Species that contain: Acanthurus and nigricans [ 5 ] records

achilles, Acanthurus Shaw [G.] 1803:383 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] No locality. No types known. •Valid as Acanthurus achilles Shaw 1803 -- (Randall 1956:201 [ref. 12221], Allen & Robertson 1994:272 [ref. 22193], Krupp in Fischer et al. 1995:842 [ref. 22829], Allen & Robertson 1997:832 [ref. 41086], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:45 [ref. 24545], Myers 1999:269 [ref. 23965], Randall 1999:27 [ref. 25829], Thomson et al. 2000:256 [ref. 25640], Randall & Frische 2000:51 [ref. 25805], Randall & Earle 2000:21 [ref. 25806], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:30 [ref. 26232], Randall 2001:3666 [ref. 26301], Yoshigou et al. 2003:2 [ref. 26786], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:76 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:164 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:574 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:485 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:420 [ref. 30952], Craig 2008:65 [ref. 29767], Béarez & Séret 2009:151 [ref. 36646], Hobbs et al. 2010:64 [ref. 30769], Page et al. 2013:180 [ref. 32708], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Lobel et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37334], Love et al. 2021:208 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:163 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Acanthurus achilles Shaw 1803. Acanthuridae. Distribution: Pacific: Caroline Islands east to Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas Islands and Pitcairn Group, straying to Clipperton Island (France) and Baja California (Mexico), south to Torres Strait (Queensland, Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Hybridizes with A. nigricans (Linnaeus 1758). Habitat: marine.

aliala, Acanthurus Lesson [R. P.] 1831:150 [Voyage autour du monde Zool. v. 2 (pt 1); ref. 2776] Kosrae, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Randall 1996:65 [ref. 22195]. Original as ali-ala. •Synonym of Acanthurus glaucopareius Cuvier 1829 -- (Randall 1956:199 [ref. 12221]). •Synonym of Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Randall 1988:56 [ref. 14257], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:565 [ref. 24023], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:353 [ref. 28867], Randall 2007:424 [ref. 30952], Craig 2008:65 [ref. 29767]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus 1758). Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

gahm, Chaetodon Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1268 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] No locality stated (Red Sea). No types known. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:55 [ref. 30182]. Based on unnamed variation (Arabic name Gahhm) of Chaetodon nigrofuscus Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775 of Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775:64, xiii [ref. 1351] (see Fricke 2008:55 [ref. 30182]); made available as Chaetodon gahm by Gmelin 1789:1268 [ref. 18139]. Spelled gahm by many early authors; spelling gahhm is here retained due to prevailing usage. •Synonym of Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dor 1984:254 [ref. 29757]). •Valid as Acanthurus gahhm (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall 1956:207 [ref. 12221], Kishimoto in Masuda et al. 1984:232 [ref. 6441], Randall 1988:56 [ref. 14257], Goren & Dor 1994:68 [ref. 25356], Myers 1999:270 [ref. 23965], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:45 [ref. 26232], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Randall 2005:579 [ref. 28239], DiBattista et al. 2015:22 [ref. 35706], Carpenter et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35143], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[17] 255 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:166 [ref. 36273], Zajonz et al. 2019:98 [ref. 36871]). •Valid as Acanthurus gahhm (Gmelin 1789) -- (Fricke 2008:55 [ref. 30182], Randall 2022:223 [ref. 40150], Zajonz et al. 2024:[14] [ref. 41238]). Current status: Valid as Acanthurus gahhm (Gmelin 1789). Acanthuridae. Distribution: Red Sea; northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden, Socotra (Yemen). Habitat: marine.

glaucopareius, Acanthurus Cuvier [G.] 1829:224 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Tahiti, Society Islands. BMNH 1979.6.13.8. Available from footnote as, "Ac. glauco-pareius, N., Seb., III, 1734, xxv, 3, qui paraît le vrai Chaetodon nigricans, L." •Valid as Acanthurus glaucopareius Cuvier 1829 -- (Randall 1956:199 [ref. 12221], Kishimoto in Masuda et al. 1984:231 [ref. 6441]). •Synonym of Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Randall 1988:56 [ref. 14257], Allen & Swainston 1988:140 [ref. 25477], Randall et al. 1990:423 [ref. 15987], Allen & Robertson 1994:272 [ref. 22193] as glaucoparieus, Chen et al. 1997:153 [ref. 26476], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:565 [ref. 24023] as glaucopareus, Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:642 [ref. 25122], Thomson et al. 2000:256 [ref. 25640], Randall & Frische 2000:51 [ref. 25805], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:28 [ref. 26232] dated 1831, Mundy 2005:488 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:424 [ref. 30952], Craig 2008:65 [ref. 29767]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus 1758). Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

nigricans, Chaetodon Linnaeus [C.] 1758:274 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Red Sea; unknown locality (probably Indonesia). No types known. Species with composite sources, based on Chaetodon nigrescens of Artedi 1738:90 [ref. 30529], and the 'Chætodon (maris rubri) aculeis in utroque latere ad caudam duobus' of Hasselquist 1757:332 [ref. 30181]. The Red Sea material desribed by Hasselquist belongs to another species, so a neotype to fix the current usage following Artedi is needed. •Valid as Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dor 1984:254 [ref. 29757], Randall 1988:54 [ref. 14257], Allen & Swainston 1988:140 [ref. 25477], Randall et al. 1990:423 [ref. 15987], Allen & Robertson 1994:272 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:68 [ref. 25356], Krupp in Fischer et al. 1995:842 [ref. 22829], Allen 1997:224 [ref. 23977], Allen & Robertson 1997:832 [ref. 41086], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:565 [ref. 24023], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:46 [ref. 24545], Randall et al. 1997:423 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:270 [ref. 23965], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:642 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1328 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:426 [ref. 25191], Thomson et al. 2000:256 [ref. 25640], Randall & Frische 2000:51 [ref. 25805], Randall & Earle 2000:21 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:270 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:28 [ref. 26232], Randall 2001:3665 [ref. 26301], Nakabo 2002:1328 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:62 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:647 [ref. 27495], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:203 [ref. 27510], Lobel & Lobel 2004:76 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:164 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:579 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:488 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1736 [ref. 29094], Randall 2007:424 [ref. 30952], Craig 2008:65 [ref. 29767], Béarez & Séret 2009:151 [ref. 36646], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:226 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1023 [ref. 31980], Page et al. 2013:180 [ref. 32708], Fricke et al. 2014:182 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:307 [ref. 34104], Fourriére et al. 2016:450 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:101 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:16 [ref. 35354], Golani & Fricke 2018:166 [ref. 36273], Fricke et al. 2019:300 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:98 [ref. 36871] as cf. nigricans, Lobel et al. 2020:8 [ref. 37334], Love et al. 2021:208 [ref. 39279], Grove et al. 2022:22 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:163 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40981], Zajonz et al. 2024:[14] [ref. 41238]). Current status: Valid as Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus 1758). Acanthuridae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, Pacific: Andaman Sea and Cocos-Keeling Islands east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to southern Japan and Hawaiian Islands, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia, Tonga and Austral Islands; eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Ecuador, including Revillagigedo Islands (Mexico), Clipperton Island (France) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Hybridizes with A. achilles Shaw 1803. Habitat: marine.