Species that contain: Acanthurus and pyroferus [ 9 ] records

armiger, Acanthurus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:234 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] No locality [= Caroline Islands]. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Bauchot & Randall 1996:65 [ref. 22195]. •Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Randall 1956:196 [ref. 12221], Bauchot & Randall 1996:65 [ref. 22195]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834. Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

celebicus, Acanthurus Bleeker [P.] 1853:761 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 5); ref. 335] Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 6331. •Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Randall 1956:197 [ref. 12221], Randall 2001:3673 [ref. 26301], Randall 2005:581 [ref. 28239], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:353 [ref. 28867]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834. Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

doreensis, Acanthurus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:220 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Doreh Harbor, New Guinea. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-7099. Type catalog: Bauchot & Randall 1996:57 [ref. 22195]. •Uncertain status -- (Randall 1956:226 [ref. 12221]). •Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Bauchot & Randall 1996:57 [ref. 22195]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834. Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

fowleri, Acanthurus de Beaufort [L. F.] (ex Fowler & Bean) in de Beaufort & Chapman 1951:149 [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago; ref. 16097] Buka Island; Maitara; Gomomo Island, Philippines. Syntypes: USNM (as listed in Fowler & Bean). Based on Hepatus pyroferus of Fowler & Bean 1929:232 [ref. 1476] (not Kittlitz); description taken from Fowler & Bean. •Valid as Acanthurus fowleri de Beaufort 1951 -- (Randall 1956:206 [ref. 12221], Allen 1997:228 [ref. 23977], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:642 [ref. 25122], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:54 [ref. 26232], Randall 2001:3664 [ref. 26301], Allen & Adrim 2003:62 [ref. 26830], Allen et al. 2006:1734 [ref. 29094], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1020 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:182 [ref. 33932], Carpenter et al. 2017:42 [ref. 35143]). Current status: Valid as Acanthurus fowleri de Beaufort 1951. Acanthuridae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean: east Indian region, Indonesia north to Philippines, east to Solomon Islands, south to New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

fuscus, Acanthurus Steindachner [F.] 1861:176, Pl. 5 (fig. 2) [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 11; ref. 18748] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Syntypes: (several) whereabouts unknown •Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Randall 1956:197 [ref. 12221]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834. Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

lishenus, Acanthurus Shen [S.-C.] & Lim [P.-C.] 1973:121, Fig. 28 [Report of the Institute of Fishery Biology of Ministry of Economic Affairs and National Taiwan Unversity, Taipei v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 52] Hong-tsai-keng, southwestern tip of Taiwan, South China Sea, depth 7 meters. Holotype (unique): NTUM 7312501. Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:59 [ref. 31432]. •Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Ho & Shao 2011:59 [ref. 31432]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834. Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

melanopterus, Acanthurus Shen [S.-C.] & Lim [P.-C.] 1973:122, Fig. 29 [Report of the Institute of Fishery Biology of Ministry of Economic Affairs and National Taiwan Unversity, Taipei v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 52] Wan-li-tung, southwestern tip of Taiwan, South China Sea, depth 5-10 meters. Holotype: NTUM 72121801. Paratypes: NTUM 72111702 (1). Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:59 [ref. 31432]. •Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Ho & Shao 2011:59 [ref. 31432]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834. Acanthuridae. Habitat: marine.

pyroferus, Acanthurus Kittlitz [F. H.] 1834:193, Pl. 12 (fig. 2) [Museum Senckenbergianum: Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der beschreibenden Naturgeschichte, von Mitgliedern der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main v. 1; ref. 10022] Uléa, Caroline Islands, western Pacific, ca. 7°22'N, 143°54'E. No types preserved. Based on a drawing by Kittlitz (Friedrich Heinrich Freiherr von Kittlitz, 1799-1874, German ornithologist and naturalist). •Valid as Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Randall 1956:196 [ref. 12221], Kishimoto in Masuda et al. 1984:231 [ref. 6441], Winterbottom et al. 1989:63 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:425 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:372 [ref. 23929], Allen 1997:228 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:366 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:425 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:271 [ref. 23965], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:642 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1327 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:427 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:21 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:123 [ref. 25868], Randall et al. 2001:115 [ref. 25316], Hutchins 2001:270 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:36 [ref. 26232], Randall 2001:3673 [ref. 26301], Nakabo 2002:1327 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:62 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:647 [ref. 27495], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:204 [ref. 27510], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:581 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1737 [ref. 29094], Motomura et al. 2010:227 [ref. 31256], Ho & Shao 2011:59 [ref. 31432], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1024 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:183 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Koeda et al. 2016:102 [ref. 35333], Fricke et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36673], Psomadakis et al. 2020:559 [ref. 37272], Wada et al. 2021:50 [ref. 38521]). Current status: Valid as Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834. Acanthuridae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Myanmar, Christmas and Cocos-Keeling islands and Indonesia east to Marquesas Islands and Tuamotu Islands, north to Amami Islands (southern Japan) and Ogasawara Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

tristis, Acanthurus Randall [J. E.] 1993:4, Figs. 1-3 [The J.L.B Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication No. 54; ref. 21092] Lively Rocks, Trincomalee, east coast of Sri Lanka, depth 10-12 meters. Holotype: BPBM 18802. Paratypes or non-types: BPBM 35043 (1), 34752 (1); ROM 39948 (1), 40376 (1); SMF 17869 (1). Tickell names published in synonymy by Day 1888:788 [ref. 1082] were not made available before 1961 (see Eschmeyer 1990:647 [ref. 20647]) (contra Myers 1951:26 [ref. 13464]) and therefore cannot date to Tickell in Day 1888. In the case of Acanthurus tristis Tickell, Day is unclear if he treats it as valid, but he calls it a "form" which is infrasubspecific. Therefore, the species dates to Randall's use of tristis as above. We regard Randall's "neotype" to be the holotype of the species [Art. 71.1 of the Code]; his additional specimens can be regarded as either paratypes or non-types. •Synonym of Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz 1834 -- (Randall 1956:197 [ref. 12221]). •Valid as Acanthurus tristis Randall 1993 -- (Myers 1999:271 [ref. 23965] as trisits, Kuiter & Debelius 2001:34 [ref. 26232] with author and date as Tickell 1888, Randall 2001:3665 [ref. 26301], Randall et al. 2001:115 [ref. 25316], Allen & Adrim 2003:63 [ref. 26830], Hobbs et al. 2008:10 [ref. 39350], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1026 [ref. 31980], Psomadakis et al. 2020:560 [ref. 37272], Randall 2022:230 [ref. 40150]). Current status: Valid as Acanthurus tristis Randall 1993. Acanthuridae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Maldives, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Andaman Sea, Christmas Island (Australia), western Sumatra, Java and Bali (Indonesia). Habitat: marine.