areolatum, Plectropoma Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1830:index p. 2, footnote [Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3843] Al Muwaylih, Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): SMF 3013. Non-types: SMF 4503 (1). Lectotype (SMF 3013) designated by Randall & Hoese 1986:9 [ref. 6009] but evidently Rüppell had only one specimen and that is the holotype (pers. comm. Uwe Zajonz, SMF). •Valid as Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell 1830) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1986:534 [ref. 5667], Randall & Hoese 1986:9 [ref. 6009], Allen & Swainston 1988:58 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:499 [ref. 12442], Winterbottom et al. 1989:26 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:116 [ref. 15987], Randall & Heemstra 1991:291 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:289 [ref. 21042], Goren & Dor 1994:27 [ref. 25356], Allen 1997:86 [ref. 23977], Randall et al. 1997:116 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:116 [ref. 23965], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2531 [ref. 24815], Nakabo 2000:708 [ref. 25086], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:610 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:262 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:30 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:708 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:32 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S104 [ref. 27377], Adrim et al. 2004:120 [ref. 27715], Hoese et al. 2006:1021 [ref. 28999], Motomura in Motomura & Satapoomin 2009:92 [ref. 30492], Fricke et al. 2011:386 [ref. 31242], Craig et al. 2011:331 [ref. 31786], Allen & Erdmann 2012:282 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:63 [ref. 33932], Golani & Fricke 2018:65 [ref. 36273], Ma & Craig 2018:456 [ref. 36100], Fricke et al. 2019:121 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:71 [ref. 36871], Parenti & Randall 2020:92 [ref. 37354], Akhilesh et al. 2021:54 [ref. 38701], Heemstra 2022:74 [ref. 39742], Zajonz et al. 2022:92 [ref. 40522], Allen & Erdmann 2024:300 [ref. 40796]). Current status: Valid as Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell 1830). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Maldives and Chagos Archipelago east to Phoenix Islands (Kiribati) and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands (Japan), south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.
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