polyacanthus, Pseudochromis Bleeker [P.] 1856:375 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 10; ref. 16853] Ternate, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH (not found). A noun in apposition according to Bleeker's subsequent usage. •Valid as Pseudogramma polyacanthum (Bleeker 1856) -- (Motomura in Motomura & Satapoomin 2009:94 [ref. 30492], Randall & Baldwin 1997:39 [ref. 22812], Randall et al. 1997:123 [ref. 25919], Fricke 1999:214 [ref. 24106], Myers 1999:118 [ref. 23965], Randall 1999:12 [ref. 25829], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:611 [ref. 25122], Rojas M. & Pequeño 2001:161 [ref. 25813], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:55 [ref. 27510], Randall et al. 2004:12 [ref. 27624], Heemstra et al. 2004:3319 [ref. 27945], Randall 2005:170 [ref. 28239], Hoese et al. 2006:1028 [ref. 28999], Randall 2007:198 [ref. 30952], Larson et al. 2013:103 [ref. 32988]). •Valid as Pseudogramma polyacanthum (Bleeker 1856), with a valid subspecies polyacanthum -- (Myers & Donaldson 2003:618 [ref. 27495]). •Valid as Pseudogramma polyacantha (Bleeker 1856) -- (Hayashi in Masuda et al. 1984:140 [ref. 6441], Smith 1986:542 [ref. 5712], Allen & Swainston 1988:60 [ref. 25477], Winterbottom et al. 1989:27 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:123 [ref. 15987], Allen 1997:94 [ref. 23977], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2473 [ref. 24815], Allen 2000:87 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:731 [ref. 25086], Randall & Earle 2000:12 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:31 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:731 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:32 [ref. 26830], Lobel & Lobel 2004:70 [ref. 27576], Fricke et al. 2009:49 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:387 [ref. 31242], Hubert et al. 2012:4 [ref. 31846], Fricke et al. 2014:65 [ref. 33932], Williams & Viviani 2016:247 [ref. 34442], Koeda et al. 2016:29 [ref. 35333], Fricke et al. 2018:158 [ref. 35805], Arndt & Fricke 2019:29 [ref. 36883], Fricke et al. 2019:126 [ref. 36673], Prokofiev 2019:428 [ref. 36810], Parenti & Randall 2020:99 [ref. 37354], Akhilesh et al. 2021:56 [ref. 38701], Heemstra 2022:84 [ref. 39742], Fricke et al. 2024:75 [ref. 41255]). •Valid as Pseudogramma polyacanthus (Bleeker 1856) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:523 [ref. 12442], Allen & Erdmann 2012:310 [ref. 31980], Allen & Erdmann 2024:325 [ref. 40796]). Current status: Valid as Pseudogramma polyacanthus (Bleeker 1856). Grammistidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar, Saint Brandon's Shoals (Cargados Carajos) and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), northern Line Islands (Kiribati) and Pitcairn Group, north to Ryukyu Islands (Japan), south to Western Australia, New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island (Australia) and Tonga. Habitat: marine.