Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Helcogramma: [ 47 ] records

albimacula, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & Howe [J. C.] 2003:154, Figs. 1-2 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 27249] Apo Island, opposite west end of Chanos Pond, 9°04'30"N, 123°16'24"E, Philippines, depth 0-2.5 meters. Holotype: USNM 273934. Paratypes: AMS I.35024-001 (2), BPBM 36434 (2), CAS 81761 (2), USNM 315775 (42). Plus nontype specimens. •Valid as Helcogramma albimacula Williams & Howe 2003 -- (Fricke 2009:47 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:446 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:772 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:146 [ref. 33932], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma albimacula Williams & Howe 2003. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Eastern Indonesia east to the Philippines, south to Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

alkamr, Helcogramma Holleman [W.] 2007:56, Fig. 2; Pl. 1 [Smithiana, Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity, Bulletin No. 7; ref. 29195] Mayotte, French Territory Community, north coast of Isle Malandzamuzatsinsi, 12°40'19"S, 44°03'26"E, Comoro Islands, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 1 meter. Holotype: ROM 73734. Paratypes: AMS 42910-001 (5); BMNH 2004.1.6.11-15 (5); ROM 73735 (16), 73736 (23); SAIAB 1915 (5), 70664 (2), 70665 (23); USNM 222359 (6), 222365 (20), 228973 (5), 228984 (7), 261389 (38), 375015 (5), 382859 (3), •Valid as Helcogramma alkamr Holleman 2007 -- (Fricke 2009:47 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:446 [ref. 30396], Fricke et al. 2018:305 [ref. 35805], Arndt & Fricke 2019:32 [ref. 36883], Holleman 2022:422 [ref. 39961], Fricke et al. 2024:89 [ref. 41255]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma alkamr Holleman 2007. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa (Tanzania), Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar, Saint Brandon's Shoals (Cargados Carajos) and western Mascarenes (La Réunion) east to western India. Habitat: marine.

aquila, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & McCormick [C. J.] 1990:1021, Fig. 3 [Copeia 1990 (no. 4); ref. 18992] White Beach, past Mahatae, Batan Island, Batanes, Philippines, 20°24'45"N, 121°55'02"E, depth 0-6 meters. Holotype: USNM 298405. Paratypes: AMS I.29427-001 (1); ANSP 164964 (1); BPBM 32855 (1); USNM 293945 (1), 297370 (4, 1 c&s), 298400 (4). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:24 [ref. 22274]. Species epithet should not be spelled aquilum -- see account of Helcogramma. •Valid as Helcogramma aquilum [sometimes as aquila] Williams & McCormick 1990 -- (Fricke 1997:409, 577 [ref. 23339], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Williams & Howe 2003:158 [ref. 27249], Myers & Donaldson 2003:638 [ref. 27495], Holleman 2006:102 [ref. 28864], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:446 [ref. 30396] as aquilum, Allen & Erdmann 2012:772 [ref. 31980], Tashiro & Motomura 2014:103 [ref. 35481], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:41 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma aquila Williams & McCormick 1990. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Ryukyu Islands, Philippines and Guam. Habitat: marine.

ascensionis, Helcogramma Lubbock [R.] 1980:293, Fig. 2 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 17 (no. 3); ref. 8694] Rockpools, Catherine Point, Ascension Island, depth to 2 meters. Holotype: BMNH 1979.1.11.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1979.1.11.2-11 (10), 1979.1.11.12 (1); USNM 219405 (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:24 [ref. 22274]. •Synonym of Helcogramma obtusirostris (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Hansen 1986:341 [ref. 5810]). •Synonym of Helcogramma obtusirostre (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Fricke 1997:579 [ref. 23339]). •Valid as Helcogramma ascensionis Lubbock 1980 -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:657 [ref. 9166], Wirtz 1990:916 [ref. 19374], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Wirtz et al. 2014:9 [ref. 33516], Williams in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2795 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:164 [ref. 36444]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma ascensionis Lubbock 1980. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Southern central Atlantic: Ascension and Saint Helena islands. Habitat: marine.

atauroensis, Helcogramma Fricke [R.] & Erdmann [M. V.] 2017:36, Figs. 1-3 [Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation v. 26; ref. 35190] Timor-Leste, Ataúro Island, Fatuu, eastern Indian Ocean, 8°08.442'S, 125°36.737'E, depth 3 meters. Holotype: WAM P.34562-003. Paratypes: HUJ, WAM. •Valid as Helcogramma atauroensis Fricke & Erdmann 2017. Current status: Valid as Helcogramma atauroensis Fricke & Erdmann 2017. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Timor-Leste, eastern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

billi, Helcogramma Hansen [P. E. H.] 1986:329, Fig. 10 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 5810] Rocky area opposite Fort Frederick, Trincomalee (outside harbor), Sri Lanka. Holotype: USNM 222377. Paratypes: USNM 222367 (6, 1 c&s), 222368 (1), 222374 (3), 222380 (17, not 27). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:25 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Helcogramma billi Hansen 1986 -- (Fricke 1997:577 [ref. 23339], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S116 [ref. 27377], Holleman 2007:58 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:446 [ref. 30396], Holleman 2022:422 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma billi Hansen 1986. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: southern India and Sri Lanka. Habitat: marine.

calva, Vauclusella Whitley [G. P.] 1944:272 [Australian Zoologist v. 10 (pt 3); ref. 4705] Cottesloe, 31°59'S, 115°45'E, Western Australia. Holotype: WAM P.1052-001. Paratypes: WAM P.1052-002 (1). Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:37 [ref. 19335], Moore et al. 2008:42 [ref. 30117]. •Synonym of Helcogramma decurrens McCulloch & Waite 1918 -- (Fricke 1994:418 [ref. 21827], Gomon et al. 1994:734 [ref. 22532], Fricke 1997:578 [ref. 23339], Hoese 2006:1524 [ref. 28998], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394]). Current status: Synonym of Helcogramma decurrens McCulloch & Waite 1918. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Habitat: marine.

capidata, Helcogramma Rosenblatt [R. H.] in Schultz et al. 1960:297, Pl. 121 (fig. c) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 202, v. 2; ref. 3972] Presipai region of Saratokmatel reef flat in Teawaitua ship passage, Kapingamarangi Atoll, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. Holotype: CAS-SU 52010. Paratypes: CAS-SU 52011-14 (1, 4, 21, 7); USNM 142249-50 (1, 2), 175255 (2). Additional material: GVF uncat. (3 lots, 8). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:25 [ref. 22274]. Gender of genus feminine; therefore correct species epithet capidata. •Valid as Helcogramma capidatum Rosenblatt 1960 -- (Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Myers & Donaldson 2003:638 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:24 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:476 [ref. 28239], Allen & Erdmann 2012:772 [ref. 31980]). •Valid as Helcogramma capidata Rosenblatt 1960 -- (Hansen 1986:330 [ref. 5810], Fricke 1994:410 [ref. 21827], Fricke 1997:413, 577 [ref. 23339], Myers 1999:216 [ref. 23965], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:446 [ref. 30396], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma capidata Rosenblatt 1960. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Malaysia to Micronesia and east to Tonga. Habitat: marine.

cerasina, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & Howe [J. C.] 2003:159, Figs. 5-6 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 27249] Eua Island, fringing reef at base of cliff on northwestern shore, Tonga Islands, 21°18'15"S, 174°26'20"W, depth 0-10.5 meters. Holotype: USNM 329714. Paratypes: USNM 262029 (1), 287093 (1), 329713 (117). •Valid as Helcogramma cerasina Williams & Howe 2003 -- (Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:446 [ref. 30396], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma cerasina Williams & Howe 2003. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Tonga and Fiji Islands. Habitat: marine.

chica, Helcogramma Rosenblatt [R. H.] in Schultz et al. 1960:294, Fig. 144 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 202, v. 2; ref. 3972] Ocean Reef, Hull Island, Phoenix Islands. Holotype: USNM 115516. Paratypes: CAS-SU 52015-16 (8, 10); USNM 115514-15 (19, 5), 142252 (1), 175256 (21). Additional material: USNM 115513 (1), 115517 (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:26 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Helcogramma chica Rosenblatt 1960 -- (Hansen 1986:331 [ref. 5810], Fricke 1994:414 [ref. 21827], Fricke 1997:422, 577 [ref. 23339], Myers 1999:216 [ref. 23965], Allen 2000:92 [ref. 37268], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Myers & Donaldson 2003:639 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:75 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:24 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:476 [ref. 28239], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:773 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma chica Rosenblatt 1960. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Andaman Sea, Christmas and Cocos-Keeling islands; Papua New Guinea east to Marshall Islands, Wake Island, and north to Guam and Ogasawara Islands. Habitat: marine.

decurrens, Helcogramma McCulloch [A. R.] & Waite [E. R.] 1918:52, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Records of the South Australian Museum (Adelaide) v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 2950] St. Vincent Gulf, South Australia. Holotype (unique): SAMA F598. Type catalog: Glover 1976:174 [ref. 19449]. •Valid as Helcogramma decurrens McCulloch & Waite 1918 -- (Hansen 1986:333 [ref. 5810], Allen & Swainston 1988:132 [ref. 25477], Fricke 1994:417 [ref. 21827], Gomon et al. 1994:734 [ref. 22532], Fricke 1997:577 [ref. 23339], Allen 1997:212 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:334 [ref. 25488], Hutchins 2001:41 [ref. 25847], Hoese 2006:1524 [ref. 28998], Gomon 2008:687 [ref. 30616], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Hoschke et al. 2019:159 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma decurrens McCulloch & Waite 1918. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia, South Australia. Habitat: marine.

desa, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & Howe [J. C.] 2003:161, Figs. 8-9 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 27249] Cocoro Island, 10°52'54"N, 121°12'14"E, Cuyo Islands, Philippines, depth 0-3 meters. Holotype: USNM 222317. Paratypes: AMS I.35025-001 (1); BPBM 36433 (1); USNM 222320 (18), 222898 (5); ROM 73085 (30), 73086 (40). Plus nontypes. •Valid as Helcogramma desa Williams & Howe 2003 -- (Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:773 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma desa Williams & Howe 2003. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines and Vietnam. Habitat: marine.

ellioti, Tripterygion Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1944:49 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 57; ref. 2137] Maharanepeta Beach, Vizagapatam, India. Lectotype: CAS-SU 38840 (male). Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 38840 (1, female), 38841-45 (1, 1, 8, 28, 114); USNM 123656 [ex SU] (4). Herre considered a male and a female as his types, the rest as paratypes; Böhlke 1953:99 [ref. 12291] treated the male as holotype and the female as allo-paratype; the male was designated as lectotype by Springer & Orrell 1996:26 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Helcogramma ellioti (Herre 1944) -- (Hansen 1986:331 [ref. 5810], Fricke 1997:578 [ref. 23339], Nakabo 2000:1079 [ref. 25182], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Nakabo 2002:1079 [ref. 26193], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S116 [ref. 27377], Randall 2005:477 [ref. 28239], Holleman 2007:59 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:48 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Sharifiniya et al. 2021:182 [ref. 38552], Esmaeili et al. 2022:32 [41] [ref. 39526], Holleman 2022:423 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma ellioti (Herre 1944). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Gulf of Oman (Iran) east to southern India. Habitat: marine.

ememes, Helcogramma Holleman [W.] 2007:61, Fig. 5; Pl. 1 [Smithiana, Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity, Bulletin No. 7; ref. 29195] Ibo Island, 12°24'S, 40°34'E, Mozambique. Holotype: SAIAB 70605. Paratypes: BMNH (2004.1.6.7-8 and .9-10), BPBM, ROM, and SAIAB. •Valid as Helcogramma ememes Holleman 2007 -- (Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Holleman 2022:423 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma ememes Holleman 2007. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa (Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya) east to Seychelles. Habitat: marine.

fuscipectoris, Enneapterygius Fowler [H. W.] 1946:186, Figs. 50-51 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 98; ref. 1456] Aguni-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype: ANSP 72060. Paratypes: ANSP 72061 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. See Fricke 1997:433 [ref. 23339] for selection of fuscipectoris over personatus and quadrimaculatus. •Valid as Tripterygion fuscipectoris (Fowler 1946) -- (Yu & Chung 1975:9 [ref. 41103]). •Synonym of Helcogramma obtusirostris (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Hansen 1986:341 [ref. 5810], Shen 1994:21 [ref. 21605]). •Valid as Helcogramma fuscipectoris (Fowler 1946) -- (Fricke 1997:429, 578 [ref. 23339], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1080 [ref. 25182], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:774 [ref. 31980], Chiang & Chen 2012:58, 64 [ref. 32986], Tashiro & Motomura 2014:104 [ref. 35481], Koeda et al. 2016:83 [ref. 35333], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190], Tashiro in Motomura et al. 2021:61 [ref. 38121], Wada et al. 2021:46 [ref. 38521], Wakimoto & Kunishima 2022:46 [ref. 40034]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma fuscipectoris (Fowler 1946). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: eastern Malaya (Malaysia) and Indonesia east to Philippines, north to Wakayama Prefecture (central Japan), south to Vanuatu. Habitat: marine.

fuscopinna, Helcogramma Holleman [W.] 1982:115, Fig. 4 [Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History) v. 14 (pt 4); ref. 2187] Reef offshore of Sodwana Bay, 27°31'S, 32°41'E, Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, western Indian Ocean. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 954. Paratypes: BMNH 1978.5.30.1-2 (2); BPBM 21164 (5); ROM 38782-38785 (8, 4 lots); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 490 (28), 489 (2), 955-956 (2, 1); USNM 227738-47 (4, 1, 33, 33, 3, 3, 2, 9, 19, 91); WAM P26507-016 (2). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:26 [ref. 22274], Ho & Shao 2011:53 [ref. 31432]. •Valid as Helcogramma fuscopinna Holleman 1982 -- (Holleman 1986:757 [ref. 5671], Hansen 1986:337 [ref. 5810], Winterbottom et al. 1989:62 [ref. 13251], Williams & McCormick 1990:1020 [ref. 18992], Fricke & Randall 1992:6 [ref. 20288], Fricke 1997:578 [ref. 23339], Fricke 1999:468 [ref. 24106], Nakabo 2000:1079 [ref. 25182], Allen 2000:116 [ref. 25868], Nakabo 2002:1079 [ref. 26193], Williams & Howe 2003:163 [ref. 27249], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S116 [ref. 27377], Heemstra et al. 2004:3327 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:387 [ref. 28072], Holleman 2006:102 [ref. 28864], Holleman 2007:63 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Fricke et al. 2009:93 [ref. 30213], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Motomura et al. 2010:187 [ref. 31256], Ho & Shao 2011:53 [ref. 31432], Chiang & Chen 2012:58 [ref. 32986], Fricke et al. 2018:305 [ref. 35805], Esmaeili et al. 2022:32 [41] [ref. 39526], Holleman 2022:424 [ref. 39961], Fricke et al. 2024:89 [ref. 41255]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma fuscopinna Holleman 1982. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Maldives and Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory). Habitat: marine.

gymnauchen, Tripterygium Weber [M.] 1909:149 [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 31 (note 4); ref. 4600] Timor Island, southern Malay Archipelago. Holotype (unique): ZMA 112509. Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:95 [ref. 19236]. Original genus should have been Tripterygion. •Synonym of Helcogramma hudsoni (Jordan & Seale 1906) -- (Hansen 1986:339 [ref. 5810]). •Valid as Helcogramma gymnauchen (Weber 1909) -- (Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:293 [ref. 6441], Randall et al. 1990:365 [ref. 15987], Fricke 1994:421 [ref. 21827], Fricke 1997:437, 578 [ref. 23339], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830], Randall 2005:476 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1524 [ref. 28998], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:774 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:178 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:146 [ref. 33932], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma gymnauchen (Weber 1909). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia to Papua New Guinea, northern Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

habena, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & McCormick [C. J.] 1990:1026, Fig. 6 [Copeia 1990 (no. 4); ref. 18992] About 1/2 kilometer southeast of Diojo Point, Batan Island, 20°27'55"N, 121°57'12"E, Batanes Province, Philippines, depth 3-6 meters. Holotype: USNM 300194. Paratypes: AMS I.29428-001 (2); ANSP 164965 (2); BPBM 32856 (2); USNM 222333 (3), 222347 (80, not 76), 293946 (10), 300193 (12), 300195-96 (16, 21). Additional material: USNM 222339 (2), 222342 (8), 222920 (2), 297034 (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:27 [ref. 22274], Ho & Shao 2011:53 [ref. 31432]. •Valid as Helcogramma habena Williams & McCormick 1990 -- (Shen 1994:19 [ref. 21605]). •Synonym of Helcogramma inclinatum (Fowler 1946) -- (Fricke 1997:446, 579 [ref. 23339]). •Synonym of Helcogramma inclinata (Fowler 1946) -- (Williams & Howe 2003:151 [ref. 27249], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Ho & Shao 2011:53 [ref. 31432], Chiang & Chen 2012:58 [ref. 32986], Tashiro & Motomura 2014:106 [ref. 35481]). Current status: Synonym of Helcogramma inclinata (Fowler 1946). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Habitat: marine.

hudsoni, Enneapterygius Jordan [D. S.] & Seale [A.] 1906:419, Fig. 101 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 25 (for 1905); ref. 2497] Apia, Upolu Island, Samoa; or Pago Pago, Tutuila Island, American Samoa. Holotype: USNM 51798 [not CAS-SU 8691]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:95 [ref. 12291], Springer & Orrell 1996:27 [ref. 22274]. Holotype not SU 8691 (that specimen is too small); Fricke 1997:578 [ref. 23339] with incorrect type, see Fricke 1997:444 [ref. 23339]; also see Springer & Eschmeyer 1974 [ref. 21415]. •Valid as Helcogramma hudsoni (Jordan & Seale 1906) -- (Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:293 [ref. 6441], Hansen 1986:339 [ref. 5810], Fricke 1994:426 [ref. 21827], Fricke 1997:442, 578 [ref. 23339], Myers 1999:217 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:1080 [ref. 25182], Fricke 2001:4 [ref. 25985], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Nakabo 2002:1080 [ref. 26193], Fricke 2002:193 [ref. 29865], Randall 2005:476 [ref. 28239], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Koeda et al. 2016:83 [ref. 35333], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma hudsoni (Jordan & Seale 1906). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Vanuatu to American Samoa. Habitat: marine.

inclinatus, Enneapterygius Fowler [H. W.] 1946:190, Fig. 55 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 98; ref. 1456] Aguni-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype (unique): ANSP 72067. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. Helcogramma is feminine, based on the lateral line. The spelling inclinata is correct. •Valid as Tripterygion inclinatum (Fowler 1946) -- (Yu & Chung 1975:10 [ref. 41103]). •Synonym of Helcogramma hudsoni (Jordan & Seale 1906) -- (Hansen 1986:339 [ref. 5810]). •Valid as Helcogramma inclinatum (Fowler 1946) -- (Fricke 1997:446, 579 [ref. 23339], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288]). •Valid as Helcogramma inclinata (Fowler 1946) -- (Williams & Howe 2003:151 [ref. 27249], Randall 2005:476 [ref. 28239], Motomura et al. 2006:106 [ref. 29490], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Motomura et al. 2010:187 [ref. 31256], Ho & Shao 2011:53 [ref. 31432], Tashiro & Motomura 2014:106 [ref. 35481], Motomura et al. 2015:28 [ref. 34709], Koeda et al. 2016:84 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:14 [ref. 35354], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:41 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma inclinata (Fowler 1946). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines, Taiwan and southern Japan. Habitat: marine.

indicus, Helcogramma Talwar [P. K.] & Sen [T. K.] 1971:248, Fig. 1 [Records of the Zoological Survey of India v. 65 (1-4) [for 1967]; ref. 21431] Cape Comorin, Tamil Nadu, India. Holotype: ZSI F6074/2. Paratypes: ZSI F6075/2 (3). See Das 2003:371 [ref. 27706]. •Synonym of Helcogramma ellioti (Herre 1944) -- (Hansen 1986:335 [ref. 5810], Fricke 1997:578 [ref. 23339], Sharafiniya et al. 2021:182 [ref. 38552], Holleman 2022:423 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Synonym of Helcogramma ellioti (Herre 1944). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Habitat: marine.

ishigakiensis, Lepidoblennius marmoratus Aoyagi [H.] 1954:241 [242], Fig. 3 (not 4) [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 63 (no. 6); ref. 12637] Ishigaki Island, Ishigaki City, Okinawa Prefecture, Yaeyama Islands, southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype (unique): YCM-P 31283. Type catalog: Hayashi 1995 [ref. 22717], Shibata et al. 2011:17 [ref. 31469] as isigakiensis. English on p. 242. The genus Helcogramma is feminine, so spelling is inclinata. •Synonym of Helcogramma inclinata (Fowler 1946) -- (Fricke 1997:446, 579 [ref. 23339] as inclinatum, Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394]). •Valid as Helcogramma ishigakiensis (Aoyagi 1954) -- (Tashiro & Motomura 2014:98 [ref. 35481]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma ishigakiensis (Aoyagi 1954). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Habitat: marine.

kranos, Helcogramma Fricke [R.] 1997:452, Fig. 92 [ ref. 23339] North of Komodo Island, Tawata Island, northwestern side, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, Indonesia, depth 1-2 meters. Holotype: BPBM 36503. Paratypes: BPBM uncat. (2), SMNS 18863 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 2005:68 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Helcogramma kranos Fricke 1997 -- (Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:775 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma kranos Fricke 1997. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Indonesia: Lombok and Komodo Islands. Habitat: marine.

lacuna, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & Howe [J. C.] 2003:165, Figs. 13-14 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 27249] Similan Island, Goh Huyong, Thailand, Andaman Sea, 8°29'N, 97°39'E, depth 1-4 meters. Holotype: USNM 222902. Paratypes: BMNH 1983.3.25.1107 (1), USNM 329750 (2), WAM P.26507-016 (2). Type catalog: Moore et al. 2008:41 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Helcogramma lacuna Williams & Howe 2003 -- (Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Imamura 2009:244 [ref. 30434], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:775 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:41 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma lacuna Williams & Howe 2003. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: East Andaman Sea coast of Thailand. Habitat: marine.

larvata, Helcogramma Fricke [R.] & Randall [J. E.] 1992:6, Figs. 5-6 [Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie A (Biologie). No. 484; ref. 20288] Eastern end of Male Island, northern Male Atoll, Maldives, Indian Ocean, depth 1-1.5 meters. Holotype: BPBM 34518. Paratypes: BPBM 34519-20 (1, 1); SMNS 11577 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1995:21 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:69 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Helcogramma larvata Fricke & Randall 1992 -- (Fricke 1997:579 [ref. 23339], Holleman 2007:65 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Holleman 2022:425 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma larvata Fricke & Randall 1992. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Maldives endemic. Habitat: marine.

maldivensis, Helcogramma Fricke [R.] & Randall [J. E.] 1992:9, Pl. 1; Figs. 7-8 [Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie A (Biologie). No. 484; ref. 20288] Kandooma Islands, South Male Atoll, Maldives, Indian Ocean, 3°55'38"N, 74°29'33"E, depth 0.5-1.5 meters. Holotype: SMNS 11468. Paratypes: BMNH 1991.4.15.1 (1); BPBM 18889 (2), 32904 (3), 32976 (1), 34521 (1); CAS 75979 (1); MNHN 1991-0700 (1); NSMT-P 34632 (1); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 36705 (1); SMNS 11469-73 (4, 3, 1, 1, 1); USNM 316488 (1); ZMB 32033 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1995:21 [ref. 28100], Springer & Orrell 1996:28 [ref. 22274]. Fricke 2005:69 [ref. 29864]. Specific name apparently should be spelled maldivense. •Valid as Helcogramma maldivensis Fricke & Randall 1992 -- (Fricke 1997:579 [ref. 23339], Holleman 2007:65 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Holleman 2022:425 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma maldivensis Fricke & Randall 1992. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Lakshadweep (India) and Maldives. Habitat: marine.

melanolancea, Helcogramma Tashiro [S.] & Motomura [H.] 2018:[2], Figs. [Ichthyological Research v. 66 (no. 1); ref. 36174] Holotype. Paratypes: •Valid as Helcogramma melanolancea Tashiro & Motomura 2018. Current status: Valid as Helcogramma melanolancea Tashiro & Motomura 2018. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Bali, Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

microstigma, Helcogramma Holleman [W.] 2006:92, Figs. 1-2 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 11 (no. 3); ref. 28864] Off Bazaruto lighthouse, 21°30'S, 35°30'E, Bazaruto Island, Mozambique, depth 9-10 meters. Holotype: SAIAB 73754. Paratypes: ROM 73409 (5), 7310 (1), 76683 (2); SAIAB 73573 (13); USNM 381379 (2). In error USNM 307834 (1). Plus non-type specimens. USNM 307834 was wrongly listed as a paratype of this species; it is a paratype of Helcograma rosea •Valid as Helcogramma microstigma Holleman 2006 -- (Holleman 2007:66 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:40 [ref. 35190], Fricke et al. 2018:305 [ref. 35805], Holleman 2022:425 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma microstigma Holleman 2006. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa (Mozambique) east to Comoros and Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

nesion, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & Howe [J. C.] 2003:167, Fig. 15 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 27249] Miyake-jima, Igaya Bay, Izu Islands, Japan, depth 5-10 meters. Holotype: USNM 329645. Paratypes: BPBM 35294 (8); USNM 222324 (6), 222329-32 (2, 2, 1, 2), 222346 (1). Plus nontype material. •Valid as Helcogramma nesion Williams & Howe 2003 -- (Holleman 2006:102 [ref. 28864], Motomura et al. 2006:106 [ref. 29490], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190], Murase et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40935]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma nesion Williams & Howe 2003. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands (Japan). Habitat: marine.

nigra, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & Howe [J. C.] 2003:169, Fig. 16-18 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 27249] Rotuma Island, north coast, ocean side of reef crest, about 100 meters from shore, 12°30'N, 177°05'E, Fiji Islands, depth 1-9 meters. Holotype: USNM 329281. Paratypes: AMS I.35026-001 (1); BPBM 36435 (1); CAS 81762 (1); USNM 283420 (19), 283421 (1). Plus nontype material. •Valid as Helcogramma nigra Williams & Howe 2003 -- (Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:775 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:146 [ref. 33932], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma nigra Williams & Howe 2003. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Fiji Islands, Vanuatu and Rotuma Islands. Habitat: marine.

novaecaledoniae, Helcogramma Fricke [R.] 1994:429, Fig. 93 [Tripterygiid fishes of Australia, New Zealand and the southwest Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of 2 new genera and 16 new species (Teleostei) v. 24; ref. 21827] Grande Terre, Passe Saint Vincent, 22°02'06"S, 165°58'24"E, New Caledonia, depth 3 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1997-0434. Paratypes: MNHN uncat. (2, 1, 1), SMNS 13912-13 (2, 1). Type catalog: Fricke 1995:21-22 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:69 [ref. 29864] •Valid as Helcogramma novaecaledoniae Fricke 1994 -- (Fricke 1997:456, 579 [ref. 23339], Fricke 2001:4 [ref. 25985], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Fricke 2002:193 [ref. 29865], Randall 2005:477 [ref. 28239], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:776 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma novaecaledoniae Fricke 1994. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Solomon Islands and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

obtusirostre, Tripterygium Klunzinger [C. B.] 1871:498 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 21; ref. 2622] Al-Qusair, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea. Lectotype: ZMB 31298. Paralectotypes: ZMB 8020 (2). Lectotype selected by Hansen 1986:343 [ref. 5810]. The correct species spelling is obtusirostris as the genus Helcogramma is feminine. Original genus should have been Tripterygion. •Valid as Helcogramma obtusirostris (Klunzinger 1871) [sometimes as obtusirostre] -- (Dor 1984:234 [ref. 29757], Holleman 1986:757 [ref. 5671], Hansen 1986:341 [ref. 5810], Shen 1994:21 [ref. 21605], Goren & Dor 1994:61 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:32 [ref. 21853], Randall 1995:309 [ref. 22896], Fricke 1997:461, 579 [ref. 23339], Fricke 1999:469 [ref. 24106], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Nakabo 2002:1080 [ref. 26193] as obtusirostris, Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S116 [ref. 27377], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:388 [ref. 28072], Holleman 2007:68 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Fricke et al. 2009:93 [ref. 30213], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396] as obtusirostre, Motomura et al. 2010:183 [ref. 31256] as obtusirostre, Holleman & Bogorodsky 2012:36 [ref. 31735] as obtusirostris, Allen & Erdmann 2012:776 [ref. 31980], Chiang & Chen 2012:58 [ref. 32986], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190], Golani & Fricke 2018:143 [ref. 36273], Zajonz et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36871] as cf. obtusirostris, Esmaeili et al. 2022:31 [40] [ref. 39526] as obtusirostre and obusirostris, Holleman 2022:426 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma obtusirostris (Klunzinger 1871). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Red Sea; northwestern Indian Ocean: Oman. Habitat: marine.

personatus, Enneapterygius Fowler [H. W.] 1946:185, Figs. 48-49 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 98; ref. 1456] Aguni-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype: ANSP 72057. Paratypes: ANSP 72058-59 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:164 [ref. 13621]. See Fricke 1997:433 [ref. 23339] for selection of fuscipectoris over personatus and quadrimaculatus. •Synonym of Helcogramma obtusirostris (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Hansen 1986:341 [ref. 5810], Shen 1994:21 [ref. 21605]). •Synonym of Helcogramma fuscipectoris (Fowler 1946) -- (Fricke 1997:429, 578 [ref. 23339], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Tashiro & Motomura 2014:104 [ref. 35481]). Current status: Synonym of Helcogramma fuscipectoris (Fowler 1946). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Habitat: marine.

quadrimaculatus, Enneapterygius Fowler [H. W.] 1946:189, Fig. 54 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 98; ref. 1456] Aguni-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype (unique): ANSP 72066. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:165 [ref. 13621]. See Fricke 1997:433 [ref. 23339] for selection of fuscipectoris over personatus and quadrimaculatus. •Valid as Tripterygion quadrimaculatum (Fowler 1946) -- (Yu & Chung 1975:10 [ref. 41103]). •Synonym of Helcogramma obtusirostris (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Hansen 1986:341 [ref. 5810], Shen 1994:21 [ref. 21605]). •Synonym of Helcogramma fuscipectoris (Fowler 1946) -- (Fricke 1997:429, 578 [ref. 23339], Fricke 2009:49 [ref. 30394], Tashiro & Motomura 2014:104 [ref. 35481]). Current status: Synonym of Helcogramma fuscipectoris (Fowler 1946). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Habitat: marine.

randalli, Helcogramma Williams [J. T.] & Howe [J. C.] 2003:171, Figs. 20-22 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 27249] Komodo Island, southeastern end at Three Rocks, Indonesia, 8°48'18"S, 119°24'48"E, depth 5-6 meters. Holotype: USNM 366861. Paratypes: BPBM 39284 (2), USNM 363778 (8). •Valid as Helcogramma randalli Williams & Howe 2003 -- (Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:777 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma randalli Williams & Howe 2003. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean: Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

rharhabe, Helcogramma Holleman [W.] 2007:69, Fig. 11; Pl. 2 [Smithiana, Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity, Bulletin No. 7; ref. 29195] Sheffield Beach, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, depth 0-3 meters. Holotype: SAIAB 70740. Paratypes: many at AMS, BMNH 2004.1.6.1-6 (6), BMNH 2006.10.24.10-16 (7), MNHN, ROM, SAIAB, USNM, and WAM. Type catalog: Not treated by Moore et al. 2008 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Helcogramma rharhabe Holleman 2007 -- (Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Holleman 2022:426 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma rharhabe Holleman 2007. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) and East africa (Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya). Habitat: marine.

rhinoceros, Helcogramma Hansen [P. E. H.] 1986:344, Fig. 7 (left), 15 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 5810] Cuyo Island, northwestern side of Putuc Island, 10°55'05"N, 121°02'03"E, Palawan Province, Philippines, depth 0-15 feet. Holotype: USNM 222370. Paratypes: USNM 221917 (6, 1 c&s), 221920-21 (2, 6). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:30 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Helcogramma rhinoceros Hansen 1986 -- (Fricke 1994:431 [ref. 21827], Fricke 1997:467, 580 [ref. 23339], Suzuki et al. 1998:2 [ref. 24384], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1080 [ref. 25182], Allen 2000:116 [ref. 25868], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Nakabo 2002:1080 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Motomura et al. 2010:189 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:777 [ref. 31980], Chiang & Chen 2012:67 [ref. 32986], Tashiro & Motomura 2014:107 [ref. 35481], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190], Tashiro & Motomura 2018:[1] [ref. 36174], Dewa et al. 2022:24 [ref. 40001]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma rhinoceros Hansen 1986. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: eastern Andaman Sea and Indonesia east to Philippines, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, north to Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan), south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

rosea, Helcogramma Holleman [W.] 2006:95, Figs. 3-4 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 11 (no. 3); ref. 28864] Ko Hi, Phuket, Thailand, 7°44'31"N, 98°22'32"E, depth 0-5 meters. Holotype: ROM 76679. Paratypes: ROM 76680 (3), 76681 (10), 76682 (11); SAIAB 75326 (4); USNM 222915 (5), 228942 (3), 222919 (3), 222916 (3), 307834 (1). USNM 307834 was wrongly listed as a paratype of H. microstigma Holleman (D. Smith, email 11/16/06). •Valid as Helcogramma rosea Holleman 2006 -- (Holleman 2007:71 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:778 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:40 [ref. 35190], Holleman 2022:427 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma rosea Holleman 2006. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Sri Lanka and Andaman Sea (Thailand). Habitat: marine.

serendip, Helcogramma Holleman [W.] 2007:73, Fig. 13 [Smithiana, Publications in Aquatic Biodiversity, Bulletin No. 7; ref. 29195] Near Fort Frederick, Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Holotype: SAIAB 73755. Paratypes: SAIAB 73756 (12); USNM 228977 (5), 228981 (3), 385565 (2), 385567 (5). •Valid as Helcogramma serendip Holleman 2007 -- (Fricke 2009:50 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Holleman 2022:428 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma serendip Holleman 2007. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Sri Lanka. Habitat: marine.

shinglensis, Helcogramma Lal Mohan [R. S.] 1971:219, Fig. 1 [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 52 (no. 3/5); ref. 21432] Shingle Island, Gulf of Mannar, between India and Sri Lanka, 9°12'N, 79°8'E. Holotype: FMRI 165. Paratypes: FMRI F166 (2); SMF 11004 (1). •Synonym of Helcogramma obtusirostre (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Fricke 1997:579 [ref. 23339]). •Synonym of Helcogramma obtusirostris (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Hansen 1986:341 [ref. 5810], Holleman & Bogorodsky 2012:54 [ref. 31735]). •Valid as Helcogramma shinglensis Lal Mohan 1971 -- (Holleman 2007:74 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:51 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Holleman 2022:428 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma shinglensis Lal Mohan 1971. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Gulf of Mannar (southern India) and Sri Lanka. Habitat: marine.

solorensis, Helcogramma Fricke [R.] 1997:472, Fig. 96 [ ref. 23339] Savu Sea, Solor Island, eastern side, off Motton Point, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, Indonesia, depth 3 meters. Holotype: BPBM 36660. Paratypes: BPBM uncat. (1), SMNS 21880 [ex BPBM uncat.] (1). Type catalog: Fricke 2005:69 [ref. 29864]. •Valid as Helcogramma solorensis Fricke 1997 -- (Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830] dated 1994, Fricke 2009:51 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:778 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma solorensis Fricke 1997. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Solor Island, Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

springeri, Helcogramma Hansen [P. E. H.] 1986:345, Fig. 16 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 5810] Off Tandjung Suli, Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia, depth less than 2 meters. Holotype: USNM 229368. Paratypes: AMS I.19456-092 (14), 19483-072 (14), 20756-009 (4), 20774-012 (30), 21451-001 (4), 22582-048 (3); USNM 150550 (1), 164600 (1), 210277 (3, not 1), 222349 (5), 222369 (1), 222372 (1), 228903 (22), 228932 (2), 228935 (5), 228940 (1), 263387-89 (1, 1, now 1), 285799 [ex 263389] (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:30 [ref. 22274]. •Valid as Helcogramma springeri Hansen 1986 -- (Fricke 1994:434 [ref. 21827], Fricke 1997:475, 580 [ref. 23339], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830], Hoese 2006:1525 [ref. 28998], Fricke 2009:51 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:779 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:147 [ref. 33932], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190], Tashiro in Motomura et al. 2021:61 [ref. 38121]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma springeri Hansen 1986. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Andaman Sea, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Australia. Habitat: marine.

steinitzi, Helcogramma Clark [E.] 1980:88, Figs. 3d, 5a, 6a, 8; Pls. 2-5 [Israel Journal of Zoology v. 28 (nos 3-4) [for 1979]; ref. 8837] Bay between Marsa Mokrakh and El Himeira, Sinai, Egypt, northwestern coast of Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Holotype: USNM 205787. Paratypes: HUJ 4656 (3), 5351-52 (12, 1), 9209 (2); TAU [= SMNHTAU] N.S.2623a (2), 4076a (5), 4541 (1), 12158b (1), 12161 (1); USNM 205788-90 (2, now 3, 4), 205791 (12, 4 c&s), 205792 (6), 205824 (7), 205826 (1), 205828 (1), 205830 (1), 205832-33 (1, 17). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:31 [ref. 22274], Golani 2006:31 [ref. 28840]. •Valid as Helcogramma steinitzi Clark 1980 -- (Dor 1984:234 [ref. 29757], Hansen 1986:347 [ref. 5810], Goren & Dor 1994:61 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:33 [ref. 21853], Randall 1995:310 [ref. 22896], Fricke 1997:580 [ref. 23339], Carpenter et al. 1997:207 [ref. 23922], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S116 [ref. 27377], Holleman 2006:98 [ref. 28864], Holleman 2007:76 [ref. 29195], Fricke 2009:51 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Holleman & Bogorodsky 2012:56 [ref. 31735], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:40 [ref. 35190], Golani & Fricke 2018:143 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:120 [ref. 37020], Zajonz et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36871], Esmaeili et al. 2022:31 [40] [ref. 39526], Holleman 2022:429 [ref. 39961]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma steinitzi Clark 1980. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Red Sea; northwestern Indian Ocean: Socotra (Yemen), Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf. Habitat: marine.

striata, Helcogramma Hansen [P. E. H.] 1986:349, Fig. 18 [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 5810] Toga Point rocks, Miyakejima, Izu Islands, Japan, 34°07'N, 139°30'E, depth 1-3 meters. Holotype: USNM 221667. Paratypes: AMS I.19456-093 (5), I.22619-024 (1); USNM 221666 (1, lost), 221668-69 (1, 9), 221916 (orig. 13 or 14, now 9) ?USNM ex 222321 (3, c&s), 263386 (8, not 7), 269807 (1, c&s). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:31-32 [ref. 22274] but types very confusing, Ho & Shao 2011:53 [ref. 31432]. Helcogramma is feminine, so correct spelling is striata. •Valid as Helcogramma striata [sometimes as striatum] Hansen 1986 -- (Randall et al. 1990:365 [ref. 15987], Fricke 1994:437 [ref. 21827], Shen 1994:22 [ref. 21605], Fricke 1997:480, 580 [ref. 23339], Allen 1997:212 [ref. 23977] as striata, Kuiter 1997:334 [ref. 25488] as striata, Randall et al. 1997:365 [ref. 25919], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1078 [ref. 25182], Allen 2000:116 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:41 [ref. 25847], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Nakabo 2002:1078 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830], Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:168 [ref. 27510], Adrim et al. 2004:125 [ref. 27715], Randall 2005:477 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1525 [ref. 28988], Holleman 2007:77 [ref. 29195] as striata, Fricke 2009:51 [ref. 30394] as striata, Imamura 2009:244 [ref. 30434] as striata, Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396] as striata, Motomura et al. 2010:189 [ref. 31256] as striata, Ho & Shao 2011:53 [ref. 31432] as striata, Allen & Erdmann 2012:780 [ref. 31980], Chiang & Chen 2012:58, 68 [ref. 32986], Larson et al. 2013:178 [ref. 32988] as striatum, Tashiro & Motomura 2014:108 [ref. 35481], Motomura et al. 2015:28 [ref. 34709], Koeda et al. 2016:84 [ref. 35333], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:41 [ref. 35190], Fricke et al. 2019:254 [ref. 36673], Rajan et al. 2021:8 [ref. 39508] misidentified, Tashiro in Motomura et al. 2021:62 [ref. 38121], Holleman 2022:429 [ref. 39961], Murase et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40935]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma striata Hansen 1986. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Sri Lanka east to Line Islands (Kiribati), north to Izu Islands (Japan), south to northern Australia, New Caledonia and Fiji. Habitat: marine.

trigloides, Tripterygion Bleeker [P.] 1858:234 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 15 (no. 1); ref. 363] Southeastern edge of Harbor, Port Narevin, Erromango Island, Vanuatu, 18°44'25"S, 169°12'41"E, depth 0-6 meters. Neotype: USNM 343890 [not 343980]. Neotype designated by Fricke 1997:493 [ref. 23339] as 343980; original locality w. Belitung I., Indonesia. Bleeker's unpublished illustration reproduced in Boeseman 1983:v. 11, Pl. 442, fig. 6 [ref. 12564]. •Status uncertain -- (Hansen 1986:352 [ref. 5810]). •Valid as Helcogramma trigloides (Bleeker 1858) -- (Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:294 [ref. 6441], Fricke 1997:489, 580 [ref. 23339], Fricke & Williams in Randall & Lim 2000:632 [ref. 25122], Fricke 2001:4 [ref. 25985], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288] with author as Fricke 1997, Fricke 2002:193 [ref. 29865], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830], Fricke 2009:51 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:780 [ref. 31980], Chaing & Chen 2012:70 [ref. 32986], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma trigloides (Bleeker 1858). Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: East Andaman Sea, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Habitat: marine.

vulcana, Helcogramma Randall [J. E.] & Clark [E.] 1993:27, Figs. 1-6 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 20 (no. 1); ref. 20781] Southern side of Gunung Api, Banda Sea, Indonesia, 6°37'S, 126°38'E, depth 0-1 meter. Holotype: BPBM 35378. Paratypes: AMS I.33528-001 (3); BPBM 32353 (20), 35377 (4); CAS 78521 (3); SMF 26257 (3); USNM 293374 (8). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:32 [ref. 22274]. See dicussion of gender under Helcogramma. •Valid as Helcogramma vulcanum Randall & Clark 1993 -- (Fricke 1997:496, 580 [ref. 23339], Williams & Fricke 2001:3534 [ref. 26288], Allen & Adrim 2003:53 [ref. 26830]). •Valid as Helcogramma vulcana Randall & Clark 1993 -- (Williams & Howe 2003:174 [ref. 27249], Fricke 2009:51 [ref. 30394], Patzner et al. 2009:447 [ref. 30396], Allen & Erdmann 2012:780 [ref. 31980], Fricke & Erdmann 2017:42 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma vulcana Randall & Clark 1993. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Banda Sea, Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

williamsi, Helcogramma Chiang [M.-C.] & Chen [I-S.] 2012:59, Figs. 1-2 [ZooKeys No. 216; ref. 32986] Feng-chui-sha, Hengchun Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan. Holotype: NTOU-P 2012-02-002. Paratypes: NTOU-P 2012002-001 (1), 003 (2), 004 (1), 005 (2). •Valid as Helcogramma williamsi Chiang & Chen 2012 -- (Fricke & Erdmann 2017:43 [ref. 35190]). Current status: Valid as Helcogramma williamsi Chiang & Chen 2012. Tripterygiidae: Tripterygiinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.