taurus, Carcharias Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:10, Pl. 14 (fig. 1) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] [Sicilia] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:45 [ref. 3595]. •Valid as Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Quéro in Whitehead et al. 1984:79 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:216 [ref. 6474], Bass & Compagno 1986:104 [ref. 5637], Capapé 1987:22 [ref. 39326], Allen & Swainston 1988:20 [ref. 25477], Randall et al. 1990:16 [ref. 15987], Randall et al. 1997:16 [ref. 25919], Nakabo 2000:123 [ref. 25086], Nakabo 2002:123 [ref. 26001], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Golani 2005:8 [ref. 37112]). •Valid as Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Springer 1973:11 [ref. 7162], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:7 [ref. 6441], Menni 1986:434 [ref. 11487], Robins & Ray 1986:18 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:11 [ref. 25518], Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:220 [ref. 36138], Boschung 1992:19 [ref. 23239], Last & Stevens 1994:145 [ref. 23873], Goren & Dor 1994:1 [ref. 25356], Murdy et al. 1997:24 [ref. 23144], McEachran & Fechhelm 1998:58 [ref. 23897], Musick et al. 2000:8 [ref. 24959], Krupp et al. 2000:325 [ref. 25117], Hutchins 2001:13 [ref. 25847]). •Valid as Carcharias taurus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Paxton et al. 1989:63 [ref. 12442], McAllister 1990:28 [ref. 14674], Springer 1990:81 [ref. 19319], Kuiter 1993:14 [ref. 23929], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:73 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:148 [ref. 22532], Randall 1995:23 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:40 [ref. 23977], Compagno & Niem 1998:1266 [ref. 23787], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:118 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:68 [ref. 25466], Johnson 1999:719 [ref. 25471], Compagno 1999:477 [ref. 25589], Compagno in Randall & Lim 2000:578 [ref. 25122], Compagno 2001:58 [ref. 26323], Soto 2001:65, 86 [ref. 26637], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:9 [ref. 26753], Branstetter in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:25 [ref. 26158], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:24 [ref. 27192], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S91 [ref. 27377], Compagno 2003:422 [ref. 26984], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:73 [ref. 28072], Nelson et al. 2004:51 [ref. 27807], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:75 [ref. 27705], Bonfil & Abdallah 2004:18 [ref. 27735], Mundy 2005:94 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:64 [ref. 28997], Moore et al. 2007:67 [ref. 29311], Fricke et al. 2007:11 [ref. 29533], Wirtz et al. 2007:23 [ref. 30263], White 2008:34 [ref. 30617], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:5 [ref. 36649], Castro 2011:208 [ref. 31457], Moore et al. 2012:6 [ref. 31771], Page et al. 2013:49 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:114 [ref. 32972], Larson et al. 2013:6 [ref. 32988], Ebert et al. 2013:308 [ref. 33045], Psomadakis et al. 2015:73 [ref. 34104], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:72 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:16 [ref. 34211], Compagno 2016:1223 [ref. 34544], Nión et al. 2016:19 [ref. 35565], White et al. 2017:92 [ref. 35860], Ali et al. 2018:300 [ref. 36183], Ehemann et al. 2018:21 [ref. 36194], Golani & Fricke 2018:8 [ref. 36273], Kumar et al. 2018:295 [ref. 36178], Spier et al. 2018:4 [ref. 36103], Tyabji et al. 2018:15 [ref. 36598], White & Ko'ou 2018:24 [ref. 35922], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:54 [ref. 37302], Carneiro et al. 2019:17 [ref. 37250], Eagderi et al. 2019:8 [ref. 37020], Hoschke et al. 2019:153[ref. 36626], Parenti 2019:101 [ref. 37117], Reiner 2019:24 [ref. 38139], Stone & Shimada 2019:633 [ref. 37195], Kabasakal 2020:60 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37519], Psomadakis et al. 2020:163 [ref. 37272], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Ebert et al. 2021:39 [ref. 38234], Giovos et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38895], Golani 2021:6 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:8 [ref. 39014], Barone et al. 2022:10 [ref. 39527], Fermon et al. 2022:91 [ref. 39448], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:10 [ref. 41223], Human 2022:463 [ref. 39664], Hsu et al. 2022:3 [ref. 39567], Balàka et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40410], Carvalho-Filho 2023:296 [ref. 40480], Castillo Domínguez et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40663], Page et al. 2023:37 [ref. 40505], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810], Fricke et al. 2024:61 [ref. 41622], Gadig et al. 2024:19 [ref. 40775], Leeney 2024:40 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Carcharias taurus Rafinesque 1810. Carchariidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf), but not in eastern and central Pacific. Habitat: marine.