Species that contain: Brotula and multibarbata [ 10 ] records

burbonensis, Brotula Kaup [J. J.] 1858:92 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 24 (pt. 1); ref. 2576] Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-8468 (dry). •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Fricke 1999:100 [ref. 24106], Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:23 [ref. 24448], Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

ensiformis, Brotula Günther [A.] 1862:372 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 4; ref. 1969] Aneiteum Island, Vanuatu. Syntypes: BMNH 1860.7.18.13 (1, stuffed), 1860.7.18.61(1, stuffed). •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:23 [ref. 24448], Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

formosae, Brotula Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1902:364, Fig. 27 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 25 (no. 1289); ref. 2447] Taiwan. Holotype: ZUMT [orig. no. 359] (apparently lost). Type catalog: Ho & Shao 2011:37 [ref. 31432]. •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Chen & Shao 1991:11 [ref. 16679], Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:23 [ref. 24448], Ho & Shao 2011:37 [ref. 31432], Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

japonica, Brotula Steindachner [F.] & Döderlein [L.] 1887:279 [23] [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 53 (1. abth.); ref. 4249] Tokyo, Japan. Holotype (unique): NMW. •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:187 [ref. 7348], Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:23 [ref. 24448], Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

jayakari, Brotula Günther [A.] 1909:334 [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 6 (no. 16); ref. 14377] Muscat, Oman, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1888.12.29.193 (2?), BMNH uncat. (1, skeleton). •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:24 [ref. 24448], Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

marginalis, Brotula Jenkins [O. P.] 1901:403, Fig. 16 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 19 (1899); ref. 2340] Honolulu, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): USNM 49694. •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:24 [ref. 24448], Mundy 2005:243 [ref. 28379], Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

muelleri, Brotula Günther [A.] 1909:334 [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 6 (no. 16); ref. 14377] Ponape, Caroline Islands; Tahiti, Society Islands. Syntypes: (orig. 3, 4 now labeled syntypes) BMNH 1873.8.1.7 (1) and 1876.5.19.48 [or 45] (1) Tahiti, BMNH 1881.10.20.8 (1) and 1881.10.20.77 (1) Ponape. Spelled mülleri originally. •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:24 [ref. 24448] as mülleri, Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

multibarbata, Brotula Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846:251, Pl. 111 (fig. 2) [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Shimabara, Ariake Sea, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 3468. Paralectotypes: RMNH D1402 (stuffed), D2238 (1 stuffed), D2268 (1 stuffed), 3467 (1); ZMB 2326 (1, dry). Type catalog: Paepke 2001:330 [ref. 25566]. Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:182 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:187 [ref. 7348], Dor 1984:58 [ref. 29757], Machida in Masuda et al. 1984:99 [ref. 6441], Nielsen & Cohen 1986:346 [ref. 5700], Allen & Swainston 1988:38 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:311 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:48 [ref. 14125], Winterbottom et al. 1989:14 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:52 [ref. 15987], Chen & Shao 1991:11 [ref. 16679], Baranes & Golani 1993:304 [ref. 22372], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:217 [ref. 24016], Francis 1993:158 [ref. 25479], Goren & Dor 1994:15 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:81 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:62 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:125 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:28 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:52 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:52 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:66 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:100 [ref. 24106], Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:24 [ref. 24448], Nielsen 1999:1982 [ref. 24753], Randall 1999:8 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:85 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:436 [ref. 25086], Nielsen in Randall & Lim 2000:596 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:123 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:8 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:23 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:307 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:436 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:206, 537 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:25 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S99 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:614 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:8 [ref. 27624], Heemstra et al. 2004:3317 [ref. 27945], Greenfield 2005:80 [ref. 28204], Randall 2005:65 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:243 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:117 [ref. 30952], Prokofiev 2007:168 [ref. 34654], Fricke et al. 2009:27 [ref. 30213], Motomura et al. 2010:77 [ref. 31256], Fricke et al. 2011:366 [ref. 31242], Ho & Shao 2011:37 [ref. 31432], Allen & Erdmann 2012:128 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:49 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:32 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:5 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:172 [ref. 34104], Ali et al. 2018:313 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:83 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:39 [ref. 36273], Nakae in Kimura et al. 2018:60 [ref. 36460], Arndt & Fricke 2019:25 [ref. 36883], Brown et al. 2019:162 [ref. 36444] as Brotula cf. multibarbata, Eagderi et al. 2019:34 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 10 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:73 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:322 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:30 [ref. 37637], Ali et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38674], Wada et al. 2021:36 [ref. 38521], Ali et al. 2022:196 [ref. 39462], Nielsen & Uiblein 2022:246 [ref. 39706], Murase et al. 2023:38 [ref. 40935]). Current status: Valid as Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Gulf of Aden, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Korea, southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island. Saint Helena population probably based on a distinct species. Habitat: marine.

multicirrata, Brotula Vaillant [L. L.] & Sauvage [H.-E.] 1875:282 [Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Sér. 3) v. 3; ref. 17853] Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-8916. •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:24 [ref. 24448], Mundy 2005:243 [ref. 28379], Ali et al. 2021:197 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.

palmietensis, Brotula Smith [J. L. B.] 1935:220, Pl. 21 (fig. C) [Records of the Albany Museum Grahamstown v. 4; ref. 4066] Palimet River, Great Fish Point, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 299 [ex AMG]. •Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846 -- (Nielsen & Cohen 1986:346 [ref. 5700], Nielsen & Cohen in Nielsen et al. 1999:24 [ref. 24448], Ali et al. 2021:197 [ref. 38674]). Current status: Synonym of Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel 1846. Ophidiidae: Brotulinae. Habitat: marine.