hispidus, Tetraodon Linnaeus [C.] 1758:333 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] India. Holotype (unique): ZMUU Linn. Coll. 102. Type catalog: Lönnberg 1896:30 [ref. 23530], Wheeler 1991:192, Fig. 29 [ref. 20102]. Also appeared in Linnaeus 1759:247 [ref. 24770]. •Valid as Arothron hispidus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:370 [ref. 19756], Dor 1984:283 [ref. 29757], Matsuura in Masuda et al. 1984:364 [ref. 6441], Smith & Heemstra 1986:896 [ref. 5714], Allen & Swainston 1988:154 [ref. 25477], Randall et al. 1990:473 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:423 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:168 [ref. 25479], Allen & Robertson 1994:299 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:74 [ref. 25356], Bussing in Fischer et al. 1995:1623 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:401 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:244 [ref. 23977], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:303 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:644 [ref. 24023], Kuiter 1997:410 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:473 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:289 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:602 [ref. 24106], Johnson 1999:755 [ref. 25471], Allen 2000:95 [ref. 37268], Matsuura in Randall & Lim 2000:648 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1428 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:466 [ref. 25191], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:285 [ref. 25480], Thomson et al. 2000:275 [ref. 25640], Randall & Earle 2000:22 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:125 [ref. 25868], Ebert 2001:28 [ref. 25494], Sakai et al. 2001:123 [ref. 25693], Hutchins 2001:48 [ref. 25847], Matsuura 2001:3956 [ref. 26317], Nakabo 2002:1428 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:453, 696 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:65 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S124 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:650 [ref. 27495], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:226 [ref. 27510], Lobel & Lobel 2004:78 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:32 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:185 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:451 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:180 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:644 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:532 [ref. 28379], Hoese et al. 2006:1914 [ref. 29099], Randall 2007:493 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:120 [ref. 30213], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:195 [ref. 30957], Matsuura 2009:334 [ref. 31171], Motomura et al. 2010:237 [ref. 31256], Verruraj et al. 2011:5 [ref. 31496], Randall et al. 2012:41 [ref. 31764], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1087 [ref. 31980], Psomadakis et al. 2012:18 [ref. 33457], Page et al. 2013:190 [ref. 32708], Larson et al. 2013:236 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:472 [ref. 32989], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:433 [ref. 33460], Fricke et al. 2014:197 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:151 [ref. 34871], Matsuura 2016:[6] [ref. 34211], Fourriére et al. 2016:451 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:612 [ref. 34923] Koeda et al. 2016:114 [ref. 35333], Kwun et al. 2017:143 [ref. 37287], Fricke et al. 2018:384 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:181 [ref. 36273], Sánchez-Jiménez et al. 2018:S8 [ref. 36248], Fricke et al. 2019:331 [ref. 36673], González-Murcia et al. 2019:309 [ref. 36544], Hoschke et al. 2019:161 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:102 [ref. 36871], Kim et al. 2020:201 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:616 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:130 [ref. 37637], Kaleshkumar et al. 2021:[4] [ref. 38263], Love et al. 2021:225 [ref. 39279], Mishra et al. 2021:2 [ref. 39923], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:301 [ref. 41223], Grove et al. 2022:22 [ref. 41326], Matsuura 2022:458 [ref. 40261], Page et al. 2023:168 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40981], Fricke et al. 2024:88 [ref. 41255]). Current status: Valid as Arothron hispidus (Linnaeus 1758). Tetraodontidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific: Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to southern Korea, central Japan and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island (Australia) and Rapa (French Polynesia); eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of northern Baja California (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Gulf of California (Mexico), Cocos Island (Costa Rica) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: brackish, marine.