spilurus, Upeneus Bleeker [P.] 1854:395 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 13964] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5742. Also in Bleeker 1854:68, Pl. 2 (fig. 2). •Synonym of Pseudupeneus rubescens (Lacepède 1801) -- (Dor & Ben-Tuvia in Dor 1984:163 [ref. 29757], Ben-Tuvia & Kissil 1988:9 [ref. 12819]). •Valid as Parupeneus spilurus (Bleeker 1854) -- (Yamakawa in Masuda et al. 1984:164 [ref. 6441], Randall et al. 1990:212 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:204 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:162 [ref. 25479], Allen 1997:142 [ref. 23977], Randall et al. 1997:212 [ref. 25919], Johnson 1999:738 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:877 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:284 [ref. 25191], Hutchins 2001:264 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:35 [ref. 25847], Randall 2001:3194 [ref. 26109], Kim 2002:64 [ref. 26347], Nakabo 2002:877 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:350, 622 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:41 [ref. 26830], Randall et al. 2004:18 [ref. 27624], Randall 2004:53 [ref. 28086], Randall 2005:299 [ref. 28239], Hoese & Bray 2006:1270 [ref. 29000], Motomura et al. 2010:130 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:508 [ref. 31980], Parin et al. 2014:374 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:114 [ref. 36167], Motomura et al. 2015:24 [ref. 34709], Stewart 2015:1292 [ref. 34196], Hoschke et al. 2019:156 [ref. 36626], Sonoyama et al. 2020:77 [ref. 37637], Dewa et al. 2022:19 [ref. 40001], Echreshavi et al. 2022:13 [ref. 39234]). Current status: Valid as Parupeneus spilurus (Bleeker 1854). Mullidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Indonesia east to Philippines, north to southern Sea of Japan and Kagoshima Prefecture (Pacific coast of Japan), south to Geographe Bay (Western Australia), New South Wales (Australia), northern New Zealand and Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.