nebulosa, Muraena Ahl [J. N.] 1789:7, Pl. 1 (right fig.) [Specimen ichthyologicum de Muraena et Ophichtho; ref. 80] In Orientali India [Indonesia]. Holotype (unique): ?ZMUC 345. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:130 [ref. 26380]. Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:42 [ref. 24106] as the specimen in original figure Pl. 1. Fricke 1999:41 dates to 1801 but that is apparently incorrect as there is a 1789 publication that differs from the 1801 reference. •Valid as Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Dor 1984:26 [ref. 29757], Hatooka in Masuda et al. 1984:25 [ref. 6441], Castle & McCosker 1986:167 [ref. 5645], Hatooka 1986:381 [ref. 22522], Allen & Swainston 1988:32 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:127 [ref. 12442], Böhlke et al. 1989:130 [ref. 13286], Winterbottom et al. 1989:6 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:34 [ref. 15987], Francis 1993:157 [ref. 25479], Chen et al. 1994:45 [ref. 22258], Allen & Robertson 1994:43 [ref. 22193], McCosker & Rosenblatt in Fischer et al. 1995:1307 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:54 [ref. 22896], Quéro & Saldanha 1995:65 [ref. 22017], Randall & Golani 1995:851 [ref. 21744], Allen 1997:52 [ref. 23977], Allen & Robertson 1997:818 [ref. 41086], Carpenter et al. 1997:106 [ref. 23922], Kuiter 1997:32 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:34 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:44 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:41 [ref. 24106], Böhlke et al. 1999:1656 [ref. 24692], Allen 2000:84 [ref. 37268], Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Nakabo 2000:201 [ref. 25086], Böhlke & McCosker in Randall & Lim 2000:584 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:110 [ref. 25191], Thomson et al. 2000:46 [ref. 25640], Randall & Earle 2000:6 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:95 [ref. 25868], Böhlke & McCosker 2001:73 [ref. 25226], Hutchins 2001:16 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:201 [ref. 26001], Böhlke & Smith 2002:130 [ref. 26380], Allen & Adrim 2003:22 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S94 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:610 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:6 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:60 [ref. 27807], Heemstra et al. 2004:3316 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:102 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:17 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:35 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:114 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:245 [ref. 29005], Randall 2007:80 [ref. 30952], Béarez & Séret 2009:145 [ref. 36646], Fricke et al. 2009:14 [ref. 30213], Imamura 2009:17 [ref. 30434], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:188 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:70 [ref. 31256], Zhang et al. 2010:245 [ref. 31511], Fricke et al. 2011:349 [ref. 31242], Allen & Erdmann 2012:77 [ref. 31980], Smith 2012:5 [ref. 32155], Fricke et al. 2013:251 [ref. 32706], Page et al. 2013:60 [ref. 32708], Larson et al. 2013:24 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:17 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:145 [ref. 34104], Ho et al. 2015:152 [ref. 34130], Motomura et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34709], Fourriére et al. 2016:441 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:6 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:2 [ref. 35354], Fricke et al. 2018:33 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:19 [ref. 36273], Huang et al. 2018:[2] [ref. 35898], Arndt & Fricke 2019:23 [ref. 36883], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:115 [ref. 40104], Eagderi et al. 2019:17 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:50 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36871], Smith et al. 2019:9 [ref. 37159], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 4 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:272 [ref. 37272], Ramos-Castro et al. 2020:83 [ref. 37651], Love et al. 2021:32 [ref. 39279], Eudeline 2022:133 [ref. 39191], Grove et al. 2022:15 [ref. 41326], Kang et al. 2022:479 [ref. 39559], Smith & Böhlke 2022:40 [ref. 39681], Page et al. 2023:51 [ref. 40505], Murase et al. 2023:38 [ref. 40935], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40981], Allen & Erdmann 2024:86 [ref. 40796], Fricke et al. 2024:79 [ref. 41255], Fricke et al. 2024:113 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Mayotte (France), Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to southern Korea, southern Japan and Johnston Atoll, south to Western Australia and New Caledonia; eastern Pacific: couthern Baja California Sur and southern Gulf of California (Mexico) south to Colombia, including Clipperton Island (France) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2019): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.