Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Microdesmidae: [ 114 ] records

aethiopicum, Leptocerdale Chabanaud [P.] 1927:230 [1] [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 33 (no. 3); ref. 15781] Malimba Bay, Kwele-Kwele Island, in Douala Bay, Cameroon. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1927-0285. Type catalog: Bauchot 1967:38 [ref. 20734], Bauchot et al. 1991:47 [ref. 19958]. A second specimen described and figured in Chabanaud 1928:280-285 [ref. 17982]. •Valid as Microdesmus aethiopicus (Chabanaud 1927) -- (Dawson 1990:960 [ref. 17542], Harrison et al. 2007:545 [ref. 30083], Schliewen 2011:219 [ref. 31738], Thacker in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2845 [ref. 34618], Skelton 2019:228 [ref. 36564], Fermon et al. 2022:225 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus aethiopicus (Chabanaud 1927). Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Cameroon south to northern Angola, including Bioko (Aequatorial Guinea). Habitat: brackish, marine.

affinis, Microdesmus Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1928:955, Pl. 98 (fig. 1) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 249); ref. 2964] Chame Point, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype (unique): USNM 84300. Holotype illustrated in Reid 1936:65, fig. 11a [ref. 13738]. •Valid as Microdesmus affinis Meek & Hildebrand 1928 -- (Nelson et al. 2004:173 [ref. 27807], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus affinis Meek & Hildebrand 1928. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

africanus, Microdesmus Dawson [C. E.] 1979:204, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1979 (no. 2); ref. 6947] Banana (Banane), Kinshasa [Léopoldville], Congo River estuary, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: AMNH 29404. Paratypes: GCRL 16026 (1, c&s). •Valid as Microdesmus africanus Dawson 1979 -- (Dawson 1990:960 [ref. 17542], Schliewen 2011:219 [ref. 31738], Thacker in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2845 [ref. 34618]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus africanus Dawson 1979. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Congo River estuary. Habitat: brackish, marine.

amblyopinus, Orthostomus Kner [R.] 1868:29 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 58 (nos 1-2); ref. 6074] Singapore. No types known. Appeared in more detail in Kner 1868:330 [p. 38 of separate], Pl. 6 (fig. 16) [ref. 2646]. •Possibly a cepolid or as ?Oxymetopon amblyopinus (Kner 1868) -- (Larson et al. 2008:151 [ref. 29532]). Current status: Uncertain as Oxymetopon amblyopinus (Kner 1868). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

andamensis, Ptereleotris Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1939:345 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 41 (pt 4); ref. 2127] Curlew Island, Stewart Sound, North Andaman Islands. Holotype: ZSI (whereabouts unknown). Paratypes: (3) CAS-SU 37166 (2), ZSI F4810/2 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:107 [ref. 12291]. •Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:22 [ref. 5197]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

aporos, Parioglossus Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:175, Figs. 6, 20 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 36 (no 4); ref. 5859] Tandjung Point, Papremkama, Teluk, Butung [Buton] Island, 5°24'30"S, 122°37'28"E, Indonesia, depth 1-8 meters. Holotype: USNM 257045. Paratypes: AMS I/24319-001 [ex USNM 260326] (3), USNM 260326 (13, 2 c&s). •Valid as Parioglossus aporos Rennis & Hoese 1985 -- (Suzuki & Senou 1994:285 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:4 [ref. 24344], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:24 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Allen & Erdmann 2012:995 [ref. 31980]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus aporos Rennis & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: brackish.

arabica, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:(7) 8, Pl. 1 (fig. A); Fig. 1 [Indo-Pacific Fishes No. 7; ref. 5197] Off desalination plant, Eilat, Israel, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, depth 15 meters. Holotype: BPBM 18288. Paratypes: AMS I.25403-001 (1); BPBM 21495 (1), 30659-60 (2, 3); USNM 258653 (1). •Valid as Ptereleotris arabica Randall & Hoese 1985 -- (Goren & Dor 1994:67 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:347 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:216 [ref. 23922], Randall & Shen 2002:492 [ref. 26738] as arabicus, Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Shibukawa 2009:292 [ref. 30449], Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:84 [ref. 37020], Zajonz et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36871] as cf. arabica, Kodeeswaran & Praveenraj 2020:428 [ref. 37850], Larson 2022:195 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:30 [ref. 40247]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris arabica Randall & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Maldives, and Andaman Sea. Habitat: marine.

asayake, Navigobius Okamoto [M.] & Motomura [H.] 2018:374, Figs. 1, 2, 4A [Zootaxa 4526 (no. 3); ref. 36336] Off Satsuma Peninsula, Kagoshima, Japan, depth 150 meters. Holotype: KAUM-I 115659. Paratypes: KAUM-I. Plus aditional non-type material. •Valid as Navigobius asayake Okamoto & Motomura 2018. Current status: Valid as Navigobius asayake Okamoto & Motomura 2018. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Japan. Habitat: marine.

bahianus, Microdesmus Dawson [C. E.] 1973:203, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 86 (no. 17); ref. 17328] Tidepool at Arembepe, about 12°45'S, 38°10'W, Bahia, Brazil. Holotype (unique): USNM 209216. Non-types (provisionally referred): ANSP 103427 (1). •Valid as Microdesmus bahianus Dawson 1973 -- (Smith & Thacker 2000:1002 [ref. 25199], Amaya et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26089], Thacker 2003:1798 [ref. 27112], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:100 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:66 [ref. 27621], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Carvalho-Filho in Marceniuk et al. 2021:247 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:243 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus bahianus Dawson 1973. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) south to Espírito Santo (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

bilineatus, Cerdale Clark [H. W.] 1936:394 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 4) v. 21 (no. 29); ref. 839] Indefatigable [Santa Cruz] Island, Galápagos Islands. Holotype (unique): CAS 3245. •Valid as Clarkichthys bilineatus (Clark 1936) -- (Dawson 1974:440 [ref. 7122], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:561 [ref. 24023] [but see McCosker 1998:810 [ref. 24025]], Nelson et al. 2004:173 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:163 [ref. 37547], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Clarkichthys bilineatus (Clark 1936). Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

bockensis, Gracileotris Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1953:190 [Philippine Journal of Science v. 82 (no. 2); ref. 2144] Bock Island, Rongeril Atoll, western Pacific. Holotype: apparently lost. Paratypes: (6) USNM 202545 [ex UW 8434] (1). •Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:22 [ref. 5197]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

borneensis, Parioglossus Koumans [F. P.] in Weber & de Beaufort 1953:363, Fig. 89 [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago v. 10; ref. 2678] Balikpapan Bay, Borneo, Indonesia. Holotype: ZMA 110139. Paratypes: RMNH 17094 (1), ZMA 110140 (1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:101 [ref. 19236]. •Synonym of Parioglossus palustris (Herre 1945) -- (Rennis & Hoese 1985:181 [ref. 5859], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Parioglossus palustris (Herre 1945). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

brachyptera, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Suzuki [T.] 2008:91, Figs. 1-2 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 14 (no.2); ref. 29664] Ngargol Island, northwest side, Palau, depth 24 meters. Holotype: BPBM 31426. Paratypes: AMS I.44580-001 (1); BMNH 2007.12.20.1 (1); BPBM 31346 (1), 39685 (1), 40878 (1); NSMT P 79375 (1); ROM 81231 (1); USNM 392607 (1). •Valid as Ptereleotris brachyptera Randall & Suzuki 2008 -- (Allen & Erdmann 2012:998 [ref. 31980]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris brachyptera Randall & Suzuki 2008. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Brunei, Palau and Marshall Islands. Habitat: marine.

brachypterus, Aioliops Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1987:75, Figs. 2a, 10a, 12 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 39 (no. 1); ref. 6602] Mini Rock Island, El Nido Island, Philippines. Holotype: NSMT-P 44087. Paratypes: LICPP 1984275 (7) •Valid as Aioliops brachypterus Rennis & Hoese 1987 -- (Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:640 [ref. 25122], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Erdmann 2012:992 [ref. 31980]). Current status: Valid as Aioliops brachypterus Rennis & Hoese 1987. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

caeruleolineatus, Parioglossus Suzuki [T.], Yonezawa [T.] & Sakaue [J.] 2010:32, Figs. 1-4 [Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science (Ser. A) Supplement No. 4; ref. 30805] Uchiumi, Amani-oshima Island, Amami Group, Ryukyu Islands, Japan (28°17'20"N, 129°26'43"E), depth 0.5 meters. Holotype: OMNH-P 35160. Paratypes: KAUM-I 21465 (1), 21466 (1); KPM-NI 23891 (1); NSMT-P 96052 (1); OMNH-P 35161 (1), 35162 (1, c&s); ROM 84674 (1). Plus non-type photographed specimens. •Valid as Parioglossus caeruleolineatus Suzuki, Yonezawa & Sakaue 2010. Current status: Valid as Parioglossus caeruleolineatus Suzuki, Yonezawa & Sakaue 2010. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Habitat: brackish, marine.

caeruleomarginata, Ptereleotris Allen [G. R.] & Erdmann [M. V.] 2012:1190, Figs. 1-3 [Reef fishes of the East Indies.; ref. 31980] Havelock Island, 12°03.297'N, 92°57.2525'E, Andaman Islands, depth 45 meters. Holotype (unique): WAM P.33246-004. •Valid as Ptereleotris caeruleomarginata Allen & Erdmann 2012. Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris caeruleomarginata Allen & Erdmann 2012. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Andaman Islands. Habitat: marine.

caledonicus, Lepidoblennius Sauvage [H.-E.] 1874:338 [Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Sér. 3) v. 2 [1874]; ref. 3873] New Caledonia, southwestern Pacific. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-8158. Type catalog: Bauchot 1967:55 [ref. 20734]. The holotype of Lepidoblennius caledonicus Sauvage 1874 is a microdesmid, not a clinid (R. Fricke, unpublished, Sept. 2009). The New Caledonian clinid species is still undescribed. •Valid as Springeratus caledonicus (Sauvage 1874) -- (Hoese 2006:1538 [ref. 28998] in Clinidae, Patzner et al. 2009:468 [ref. 30396] in Clinidae). •Status uncertain; in the family Microdesmidae (not a Springeratus). Microdesmidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

calliurus, Ioglossus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] (ex Bean) 1882:297 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 282); ref. 2472] Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A. (stomach contents). Syntypes: USNM 30198 (1), 30797 (2). Appeared first as name only in Goode & Bean 1882:236 [ref. 20598], then as above. Appeared later as Bean in Goode & Bean 1882:419 [ref. 1840]; specimens used in 1882:419 are USNM 30198 (1) and 30797 (2). •Valid as Ioglossus calliurus Jordan & Gilbert 1882 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:248 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:165 [ref. 23239]). •Valid as Ptereleotris calliura (Jordan & Gilbert 1882) -- (Schwartz 1999:289 [ref. 25307], Gasparini et al. 2001:110 [ref. 25302] as calliurus, Bussing 2001:138 [ref. 26033] as calliurus, Murdy & Hoese 2003:1794 [ref. 27111] as calliurus, Ross & Rhode 2004:315 [ref. 27789] as calliurus Bean 1882, Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:726 [ref. 28815], Van Tassell 2011:147 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Robertson et al. 2016:148 [ref. 34961]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris calliura (Jordan & Gilbert 1882). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

carinata, Ptereleotris Bussing [W. A.] 2001:134 [Revista de Biología Tropical v. 49 (Suppl. 1); ref. 26033] Isla San José, Perlas Islands, Panama, 08°14'N, 79°02'W, depth 12-15 meters. Holotype: USNM 322699. Paratypes: SIO 65-290-58 (3); UCR 2269-1 (2), 2400-1 (1); USNM 322701 (2), 356855 (9). Type catalog: Angulo et al. 2015:382 [ref. 35212]. •Valid as Ptereleotris carinata Bussing 2001 -- (Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Van Tassell 2011:147 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:207 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris carinata Bussing 2001. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Colombia, including Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

carri, Microdesmus Gilbert [C. R.] 1966:326, Figs. 1A-B [Copeia 1966 (no. 2); ref. 9031] Western side of Tortuguero lagoon, Limon Province, Costa Rica. Holotype: UF 12012. Paratypes: ANSP 102210 (2); FMNH 72740 (2); TU 36400 (2); UF 11199 (1), 11297 (20, 2 c&s), 11199 (1), 215387 [ex UMML 15387] (2); UMMZ 187502 (2); USNM 208573 (2), 209096 (2). Type catalog: Suttkus 1970:128 [ref. 20861], Gilbert 1974:111 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:56 [ref. 12367], Bart & Taylor 1993:65 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Microdesmus carri Gilbert 1966 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:454 [ref. 24550], Smith & Thacker 2000:1005 [ref. 25199], Amaya et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26089], Smith et al. 2003:66 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:732 [ref. 28815], Matamoros et al. 2009:26 [ref. 31241], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Carvalho-Filho 2023:243 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus carri Gilbert 1966. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico south to Bahia (Brazil). Habitat: brackish, marine.

compressus, Oxymetopon Chan [W. L.] 1966:2, Fig. 1 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 14 (nos 1-3); ref. 7948] Taitam Bay, about 1500 yards northwest of Beaufort Island, Lemma Channel, Hong Kong, depth 8-9 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1965.11.6.2. •Valid as Oxymetopon compressus Chan 1966 -- (Ikeda et al. 2000:2 [ref. 25036], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:640 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1262 [ref. 25182], Nakabo 2002:1262 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Allen & Erdmann 2012:994 [ref. 31980], Prokofiev 2016:135 [ref. 34651] as compressum, Koeda & Ho 2019:87 [ref. 36584]). Current status: Valid as Oxymetopon compressus Chan 1966. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Samoa and Gulf of Thailand, to Papua New Guinea and Australia, ranging to southern China. Habitat: marine.

copleyi, Paragobioides Smith [J. L. B.] 1951:521, Fig. 1-2 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12) v. 4 (no. 41) (art. 52); ref. 12918] Western Indian Ocean: Mozambique, Baixo Pinda, Mombassa. Syntypes: (5) SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 130 (2), 173 (1), 53797 (1). •Valid as Gunnellichthys copleyi (Smith 1951) -- (Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Heemstra et al. 2004:3330 [ref. 27945], Hoese 2006:1704 [ref. 28998], Fricke et al. 2018:345 [ref. 35805], Larson 2022:188 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Gunnellichthys copleyi (Smith 1951). Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, Seychelles, Aldabra (Seychelles), Madagascar and Mascarenes (Rodrigues). Habitat: marine.

crossogenion, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Suzuki [T.] 2008:94, Fig. 3 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 14 (no.2); ref. 29664] Patch reef in lagoon east of Nagada Harbor, 5°09'44"S, 145°49'08"E, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, depth 27 meters. Holotype (unique): BPBM 32556. •Valid as Ptereleotris crossogenion Randall & Suzuki 2008 -- (Allen & Erdmann 2012:999 [ref. 31980]), Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932]. Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris crossogenion Randall & Suzuki 2008. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

curiosus, Gunnellichthys Dawson [C. E.] 1968:54, Figs. 1-4 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 81; ref. 7885] Southeast of point forming south end of Laraie Bay, Curieuse Island, Seychelles, western Indian Ocean, depth about 30 feet. Holotype (unique): ANSP 103611. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Gunnellichthys curiosus Dawson 1968 -- (Randall et al. 1990:413 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:26 [ref. 21131], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977] with genus as Gunnelichthys, Senou et al. 1997:4 [ref. 24381], Randall et al. 1997:413 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965] with genus as Gunnelichthys, Nakabo 2000:1261 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:419 [ref. 25191], Allen 2000:122 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1261 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830] with genus as Gunnelichthys, Kimura et al. 2003:2 [ref. 27051], Myers & Donaldson 2003:645 [ref. 27495], Heemstra et al. 2004:3330 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:396 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:562 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:483 [ref. 28379], Hoese 2006:1704 [ref. 28998], Randall 2007:409 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:104 [ref. 30213], Allen & Erdmann 2012:990 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33932], Fricke et al. 2018:345 [ref. 35805], Larson 2022:189 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Gunnellichthys curiosus Dawson 1968. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to Taiwan and southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

curticauda, Oxymetopon Prokofiev [A. M.] 2016:131, Figs. 1-2 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 56 (no. 2); ref. 34651] Van Phong Bay, Vietnam, 12°35'144"-12°37'763"N, 109°27'068"-109°27'009"E, depth 29-44 meters. Holotype: ZMMU 23147. Paratypes: ZMMU 23148 (22). •Valid as Oxymetopon curticauda Prokofiev 2016. Current status: Valid as Oxymetopon curticauda Prokofiev 2016. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: marine.

cyanoctenosum, Oxymetopon Klausewitz [W.] & Condé [B.] 1981:71, Figs. 1, 10-17, 19e [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 8 (no. 3); ref. 5479] Probably from off Cebu Island, Philippines. Holotype (unique): SMF 15390. •Valid as Oxymetopon cyanoctenosum Klausewitz & Condé 1981 -- (Allen 1997:222 [ref. 23977], Ikeda et al. 2000:2 [ref. 25036], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Allen & Erdmann 2012:995 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932], Prokofiev 2016:136 [ref. 34651], Koeda & Ho 2019:85 [ref. 36584]). Current status: Valid as Oxymetopon cyanoctenosum Klausewitz & Condé 1981. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia and Philippines, north to Taiwan, south to Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

cyanops, Ptereleotris Kodeeswaran [P.] & Praveenraj [J.] 2020:424, Figs. 1-4 [Zootaxa 4861 (no. 3); ref. 37850] Royapuram Fishing Harbour, Chennai Coast, Tamil Nadu, India, 13°07'24.49"N, 80°17'52.20"E. Holotype: NBFGR GOBPCYA. Paratypes: CIARI MF-06 (1), NBFGR GOBPCYA.1-3 (3). •Valid as Ptereleotris cyanops Kodeeswaran & Praveenraj 2020. Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris cyanops Kodeeswaran & Praveenraj 2020. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Chennai Coast, Bay of Bengal, eastern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

decora, Nemateleotris Randall [J. E.] & Allen [G. R.] 1973:361, Figs. 3B, 6-7 [Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum (Taipei) v. 26 (nos 3/4); ref. 7123] Southwestern side of Augulupelu Reef, 7°15'33"N, 134°31'33"E, Palau Islands, Philippine Sea, western Pacific, depth 52 meters. Holotype: BPBM 9533. Paratypes: AMS I.16877-001 (1); BMNH 1973.5.10.2 (1); BPBM 14728-30 (1, 1, 2); CAS 27590 (1); USNM 209307 (4). •Valid as Nemateleotris decora Randall & Allen 1973 -- (Akihito in Masuda et al. 1984:245 [ref. 6441], Randall et al. 1990:415 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:27 [ref. 21131], Kuiter 1997:362 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:415 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:525 [ref. 24106], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:1262 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:420 [ref. 25191], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1262 [ref. 26193], Randall & Shen 2002:493 [ref. 26738], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:564 [ref. 28239], Randall et al. 2005:130 [ref. 28745], Hoese 2006:1707 [ref. 28998], Shao et al. 2008:262 [ref. 29952], Fricke et al. 2009:104 [ref. 30213], Shibukawa 2009:290 [ref. 30449], Motomura et al. 2010:223 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:993 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932], Koeda et al. 2016:96 [ref. 35333], Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Fricke et al. 2019:293 [ref. 36673], Durville et al. 2021:314 [ref. 38802], Larson 2022:190 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:29 [ref. 40247], Tea & Larson 2023:254 [ref. 40057]). Current status: Valid as Nemateleotris decora Randall & Allen 1973. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, western Mascarenes (La Pérouse Seamount, Réunion and Mauritius) east to Pohnpei (Micronesia) and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands (Japan), south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

dewa, Navigobius Hoese [D. F.] & Motomura [H.] 2009:52, Figs. 1-2 [Zootaxa No. 2312; ref. 30598] Off Sakurajima, 31°35'35"N, 130°35'25"E, Kagoshima Bay, Kagosima Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: AMS I.44800. Paratypes: KAUM-I.5516 (1), I.5517 (1). •Valid as Navigobius dewa Hoese & Motomura 2009 -- (Motomura et al. 2010:223 [ref. 31256], Dewa et al. 2010:89 [ref. 31556], Allen et al. 2015:19 [ref. 34132], Prokofiev 2016:652 [ref. 35020], Gill et al. 2017:377 [ref. 35670], Okamoto & Motomura 2018:378 [ref. 36336]). Current status: Valid as Navigobius dewa Hoese & Motomura 2009. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: southern Japan and Ryukyu Islands. Habitat: marine.

dipus, Microdesmus Günther [A.] 1864:26, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 1) (art. 4) (for 26 Jan. 1864); ref. 5752] Pacific coast of Panama. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1863.12.16.44 (poor condition). Also appeared in Günther 1864:231 [ref. 1976]. •Valid as Microdesmus dipus Günther 1864 -- (Dawson 1968:513 [ref. 7884], Allen & Robertson 1994:270 [ref. 22193], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:561 [ref. 24023] [but see McCosker 1998:810 [ref. 24025]], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:453 [ref. 24550], Hastings & Springer 2002:544 [ref. 26375], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:149 [ref. 34871]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus dipus Günther 1864. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dispersus, Ptereleotris Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1927:83, Pl. 6 (fig. 3) [Monographs, Bureau of Science Manila Monogr. 23; ref. 2104] Santo Domingo de Basco, Batan Island, Philippines. Holotype: BSMP (presumed destroyed). Paratypes: BSMP (1) presumed destroyed. •Synonym of Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:11 [ref. 5197]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

dorsipunctatus, Microdesmus Dawson [C. E.] 1968:523, Figs. 1-4, 8, 10 [Copeia 1968 (no. 3); ref. 7884] Mangrove slough, behind Fort Kobbe beach, Pacific coast of Panama, about 8°54'N, 79°35'15"W, depth 0-4 feet. Holotype: USNM 202426. Paratypes: ANSP 111200 (2); BMNH 1967.12.30.4-5 (2); GCRL V67:2306 (19, 2 c&s), V67:2307-09 (30, 4, 5); INIBP uncat. (2); SIO 65-182 (1); UF 223551 [ex UMML 23551] (2); UMMZ 187473 (2); USNM 202427-28 (4, 3). Other material: GCRL V67:2310 (1), GCRL V67:2311 (46, 4 cs). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Microdesmus dorsipunctatus Dawson 1968 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:270 [ref. 22193], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:453 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:163 [ref. 37547], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Angulo et al. 2013:1009 [ref. 33194], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:149 [ref. 34871], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:92 [ref. 35859], Love et al. 2021:207 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus dorsipunctatus Dawson 1968. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

dotui, Parioglossus Tomiyama [I.] in Tomiyama & Abe 1958:1179, Pl. 230 (fig. 582) [Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan v. 57; ref. 12120] Mogi, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Holotype: ZUMT 49172 (poor condition). Paratypes: ZUMT 49173-76 (4). Additional material: ZUMT 37988 (1), 49171 (1), 49177-78 (2), 49206-10 (5). •Valid as Parioglossus dotui Tomiyama 1958 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:344 [ref. 7348], Yoshino & Senou in Masuda et al. 1984:247 [ref. 6441], Rennis & Hoese 1985:175 [ref. 5859], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:564 [ref. 25598], Dingerkus & Séret 1992:136 [ref. 19735], Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:2 [ref. 24344], Kim 1997:469 [ref. 24032], Takahashi et al. 1997:47 [ref. 24971], Mizuno et al. 1999:11 [ref. 25311], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1264 [ref. 25182], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:253 [ref. 25480], Shinohara et al. 2000:183 [ref. 25987], Sakai et al. 2001:120 [ref. 25693] as dotsui, Kim & Park 2002:393 [ref. 25913], Nakabo 2002:1264 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:399. 666 [ref. 26218], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:26 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Motomura et al. 2010:223 [ref. 31256], Matsui et al. 2014:12 [ref. 33344], Kwun et al. 2017:143 [ref. 37287], Kim et al. 2020:175 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:109 [ref. 37637], Fujiwara et al. 2022:93 [ref. 39094]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus dotui Tomiyama 1958. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: southern Korea and Japan. Habitat: brackish, marine.

elongata, Eleotris Alleyne [H. G.] & Macleay [W.] 1877:334, Pl. 13 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 1 (pts 3-4); ref. 101] Erub [= Darnley] Island, 9°35'S, 143°46'E, Torres Strait, Queensland, Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS I.16383-001 [ex MAMU F962]. Type catalog: Koumans 1940:158 [ref. 2676], Stanbury 1969:208 [ref. 19518]. •Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:22 [ref. 5197], Hoese 2006:1709 [ref. 28998]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

evides, Encaeura Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:303, Pl. 11 (fig. 2) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 2486] Wakanoura, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, Inland Sea. Holotype: FMNH 58821 [ex CM 7931]. Paratypes: CAS-SU 23551 (1). Type catalog: Henn 1928:96 [ref. 12305], Böhlke 1953:106 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:34 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925) -- (Dor 1984:249 [ref. 29757], Shen & Lin 1984:18 [ref. 13822], Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:245 [ref. 6441], Randall & Hoese 1985:11 [ref. 5197], Hoese 1986:802 [ref. 5670], Randall et al. 1990:416 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:27 [ref. 21131], Kuiter 1993:364 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:167 [ref. 25479], Goren & Dor 1994:67 [ref. 25356], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:362 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:416 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:526 [ref. 24106], Randall 1999:27 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1267 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:421 [ref. 25191], Allen 2000:122 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1267 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:76 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:126 [ref. 27715], Heemstra et al. 2004:3330 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:397 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:566 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1708 [ref. 28998], Fricke et al. 2009:104 [ref. 30213], Shibukawa 2009:293 [ref. 30449], Motomura et al. 2010:224 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:999 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:270 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932], Koeda et al. 2016:96 [ref. 35333], Fricke et al. 2018:346 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:125 [ref. 40104], Fricke et al. 2019:294 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36871], Fujiwara et al. 2020:38 [ref. 38631], Sonoyama et al. 2020:109 [ref. 37637], Larson 2022:195 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:30 [ref. 40247], Sato et al. 2023:11 [ref. 40949]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Madagascar, Seychelles and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Wake Atoll and Oeno (Pitcairn Group), north to central Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), Sydney (New South Wales, Australia), New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and Rapa. Habitat: marine.

exquisita, Nemateleotris Randall [J. E.] & Connell [A. D.] 2013:25, Figs. 9-11 [Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation v. 8; ref. 32942] West coast off Wolmar, rubble and sand bottom near base of vertical drop-off, Mauritius, depth 56 meters. Holotype: BPBM 16173. Paratypes: BPBM 21528 (1), 34640 (2); 22544 (2); CAS 234071(1); SMF 34718 (1); SAIAB 185925 (1), 186384 (3); USNM 405534 (1). •Valid as Nemateleotris exquisita Randall & Connell 2013 -- (Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Tea et al. 2020:3 [ref. 37258]). •Synonym of Nemateleotris decora Randall & Allen 1973 -- (Larson 2022:190 [ref. 39971], Tea & Larson 2023:254 [ref. 40057]). Current status: Synonym of Nemateleotris decora Randall & Allen 1973. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Habitat: marine.

fasciata, Cerdale Dawson [C. E.] 1974:428, Figs. 14-15 [Copeia 1974 (no. 2); ref. 7122] Ilha Itaparica, Bahia, Barra do Pote, Brazil, depth 0.1 meter. Holotype: USNM 209536 [exchanged to Univ. Sao Paulo]. Paratypes: GCRL 10702 (1, c&s). •Valid as Cerdale fasciata Dawson 1974 -- (Amaya et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26089], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:100 [ref. 27192], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Carvalho-Filho 2023:243 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Cerdale fasciata Dawson 1974. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bahia (Brazil) endemic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fehlmanni, Paragunnellichthys Dawson [C. E.] 1969:373, Figs. 1-4 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 82; ref. 7732] Diego Garcia Atoll, Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean, 7°15'43"S, 72°22'36"E. Holotype: USNM 203830. Paratypes: GCRL 3452 (1, c&s); USNM 203831 (1, c&s), 203832 (2). •Valid as Paragunnellichthys fehlmanni Dawson 1969 -- (Larson 2022:192 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Paragunnellichthys fehlmanni Dawson 1969. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory). Habitat: marine.

filamentosum, Oxymetopon Fourmanoir [P.] 1967:271, Fig. 4 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 39 (no. 2); ref. 7961] Vietnam. Syntypes: IOI (2) [whereabouts unknown]. •Valid as Oxymetopon filamentosum Fourmanoir 1967 -- (Ikeda et al. 2000:2 [ref. 25036], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Prokofiev 2016:133 [ref. 34651]). Current status: Valid as Oxymetopon filamentosum Fourmanoir 1967. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

floridana, Cerdale Longley [W. H.] 1934:259 [Carnegie Institution of Washington Publications No. 33; ref. 13896] Florida, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 102050. Paratypes: (2) USNM 102051 (4), 116991 (2) [some possibly not types]. •Valid as Cerdale floridana Longley 1934 -- (Dawson 1974:423 [ref. 7122], Robins & Ray 1986:255 [ref. 23100], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:320 [ref. 25013], Smith & Thacker 2000:1000 [ref. 25199], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:168 [ref. 27754], Amaya et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26089], Thacker 2003:1798 [ref. 27112], Smith et al. 2003:66 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:173 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:731 [ref. 28815], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:81 [ref. 33341]). Current status: Valid as Cerdale floridana Longley 1934. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

formosa, Herrea Smith [H. M.] 1931:40 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 79 (no. 2873); ref. 4047] Koh Chula, off mouth of Chantaburi River, Thailand. Holotype (unique): KUMF 0177 (poor condition) or 0178. Type catalog: Monkolprasit 1969:7 [ref. 23217]. Original holotype, USNM 90324, not received at USNM but is still at KUMF; neotype (USNM 119611) designated by H. M. Smith 1945:505 [ref. 4056] if needed. •Valid as Parioglossus formosus (Smith 1931) -- (Yoshino & Senou in Masuda et al. 1984:247 [ref. 6441], Rennis & Hoese 1985:177 [ref. 5859], Allen & Swainston 1988:136 [ref. 25477], Kottelat et al. 1993:156 [ref. 23448], Suzuki & Senou 1994:285 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:2 [ref. 24344], Allen 1997:218 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:133 [ref. 22867], Randall et al. 1997:537 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1263 [ref. 25182], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1263 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:188 [ref. 27510], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Randall 2005:565 [ref. 28239], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:25 [ref. 28502], Hoese 2006:1707 [ref. 28998], Shibukawa 2009:291 [ref. 30449], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Allen & Erdmann 2012:996 [ref. 31980], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989], Ghaffar in Motomura et al. 2021:75 [ref. 38121]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus formosus (Smith 1931). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Malaysia and Indonesia east to Philippines and Vanuatu, north to Ryukyu Islands (Japan), south to northern Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

formosum, Oxymetopon Fourmanoir [P.] 1967:272, Fig. 5 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 39 (no. 2); ref. 7961] Vietnam. Holotype: IOI. Paratypes: IOI (1). •Valid as Oxymetopon formosum Fourmanoir 1967 -- (Ikeda et al. 2000:2 [ref. 25036], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122]). •Synonym of Oxymetopon compressus Chan 1966 -- (Prokofiev 2016:135 [ref. 34651] as compressum). Current status: Synonym of Oxymetopon compressus Chan 1966. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

galzini, Parioglossus Williams [J. T.] & Lecchini [D.] 2004:3, Figs. 2-5 [Zootaxa No. 506; ref. 27684] Near Isle Tapui in Haurei bay, 27°36.3'S, 144°20.65'W, Rapa Island, French Polynesia, depth 1-1.5 meters. Holotype: USNM 375190. Paratypes: MNHN 2003-2680 (2), USNM 375191 (2). •Valid as Parioglossus galzini Williams & Lecchini 2004 -- (Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:26 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus galzini Williams & Lecchini 2004. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: French Polynesia: Rapa. Habitat: marine.

gertrudae, Taenioides Fowler [H. W.] 1925:17 [Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum No. 22; ref. 15538] Guam, Mariana Islands, western Pacific. Holotype: BPBM 3411. Paratypes: ANSP 85977 (1). Type catalog: Koumans 1940:157 [ref. 2676], Böhlke 1984:106 [ref. 13621]. Genus was spelled Taenaeoides in original description. •Synonym of Gunnellichthys pleurotaenia Bleeker 1858 -- (Myers & Donaldson 2003:645 [ref. 27495]). Current status: Synonym of Gunnellichthys pleurotaenia Bleeker 1858. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Habitat: marine.

grammica, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Lubbock [R.] 1982:41, Figs. 1-3 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 9 (no. 2); ref. 8427] Sesoko Island, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, depth 42 meters. Holotype: BPBM 21159. Paratypes: AMS I.22622-002 (2); BMNH 1981.7.29.1 (1), 1982.1.26.1-2 (2), 1982.1.26.3 (1); NSMT-P 21080 (1). •Valid as Ptereleotris grammica Randall & Lubbock 1982 -- (Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:246 [ref. 6441], Randall & Hoese 1985:13 [ref. 5197], Randall et al. 1990:416 [ref. 15987], Randall et al. 1997:416 [ref. 25919], Anderson et al. 1998:28 [ref. 23611], Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:526 [ref. 24106], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Allen & Erdmann 2012:999 [ref. 31980]). •Valid as Ptereleotris grammica Randall & Lubbock 1982, subspecies grammica Randall & Lubbock 1982 -- (Nakabo 2000:1267 [ref. 25182], Nakabo 2002:1267 [ref. 26193], Hoese 2006:1708 [ref. 28998], Randall & Suzuki 2008:100 [ref. 29664], Motomura et al. 2010:224 [ref. 31256], Sato et al. 2023:19 [ref. 40019]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris grammica Randall & Lubbock 1982. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines east to Palau and Solomon Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

grandoculis, Paragobioides Kendall [W. C.] & Goldsborough [E. L.] 1911:324, Pl. 6 (fig. 2) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 26 (pt 7); ref. 2594] Arhno Atoll, Marshall Islands, western Pacific. Holotype (unique): USNM 65975. Type information: Koumans 1940:129 [ref. 2676]. •Valid as Gunnellichthys grandoculis (Kendall & Goldsborough 1911) -- (Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296]). Current status: Valid as Gunnellichthys grandoculis (Kendall & Goldsborough 1911). Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

hanae, Vireosa Jordan [D. S.] & Snyder [J. O.] 1901:38, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 24 (no. 1244); ref. 2509] Off Misaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 6444. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:107 [ref. 12291]. Type information: Koumans 1940:140 [ref. 2676]. •Valid as Vireosa hanae Jordan & Snyder 1901 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:341 [ref. 7348], Yanagisawa 1978:316 [ref. 7028]). •Valid as Ptereleotris hanae (Jordan & Snyder 1901) -- (Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:246 [ref. 6441], Randall & Hoese 1985:14 [ref. 5197], Allen & Swainston 1988:136 [ref. 25477], Randall et al. 1990:416 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:363 [ref. 23929], Allen 1997:218 [ref. 23977], Randall et al. 1997:416 [ref. 25919], Anderson et al. 1998:28 [ref. 23611], see Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1266 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:421 [ref. 25191], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:254 [ref. 25480], Allen 2000:122 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Randall et al. 2002:163 [ref. 26192], Nakabo 2002:1266 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:399, 667 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:566 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1709 [ref. 28998], Randall & Suzuki 2008:94 [ref. 29664], Motomura et al. 2010:224 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1000 [ref. 31980], Matsui et al. 2014:12 [ref. 33344], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Kim et al. 2020:175 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:109 [ref. 37637], Kodeeswaran & Praveenraj 2020:426 [ref. 37850]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris hanae (Jordan & Snyder 1901). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Indonesia east to Samoa, north to southern Korea and Japan, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia) and Sydney (New South Wales, Australia). Habitat: marine.

helenae, Ioglossus Randall [J. E.] 1968:108, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyologica, the Aquarium Journal v. 39 (nos 3-4) (for July-Dec. 1967); ref. 7989] Negro Reef, 5 miles southwest of Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, West Indies, depth 45 feet. Holotype: USNM 201411. Paratypes: ANSP 103305 (1), 103617 (3); BMNH 1966.9.22.1-3 (3); LACM 6992-1 (3); MNHN 1966-0738 (2); SIO 66-264 (2); CAS-SU 63564-65 (1, 2); UF 13369 (1), 13370 (3), 206055 [ex UMML 6055] (1), 206231 [ex UMML 6231] (1), 209155 [ex UMML 9155] (2), ?222893 [ex UMML 22893] (1); UPR 2143 (2), 2391 (2); USNM 201412 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1974:112 [ref. 21035], Böhlke 1984:107 [ref. 13621], Bauchot et al. 1991:46 [ref. 19958]. •Valid as Ptereleotris helenae (Randall 1968) -- (Gasparini et al. 2001:110 [ref. 25302], Bussing 2001:138 [ref. 26033], Collette et al. 2003:124 [ref. 26784] dated 1967, Murdy & Hoese 2003:1794 [ref. 27111], Smith et al. 2003:66 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Van Tassell 2011:147 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:81 [ref. 33341], Robertson et al. 2020:155 [ref. 38098], Hoff et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40463], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40726]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris helenae (Randall 1968). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: including Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

helfrichi, Nemateleotris Randall [J. E.] & Allen [G. R.] 1973:355, Figs. 3C-5 [Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum (Taipei) v. 26 (nos 3/4); ref. 7123] Outside reef off Papeete Harbor, Tahiti, Society Islands, depth 43 meters. Holotype: BPBM 11595. Paratypes: AMS I.16876-001 (1); BMNH 1973.5.10.2 (1); BPBM 9527 (1), 10153 (1), 11598 (1), 12661 (2), 13095 (1), 13326 (1); CAS 27591 (1); USNM 209306 (1). Some paratypes are also paratypes of Nemateleotris lavendula Tea & Larson 2023. •Valid as Nemateleotris helfrichi Randall & Allen 1973 -- (Senou et al. 1997:5 [ref. 24368], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:1262 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:420 [ref. 25191], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1262 [ref. 26193], Myers & Donaldson 2003:645 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:564 [ref. 28239], Allen & Erdmann 2012:994 [ref. 31980], Randall & Connell 2013:20 [ref. 32942], Koeda et al. 2016:96 [ref. 35333], Tea & Larson 2023:254 [ref. 40057]). Current status: Valid as Nemateleotris helfrichi Randall & Allen 1973. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Southern central Pacific: Society Islands, Austral Islands, Marquesas Islands, Gambier Islands to Cook Islands, Polynesia. Habitat: marine.

heteropterus, Eleotris Bleeker [P.] 1855:422 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 9 (no. 3); ref. 16849] Rivers, Bandjarmasin, Borneo [Barito and Martapura River estuary, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia, Java Sea, eastern Indian Ocean]. Holotype (unique): RMNH 4680. Kottelat (2013) questions the collection in a river. •Valid as Ptereleotris heteroptera (Bleeker 1855) -- (Shen & Lin 1984:18 [ref. 13822], Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:246 [ref. 6441], Randall & Hoese 1985:16 [ref. 5197], Hoese 1986:802 [ref. 5670], Randall et al. 1990:417 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:27 [ref. 21131], Kuiter 1993:365 [ref. 23929], Goren & Dor 1994:67 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:348 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:362 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:417 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:527 [ref. 24106], Johnson 1999:750 [ref. 25471], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268] as heteropterus, Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1267 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:421 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:20 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:122 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1267 [ref. 26193], Randall & Shen 2002:492 [ref. 26738], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:265 [ref. 28072], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:398 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:566 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:483 [ref. 28379], Hoese 2006:1709 [ref. 28998], Randall 2007:410 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:104 [ref. 30213], Motomura et al. 2010:224 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1000 [ref. 31980], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989], Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Koeda et al. 2016:97 [ref. 35333], Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Fricke et al. 2019:294 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36871], Fujiwara et al. 2020:38 [ref. 38631], Durville et al. 2021:314 [ref. 38802], Wada et al. 2021:50 [ref. 38521], Larson 2022:195 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:30 [ref. 40247], Sato et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40949]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris heteroptera (Bleeker 1855). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), Marquesas Islands and Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan) and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

hildebrandi, Microdesmus Reid [E. D.] 1936:67, Pl. 2 (fig. 6); Figs. 9f, 11c [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 84 (no. 3002); ref. 13738] Chame Point, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype (unique): USNM 86547. •Valid as Microdesmus hildebrandi Reid 1936 -- (Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus hildebrandi Reid 1936. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Panama. Habitat: marine.

insolita, Pterocerdale Hoese [D. F.] & Motomura [H.] 2009:56, Figs. 3-4 [Zootaxa No. 2312; ref. 30598] Running Creek Mangrove, Weipa, Queensland, Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS I.23287-010. Original description did not discuss salinity/habitat. •Valid as Pterocerdale insolita Hoese & Motomura 2009. Current status: Valid as Pterocerdale insolita Hoese & Motomura 2009. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Queensland, Australia. Habitat: brackish.

intermedius, Microdesmus Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1928:957, Pl. 98 (fig. 2) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 249); ref. 2964] Chame Point, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype: USNM 84301. Paratypes: USNM 82680 (2). •Valid as Microdesmus intermedius Meek & Hildebrand 1928 -- (Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus intermedius Meek & Hildebrand 1928. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

interruptus, Parioglossus Suzuki [T.] & Senou [H.] 1994:281, Figs. 1-3 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 41 (no. 3); ref. 21557] Nakama River, Iriomote Island, Japan, 24°16'30"N, 123°52'40"E. Holotype: NSMT-P 46413. Paratypes: IOP 3358-61 (1, 1, 1, 4); NSMT-P 46414-15 (2); URM-P3174 (1, c&s), 7538 (2); YCM-SSP9193 (1). Type catalog: Shibata et al. 2011:21 [ref. 31469]. •Valid as Parioglossus interruptus Suzuki & Senou 1994 -- (Nakabo 2000:1265 [ref. 25182], Sakai et al. 2001:121 [ref. 25693], Nakabo 2002:1265 [ref. 26193], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:24 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Shibata et al. 2011:21 [ref. 31469], Allen & Erdmann 2012:996 [ref. 31980], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus interruptus Suzuki & Senou 1994. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea and Yaeyama Islands. Habitat: brackish.

ionthas, Cerdale Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:332 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 1 (for 1881); ref. 2471] Off French Port, Panama. Neotype: USNM 207593. Original syntypes (USNM 29664, 3 specimens) apparently not received at USNM. Neotype designated by Dawson 1974:423 [ref. 7122]. •Valid as Cerdale ionthas Jordan & Gilbert 1882 -- (Dawson 1974:417 [ref. 7122], Allen & Robertson 1994:270 [ref. 22193]). Current status: Valid as Cerdale ionthas Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

irideus, Gunnellichthys (Gunnellichthys) Smith [J. L. B.] 1958:128, Fig. 2F [Ichthyological Bulletin, Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University No. 9; ref. 4119] Pinda, Mozambique, western Indian Ocean. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 129. Paratypes: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 48039 (18), USNM 171757 (1). •Valid as Gunnellichthys irideus Smith 1958 -- (Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2022:189 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:28 [ref. 40247]). Current status: Valid as Gunnellichthys irideus Smith 1958. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Red Sea; western Indian Ocean: northern Mozambique. Habitat: marine.

itomanensis, Ptereleotris microlepis Aoyagi [H.] 1949:228 [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 58 (no. 12); ref. 21780] Itoman, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype (unique): not at YCM, apparently lost. Type information: Hayashi 1995:7 [ref. 22717]. Spelled itomanesnsis in main heading (p. 228) and itomaensis in summary on p. 230; named for type locality Itoman, and correct spelling would be itomanensis; we regard both spellings in the original as misspellings. •Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:22 [ref. 5197]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

kaguya, Navigobius Gill [A. C.], Tea [Y.-K.] & Senou [H.] 2017:372, Figs. 1-6 [Zootaxa 4347 (no. 2); ref. 35670] Japan, Ryukyu Islands, between Ie-jima Island and Okinawa-jima Islands, Nakanose, depth 42 meters. Holotype: KPM-NI 30. Paratypes: AMS I. 47320-001 (1). •Valid as Navigobius kaguya Gill, Tea & Senou 2017 -- (Okamoto & Motomura 2018:378 [ref. 36336]). Current status: Valid as Navigobius kaguya Gill, Tea & Senou 2017. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Ryukyu Islands (Japan) and Philippines. Maldives and Bali from photographs as cf. kaguya [ref. 35670]. Habitat: marine.

kallista, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Suzuki [T.] 2008:96, Figs. 4-5 [aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology v. 14 (no.2); ref. 29664] From aquarium fish supplies in Manila, Luzon, Philippines. Holotype: BPBM 40881. Paratypes: NSMT P 79557 (1). •Valid as Ptereleotris kallista Randall & Suzuki 2008 -- (Allen & Erdmann 2012:1000 [ref. 31980]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris kallista Randall & Suzuki 2008. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.

khanhoa, Navigobius Prokofiev [A. M.] 2016:651, Fig. 5 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 56 (no. 6); ref. 35020] Nha Trang Bay, to the north and west of the Grand Bank (Ran qiao), Vietnam. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23819. Might be based on a juvenile of a species of the genus Oxymetopon Bleeker (D. F. Hoese in Gill et al. 2017:379 [ref. 35670]). •Valid as Navigobius khanhoa Prokofiev 2016 -- (Gill et al. 2017:379 [ref. 35670], Prokofiev 2020:112 [116] [ref. 37916]). Current status: Uncertain as Navigobius khanhoa Prokofiev 2016. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: South China Sea (Vietnam). Habitat: marine.

knappi, Microdesmus Dawson [C. E.] 1972:192, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 85 (no. 15); ref. 219] Off Punta la Guida, about 3°51'00"N, 77°10'00"W, Bahia de Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Holotype: USNM 206506. Paratypes: ANSP 117497 (1); CAS 13979 (1); GCRL 7816 (1, c&s, partly dissected), 7817 (4); UF 229864 [ex UMML 29864] (1); USNM 206507-08 (1, 1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Microdesmus knappi Dawson 1972 -- (Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus knappi Dawson 1972. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Colombia. Habitat: marine.

lanceolatus, Microdesmus Dawson [C. E.] 1962:331, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1962 (no. 2); ref. 5870] Southeast of Grand Isle, Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico, 28°58.5'N, 89°51'W, depth 20 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 195976. •Valid as Microdesmus lanceolatus Dawson 1962 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:255 [ref. 23100], Dennis & Bright 1988:11 [ref. 39782], Smith & Thacker 2000:1011 [ref. 25199], Amaya et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26089], Thacker 2003:1798 [ref. 27112], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:733 [ref. 28815], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus lanceolatus Dawson 1962. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: including Gulf of Mexico. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lavandula, Nemateleotris Tea [Y.-K.] & Larson [H. K.] 2023:255, Figs. 2H, 4D-F, 5-7, 8B-C, 9B, 10E1-E2 [Raffles Bulletin of Zoology v. 71; ref. 40057] Augulupelu Reef, Palau Islands, depth 28 meters. Holotype: AMS I.16876-001. Paratypes: AMS, BPBM, CAS, USNM. •Valid as Nemateleotris lavandula Tea & Larson 2023. Current status: Valid as Nemateleotris lavandula Tea & Larson 2023. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Yakushima Island (Japan) south to Taiwan, northern Philippines, Micronesia, Melanesia and Great Barrier Reef. Habitat: marine.

letholepis, Ptereleotris Clark [H. W.] 1938:182 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 4) v. 22 (no. 7); ref. 12316] Hau Island, Tuamotu Archipelago. Holotype: CAS 5529. Paratypes: CAS 5530-31 (1, 1). •Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:22 [ref. 5197]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

lineatus, Parioglossus Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:178, Figs. 8, 22 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 36 (no 4); ref. 5859] Arakitaoch Stream, Babelthuap Island, Palau Islands, 7°23'24"N, 134°31'07"E. Holotype: CAS 36928. Paratypes: AMS I.24320 [ex USNM 257043] (1); CAS 52779 (1, c&s), 53330 (1); USNM 257043 (1). •Valid as Parioglossus lineatus Rennis & Hoese 1985 -- (Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:3 [ref. 24344], Myers 1999:263 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:1263 [ref. 25182], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Sakai et al. 2001:121 [ref. 25693], Nakabo 2002:1263 [ref. 26193], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus lineatus Rennis & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lineopinnis, Laccoeleotris Fowler [H. W.] 1935:403, Fig. 35 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 87; ref. 1421] Off Umzumbi, South Africa, depth 50 fathoms depth (stomach content). Holotype (unique): ANSP 63932. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:107 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Ptereleotris lineopinnis (Fowler 1935) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:17 [ref. 5197], Hoese 1986:802 [ref. 5670], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Larson 2022:196 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris lineopinnis (Fowler 1935). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa); Maldives; Mariana Islands (Micronesia). Habitat: marine.

longipinnis, Leptocerdale Weymouth [F. W.] 1910:142, Figs. 1-2 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 38 (no. 1734); ref. 4632] Cameron, Louisiana, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 64157. Paratypes: CAS-SU 21391 (10), USNM 64158 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:100 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Microdesmus longipinnis (Weymouth 1910) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:255 [ref. 23100], Dawson 1990:960 [ref. 17542], Boschung 1992:166 [ref. 23239], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:454 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:320 [ref. 25013], Schwartz 1999:289 [ref. 25307], Smith & Thacker 2000:1007 [ref. 25199], Amaya et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26089], Thacker 2003:1798 [ref. 27112], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:100 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:66 [ref. 27621], Ross & Rhode 2004:316 [ref. 27789], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:734 [ref. 28815], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708], Thacker in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2845 [ref. 34618], Carvalho-Filho 2023:243 [ref. 40480], Gurgel-Lourenço et al. 2024:2 [ref. 40819]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus longipinnis (Weymouth 1910). Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Espírito Santo (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; one specimen from Senegal (eastern Atlantic). Habitat: marine.

luscus, Microdesmus Dawson [C. E.] 1977:7, Figs. 1-2 [Copeia 1977 (no. 1); ref. 7243] Just south of Mahaut, west coast of Dominica, British West Indies, 15°21'28"N, 61°24'39"W, depth 0-7.6 meters. Holotype: USNM 198261. Paratypes: ANSP 133205 (1), GCRL 14237 (1, c&s). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Microdesmus luscus Dawson 1977 -- (Amaya et al. 2002:33 [ref. 26089] as lucus, Thacker 2003:1798 [ref. 27112], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus luscus Dawson 1977. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

magnificus, Nemateleotris Fowler [H. W.] 1938:132 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Buka Buka Island, Gulf of Tomini, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): USNM 99044. •Valid as Nemateleotris magnificus Fowler 1938 -- (Rajan et al. 2021:9 [ref. 39508]). •Valid as Nemateleotris magnifica Fowler 1938 -- (Akihito in Masuda et al. 1984:245 [ref. 6441], Hoese 1986:795 [ref. 5670], Randall et al. 1990:415 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:27 [ref. 21131], Kuiter 1993:366 [ref. 23929], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:362 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:415 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:525 [ref. 24106], Randall 1999:27 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:640 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1262 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:420 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:20 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1262 [ref. 26193], Randall & Shen 2002:494 [ref. 26738], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830] dating to 1928, Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Heemstra et al. 2004:3330 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:397 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:564 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:483 [ref. 28379], Hoese 2006:1706 [ref. 28998], Randall 2007:410 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:104 [ref. 30213], Shibukawa 2009:291 [ref. 30449], Motomura et al. 2010:223 [ref. 31256], Caratini & Soriano 2011:82 [ref. 39915] as magnificus, Allen & Erdmann 2012:994 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:270 [ref. 32706], Randall & Connell 2013:20 [ref. 32942], Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Koeda et al. 2016:96 [ref. 35333], Fricke et al. 2018:345 [ref. 35805], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:125 [ref. 40104], Fricke et al. 2019:293 [ref. 36673], Durville et al. 2021:314 [ref. 38802], Wada et al. 2021:50 [ref. 38521], Larson 2022:191 [ref. 39971], Murase et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40935], Tea & Larson 2023:254 [ref. 40057]). Current status: Valid as Nemateleotris magnifica Fowler 1938. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia and Austral Islands (French Polynesia). Habitat: marine.

marginalis, Parioglossus Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:179, Figs. 9, 23 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 36 (no 4); ref. 5859] Port Hacking, Audley National Park, New South Wales, Australia, 34°04'S, 151°05'E. Holotype: AMS I.17459-007. Paratypes: AMS I.17443-001 (2), I.17459-004 (3 or 4), I.18241-013 (50 or 48, 4 c&s), I.23876-001 (1); BMNH 1983.7.25.1-3 (3); BPBM 29185 (4); CAS 52780 (4); QM I.20295 (3); USNM 260323 (4); WAM P.28011-001 (3). Plus non-type material. Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:42 [ref. 19335], Moore et al. 2008:49 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Parioglossus marginalis Rennis & Hoese 1985 -- (Dingerkus & Séret 1992:136 [ref. 19735], Kuiter 1993:366 [ref. 23929], Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], McDowall 2001:169 [ref. 25318], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Francis et al. 2004:678 [ref. 27965], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:26 [ref. 28502], Hoese 2006:1707 [ref. 28998], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Larson 2011:239 [ref. 31740] as Microdesmidae, McDowall et al. 2015:1584 [ref. 34305] as Microdesmidae). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus marginalis Rennis & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Australia and New Zealand. Habitat: brackish, marine.

megastigma, Aioliops Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1987:76, Figs. 2b, 13 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 39 (no. 1); ref. 6602] El Nido Island, Philippines. Holotype: NSMT-P 44114. Paratypes: AMS I.25434-001 [ex USNM 246731] (2), I.25435-001 (2); CAS 57923 (1); LICPP 1984269 (4); USNM 246731 (8), 257044 (3), 257054 (11). •Valid as Aioliops megastigma Rennis & Hoese 1987 -- (Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:640 [ref. 25122], Allen 2000:122 [ref. 25868], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Allen & Erdmann 2012:992 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2019:293 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Aioliops megastigma Rennis & Hoese 1987. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia east to New Ireland (Papua New Guinea), north to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

melanopogon, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:(7) 19, Pl. 2 (figs. D-E); Fig. 5 [Indo-Pacific Fishes No. 7; ref. 5197] Northwestern side of Sentinelle de l'Est, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands, depth 70 feet. Holotype: BPBM 12600. Paratypes: AMS I.25317-001 [ex BPBM 11923] (1); BPBM 11810 (4), 30585 (2); CAS 56701 (1); MNHN 1985-0427 (1); NSMT-P 23897 (1); ROM 46819 (1); USNM 270839 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1991:47 [ref. 19958]. •Valid as Ptereleotris melanopogon Randall & Hoese 1985 -- (Randall & Earle 2000:20 [ref. 25806], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Randall 2005:567 [ref. 28239], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris melanopogon Randall & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Marquesas Islands. Habitat: marine.

melanota, Ptereleotris grammica Randall [J. E.] & Lubbock [R.] 1982:44, Figs. 4-5 [Revue française d'Aquariologie Herpétologie v. 9 (no. 2); ref. 8427] Grand Rempart, Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean, depth 50 meters. Holotype: BPBM 22583. Paratypes: BMNH 1981.7.29.2 (1). •Synonym of Ptereleotris grammica Randall & Lubbock 1982 -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:13 [ref. 5197], Fricke 1999:526 [ref. 24106]). •Synonym of Ptereleotris grammica Randall & Lubbock 1982, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Randall & Suzuki 2008:100 [ref. 29664]). •Valid as Ptereleotris melanota Randall & Lubbock 1982 -- (Larson 2022:196 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris melanota Randall & Lubbock 1982. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) and Maldives. Habitat: marine.

microlepis, Eleotris Bleeker [P.] 1856:102 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 16857] Banda Islands, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 4668. Bleeker specimens: BMNH 1866.2.15.10 (1). •Valid as Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Dor 1984:250 [ref. 29757], Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:246 [ref. 6441], Randall & Hoese 1985:22 [ref. 5197], Randall et al. 1990:417 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:28 [ref. 21131], Kuiter 1993:364 [ref. 23929], Randall et al. 1994:251 [ref. 21645], Goren & Dor 1994:67 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:348 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:216 [ref. 23922], Randall et al. 1997:417 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Johnson 1999:750 [ref. 25471], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1267 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:421 [ref. 25191], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:254 [ref. 25480], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1267 [ref. 26193], Randall & Shen 2002:491 [ref. 26738], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:76 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:126 [ref. 27715], Randall 2005:567 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1709 [ref. 28998], Randall & Suzuki 2008:96 [ref. 29664], Shibukawa 2009:293 [ref. 30449], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1001 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:270 [ref. 32706], Larson et al. 2013:209 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932], Fricke et al. 2018:346 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:165 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:84 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:295 [ref. 36673], Fujiwara et al. 2020:38 [ref. 38631], Kodeeswaran & Praveenraj 2020:426 [ref. 37850], Larson 2022:196 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:30 [ref. 40247], Sato et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40949]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), Line Islands (Kiribati) and Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia), north to Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan), south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

monoptera, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:24, Pl. 3 (figs. c-d); Fig. 8 [Indo-Pacific Fishes No. 7; ref. 5197] Northern shore off Kuei-Hou, Taiwan, depth 6 meters. Holotype: BPBM 23140. Paratypes: AMS I.15678-007 (10), I.17429-001 (1), I.18275-001 (5), I.18785-003 (3), I.20820-003 (1); ANSP 153851 (1); BMNH 1985.4.18.3 (1); BPBM 11285 (20), 13341 (1); CAS 56433 (1), 54528 (1), 57216 (2); LICPP 1972215 (1); MNHN 1985-396; NSMT-P 23894 (1); ROM 46700 (1); SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 22849 (1); USNM 243244 (1), 269913 (1); WAM P.25236-017 (1), P.27077-002 (1), P.28449-001 (1). Plus others at BPBM labeled types. Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:42 [ref. 19335], Bauchot et al. 1991:47 [ref. 19958], Moore et al. 2008:50 [ref. 30117], Ho & Shao 2011:59 [ref. 31432]. •Valid as Ptereleotris monoptera Randall & Hoese 1985 -- (Randall et al. 1990:417 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:364 [ref. 23929], Randall 1995:348 [ref. 22896], Randall et al. 1997:417 [ref. 25919], Kuiter 1997:362 [ref. 25488], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1266 [ref. 25182], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1266 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Randall 2005:567 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1709 [ref. 28998], Ho & Shao 2011:59 [ref. 31432], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1001 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2019:295 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36871], Larson 2022:197 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris monoptera Randall & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Oman, Socotra (Yemen) and Seychelles east to Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

monostigma, Gunnellichthys (Gunnellichthys) Smith [J. L. B.] 1958:127, Fig. 2E [Ichthyological Bulletin, Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University No. 9; ref. 4119] Pinda, Mozambique, western Indian Ocean. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 132. Paratypes: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 43043 (5). •Valid as Gunnellichthys monostigma Smith 1958 -- (Hayashi in Masuda et al. 1984:288 [ref. 6441], Randall et al. 1990:414 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:26 [ref. 21131], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977] as Gunnelichthys, Kuiter 1997:360 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:414 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:525 [ref. 24106], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268] as Gunnelichthys m., Nakabo 2000:1261 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:419 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:20 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1261 [ref. 26193], Randall & Shen 2002:492 [ref. 26738], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830] with genus as Gunnelichthys, Kimura et al. 2003:2 [ref. 27051], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:645 [ref. 27495], Randall 2005:562 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1704 [ref. 28998], Allen & Erdmann 2012:991 [ref. 31980], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Daly et al. 2018:4 [ref. 35897], Fricke et al. 2018:345 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Fricke et al. 2019:293 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36871], Larson 2022:190 [ref. 39971], Sandra et al. 2022:[6] [ref. 39181], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:28 [ref. 40247], Sato et al. 2023:18 [ref. 40019]). Current status: Valid as Gunnellichthys monostigma Smith 1958. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Amirantes (Seychelles) and Madagascar east to Micronesia, Marquesas Islands and Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

multiradiatus, Microdesmus Meek [S. E.] & Hildebrand [S. F.] 1928:958, Pl. 98 (fig. 3) [Field Museum of Natural History, Publications, Zoölogical Series v. 15 (publ. 249); ref. 2964] Chame Point, (Pacific) Panama. Holotype: USNM 82682. Paratypes: (33) GCRL [ex USNM 85766] (1); UH [ex USNM 85766] (2, not found in 1997); USNM 82704 (orig. 24, now 13), 85766 (13). •Valid as Microdesmus multiradiatus Meek & Hildebrand 1928 -- (D. Hoese/H.K. Larson data). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus multiradiatus Meek & Hildebrand 1928. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

multiradiatus, Parioglossus Keith [P.], Bosc [P.] & Valade [P.] 2004:342, Fig. 1 [Cybium v. 28 (no. 4); ref. 28060] Bel Ombre river, 04.61610S, 055.41772E, Mahé, Seychelles. Holotype: MNHN 2004-0166. Paratypes: MNHN 2004-0167 (8). •Valid as Parioglossus multiradiatus Keith, Bosc & Valade 2004 -- (Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Larson 2022:193 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus multiradiatus Keith, Bosc & Valade 2004. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Africa: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa); Mahé Island (Seychelles). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

neocaledonicus, Parioglossus Dingerkus [G.] & Séret [B.] 1992:134, Fig. 1 [Cybium v. 16 (no. 2); ref. 19735] Tite River where crossed by dirt road downstream from bridge, northeastern coast of Nord Province, New Caledonia, elevation 10 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1991-6858. Paratypes: AMNH 96801 (3); BMNH 1991.12.17.1-3 (3); MNHN 1991-6859 (17), 1992-0017 (13). Non-type specimens: (6). •Valid as Parioglossus neocaledonicus Dingerkus & Séret 1992 -- (Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:70 [ref. 25191], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], McDowall 2001:169 [ref. 25318], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:1, 24 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus neocaledonicus Dingerkus & Séret 1992. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: New Caledonia. Habitat: freshwater.

novaeguineae, Aioliops Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1987:78, Figs. 2c, 3-9, 10b, 11, 14 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 39 (no. 1); ref. 6602] Milne Bay, Basilaki Island, Papua New Guinea, depth 0-3 meters. Holotype: USNM 276500. Paratypes: AMS I.17089-043 (1). I.25548-001 (2); USNM 244194 (31 + 4 c&s), 257042 (1), 257046 (9), 261548 (7). •Valid as Aioliops novaeguineae Rennis & Hoese 1987 -- (Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Hoese 2006:1706 [ref. 28998], Allen & Erdmann 2012:993 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:177 [ref. 33932], Fricke et al. 2019:293 [ref. 36673]). Current status: Valid as Aioliops novaeguineae Rennis & Hoese 1987. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Indonesia east to New Ireland (Papua New Guinea). Habitat: marine.

nudus, Parioglossus Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:180, Figs. 10, 24 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 36 (no 4); ref. 5859] About 125 meters northeast of southwestern arm of Auluptagel Island, Palau Islands, 7°17'59"N, 134°28'48"E. Holotype: CAS 36930. Paratypes: AMS I.24321-001 [ex ROM 42573] (8); CAS 36929 (1), 52781 (1, c&s), 53329 (5); LICPP 1977056 (1); ROM 42573 (76), 42575-76 (3, 8); USNM 235991 (4), 257055 (1), 257553 [?not 261553] (1), 261557 (1). •Valid as Parioglossus nudus Rennis & Hoese 1985 -- (Suzuki & Senou 1994:285 [ref. 21557], Myers 1999:263 [ref. 23965], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:189 [ref. 27510], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Randall 2005:565 [ref. 28239], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:24 [ref. 28502], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:352 [ref. 28867], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Allen & Erdmann 2012:996 [ref. 31980]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus nudus Rennis & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea to Fiji. Habitat: marine.

ourlazon, Zagadkogobius Prokofiev [A. M.] 2017:121, Fig. 1 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 57 (no. 1); ref. 35159] South China Sea, to the south of the Anambas Islands (Indonesia), station 6727, 02°03'N, 105°37'E, depth 73 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMMU 23818. •Valid as Zagadkogobius ourlazon Prokofiev 2017 -- (Tea & Larson 2023:263 [ref. 40057] but not in Ptereleotrinae). Current status: Valid as Zagadkogobius ourlazon Prokofiev 2017. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: south of Anambas Islands, Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

paludicola, Cerdale Dawson [C. E.] 1974:434, Figs. 17-18 [Copeia 1974 (no. 2); ref. 7122] Mangrove swamp, about 1 kilometer northwest of Mata de Limón, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, depth 0-0.25 meters. Holotype: USNM 209217. Paratypes: (8) GCRL 6590, 6592, 9977; UCR 32-5 (1); UF 223461 [ex UMML 23461] (1); USNM 209218 (1). Type catalog: Angulo et al. 2015:371 [ref. 35212] as paluduicola. •Valid as Cerdale paludicola Dawson 1974 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:270 [ref. 22193], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732]). Current status: Valid as Cerdale paludicola Dawson 1974. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

palustris, Andameleotris Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1945:2 [Copeia 1945 (no. 1); ref. 2138] Pool in a nipa swamp, near the Fisheries Station, Zamboanga, Philippines. Holotype: CAS-SU 36808. Paratypes: CAS-SU 18473 (1), 36809 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:105 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Parioglossus palustris (Herre 1945) -- (Yoshino & Senou in Masuda et al. 1984:247 [ref. 6441], Rennis & Hoese 1985:181 [ref. 5859], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:564 [ref. 25598], Kottelat et al. 1993:157 [ref. 23448], Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:2 [ref. 24344], Larson & Williams 1997:372 [ref. 23967], Myers 1999:263 [ref. 23965], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1265 [ref. 25182], Allen 2000:122 [ref. 25868], Sakai et al. 2001:121 [ref. 25693], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1265 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:25 [ref. 28502], Larson et al. 2008:151 [ref. 29532], Shibukawa 2009:291 [ref. 30449], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Allen & Erdmann 2012:997 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:209 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus palustris (Herre 1945). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Andaman Sea and western Pacific: Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Palau and Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

philippinus, Herreolus Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1945:14 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 58; ref. 2139] Santa Maria, Zamboanga Province, Mindanao, Philippines. Holotype: CAS-SU 36812. Paratypes: CAS-SU 36813 (1), 36814 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:114 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Parioglossus philippinus (Herre 1945) -- (Rennis & Hoese 1985:182 [ref. 5859], Suzuki & Senou 1992:4 [ref. 24309], Suzuki & Senou 1994:285 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:2 [ref. 24344], Myers 1999:263 [ref. 23965], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1264 [ref. 25182], Sakai et al. 2001:121 [ref. 25693], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1264 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495] dated 1940, Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:25 [ref. 28502], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:352 [ref. 28867], Hoese 2006:1708 [ref. 28998], Shibukawa 2009:292 [ref. 30449], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Allen & Erdmann 2012:997 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:209 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989], Fricke et al. 2018:346 [ref. 35805], Larson 2022:193 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus philippinus (Herre 1945). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar; India east to Philippines and Papua New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to Northern Territory (Australia). Habitat: marine.

playfairi, Ptereleotris Whitley [G. P.] 1933:90 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 19 (no. 1); ref. 4677] Zanzibar, Tanzania, western Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1867.3.9.502. Based on Eleotris microlepis of Playfair & Günther 1867:75, Pl. 9 (fig. 5) [ref. 3490]. Type illustrated by McCulloch & Ogilby 1919:258, Pl. 37 (fig. 1) [ref. 15219]. •Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:22 [ref. 5197], Larson 2022:196 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker 1856). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

pleurotaenia, Gunnellichthys Bleeker [P.] 1858:10 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 3 (art. 11); ref. 361] Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 4799 (2). •Valid as Gunnellichthys pleurotaenia Bleeker 1858 -- (Hayashi in Masuda et al. 1984:289 [ref. 6441], Randall et al. 1990:414 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1997:360 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:414 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:1261 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1261 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830] with genus as Gunnelichthys, Kimura et al. 2003:2 [ref. 27051], Myers & Donaldson 2003:645 [ref. 27495], Randall 2005:563 [ref. 28239], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:352 [ref. 28867], Hoese 2006:1704 [ref. 28998], Allen & Erdmann 2012:991 [ref. 31980]). Current status: Valid as Gunnellichthys pleurotaenia Bleeker 1858. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: east Africa to Samoa, Australia to Ryukyu Islands. Habitat: marine.

prolata, Cerdale Dawson [C. E.] 1974:432, Fig. 16 [Copeia 1974 (no. 2); ref. 7122] Muddy bay, South of Miraflores Third Lock, east of Cocoli, Canal Zone, Panama. Holotype (unique): ANSP 134100 [published as UMML 23462]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Cerdale prolata Dawson 1974 -- (Allen & Robertson 1994:270 [ref. 22193]). Current status: Valid as Cerdale prolata Dawson 1974. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Panama. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rainfordi, Parioglossus McCulloch [A. R.] 1921:471, Pl. 41 (fig. 4) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 46 (pt. 4) (no. 184); ref. 10020] Bowen, Queensland, Australia. Holotype: AMS IA.176. Paratypes: AMS IA.177 (4). Type catalog: Koumans 1940:167 [ref. 2676]. •Valid as Parioglossus rainfordi McCulloch 1921 -- (Yoshino & Senou in Masuda et al. 1984:247 [ref. 6441], Rennis & Hoese 1985:184 [ref. 5859], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:565 [ref. 25598], Dingerkus & Séret 1992:136 [ref. 19735], Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:2 [ref. 24344], Myers 1999:263 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:1265 [ref. 25182], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Sakai et al. 2001:121 [ref. 25693], Nakabo 2002:1265 [ref. 26193], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:15, 25 [ref. 28502], Hoese 2006:1708 [ref. 28998], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Allen & Erdmann 2012:997 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:209 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus rainfordi McCulloch 1921. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia to New Caledonia, Australia north to Yaeyama Islands. Habitat: brackish, marine.

randalli, Ptereleotris Gasparini [J. L.], Rocha [L. A.] & Floeter [S. R.] 2001:110, Figs. 1-3 [aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 25302] Ilhas Rasas, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, off southeastern Brazil, depth 12 meters. Holotype: MNRJ 20145. Paratypes: LBRP 5445 (1); MBML 402-403 (1, 1); UFPB 3750 (2), 3978 (1), 4488-89 (1, 1); UF 113884 (1). •Valid as Ptereleotris randalli Gasparini, Rocha & Floeter 2001 -- (Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:100 [ref. 27192], Van Tassell 2011:147 [ref. 31732], Carvalho-Filho in Marceniuk et al. 2021:250 [ref. 38945], Hoff et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40463], Carvalho-Filho 2023:243 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris randalli Gasparini, Rocha & Floeter 2001. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Trinidad and Tobago south to São Paulo (Brazil). Habitat: marine.

raoi, Amblyeleotris (Andameleotris) Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1939:346 [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 41 (pt 4); ref. 2127] West coast of Guitar Island, Middle Andaman Island, Andaman Islands. Holotype: ZSI (whereabouts unknown). Paratypes: (60) CAS-SU 37149 (now 15). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:105 [ref. 12291]. •Valid as Parioglossus raoi (Herre 1939) -- (Yoshino & Senou in Masuda et al. 1984:248 [ref. 6441], Rennis & Hoese 1985:185 [ref. 5859], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:565 [ref. 25598], Kottelat et al. 1993:157 [ref. 23448], Randall et al. 1994:251 [ref. 21645], Suzuki & Senou 1994:285 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:2 [ref. 24344], Randall 1995:347 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:216 [ref. 23922], Myers 1999:263 [ref. 23965], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1263 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Sakai et al. 2001:121 [ref. 25693], Nakabo 2002:1263 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Randall 2005:565 [ref. 28239], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:1, 4 [ref. 28502], Hoese 2006:1708 [ref. 28998], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Allen & Erdmann 2012:998 [ref. 31980], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989], Eagderi et al. 2019:84 [ref. 37020], Akaike et al. 2021:30 [ref. 38809], Larson 2022:193 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus raoi (Herre 1939). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Micronesia and Fiji, north to Yaeyama Islands and Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan). Habitat: brackish, marine.

reidi, Microdesmus Myers [G. S.] & Wade [C. B.] 1946:165, Pl. 22 (figs. 5-6) [Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition 1932-40, Los Angeles v. 9 (no. 6); ref. 3135] Darwin Bay, Tower Island, Galápagos Islands. Holotype (unique): LACM 21031 [ex AHF 916]. •Synonym of Microdesmus dipus Günther 1864 -- (Grove & Lavenberg 1997:562 [ref. 24023]). Current status: Synonym of Microdesmus dipus Günther 1864. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

retropinnis, Microdesmus Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1882:331 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 1 (for 1881); ref. 2471] Rock pool at (Pacific) Panama. Holotype (unique): USNM 29665 [whereabouts unknown]. •Valid as Microdesmus retropinnis Jordan & Gilbert 1882 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:453 [ref. 24550], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus retropinnis Jordan & Gilbert 1882. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rubristigma, Ptereleotris Allen [G. R.], Erdmann [M. V.] & Cahyani [N. K. D.] in Allen & Erdmann 2012:1194, Figs. 1-5 [Reef fishes of the East Indies.; ref. 31980] Jemeluk, Amed, 8°20.221'S, 115°39.617'E, Bali, Indonesia, depth 2 meters. Holotype: MZB 20602. Paratypes: MZB 20603 (1); WAM P.32804-002 (1), 32927-007 (1), P.33385-001 (1). •Valid as Ptereleotris rubristigma Allen, Erdmann & Cahyani 2012. Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris rubristigma Allen, Erdmann & Cahyani 2012. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indonesia (West Papua and Bali), probably widespread in the East Indies and possibly Ryukyu Islands. Habitat: marine.

sakurai, Vireosa Schmidt [P. Yu.] 1931:113, Pl. 6 (fig. 2) [Transactions of the Pacific Committee of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. v. 1; ref. 3937] Itoman, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 23381. Appeared as name only in Schmidt 1930:515 [ref. 18734]. •Synonym of Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925) -- (Randall & Hoese 1985:11 [ref. 5197]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

senoui, Parioglossus Suzuki [T.], Yonezawa [T.] & Sakaue [J.] 2010:38, Figs. 5-8 [Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science (Ser. A) Supplement No. 4; ref. 30805] Ngermetengel, Ngaremlengui State, Babeldaob Island, Palau, 7°31'8.88"N, 134°30'7.50"E, depth 0.5 meters. Holotype: OMNH-P 35163. Paratypes: KPM-NI 23892 (1), 23893 (1); NSMT-P 96053 (1); OMNH-P 35164 (1), 35165 (1, c&s); ROM 84675 (1); ZUMT 60443 (1). Plus photographed specimens. •Valid as Parioglossus senoui Suzuki, Yonezawa & Sakaue 2010. Current status: Valid as Parioglossus senoui Suzuki, Yonezawa & Sakaue 2010. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Ryukyu Islands of Japan and Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

seychellensis, Paragunnellichthys Dawson [C. E.] 1967:75, Figs. 1-5 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 80 (no. 13); ref. 1064] Northwestern end of Beau Vallon Bay, Mahé, Seychelles, depth 20-25 feet. Holotype: ANSP 103610. Paratypes: ANSP 103615 (2), 103656 (1, c&s). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Gunnellichthys seychellensis (Dawson 1967) -- (Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965]). •Valid as Paragunnellichthys seychellensis Dawson 1967 -- (Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Hoese 2006:1704 [ref. 28998], Larson 2022:192 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Paragunnellichthys seychellensis Dawson 1967. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles; Micronesia and New Guinea east to French Polynesia, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

sinensis, Parioglossus Zhong [J.-S.] 1994:127 (English p.129), Fig. 1 [Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University v. 3 (no. 3); ref. 21578] Beach at Songao, 29°33'N, 121°38'E, Fenghua, Zhejiang Province, China. Holotype: SFC 2535. Paratypes: SFC 2536-2544 (9), 2545 (1). •Valid as Parioglossus sinensis Zhong 1994 -- (Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:25 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus sinensis Zhong 1994. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: China. Habitat: marine.

splendidus, Ptereleotris Burgess [W. E.] & Axelrod [H. R.] 1972:173 [Pacific marine fishes. Book 1; ref. 7605] Appeared as "One species of goby, Ptereleotris splendidus is bright red and white, a spectacular combination." Regarded as not available, no distinguishing features presented. Perhaps corresponds to Fig. 307, but that figure (and Figure 307) are both labeled Nemaptereleotris magnificus, a species also matching the color description. Nomen Nudum. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae.

springeri, Paragunnellichthys Dawson [C. E.] 1970:268, Figs. 1-2 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 83 (no. 25); ref. 7731] Aristocrat Beach, Sharm el Moiya, southern Sinai Peninsula, South Sinai Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea, about 27°51'30"N, 34°17'30"E, depth .2-.3 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 204613. •Valid as Paragunnellichthys springeri Dawson 1970 -- (Dor 1984:253 [ref. 29757], Goren & Dor 1994:67 [ref. 25356], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[7] 245 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Larson 2022:192 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:29 [ref. 40247]). Current status: Valid as Paragunnellichthys springeri Dawson 1970. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Northern Red Sea: southern Sinai endemic. Habitat: marine.

stigmaturus, Ptereleotris Smith [H. M.] 1945:511, Fig. 102 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 188; ref. 4056] Estuary of Chantabun River, southeastern Thailand. Holotype: USNM 119639. Paratypes: USNM 119640 (8, now 7). Type catalog: Vilasri et al. 2018:67 [ref. 36451]. •Synonym of Parioglossus philippinus (Herre 1945) -- (Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989], Vilasri et al. 2018:67 [ref. 36451]). Current status: Synonym of Parioglossus philippinus (Herre 1945). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

suttkusi, Microdesmus Gilbert [C. R.] 1966:329, Fig. 1C [Copeia 1966 (no. 2); ref. 9031] Río Baru at Dominical, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica. Holotype: TU 25110. Paratypes: TU 25130 (1), 25262 (1). Plus non-type material: UF 229532 [ex UMML 29532] (1). Type catalog: Suttkus 1970:128 [ref. 20861], Bart & Taylor 1993:65-66 [ref. 20906]. •Valid as Microdesmus suttkusi Gilbert 1966 -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:452 [ref. 24550], Amaya et al. 2002:34 [ref. 26089], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Van Tassell 2011:146 [ref. 31732], Page et al. 2013:179 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Microdesmus suttkusi Gilbert 1966. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

taeniatus, Parioglossus Regan [C. T.] 1912:302 [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 15 (pt 2, no. 18); ref. 3643] Pacard Lagoon, Aldabra Island, Indian Ocean. Syntypes: BMNH 1912.5.3.28-29 (2). •Valid as Parioglossus taeniatus Regan 1912 -- (Rennis & Hoese 1985:187 [ref. 5859], Suzuki & Senou 1994:285 [ref. 21557], Suzuki et al. 1994:2 [ref. 24344], Myers 1999:263 [ref. 23965], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1263 [ref. 25182], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Sakai et al. 2001:121 [ref. 25693], Nakabo 2002:1263 [ref. 26193], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Randall 2005:565 [ref. 28239], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:25 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805], Kottelat 2013:436 [ref. 32989], Keith et al. 2021:108 [ref. 38257], Larson 2022:194 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus taeniatus Regan 1912. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Aldabra (Seychelles); Madagascar; Philippines, Palau; Fiji; Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

tetrophthalmus, Aioliops Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1987:79, Figs. 1, 15 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 39 (no. 1); ref. 6602] Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, depth 0-4 meters. Holotype: AMS I.22723-008. Paratypes: AMS (12 lots, 80); ANSP 156917 (2); BMNH 1985.7.27.1-2 (2); BPBM 30644 (2); CAS 57354 (3); NMV A3510 (2); NTM S.116704-110 (2); WAM P.28454-001 (2), QM I.21688 (2); USNM 273305 (2); WAM P.28454-001 (2, missing). Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:42 [ref. 19335], Moore et al. 2008:49 [ref. 30117]. •Valid as Aioliops tetrophthalmus Rennis & Hoese 1987 -- (Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296] as tetraopthalmus, Hoese 2006:1706 [ref. 28998]). Current status: Valid as Aioliops tetrophthalmus Rennis & Hoese 1987. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine.

tricolor, Ptereleotris Smith [J. L. B.] 1957:817, Fig. 1 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12) v. 9 (no. 107) (art. 10); ref. 4110] Wamizi Island, Mozambique, western Indian Ocean. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 273. Paratypes: (4) not researched. •Synonym of Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925) -- (Dor 1984:249 [ref. 29757], Shen & Lin 1984:18 [ref. 13822], Randall & Hoese 1985:11 [ref. 5197], Hoese 1986:802 [ref. 5670], Randall et al. 1990:416 [ref. 15987], Randall & Shen 2002:491 [ref. 26738], Golani & Fricke 2018:164 [ref. 36273], Larson 2022:195 [ref. 39971]). Current status: Synonym of Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs 1925). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Habitat: marine.

triquetrus, Parioglossus Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:188, Figs. 16, 30 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 36 (no 4); ref. 5859] Mangrove swamp in creek, 10 miles west of Lauri, Fiji Islands, 18°14'48"S, 178°04'E, depth 0-1 meter. Holotype: ROM 43041. Paratypes: AMS I.24324-001 [ex ROM 43402] (3), ROM 43042 (6), USNM 235990 (1). •Valid as Parioglossus triquetrus Rennis & Hoese 1985 -- (Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Randall 2005:565 [ref. 28239], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:26 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus triquetrus Rennis & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Fiji. Habitat: brackish.

typus, Oxymetopon Bleeker [P.] 1860:259 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 22 (no. 3-6); ref. 383] Kupang, Timor Island, southern Malay Archipelago. Holotype (unique): RMNH 4471. •Valid as Oxymetopon typus Bleeker 1860 -- (Ikeda et al. 2000:2 [ref. 25036], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Hoese 2006:1707 [ref. 28998], Allen & Erdmann 2012:995 [ref. 31980], Prokofiev 2016:137 [ref. 34651]). Current status: Valid as Oxymetopon typus Bleeker 1860. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

uroditaenia, Ptereleotris Randall [J. E.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:(7) 29, Pl. 4 (fig. G); Fig. 9 [Indo-Pacific Fishes No. 7; ref. 5197] Langa Langa lagoon, Solomon Islands, depth 18 meters. Holotype (unique): AMS I.18728-001. •Valid as Ptereleotris uroditaenia Randall & Hoese 1985 -- (Randall et al. 1990:418 [ref. 15987], Randall et al. 1997:418 [ref. 25919], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Hoese 2006:1709 [ref. 28998], Randall & Suzuki 2008:99 [ref. 29664], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1002 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:209 [ref. 32988]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris uroditaenia Randall & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Brunei, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Australia. Habitat: marine.

verticalis, Parioglossus Rennis [D. S.] & Hoese [D. F.] 1985:189, Figs. 17, 31 [Records of the Australian Museum v. 36 (no 4); ref. 5859] Ponape, Caroline Islands, 6°57'30"N, 159°08'E or 6°59'45"N, 158°11'E, western Pacific, depth 0-1.5 meters. Holotype (unique): USNM 257089. •Valid as Parioglossus verticalis Rennis & Hoese 1985 -- (Dingerkus & Séret 1992:136 [ref. 19735], Suzuki & Senou 1994:286 [ref. 21557], Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], McDowall 2001:169 [ref. 25318], Williams & Lecchini 2004:2 [ref. 27684], Keith et al. 2004:343 [ref. 28060], Wang & Winterbottom 2006:24 [ref. 28502], Suzuki et al. 2010:31 [ref. 30805]). Current status: Valid as Parioglossus verticalis Rennis & Hoese 1985. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Caroline Islands. Habitat: marine.

viridescens, Gunnellichthys Dawson [C. E.] 1968:61, Figs. 2-5 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 81; ref. 7885] West of the northwestern tip of Anonyme Island, between Anonyme and Mahé islands, Seychelles, depth 35-50 feet. Holotype: ANSP 103624. Paratypes: ANSP 103609 (1), 103612 (3), 103625 (orig. 7, now 6), 109202 (1, c&s); BPBM 10589 [ex ANSP 103625] (1); FMNH 73909 (1, skin and skeleton); GCRL V67:2186 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:127 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:42 [ref. 12367] as viridesens. •Valid as Gunnellichthys viridescens Dawson 1968 -- (Randall et al. 1990:414 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:26 [ref. 21131], Randall et al. 1994:251 [ref. 21645], Randall 1995:347 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:216 [ref. 23922], Kuiter 1997:360 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:414 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:262 [ref. 23965], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:419 [ref. 25191], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830] with genus as Gunnelichthys, Kimura et al. 2003:2 [ref. 27051], Myers & Donaldson 2003:645 [ref. 27495], Randall 2005:563 [ref. 28239], Randall et al. 2005:130 [ref. 28745], Hoese 2006:1704 [ref. 28998], Allen & Erdmann 2012:991 [ref. 31980], Ho et al. 2013:74 [ref. 33261], Eagderi et al. 2019:84 [ref. 37020], Zajonz et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36871] as cf. viridescens, Larson 2022:190 [ref. 39971], Sato et al. 2023:18 [ref. 40019]). Current status: Valid as Gunnellichthys viridescens Dawson 1968. Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles and Persian Gulf east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

vittatus, Navigobius Allen [G. R.], Erdmann [M. V.] & Cahyani [N. K. D.] 2015:14, Figs. 1-5 [Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation v. 17; ref. 34132] North-eastern portion of Ampa Patches, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo, 4°58.412'N, 114°23.706'E, depth 30 meters. Holotype: WAM P.34032-001. Paratypes: AMS, USNM, WAM. •Valid as Navigobius vittatus Allen, Erdmann & Cahyani 2015 -- (Prokofiev 2016:651 [ref. 35020] with author as Allen, Gill et al. 2017:377 [ref. 35670], Okamoto & Motomura 2018:378 [ref. 36336]). Current status: Valid as Navigobius vittatus Allen, Erdmann & Cahyani 2015. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Borneo. Habitat: marine.

winterbottomi, Parioglossus Suzuki [T.], Yonezawa [T.] & Sakaue [J.] 2010:41, Figs. 9-12 [Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science (Ser. A) Supplement No. 4; ref. 30805] Matla mudflats, Canning at South 24, Parganas District, West Bengal, India, 22°04'N, 88°38'E, from aquarium fish supplier. Holotype: ROM 84676. Paratypes: NSMT-P 96054 (1). •Valid as Parioglossus winterbottomi Suzuki, Yonezawa & Sakaue 2010. Current status: Valid as Parioglossus winterbottomi Suzuki, Yonezawa & Sakaue 2010. Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: West Bengal, India. Habitat: brackish, marine.

woodsi, Microdesmus Kanazawa [R. H.] 1952:93, Fig. 13 [Fieldiana Zoology v. 34 (no. 7); ref. 12780] St. David's Island, Sink, Bermuda. Holotype (unique): FMNH 48876. Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:56 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Microdesmus longipinnis (Weymouth 1910) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:320 [ref. 25013]). Current status: Synonym of Microdesmus longipinnis (Weymouth 1910). Microdesmidae: Microdesminae. Habitat: marine.

zebra, Pogonoculius Fowler [H. W.] 1938:134 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Dasol Bay, Luzon Island [Pangasinan Province, Philippines, South China Sea, western Pacific]. Holotype (unique): USNM 99048. •Valid as Pogonoculius zebra Fowler 1938 -- (Shen & Lin 1984:17 [ref. 13822]). •Valid as Ptereleotris zebra (Fowler 1938) -- (Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:246 [ref. 6441], Randall & Hoese 1985:31 [ref. 5197], Randall et al. 1990:418 [ref. 15987], Randall & Goren 1993:28 [ref. 21131], Francis 1993:167 [ref. 25479], Francis & Randall 1993:124 [ref. 20996], Kuiter 1993:365 [ref. 23929], Goren & Dor 1994:67 [ref. 25356], Allen 1997:220 [ref. 23977], Randall et al. 1997:418 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:264 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:527 [ref. 24106], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Larson in Randall & Lim 2000:641 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1266 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:421 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:20 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:44 [ref. 25847], Larson 2001:3608 [ref. 26296], Nakabo 2002:1266 [ref. 26193], Randall & Shen 2002:492 [ref. 26738], Allen & Adrim 2003:61 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:398 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:567 [ref. 28239], Hoese 2006:1710 [ref. 28998], Fricke et al. 2009:105 [ref. 30213], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1002 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:270 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:178 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Koeda et al. 2016:97 [ref. 35333], Golani & Fricke 2018:165 [ref. 36273], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:125 [ref. 40104], Fricke et al. 2019:295 [ref. 36673], Larson 2022:197 [ref. 39971], Bogorodsky & Goren 2023:30 [ref. 40247]). Current status: Valid as Ptereleotris zebra (Fowler 1938). Microdesmidae: Ptereleotrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Mozambique Channel, Seychelles, Aldabra (Seychelles) and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Line Islands (Kiribati) and Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia), north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island (Australia). Habitat: marine.