizia, Trieste, and Venezia
Provinces); Schembri, 1991:177 (Malta); Benson, Schürmann, Kaufmann,
Gsell, and Piek, 1992:267 (action of philanthotoxins); H.-J.Schulz,
1991:30 (Germany: Oberlausitz: 5 km SW Wittichenau); Gayubo, Borsato,
and Osella, 1992:290 (Greece, Spain); Gunnardo, 1992:59 (Sweden: Varmländ);
Haeseler, 1992:354 (possibly not native on Frisean Islands); Józan,
1992a:230 (Hungary: Béda-Karapancsa Protected Area); Archer, 1993:46
(Great Britain: Channel Islands); Else, 1993a:163 (southern England);
Gorobchishin, 1993:47 (Ukraine: Kanev Nature Reserve); Kuhlmann, 1993:76
(Germany: known from Westfalen); Luchetti, 1993:105 (Italy: Sardegna:
Maddalena archipelago); Schuberth and Schönitzer, 1993:264 (facial fovea
not found); Torregrosa, Gayubo, Tormos, and Asís, 1993:20 (Spain: Alicante
Province); Archer, 1994b:104 (British Channel Islands); Blagoveshchenskaya,
1994:91 (Russia: Ul'yanovsk Oblast'); Gayubo and Borsato, 1994:219 (Italy:
Valle d'Aosta, Liguria, Veneto, Toscana, Sardegna); Gess and Gess, 1994:100
(visiting flowers of Aspalathus linearis); Guichard, 1994a:209
(Arabian Peninsula); Schmid-Egger, 1994a:688 (Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz:
Höllenberg near Grünstadt); Tormos, Asís, and Gayubo, 1994:190, 225
(Spain: Albacete Province); Baumgarten, 1995:35 (parasite: Hedychrum
rutilans, a chrysidid); Else, 1995a:24 (records from southern England
for 1993), 1995b:205 (records from southern England for 1994); Józan,
1995:105 (Hungary: projected Duna-Dráva National Park); Krasnobayev
et al., 1995:139 (Russia: Zhiguli Hills NW Samara); Negrisolo, 1995:18
(visiting flowers of Eryngium maritimum L.), 19 (visiting flowers
of Echinophora spinosa L.), 22 (Italy: Veneto); Pagliano and
Pesarini, 1995:92 (Italy: Ferrara Province); Schmid-Egger, Risch, and
Niehuis, 1995:187 (color photograph), 205 (summary of records from Germany:
Rheinland-Pfalz Province); Archer, 1996a:59 (Great Britain: Channel
Islands); S. Gess, 1996:269, 294 (floral records); Harvey and Plant,
1996:81 (Great Britain: summary of records from Essex); Jakubzik, 1996:253
(Germany: Köln); Jakubzik and Cölln, 1996b:400 (Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz);
Pawlikowski and Kruszynski, 1996:87 (Poland: Torun Basin); Schmid-Egger, Schmidt,
and Doczkal, 1996:378 (Germany: Baden-Württemberg: not endangered);
Voblenko, Gorobchishin, and Nesterov, 1996:15 (Ukraine: Polesye Region);
Minoranskiy and Shkuratov, 1996:81 (Russia: Rostov Oblast'); Witt, 1996:106
(Germany: Brandenburg); Woydak, 1996:98 (Germany: Westfalen: summary
of distribution and life history); Wu and Zhou, 1996:162 (revision in
Economic Insect Fauna of China); Bitsch, Barbier, Gayubo, Schmidt, and
Ohl, 1997:292 (in Sphecid Fauna of Western Europe); Hansen, 1997:189
(southeastern Norway, first country records); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar:
Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae); Schmidt
and Schmid-Egger, 1997:26 (in checklist of German Sphecidae); Strohm
and Linsenmair, 1997a:423 (more sons are produced when prey is restricted),
1997b:23 (minimum prey number to produce a daughter is three; smaller
females produce more sons); Dollfuss, Gusenleitner, and Bregant, 1998:525
(Austria: summary of collecting records from Burgenland); Drewes, 1998:49
(Germany: Niedersachsen: Goldbeck 26 km WSW Hamburg); Jakubzik, Schlüter,
and Cölln, 1998:1182, 1184 (Germany: Rheinland-Pfalz); Strohm and Linsenmair,
1998:330 (females produce more sons than daughters, regardless of weather
conditions); Herrmann, 1999:7 (Germany: Niedersachsen: Oldenburg area;
habitats size); Pauly, 1999:111 (in catalog of Belgian aculeates); Zehnder
and Zettel, 1999:131 (Switzerland: recolonization of flooded area in
Valais Canton).
(as Allionii , incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or
syntypes: ,
Prussia (depository?). Synonymized with Philanthus triangulum
by Kohl, 1891:366 (or an earlier author?). – Dalla Torre, 1897:492
(in catalog of world Sphecidae, as allwini); de Beaumont, 1953h:197
(type material not represented in Dahlbom's collection in Lund).
, (as Abdelcader, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Algeria: Oran (MNHN?). – Lucas, 1849:257
(Algeria; as Abdelkader), 1880:CXXXVII (Egypt: Ramlé near Alexandria);
Girard, 1881:CXXVIII (Algeria: Palestro; pest of honeybee); Kohl, 1891:366
(as synonym of Philanthus triangulum); Roth, 1917:63 (nesting
behavior, as abdelkader); Lhéritier, 1946:28 (Morocco: Marrakech;
life history; as Abd-el-Kader); Bradley, 1957:49
(Lepeletier's specimens in Turin); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:122
(specimens in M. Spinola collection, as abdel-kader). –
As Trachypus abdel-kader: Casolari and Casolari Moreno,
1980:122 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). – As Philanthus
diadema var. abdelkader: Gribodo, 1880:400 (Tunisia);
A. Costa, 1893b:8 (Tunisia); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48
(Madagascar: Antananarivo). – As Philanthus triangulum
f. abdelkader: Balthasar, 1954b:279 (Palestine: Jerusalem
and Jericho); – As Philanthus triangulum abdelcader:
Mochi, 1939a:90 (Egypt; as Philanthus triangulum var.
Abdelkader); de Beaumont, 1949b:180 (North Africa; revision),
1950f:396 (Algeria, Morocco), 1953g:118 (Morocco), 1956a:183 (Libya);
Guiglia, 1957:144 (Italy: Isole Pelagie); de Beaumont and Bytinski-Salz,
1959:141 (Israel); de Beaumont, 1960b:229 (Libya), 1966:211 (Egypt:
Abukir); Krombein, 1969a:8 (preying on honeybee in Egypt); Myartseva,
1972a:91 (Turkmenistan); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed); Guichard,
1980:230; Pagliano and Scaramozzino, 1995:730 (Italy: Island of Lampedusa).
(as bimaculatum, incorrect original termination). Syntypes: Kenya:
Nairobi and Lumbwa (MNHN). – As Philanthus triangulum bimaculatus:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:566 (listed)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU). – Kohl, 1891:364 (listed);.
Objective synonym of Philanthus frontalis Gerstaecker, 1858.. Holotype or syntypes: , South Africa: Transvaal: no specific locality
(TMP). Synonymized with Philanthus triangulum diadema by Brauns,
1917:241.
(as argentatus, incorrect original termination). Holotype or
syntypes: ,
Mauritius: no specific locality (OXUM?). – F. Smith, 1856:314 (listed);
R. Turner, 1916g:594 (in key), 619 (revision); Casolari and Casolari
Moreno, 1980:114 (specimens in M. Spinola collection); D. Baker,
1998:173 (type origin and depository). – As Pison argentatum:
Kohl, 1885a:186 (listed); de Saussure, 1892:528 (Madagascar, redescription);
Bingham, 1897:220 (redescription); R. Turner, 1911b:371 (Seychelles
Islands); Bordage, 1912:32 (Isle of Réunion: life history, occasional
cleptoparasitism using nests of Sceliphron hemipterum, now fuscum);
Kohl in Bordage, 1912:86 (description of ); R. Perkins, 1912:727 (introduced into
Hawaiii); Maidl, 1924:234 (Sudan: Atbara), 1925a:390 (Indonesia: Sumatra);
F. Williams, 1927:438 (makes little cells of mud); Swezey, 1942:185
(Guam, life history); Arnold, 1945:3 (Madagascar; in key); Krombein,
1949b:384 (in key to Sphecidae of Micronesia), 403 (diagnostic characters;
Mariana and Caroline Islands), 1950b:139 (additional Micronesian localities);
Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles); Evans, 1957b:98 (larva); Yoshimoto,
1960:334 (Hawaiian Islands); Tsuneki, 1963c:11 (Thailand); Iwata, 1964b:374
(nesting behavior in Thailand); Yoshimoto, 1965:291 (nesting); Tsuneki,
1974b:636 (Thailand); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:335 (listed); Tsuneki,
1983a:89 (Philippines; taxonomic comments), 102 (in key); Madl, Matyot,
and Schödl, 1996:832 (Seychelles Islands). – As Pisonitus
argentatus: F. Smith:1869a:298 (new combination, in checklist
of Pisonitus)..
Holotype or syntypes: Singapore (BMNH). Synonymized with Pison argentatum
by R. Turner, 1916g:619..
Holotype: ,
Philippines: Bacoor (USNM). Synonymized with Pison argentatum
by R. Turner, 1916g:619. – Ashmead, 1904d:150 (Philippines).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). –
Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:336
(listed)..
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:336 (listed).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Perinet (MNHN). – R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:336 (listed; misspelled minicum); Madl, 1997:820
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island, as mimicus), 821 (in checklist
of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae, as mimicus).
, (as Seyrigi, incorrect original spelling).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:336 (listed); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island),
821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Imerina (ZMHU or
SIF). – As Sphex tydei race madecassa:
Arnold, 1945:87 (Madagascar; new status); Leclercq, 1961d:106 (Madagascar,
as var. madecassa). – As Podalonia canescens madecassa:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:144 (new combination, listed).
.
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG). – R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:185 (listed). – As Passaloecus macilentus:
W. Schulz, 1911b:142 (new combination, redescription); Arnold, 1945:151
(Madagascar; revision); Leclercq, 1959a:50 (in key).
, India: Tamil Nadu: Tranquebar (ZMK). – Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau,
1845:334 (revision); F. Smith, 1856:252 (listed, probably a Brazilian
species); Taschenberg, 1869:411 (redescription based on specimens from
Brazil); nec Kohl, 1885b:198; Ed. André, 1888:150 (in revision of Sphecidae
of Europe and Algeria), 9* (bibliographic references); Cameron, 1889c:108
(listed), 112 (records from South America refer to a different species;
specimens described by Kohl, 1885b:198, are luteipennis); Kohl,
1889a:26 (specimens treated under this name by André, 1888, are several
species); Kohl, 1890:408 (as a variety of Sphex argentatus which
= Sphex diabolicus); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:102 (specimens
in M. Spinola collection). – As Sphex umbrosus var. rufipennis:
Ashmead, 1904d:150 (Philippines).,
Egypt: no specific locality (Torino), designated by Menke in Bohart
and Menke, 1976:133. – Taschenberg, 1869:412 (redescription, as
aegyptica); Kohl, 1885b:181 (in revision of Palearctic Sphex);
Ed. André, 1888:148 (in revision of Sphecidae of Europe and Algeria),
9* (bibliographic references); Cameron, 1889c:106 (listed); Kohl, 1889a:25
(comparison with Sphex subfuscatus); de Saussure, 1892:424 (Madagascar
and Mauritius, redescription); Kohl, 1883e:183 (Tanzania: Bagamoyo);
Bingham, 1897:245 (redescription); Kohl, 1906a:197 (Yemen: Aden), 1909:370
(Comoros); R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands); Maidl, 1913:560
(Egypt: Helwan); Strand, 1916b:102 (German East Africa); Maidl, 1924:246
(Sudan: Bara, Gullfan); Berland, 1926c:200 (miscellaneous locality records);
von Schulthess, 1927:299 (Iran: Bushehr); Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire);
Gussakovskij, 1933b:278 (Iran); Giordani Soika, 1939c:105 (Eritrea:
Asmara, as aegyptium); Berland, 1956:1169 (in revision of African
Sphecini); Bradley, 1957:40 (Lepeletier's specimens in Turin); Georghiou,
1977:191 (Cyprus); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:103 (specimens
in M. Spinola collection; as aegyptia). – As Priononyx
aegyptia: F. Smith, 1856:266 (new combination, listed). –
As Chlorion aegyptium: Arnold, 1928c:359 (revision); Scott
in Arnold, 1933a:370 (Ethiopia); Arnold, 1935b:1 and 8 (Mauritania:
Nema)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
India: Madras (BMNH). Synonymized with Sphex aegyptius Lepeletier
by Kohl, 1885b:181, and with Sphex rufipennis Fabricius by van
der Vecht, 1961a:34. – Magretti, 1883:249 (E Africa), 1884b:582
(Ethiopia: Metemma). – As Sphex crudelis: de Beaumont,
1949a:137 (Sphex crudelis, and not soror, is the correct
name for aegyptius Lepeletier, nec Linnaeus), 1950d:7 (Egypt:
Siwa oasis); Leclercq, 1955h:25 (bibliographic references, faunal records
from Africa); de Beaumont, 1960a:5 (Greece: Rhodes Island), 1961e:2
(Iraq); Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar); de Beaumont, 1962c:221 (Arabia:
Riyadh); Diniz, 1964b:237 (Guinea Bissau, redescription); de Beaumont,
1966:211 (Egypt: Abukir), 1967a:273 (Turkey), 1968b:149 (member of subfuscatus
species group); Guiglia, 1968:164 (Yemen); de Beaumont, 1970c:4 (Iran:
Khorassan); Erlandsson, 1974:58 (Greece); Kazenas, 1978b:41 (in key
to Sphecidae of Kazakhstan and Central Asia). – As Prionyx
crudelis: Myartseva, 1972a:84 (Turkmenistan); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:133 (listed); Guichard, 1988a:121 (Arabian Peninsula); Jha
and Farooqi, 1994:11 (description and illustration of male genitalia).. Holotype or syntypes: , Ethiopia: no specific locality (Kraków).
Synonymized with Sphex aegyptius by Ed. André, 1888:*9.
. Holotype: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (FSAG). – van Lith, 1974a:96 (probable
member of subgenus Psen), 98 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:629
(listed).
,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ranomafana,
Ivondro (MNHN). – Leclercq, 1961a:15 (listed), 1961d:117 (Madagascar);
van Lith, 1974a:56 (supplementary descripiton), 97 (probably member
of subgenus Punctipsen), 98 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:166
(listed). – As Pseneo madecassus: Budrys,
1988:109 (new combination).
.
Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro, Perinet, Ranomafana, Rogez (MNHN). –
Leclercq, 1961a:30 (Madagascar: Analandraraka, Mandaraka). – As
Psenulus alboscutellatus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:172 (listed)..
Holotype or syntypes:
, Madagascar: Imerina Province: no specific locality (MHNG). –
As Psenulus dilectus: W. Schulz, 1911b:141 (new combination,
redescription); Arnold, 1945:154 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq,
1961a:30 (listed), 1961d:117 (Madagascar); van Lith, 1974a:8 (diagnostic
characters), 98 (member of capensis species group), 99 (listed);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:172 (listed).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Ranomafana
(MNHN). – Arnold, 1945:154 (in key); Leclercq, 1961a:30 (listed,
Madagascar: Fort-Dauphin); van Lith, 1974a:69 (comparison with Psenulus
reticulosus), 99 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:152 (listed).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Perinet, Rogez (MNHN).
– Arnold, 1945:154 (in key); Leclercq, 1961a:30 (listed, Madagascar:
Mandaraka), 1961d:117 (Madagascar); van Lith, 1974a:70 (supplementary
description), 97 (closely related to Psenulus sapobaensis), 99
(listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:173 (listed).
, (as Ranosahae, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambositra, Ivondro, Rogez (MNHN).
– Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:102 (Madagascar). –
As Pseudoplisus ranosahae: R. Bohart in Bohart
and Menke, 1976:503 (new combination); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar);
Callan, 1991d:1612 (life history).
, . Syntypes: South Africa: Cape Province:
Mossel Bay (BMNH). – As Crabro ichneumoniformis:
Arnold, 1945:169 (Madagascar). – As Rhopalum ichneumoniforme:
Leclercq, 1954c:185 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:389 (listed).
, "Isle de France" (MNHN, coll.
Bosc), designated by van der Vecht, 1961a:43 (use of word "type").
– As Pelopaeus hemipterus: Fabricius, 1804:204 (new
combination, redescription); Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:311 (revision,
recorded from France); F. Smith, 1856:229 (listed); Casolari and Casolari
Moreno, 1980:101 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). – As
Sceliphron hemipterum: de Saussure, 1892:440 (Madagascar);
Pérez, 1895b:210 (Seychelles Islands); Cameron, 1907e:75 (Seychelles
Islands; redescritpion); Kohl, 1909:371 (Madagascar); Turner, 1911b:369
(Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:45 (Réunion Island: use of provisioned
nests by Pison argentatum), 68 (Réunion Island: life history);
R. Turner, 1919b:238 (New Caledonia); Kohl, 1918:108 (revision); Friederichs,
1918:30 (life history); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48
(Madagascar: Antananarivo, Diego Suarez); Arnold, 1945:86 (Madagascar);
Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1950:75 (Seychelles Islands; nesting behavior); Leclercq,
1953b:211 (Madagascar); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles); Leclercq,
1961d:106 (Madagascar); van der Vecht and van Breugel, 1968:237 (revision),
254 (hemipterum is invalid junior homonym).
, .
Syntypes: New Caledonia: no specific locality (MNHN). Synonymized with
Sceliphron hemipterum by van der Vecht and van Breugel, 1968:237.
– Vachal, 1908:23 (New Caledonia); Kohl, 1918:138 (original description
copied).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). –
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:313 (listed); Lomholdt, 1985:54 (revision);
Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:39
(paratypes in Bulawayo Museum).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). –
Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:313 (listed);
Lomholdt, 1985:56 (revision); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:39
(paratypes in Bulawayo Museum).
(as Grandidieri, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype
or syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN). – de Saussure, 1892:463
(Madagascar). – As Sphecius grandidieri: Handlirsch,
1895:958 (new combination; redescription); Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascar:
Toliara); Arnold, 1945:67 (Madagascar; redescription); Evans, 1966d:111
(synopsis of known behavior); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:511 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar).
(as Freyi, incorrect original capitalization) (possibly 1892).
Syntypes: ,
Madagascar: Nosibé (NHMW). Synonymized with Sphecius grandidieri
by de Saussure, 1892:463.
(as Voeltzkowii, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes:
Madagascar: Tamatave, now Toamasina (ZMHU or SIF). – As Chlorion
umbrosum var. Voeltzkowi: Arnold, 1945:89 (Madagascar;
redescription). – As Sphex umbrosus voeltzkowi: Leclercq,
1961d:108 (Madagascar). – As Sphex fumicatus voeltzkowii:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:115 (listed).
. Holotype: ,
illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). –
Berland, 1927:153 (Madagascar); Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:115 (listed).,
. Objective synonym of Sphex malagassus
de Saussure, 1890 .,
. Objective synonym of Sphex malagassus
de Saussure, 1890. – Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820
(Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
– As Chlorion malagassum: Arnold, 1945:89 (new combination,
Madagascar, redescription).
(as torrida, incorrect original termination). Syntypes:
, Madagascar: no specific locality (BMNH). – de Saussure, 1892:426
(Madagascar, redescription); Kohl, 1909:370 (Comoros, Madagascar, Mozambique
Channel); Turner, 1911b:369 (Seychelles Islands); von Schulthess in
Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Antananarivo); Berland, 1927:153 (Madagascar);
Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles);
Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:117 (listed);
Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of
Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). – As Chlorion torridum: Arnold,
1945:90 (Madagascar; redescription).
, (as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – Leclercq, 1959a:33 (in key),
34 (Madagascar: Ankaratra); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:193 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar).
.
Holotype or syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). –
Handlirsch, 1892:106 (revision), 1895:188 (redescription); Dalla Torre,
1897:523 (listed); Arnold, 1945:77 (Madagascar; revision). – As
Stizolarra cyanipennis: de Saussure, 1892:470 (Madagascar,
redescription). – As Stizoides cyanipennis: Leclercq,
1961d:103 (Madagascar, new combination); Gillaspy, 1963a:378 (listed,
in subgenus Stizoides s.s.); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:528 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar; specimen in MNHN erroneously regarded
as holotype agrees with Arnold's 1945 redescription); Ohl, 1999a:88
(in revision of the genus).
, (as Berlandi, incorrect original
capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ranomafana (MNHN). –
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:526 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga,
1995:39 (syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
.
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Ambositra (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:272 (listed)..
Holotype: ,
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:272 (listed).
, . Syntypes: Zimbabwe: Sawmills and Plumtree
(SAM). – Arnold, 1930:3 (listed), 1945:97 (Madagascar), 1951:155
(Ethiopia: River Hawash); Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar), 1961d:109
(Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:273 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117
(Madagascar: Tamatave); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntypes
in Bulawayo Museum); Madl, 1997:821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ranomafana
(MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:273 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117
(Madagascar: Bekily). , secondary homonym of Tachysphex dimidiatus
(Panzer, 1809). Holotype: , Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG).
– Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
Tentatively synonymized with Tachysphex dimidiatus de Saussure
by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:273. – Leclercq, 1960:198
(Madagascar). – As Tachysphex excisus: Menke in
Bohart and Menke, 1976:273 (new status); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar:
Ihosy, Tamatave, Tsimbazaza).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). –
Leclercq, 1960a:98 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and
Menke, 1976:274 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:117 (Madagascar: Bekily, Fampanambo).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily
(MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:274 (listed).
, . Syntypes: ,
Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé, and Imerina Province: no specific
locality (MHNG). – R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands); Arnold,
1945:102 (redescription); 1960a:98 (Madagascar, comparison with Tachysphex
perniger), Leclercq, 1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:274 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar: faunal records).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antsirabe (MNHN).
– Leclercq, 1960a:98 (comparison with Tachysphex micromegas),
99 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:275 (listed).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ihosy (MNHN).
– Leclercq, 1961d:110 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:276
(listed).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – Leclercq,
1960a:98 (Madagascar: Bekily). – As Tachysphex fluctuatus
flavofimbriatus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:276. (listed).. Holotype: , Madagascar: Ranomafana (MHNB). – R.
Bohart and Menke, 1976:276 (listed).,
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar),
1961d:110 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:276 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:118 (Madagascar: Bekily)..
Holotype: ,
Zimbabwe: Bulawayo (SAM). – Arnold, 1930:3 (listed), 1945:97 (Madagascar);
Leclercq, 1961d:109 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed);
Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar: Fort Dauphin). . Holotype: , Madagascar: Ranomafana (MNHN). – Leclercq,
1961d:109 (description of ;
Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118
(Madagascar: Nosy-Komba)., .
Holotype: , Madagascar: Toamasina: Foulpointe, now
Mahavelona (MHNB). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed)..
Holotype:
, Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:277 (listed).
. Holotype or syntypes: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). – de Saussure, 1892:476
(Madagascar, redescription); Kohl, 1909:372 (Madagascar: Imerina, Toamasina,
Toliara); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:47 (Madagascar:
Antananarivo); Arnold, 1945:108 (Madagascar; revision); Leclercq, 1960a:99
(Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:263
(listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar).
, (as copiosa, incorrect original termination).
Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:264
(listed).,
(as flavocinerea, incorrect original
termination). Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily, and Ivondro
(MNHN). – Leclercq, 1961d:112 (Madagascar). – As Tachytes
flavocinereus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:265 (listed); Leclercq,
1990b:118 (Madagascar).,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN).
– Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar), 1961d:111 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:265 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar); Madl,
1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy
Boraha Sphecidae)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). – Arnold, 1945:109 (no
specimens studied); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:266 (listed)..
Objective synonym of Tachytes oviventris de Saussure, 1891.,
. Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily
(MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:266 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118
(Madagascar).,
(as rufomarginata, incorrect original termination). Syntypes:
Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). – As Tachytes rufomarginatus:
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:266 (listed).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Ranomafana (MNHN).
– R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:345 (listed); Tsuneki, 1981d:83 (Madagascar;
additional description); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island),
821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae)..
Holotype or syntypes: ,
Mauritius Island or Brazil: no specific locality, actually Mauritius
(NHMW or MHNG). – de Saussure, 1892:527 (Mauritius Island, redescription);
R. Turner, 1911b:372 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:58 (Isle of
Réunion, life history); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48
(Madagascar: Diego Suarez); Richards, 1934:338 (member of scutatum
species group), 344 (life history summary); Arnold, 1945:7 (in key);
Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:346
(listed); Tsuneki, 1978b:79 and 81 (in key), 1979a:13, 15, 17 (in key),
114 (Mauritius Island, Rodrigues Island, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, India,
Nepal, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaya), 1979b:5 (in key), 20 (Sri
Lanka), 1979c:5, 9 (in key), 28 (Indonesia: Java, Sumatra, Sumba), 1980a:11
(in key), 87 (Sulawesi), 1980b:11, 12 (in key), 115 (Philippines), 1981a:6
(in key), 45 (Guam, Hawaii; additional description), 1981c:8, 9 (in
key), 42 (Taiwan; additional description), 1981d:17 (Sri Lanka), 29
(India, Singapore, Thailand), 49 (Burma), 78 (Hong Kong), 85 (Tanzania:
Zanzibar; additional description), 20, 62 (in key), 1981e:4, 6-8 (in
key), 59 (Japan; additional description), 1981f:56 (member of errans
species group); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:833 (Seychelles Islands);
Wu and Zhou, 1996:103 (revision in Economic Insect Fauna of China)..
Lectotype: ,
India: North-West Provinces, now Uttar Pradesh: Mainpuri (BMNH), designated
with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:28. Synonymized with
Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:28. – Kohl, 1885a:205
(listed); Cameron, 1889c:119 (listed) and 123 (diagnostic characters);
Bingham, 1896a:441 (references), 1897:224 (redescription); Green, 1903:68
(nesting in all available holes); Paiva, 1907:15 (India: Mussoorie);
Bingham, 1908:355 (India: Purneah); Richards, 1934:315 (member of figulus
species group); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:346 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978b:28
(redescription); Pu, 1986:8 (China).
, India: Barrackpore or Tirhoot or Mussoorie Hills (OXUM), designated
by Tsuneki, 1978b:38. Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki,
1978b:38. – Bingham, 1897:225 (redescription); Cameron, 1889c:118
(listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:345 (listed).
. Lectotype:
, India: Assam: Khasia Hills (BMNH), designated by Tsuneki, 1978b:46.
Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:46. –
Richards, 1934:315 (member of figulus species group); Begum,
Bose, and Howlander, 1989:126 (life history in Bangladesh); Begum, Khan,
and Bose, 1995:176 (Bangladesh: Dhaka University Campus).(as Philippinense, incorrect original
capitalization). Holotype: , Philippines: Luzon: Manila (USNM). Synonymized
with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1978b:72. – F. Williams,
1927 (nesting in hollow twigs), 1931:236 (nesting in hollow twigs);
Richards, 1934:343 (life history summary); Krombein, 1949b:381 (in key
to Sphecidae of Micronesia), 400 (Marshall Islands); Yoshimoto, 1960:333
(Hawaiian Islands).
. Syntypes:
, Seychelles Islands: Coetivy (BMNH). Synonymized with Trypoxylon
errans by R. Turner, 1911b:372. – Tsuneki, 1978b:60 (study
of syntypes). " =
, primary homonym of Trypoxylon ornatipes Cameron, 1889, and
of Trypoxylon ornatipes W. Fox, 1891. Holotype:
, India: (BMNH). Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki,
1978b:60. – Richards, 1934:315 (member of figulus species
group).,
. Holotype: ,
Japan: Honshu: Utsunomiya (originally K. Tsuneki coll., now Hyogo Mus.).
Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans by Tsuneki, 1981e:59. –
Tsuneki, 1956g:4, 8 (in key), 1966a:22 (Japan: Osaka), 1969e:25 (Japan),
1970d:13 (life history), 1973e:32 (in key), 1973d:150 (Japan: Saitama
Prefecture), 1973e:36 (in key), 1975b:63 (Japan: Saitama Prefecture);
Tano, 1994b:43 (holotype in K. Tsuneki collection); Hashimoto and Nakanishi,
1997:23 (holotype transferred to Hyogo Mus.)., .
Holotype: , Taiwan: Pingtun Prefecture: Fenglian (originally
K. Tsuneki coll., now USNM). Synonymized with Trypoxylon errans
by Tsuneki, 1978b:72. – Haneda, 1971b:30 (Taiwan); Tsuneki, 1971g:7
(Taiwan); Haneda, 1972:4 (Taiwan); Murota, 1973b:117 (Taiwan); Tsuneki,
1973f:44 (Taiwan), 1974b:630 (Thailand; discussion); Nuhn and Menke,
1994:26 (holotype transferred to USNM).. Holotype: , Japan: Saitama Prefecture: Kohnosu (originally
T. Nambu coll., now Hyogo Mus.). Synonymized with Trypoxylon
errans by Tsuneki, 1981e:59. – Nambu, 1973d:150 (Japan: Saitama
Prefecture); Tsuneki, 1973e:34, 38 (in key); Nambu, 1975b:63 (Japan:
Saitama Prefecture); Tano, 1995:41 (holotype in K. Tsuneki collection);
Hashimoto and Nakanishi, 1997:23 (holotype transferred to Hyogo Mus.).
. Syntypes: ,
Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). – Arnold, 1945:9 (Madagascar;
); Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar); R. Bohart
and Menke, 1976:346 (listed); Tsuneki, 1981d:85 (Madagascar: Isalo,
Mahajanga); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in
checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae). , .
Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara and Bekily (MNHN). – Leclercq, 1960a:99
(Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:347 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda,
and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
. Holotype: ,
South Africa: Cape Province: Algoa Bay near Port Elizabeth (TMP). –
Richards, 1934:338 (member of scutatum species group; as punctatissimum
Gribodo); Arnold, 1945:11 (Madagascar; ); Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar, nesting
in twigs), 1965a:93 (in key), 119 (revision; Zaire); R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:347 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:5 (in key); Rodgers and Homewood,
1982:234 (Tanzania: Usambara Mountains).
, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Andrangoloaka, Anosibé
(MHNG). – Kohl, 1906a:201 (a species with frontal shield), 203
(in key to scutatum group); Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascare: Toamasina);
R. Turner, 1911b:373 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:58 (Isle of
Réunion: life history); von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48
(Madagascar: Ilôt Prune); Richards, 1934:338 (member of scutatum
species group), 344 (life history summary); Arnold, 1945:14 (Madagascar);
Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1950:75 (new to Seychelles Islands, as saitifrons);
Leclercq, 1960a:99 (Madagascar, nesting in old nests of Icaria,
a vespid; variation), 1961d:101 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:347
(listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:6, 7 (in key), 76 (redescription), 86 (relationships
to other species), 1981f:47 (single member of scutifrons species
group); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:833 (Seychelles Islands); Madl,
1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy
Boraha Sphecidae).
(as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar:
Bekily, Ivondro, Ranomafana, Roget (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke,
1976:348 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:7 (in key).
, , incorrect original termination. Syntypes:
Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN). – Leclercq, 1961d:101 (Madagascar);
R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:348 (listed); Tsuneki, 1978a:6 (in key), 84
(redescription), 86 (relationships to other species), 1981f:17 (single
member of sinuosiscute species group); Hancock, Chahwanda, and
Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntype in Bulawayo Museum).
. Holotype:
, Madagascar: Rogez (MNHN). – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:348 (listed).