holocanthus, Diodon Linnaeus [C.] 1758:335 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] India. Holotype: ?BMNH 1962.12.17.12. Based on the 'Ostracion oblongus holocanthus' of Artedi 1738:60 [ref. 30578]; 1738:86 [ref. 30349], which was based on the 'Orbes, quibus quaterni dentes' of Willughby 1686:155 [ref. 30164] and the 'Histrix alter capite angusto' of Ray 1713:42 [ref. 30231]; the latter were based on the 'Orbes primus', 'Orbes scutatus' and 'Orbis echinatus seu muricatus' of Rondelet 1554:419, 420, 421 [ref. 30354]. •Valid as Diodon holacanthus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:55 [ref. 39147], Burgess et al. 1980:83 [ref. 41504], Dor 1984:287 [ref. 29757], Allen 1997:248 [ref. 23977], Cheng & Zhou 1997:494 [ref. 26385], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:124 [ref. 24545], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1098 [ref. 31980]). •Valid as Diodon holocanthus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:300 [ref. 9277], Matsuura in Masuda et al. 1984:365 [ref. 6441], Leis 1986:905 [ref. 5686], Robins & Ray 1986:308 [ref. 23100], Edwards & Glass 1987:671 [ref. 9166], Allen & Swainston 1988:156 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:570 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:78 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:227 [ref. 14674], Duron & Quéro 1990:1073 [ref. 19530], Randall et al. 1990:479 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:425 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:168 [ref. 25479], Allen & Robertson 1994:302 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:75 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:407 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:628 [ref. 27969], Andreata & Séret 1996:590 [ref. 16204] dated 1757, Cervigón 1996:84 [ref. 24489], Lindberg et al. 1997:175 [ref. 23547], Allen & Robertson 1997:835 [ref. 41086], Chen et al. 1997:187 [ref. 26476], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:658 [ref. 24023], Kuiter 1997:422 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:479 [ref. 25919], Aguilera 1998:54 [ref. 24221], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:145 [ref. 24555] as holacanthus, Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:14 [ref. 24670], Myers 1999:291 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:613 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:357 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:81 [ref. 25466], Johnson 1999:755 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:30 [ref. 25829], Leis in Randall & Lim 2000:649 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1432 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:471 [ref. 25191], Lea & Rosenblatt 2000:127 [ref. 25206], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:290 [ref. 25480], Thomson et al. 2000:280 [ref. 25640], Matsuura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:333 [ref. 27511], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:171 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1647 [ref. 25634], Sakai et al. 2001:124 [ref. 25693], Hutchins 2001:48 [ref. 25847], Leis 2001:3964 [ref. 26318], Nakabo 2002:1432 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:461, 702 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:65 [ref. 26830], Collette et al. 2003:127 [ref. 26784], Leis 2003:2013 [ref. 27121], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S124 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:651 [ref. 27495], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:111 [ref. 27192], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:230 [ref. 27510], Smith et al. 2003:72 [ref. 27621], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:51 [ref. 27712], Parin 2003:S35 [ref. 28536], Randall et al. 2004:32 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27715], Nelson et al. 2004:185 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:456 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:181 [ref. 37547] as holacanthus, Randall 2005:653 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:538 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:937 [ref. 28815], Leis 2006:87 [ref. 28932], Bray et al. 2006:1933 [ref. 29091], Wirtz et al. 2007:43 [ref. 30263], Randall 2007:498 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:123 [ref. 30213], García-Hernández et al. 2009:94 [ref. 37265], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:195 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:239 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:191 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:137 [ref. 32972], Larson et al. 2013:240 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:234 [ref. 34464], Fricke et al. 2014:200 [ref. 33932], Matsuura 2014:25 [ref. 33576], Parin et al. 2014:555 [ref. 33547], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:89 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:12 [ref. 33516], Francis & Duffy 2015:483 [ref. 36161], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:194 [ref. 37485], Psomadakis et al. 2015:339 [ref. 34104], Pinheiro et al. 2015:36 [ref. 34324], Motomura et al. 2015:31 [ref. 34709], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:151 [ref. 34871], Leis in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3079 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:451 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:612 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:19 [ref. 35354], Kells et al. 2016:342 [ref. 35888], Motomura et al. 2017:239 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:390 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:183 [ref. 36273], Brown et al. 2019:184 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:98 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:223 [ref. 37250], González-Murcia et al. 2019:309 [ref. 36544], Randall et al. 2019:56 [ref. 36853], Zajonz et al. 2019:103 [ref. 36871], Reiner 2019:311 [ref. 38139], Kim et al. 2020:207 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:627 [ref. 37272], Robertson et al. 2020:154 [ref. 38098], Sonoyama et al. 2020:135 [ref. 37637], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:78 [ref. 38844], Kaleshkumar et al. 2021:[4] [ref. 38263], Love et al. 2021:226 [ref. 39279], Mary et al. 2021:401 [ref. 38693], Matsuura in Motomura et al. 2021:78 [ref. 38121], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:724 [ref. 38945] as holacanthus, Fermon et al. 2022:306 [ref. 39448], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:307 [ref. 41223], Grove et al. 2022:22 [ref. 41326], Leis 2022:478 [ref. 40307], Carvalho-Filho 2023:287 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:168 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:437 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Diodon holocanthus Linnaeus 1758. Diodontidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Red Sea, Sea of Japan, Gulf of California/Mexico). IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.