Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Bothus: [ 50 ] records

africanus, Bothus podas Nielsen [J. G.] 1961:121 [Atlantide Report No. 6; ref. 9368] Coast of western Africa, 9°27'N, 14°48'W, depth 150 meters. Holotype: ZMUC P853008. Paratypes: BMNH 1962.6.18.34-35 (2). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:83 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Bothus africanus Nielsen 1961 -- (Evseenko 1996:727 [ref. 24666]). •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1032 [ref. 19526], Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2988 [ref. 34618] with reservations). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

argus, Pleuronectes Bloch [M. E.] 1783:51, Pl. 48 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 2; ref. 19644] Western Atlantic. No types known. On p. 49 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 2 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus 1758). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

assimilis, Rhomboidichthys Günther [A.] 1862:437 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] China seas. Holotype (unique): BMNH 2012.1.12.11. •Valid as Bothus assimilis (Günther 1862) -- (Li & Wang 1995:207 [ref. 16193]). Current status: Valid as Bothus assimilis (Günther 1862). Bothidae. Distribution: China Seas. Habitat: marine.

aureus, Citharichthys Day [F.] 1877:422, Pl. 90 (fig. 3) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Madras, India. Holotype (unique): ZSI F1243. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:157 [ref. 20743], Whitehead & Talwar 1976:162 [ref. 23762]. Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

bahianus, Rhombus Castelnau [F. L.] 1855:78, Pl. 41 (fig. 1) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Bahia, Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1999-0412. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:309 [ref. 25922]. •Synonym of Bothus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:309 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

barffi, Pleuronectes Curtiss [A.] 1944:18 [Further notes on the zoology of Tahiti.; ref. 12574] Lagoon near Tautira, Tahiti, Society Islands. No types known. •Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) -- (Hensley & Amaoka 2001:3817 [ref. 26311]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

bleekeri, Bothus Steindachner [F.] 1861:178 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 11; ref. 18748] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Syntypes: (several) whereabouts unknown. ▌See Randall 2007:459 [ref. 30952]. Bothidae. Distribution: Indonesia [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

circularis, Platophrys Regan [C. T.] 1908:233, Pl. 26 (fig. 3) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 12 (pt 3); ref. 3634] Amirante, Seychelles, Indian Ocean, depth 22-85 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1908.3.23.130. •Synonym of Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Amaoka 1969:162 [ref. 105], Li & Wang 1995:209 [ref. 16193]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

constellatus, Platophrys Jordan [D. S.] in Jordan & Goss 1889:266 [United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner v. 14 (for 1886) (art. 2); ref. 2482] James Island, Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Syntypes: MCZ 11146 (3). •Possibly a junior synonym of Bothus leopardinus (Günther 1862) -- (Hensley in Fischer et al. 1995:934 [ref. 22829], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:611 [ref. 24023]). •Valid as Bothus constellatus (Jordan 1889) -- (Paulin et al. 1989:238 [ref. 24556], Allen & Robertson 1994:286 [ref. 22193], Hensley in Fischer et al. 1995:934 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:74 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:611 [ref. 24023] with question, Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:203 [ref. 24555], Nelson et al. 2004:178 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:171 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32708], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:150 [ref. 34871], Love et al. 2021:222 [ref. 39279], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:231 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Bothus constellatus (Jordan 1889). Bothidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to northern Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

diagrammus, Bothus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1814:16 [Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de Mr. C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz; ref. 3582] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. •Questionable synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Parenti 2019:108 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Uncertain as Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

diaphanus, Bothus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1814:17 [Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de Mr. C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz; ref. 3582] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

ellipticus, Pleuronectes Poey [F.] 1860:315 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Possible types: MCZ 11188 (1), 11191 (1, missing). •Valid as Bothus ellipticus (Poey 1860), or possibly a synonym of Bothus maculiferus (Poey 1860) – (Munroe 2003:1889 [ref. 27718]). •Valid as Bothus ellipticus (Poey 1860) -- (Gutherz 1967:42 [ref. 23862]). Current status: Valid as Bothus ellipticus (Poey 1860). Bothidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Cuba. Habitat: marine.

gesneri, Rhombus Risso [A.] 1827:254 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:338 [ref. 25922]. as not types at MNHN. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Desoutter et al. 2001:338 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

guibei, Bothus Stauch [A.] 1966:118, Fig. 1 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 9070] Gulf of Guinea, 1°25'S, 5°36'E, eastern Atlantic, depth 15-40 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1964-0438. Paratypes: MNHN 1956-0076 (1), 1964-0436 to 0437 (3, 3), 1964-0439 (4), 1965-0544 (1), 1999-1003 (3). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:303-304 [ref. 25922]. •Valid as Bothus guibei Stauch 1966 -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1030 [ref. 19526], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Wirtz et al. 2007:41 [ref. 30263], Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2985 [ref. 34618], Almeida & Alves 2019:269 [ref. 37509], Reiner 2019:291 [ref. 38139], Fermon et al. 2022:231 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Bothus guibei Stauch 1966. Bothidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Nigeria south to Gabon, including Annobón (Equatorial Guinea), and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

guttatus, Platophrys Lahille [F.] 1939:189 [Physis (Buenos Aires) v. 16; ref. 21719] Mar Chiquita, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. No types known. Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

heckelii, Peloria Cocco [A.] 1844:27 [7], Fig. 3 [Giornale del Gabinetto Letterario di Messina Anno 3, Tomo 5; ref. 866] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. On p. 7 of separate. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1032 [ref. 19526]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

heterophthalmus, Rhombus Bennett [E. T.] 1831:147 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1830-31 (pt 1); ref. 5778] Atlantic coast of northern Africa. No types known. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

leopardinus, Rhomboidichthys Günther [A.] 1862:434 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] No locality [= Gulf of California, Mexico]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1855.9.19.1250. •Valid as Bothus leopardinus (Günther 1862) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1992:102 [ref. 21805], Allen & Robertson 1994:286 [ref. 22193], Hensley in Fischer et al. 1995:934 [ref. 22829], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:74 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:609 [ref. 24023], Evseenko 1998:59 [ref. 23643], Nelson et al. 2004:178 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:171 [ref. 37547], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:195 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32708], Fourriére et al. 2016:450 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Love et al. 2021:222 [ref. 39279]). Current status: Valid as Bothus leopardinus (Günther 1862). Bothidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.

lunatus, Pleuronectes Linnaeus [C.] 1758:269 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Bahamas. No types known. Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:69-70 [ref. 20705]. Based on pre-Linnaean Solea lunata Catesby 1725, Pl. 25. Type information: Goode & Bean 1885:197 [ref. 1841]. •Valid as Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gutherz 1967:42 [ref. 23862], Robins & Ray 1986:288 [ref. 23100], Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Cervigón 1992:273 [ref. 23827], Andreata & Séret 1996:589 [ref. 16204], Cervigón 1996:26 [ref. 24489], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:342 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1646 [ref. 25634], Collette et al. 2003:126 [ref. 26784], Munroe 2003:1890 [ref. 27118], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:105 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:68 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:178 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:823 [ref. 28815], Wirtz et al. 2007:41 [ref. 30263], Page et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:85 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Pinheiro et al. 2015:33 [ref. 34324], Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2986 [ref. 34618], Reiner 2019:291 [ref. 38139], Robertson et al. 2020:151 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:76 [ref. 38844], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:391 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:73 [ref. 39585], Fermon et al. 2022:231 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:268 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus 1758). Bothidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; southern-central Atlantic: Ascension island; eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Guinea, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

lunulatus, Pleuronectes Jouan [H.] 1861:256 [Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Sciences Naturelles de Cherbourg v. 8; ref. 18363] Port-de-France, Kanala, New Caledonia. No types known. •Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) -- (Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:355 [ref. 28867]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

lunulatus, Rhomboidichthys Poey [F.] 1876:180 [138] [Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, Madrid v. 5 (for 5 Apr. 1876); ref. 3510] On p. 138 of separate. Not intended as a new name, but as a new combination for "Pleuronectes lunulatus Linnaeus" -- actually Pleuronectes lunatus. Misspelling. Current status: Synonym of Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus 1758). Bothidae.

macropterus, Rhombus Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1824:236, Pl. 50 [Voyage autour du monde; ref. 3574] Waigeo [Waigiou], Indonesia; Rawak Island, Bismarck Archipelago. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:339 [ref. 25922] as type not at MNHN. •Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Current status: Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

maculiferus, Pleuronectes Poey [F.] 1860:316 [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cienfuegos, Cuba. Syntypes: (2). •Valid as Bothus maculiferus (Poey 1860) -- (Gutherz 1967:43 [ref. 23862], Cervigón 1992:273 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1996:28 [ref. 24489], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:342 [ref. 25013], Munroe 2003:1891 [ref. 27118], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:105 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:68 [ref. 27621], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:85 [ref. 33341], Pinheiro et al. 2015:33 [ref. 34324], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2020:171 [ref. 37680], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:392 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:73 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:268 [ref. 40480], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:112 [ref. 40726]). Current status: Valid as Bothus maculiferus (Poey 1860). Bothidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda south to São Paulo (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

maderensis, Rhombus Lowe [R. T.] 1834:143 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1833 (pt 1) (for 24 Dec.); ref. 2826] Off Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Also appeared as new in Lowe 1838 [possibly 1836], p. 201 [ref. 2828]. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1032 [ref. 19526]). •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809), but a valid subspecies maderensis -- (Nielsen 1973:620 [ref. 6885], Nielsen in Whitehead et al. 1986:1298 [ref. 13677], Santos et al. 1997:112 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:119 [ref. 24952], Wirtz et al. 2013:135 [ref. 32972], Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2988 [ref. 34618] with reservations). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

mancus, Pleuronectes Broussonet [P. M. A.] 1782:[19], Pls. [3-4] [Ichthyologia, sistens piscium descriptiones et icones. Decas I.; ref. 17287] Raiatea, Society Islands, French Polynesia; Nomuka Island, Ha'apai Group, Tonga, South Pacific. Mus. Britannic [now BMNH] (apparently lost). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:338 [ref. 25922]. as not types at MNHN. On unnumbered p. 19 and unnumbered pls. 3-4. Somewhat unclear but apparently maneus on Pl. 4. •Valid as Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) -- (Amaoka 1969:167 [ref. 105], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:349 [ref. 6441], Hensley 1986:855 [ref. 5669], Pequeño 1989:76 [ref. 14125], Winterbottom et al. 1989:66 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:449 [ref. 15987], Hensley & Suzumoto 1990:131 [ref. 17674], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:45 [ref. 21500], Kuiter 1993:385 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:167 [ref. 25479], Allen & Robertson 1994:286 [ref. 22193], Hensley in Fischer et al. 1995:935 [ref. 22829], Li & Wang 1995:210 [ref. 16193], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:74 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:611 [ref. 24023], Kuiter 1997:380 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:449 [ref. 25919], Evseenko 1998:59 [ref. 23643], Myers 1999:279 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:570 [ref. 24106], Randall 1999:29 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:94 [ref. 37268], Amaoka in Randall & Lim 2000:645 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1366 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:450 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:21 [ref. 25806], Sakai et al. 2001:123 [ref. 25693], Hensley & Amaoka 2001:3817 [ref. 26311], Hutchins 2001:46 [ref. 25847], Desoutter et al. 2001:338 [ref. 25922], Nakabo 2002:1366 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:63 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:649 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:77 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:178 [ref. 27807], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:431 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:613 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:516 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Bray 2006:1816 [ref. 29000], Randall 2007:458 [ref. 30952], Béarez & Séret 2009:151 [ref. 36646], Fricke et al. 2009:114 [ref. 30213], Ho et al. 2009:10 [ref. 31461], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:195 [ref. 30957], Caratini & Soriano 2011:118 [ref. 39915], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1046 [ref. 31980], Page et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32708], Fricke et al. 2013:272 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:189 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Francis & Duffy 2015:483 [ref. 36161], Fourriére et al. 2016:450 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:612 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:18 [ref. 35354], Fricke et al. 2018:369 [ref. 35805], Sánchez-Jiménez et al. 2018:S8 [ref. 36248], Amaoka & Ho 2019:169 [ref. 37188], Arndt & Fricke 2019:13 [ref. 36883], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:119 [ref. 40104], Hensley & Amaoka 2022:327 [ref. 40220], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: South Africa, East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar, Saint Brandon's Shoals (Cargados Carajos) and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Clipperton Island and Mexico, north to Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands (apan), Ogasawara Islands (Japan) and Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), south to Lord Howe Island (Australia), northern New Zealand, Kermadec Islands, Rapa (French Polynesia) and Ducie (Pitcairn Group). Habitat: marine.

marchionessarum, Passer Valenciennes [A.] 1846:no p., Pl. 9 [Voyage autour du monde sur la frégate "la Vénus"; ref. 6165] Marquesas Islands. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-8777 (dry). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:309 [ref. 25922]. Dates to publication in plate; corresponding text published as Valenciennes 1855:344 [ref. 4504]. •Synonym of Bothus pantherinus (Rüppell 1830) -- (Desoutter et al. 2001:309 [ref. 25922]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus pantherinus (Rüppell 1830). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

mellissi, Bothus Norman [J. R.] 1931:509 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 8 (no. 47) (art. 69); ref. 16315] Saint Helena Island, South Atlantic. Holotype: BMNH 1867.10.8.54. Paratypes: BMNH 1867.10.8.52-53 (2), 1868.6.15.40 (1), ?1908.7.24.15 (1), 1910.9.9.22-28 (7?). •Valid as Bothus mellissi Norman 1931 -- (Edwards & Glass 1987:666 [ref. 9166], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2987 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:170 [ref. 36444]). Current status: Valid as Bothus mellissi Norman 1931. Bothidae. Distribution: Southern central Atlantic: Ascension and Saint Helena islands. Habitat: marine.

myriaster, Rhombus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:181, Pl. 92 (fig. 2) [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): RMNH 3523. Type catalog: Boeseman 1947:149 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Amaoka 1969:162 [ref. 105], Kailola 1971:116 [ref. 39475], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:349 [ref. 6441], Hensley 1986:856 [ref. 5669], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:45 [ref. 21500], Francis 1993:167 [ref. 25479], Kim & Youn 1994:109 [ref. 22286], Goren & Dor 1994:71 [ref. 25356], Li & Wang 1995:208 [ref. 16193], Evseenko 1996:727 [ref. 24666], Evseenko 1998:59 [ref. 23643], Amaoka in Randall & Lim 2000:645 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1365 [ref. 25182], Hensley & Amaoka 2001:3818 [ref. 26311], Nakabo 2002:1365 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:429, 680 [ref. 26218], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:45 [ref. 27712], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Hoese & Bray 2006:1816 [ref. 29000], Ho et al. 2009:10 [ref. 31461], Ohashi & Motomura 2011:88 [ref. 32413], Psomadakis et al. 2015:324 [ref. 34104], Voronina et al. 2016:385 [ref. 35064], Fricke et al. 2018:369 [ref. 35805], Amaoka & Ho 2019:170 [ref. 37188], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 11 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:588 [ref. 37272], Hensley & Amaoka 2022:328 [ref. 40220], Tashiro 2022:83 [ref. 39012]). Current status: Valid as Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Bothidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, East Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes (Rodrigues) east to Philippines and Papua New Guinea, north to Korea and southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island (Australia). Habitat: marine.

nebularis, Platophrys Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1884:31 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 402); ref. 12325] Key West, Florida, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 34972. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1884.7.7.125-126 [from D. S. Jordan] (2) (1), USNM 34972 [not 54973 as published] (?4 of 5), MCZ 35936 [ex USNM] (1). Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 382, p. 3312 under Platophrys ocellatus in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. •Synonym of Bothus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831). Current status: Synonym of Bothus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

ocellata, Psettyllis Alcock [A. W.] 1890:437, Fig. 3 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 6 (no. 36) (art. 52); ref. 86] Off Ganjam Coast, Investigator, depth 9-13 fathoms; off Vizagapatam coast, Investigator, depth 7.5-9.5 fathoms. Syntypes: ZSI F12944 (1) off Ganjam coast. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:157 [ref. 20743] as Psettylis ocellata, Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:44 [ref. 22148] but with a holotype. •Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Current status: Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

ocellatus, Rhombus Agassiz [L.] in Spix & Agassiz 1831:85, Pl. 46 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Atlantic off Brazil. No types known. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:354 [ref. 25922]. •Valid as Bothus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831) -- (Gutherz 1967:41 [ref. 23862], Robins & Ray 1986:289 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:533 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:219 [ref. 14674], Boschung 1992:173 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:273 [ref. 23827], Andreata & Séret 1996:589 [ref. 16204], Cervigón 1996:29 [ref. 24489], Evseenko 1996:726 [ref. 24666], Evseenko 1998:59 [ref. 23643], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:342 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:170 [ref. 27754], Camargo & Isaac 2001:144 [ref. 27639], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:546 [ref. 26158], Collette et al. 2003:126 [ref. 26784], Munroe 2003:1891 [ref. 27118], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:105 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:68 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:179 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:824 [ref. 28815], Vaske et al. 2005:77 [ref. 36155], Page et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:85 [ref. 33341], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:182 [ref. 37485], Robertson et al. 2020:151 [ref. 38098], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:393 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:267 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Bothus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831). Bothidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New York (U.S.A.) south to Santa Catarina (Brazil), including Gulf of Mxico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

oculatus, Passer Plumier [C.] in Shaw 1803:319 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Not available, Plumier manuscript name mentioned in the synonymy of Pleuronectes argus Bloch 1783. Nomen Nudum. Bothidae.

ovalis, Platophrys Regan [C. T.] 1908:232, Pl. 27 (fig. 6) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Second Series. Zoology v. 12 (pt 3); ref. 3634] Amirante, Seychelles, depth 30 fathoms. Holotype: BMNH 1908.3.23.127. Paratypes: BMNH 1908.33.23.128-129 (2). •Synonym of Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Amaoka 1969:162 [ref. 105], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:45 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:208 [ref. 16193], Hensley & Amaoka 2001:3818 [ref. 26311], Amaoka & Ho 2019:170 [ref. 37188], Hensley & Amaoka 2022:328 [ref. 40220]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

pantherinus, Rhombus Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1830:121, Pl. 31 (fig. 1) [Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3843] Al Muwaylih, Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Lectotype: SMF 7550. Paralectotypes: SMF 7551-52 (2). Lectotype established by Dor 1984:268 [ref. 29757] if not designated earlier. •Valid as Bothus pantherinus (Rüppell 1830) -- (Amaoka 1969:170 [ref. 105], Nielsen 1973:620 [ref. 6885], Amaoka in Masuda et al. 1984:349 [ref. 6441], Dor 1984:268 [ref. 29757], Hensley 1986:856 [ref. 5669], Allen & Swainston 1988:146 [ref. 25477], Winterbottom et al. 1989:66 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:450 [ref. 15987], Baranes & Golani 1993:312 [ref. 22372], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:45 [ref. 21500], Kuiter 1993:385 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:168 [ref. 25479], Goren & Dor 1994:71 [ref. 25356], Li & Wang 1995:212 [ref. 16193], Randall 1995:356 [ref. 22896], Amaoka & Kishimoto 1996:3 [ref. 24365], Hensley 1997:5 [ref. 23195], Allen 1997:234 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:229 [ref. 23922], Kuiter 1997:380 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:450 [ref. 25919], Evseenko 1998:59 [ref. 23643], Myers 1999:279 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:571 [ref. 24106], Allen 2000:94 [ref. 37268], Amaoka in Randall & Lim 2000:645 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1366 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:450 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:21 [ref. 25806], Matsuura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:301 [ref. 27511] dating to 1828, Sakai et al. 2001:123 [ref. 25693], Hensley & Amaoka 2001:3819 [ref. 26311], Hutchins 2001:46 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:179 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:1366 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:63 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:649 [ref. 27495], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:214 [ref. 27510], Lobel & Lobel 2004:77 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:31 [ref. 27624], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:45 [ref. 27712], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:432 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:614 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:517 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Bray 2006:1816 [ref. 29000], Randall 2007:458 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:114 [ref. 30213], Ho et al. 2009:10 [ref. 31461], Kimura 2009:318 [ref. 30426], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Ohashi & Motomura 2011:89 [ref. 32413], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1047 [ref. 31980], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:431 [ref. 33460], Fricke et al. 2014:189 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:324 [ref. 34104], Voronina et al. 2016:385 [ref. 35064], Koeda et al. 2016:108 [ref. 35333], Ali et al. 2018:344 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:369 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:173 [ref. 36273], Jawad et al. 2018:124 [ref. 36262], Amaoka & Ho 2019:172 [ref. 37188], Arndt & Fricke 2019:13 [ref. 36883], Eagderi et al. 2019:120 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:315 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36871], Psomadakis et al. 2020:588 [ref. 37272], Akaike et al. 2021:30 [ref. 38809], Hensley & Amaoka 2022:329 [ref. 40220], Tashiro 2022:83 [ref. 39012]). Current status: Valid as Bothus pantherinus (Rüppell 1830). Bothidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, South Africa, Socotra, Seychelles, Madagascar, Mascarenes and Persian Gulf east to Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas Islands and Society Islands, north to Kagoshima Prefecture (southern Japan) and Ogasawara Islands, south to New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. Habitat: marine.

parvimanus, Rhombus Bennett [E. T.] 1832:168 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1830-31 (pt 1); ref. 4944] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): BMNH not found. •Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) -- (Fricke 1999:570 [ref. 24106]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

pavo, Rhombus Bleeker [P.] 1855:177 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 8 (no. 1); ref. 347] Cocos-Keeling Islands, Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Questionably the same as Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) but dating to a later Bleeker work -- (Amaoka 1969:105 [ref. 105]). •Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) -- (Li & Wang 1995:210 [ref. 16193], Mundy 2005:516 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

pellucida, Psettyllis Alcock [A. W.] 1890:437, Fig. 2 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 6 (no. 36) (art. 52); ref. 86] Off Ganjam coast, Investigator, depth 9-13 fathoms; off Vizagapatam coast, Investigator, depth 7-8 fathoms. Syntypes: ZSI F12940 (1) off Ganjam coast. Type catalog: Menon & Yazdani 1968:157 [ref. 20743] as Psettylis pellucida, Menon & Rama-Rao 1975:44 [ref. 22148] but with a holotype. •Uncertain in genus Bothus. Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

pictus, Pleuronectes Forster [J. R.] in Lichtenstein 1844:285 [Descriptiones animalium quae in itinere ad Maris Australis; ref. 17531] Nanacha [ = Nomuka Island, Ha'apai Group, Tonga]. No types known. Lichtenstein (editor, p.285, footnote) treats as a synonym of "Pleuronectes spinosus Bl. S. p. 161." •Unavailable name in Pleuronectidae -- (Evseenko 2004:29 [ref. 27606]). •In the synonymy of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) -- (R. Fricke, pers. comm. 7/22/2008). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

podas, Pleuronectes Delaroche [F. E.] 1809:354 [68], Pl. 24 (fig. 14) [Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 13; ref. 17380] [Iviça] Ibiza, Balearic Islands, Spain, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1999-0416. Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:309 [ref. 25922] with note on size discrepancy. On p. 68 and Pl. 5 of separate. •Valid as Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Nielsen 1973:620 [ref. 6885], Nielsen in Whitehead et al. 1986:1298 [ref. 13677], Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Evseenko 1998:59 [ref. 23643], Afonso et al. 1999:86 [ref. 25466], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:151 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:62 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:115 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:73 [ref. 36649], Munroe in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2988 [ref. 34618], Carneiro et al. 2019:190 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:101 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:292 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:100 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:27 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:85 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:45 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:231 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Portugal and Gibraltar south to Angola, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

rhomboide, Solea Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:14, 52 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

rhomboides, Rhombus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1833:fasc. 4, punt. 23, Pl. 99 (fig. 1) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 516] Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: ANSP 8847-51 (5), USNM 164910 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:31 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Nielsen 1973:620 [ref. 6885]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

robinsi, Bothus Topp [R. W.] & Hoff [F. H., Jr.] (ex Jutare) 1972:62, Fig. 21 [Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises v. 4 (pt 2); ref. 17925] Southwestern Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: Hourglass specimens (not Jutare specimens) (many); FSBC 3898 (figured specimen), others at FSBC. As Bothus robinsi Jutare; based on a manuscript name in a thesis by Thelma Jutare; description here regarded as by Topp & Hoff. •Valid as Bothus robinsi Topp & Hoff 1972 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:289 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:173 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:274 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1996:31 [ref. 24489], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:343 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:170 [ref. 27754], Munroe 2003:1892 [ref. 27118], Menezes & Figueiredo in Menezes et al. 2003:105 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:179 [ref. 27807], Dennis et al. 2004:83 [ref. 31601], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:825 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:187 [ref. 32708], Spier et al. 2018:18 [ref. 36103], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:394 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:268 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Bothus robinsi Topp & Hoff 1972. Bothidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New York (U.S.A.) south to Santa Catarina (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

rumolo, Bothus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:23 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:15 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Nielsen 1973:620 [ref. 6885], Aldebert et al. 1990:1031 [ref. 19526], Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

serratus, Rhombus Valenciennes [A.] 1839:[82], Pl. 18 (fig. 1) [Ichthyologie des îles Canaries v. 2 (pt 2); ref. 4502] Canary Islands, eastern Atlantic. Possible holotype in: MNHN 1999-0313 (3) or A-8730 (1). Type catalog: Desoutter et al. 2001:309-310 [ref. 25922] wrongly with syntypes; the holotype is the figured specimen. Dates to Pl. 18 in 1839, p. 82 published in 1843. •Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809) -- (Aldebert et al. 1990:1032 [ref. 19526]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus podas (Delaroche 1809). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

smithi, Platophrys Rendahl [H.] 1921:66 [The Natural History of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island v. 3 (pt 1); ref. 15329] Hawaiian Islands. Based on literature specimens of Platophrys mancus from Hawaii in Smith and Swain 1882:142 [ref. 14298]. Current status: Uncertain as Bothus smithi (Rendahl 1921). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

spinosus, Pleuronectes Schneider [J. G.] & Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:161 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Pacific near Namoka Island [= Nomuka Island, Ha'apai Group, Tonga]. No types known. Name attributable to Schneider, description taken from Forster manuscript (reproduced in Lichtenstein 1844:285-286 [ref. 17531] as "Pleuronectes pictus"). •Possibly a synonym of Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782) -- (R. Fricke, pers. comm., 1/19/2007). Current status: Uncertain as Bothus mancus (Broussonet 1782). Bothidae. Habitat: marine.

swio, Bothus Hensley [D. A.] 1997:2 [The J.L.B Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication No. 58; ref. 23195] Off northern Mozambique, 19°28'S, 36°37'E, depth 88 meters. Holotype (unique): SAM 33681. •Valid as Bothus swio Hensley 1997 -- (Hensley & Amaoka 2022:330 [ref. 40220]). Current status: Valid as Bothus swio Hensley 1997. Bothidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa (Mozambique). Habitat: marine.

thompsoni, Platophrys Fowler [H. W.] 1923:388 [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 8 (no. 7); ref. 1398] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): BPBM 3398. •Valid as Bothus thompsoni (Fowler 1923) -- (Mundy 2005:517 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:459 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Valid as Bothus thompsoni (Fowler 1923). Bothidae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

tricirrhitus, Bothus Kotthaus [A.] 1977:11, Fig. 441 [Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie No. 26; ref. 7263] West side of Gulf of Aden, 12°25'N, 43°52'E, Meteor station 54, depth 60 meters. Holotype: ZMH 5561. Paratypes: ZMH 5562 (1). Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:420 [ref. 21161]. •Synonym of Bothus pantherinus (Rüppell 1830) -- (Hensley & Amaoka 2022:329 [ref. 40220]). •Valid as Bothus tricirrhitus Kotthaus 1977 -- (Goren & Dor 1994:71 [ref. 25356], Hensley 1997:5 [ref. 23195], Golani & Fricke 2018:173 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Valid as Bothus tricirrhitus Kotthaus 1977. Bothidae. Distribution: Southern Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden. Habitat: marine.

ypsigrammus, Bothus Kotthaus [A.] 1977:10, Fig. 440 [Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie No. 26; ref. 7263] East coast of Somalia, 6°06'N, 49°05'E, Meteor station 123, depth 55-65 meters. Holotype: ZMH 5559. Paratypes: ZMH 5560 (1). Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:421 [ref. 21161]. •Valid as Bothus ypsigrammus Kotthaus 1977 -- (Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S122 [ref. 27377]). •Synonym of Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) -- (Hensley & Amaoka 2022:328 [ref. 40220]). Current status: Synonym of Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel 1846). Bothidae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea [if valid]. Habitat: marine.