Species that contain: Dentex and dentex [ 154 ] records

abei, Dentex Iwatsuki [Y.], Akazaki [M.] & Taniguchi [N.] 2007:30, Figs. 1A, 2A [Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science (Ser. A) Supplement No. 1; ref. 29100] Off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, depth 50 meters. Holotype: NSMT-P 57150. Paratypes: MUFS 7487 (1), 7489 (1), 7491 (1), 7492 (1), 17643-48 (5). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Dentex abei Iwatsuki, Akazaki & Taniguchi 2007 -- (Iwatsuki et al. 2015:114 [ref. 33802], Parenti 2019:59 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Valid as Dentex abei Iwatsuki, Akazaki & Taniguchi 2007. Sparidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Philippines and Taiwan north to Japan. Habitat: marine.

acromegalus, Dentex Osório [B.] 1911:61, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Memorias do Museu Bocage, Lisboa v. 2; ref. 13025] Ilha de Santo Antão, Cape Verde Islands. Syntypes: MB (destroyed in 1978 fire). •Valid as Virididentex acromegalus (Osório 1911) -- (Bauchot & Hureau 1990:812 [ref. 18793], Wirtz et al. 2013:127 [ref. 32972], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2620 [ref. 34618], Parenti 2019:63 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Valid as Virididentex acromegalus (Osório 1911). Sparidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Cape Verde Islands endemic. Habitat: marine.

adscensionis, Scomber Osbeck [P.] 1771:94 [A voyage to China and the East Indies v. 1-2; ref. 18499] Ascension Island. See Smith-Vaniz & Randall 1994 [ref. 21632] and Opinion 1841 in which the name was placed on the Official Index -- cited as a synonym from a pre-1758 publication. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Block & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2493 [ref. 34618], Smith-Vaniz 2022:56 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

albus, Dentex Gilchrist [J. D. F.] 1914:128, Fig. [Marine biological report: for the year ended ... and for the half year ending ...; to be presented to the Provincial Council; Union of South Africa, Province of the Cape of Good Hope. No. 2 (VII); ref. 15094] KwaZulu-Natal coast, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): SAM 11701. •Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:583 [ref. 5710], Siddiqui at al. 2014:80 [ref. 33479], Parenti 2019:58 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:294 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

analis, Caranx Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:88 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] St. Helena Island, South Atlantic. Holotype (unique): not found at MNHN. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:37 [ref. 12247]. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

angolensis, Dentex Poll [M.] & Maul [G. E.] 1953:1, Fig. [Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique v. 29 (no. 49); ref. 12715] Atlantic, 45 miles northeastern of Port Gentil, Gabon, 0°00'S, 8°58'E, depth 250-300 meters. Holotype: IRSNB 111. Paratypes: (87) IRSNB 112-131 (56), MRAC 97764-91 (28), coll. "Baldaque da Silva" (1). •Valid as Dentex angolensis Poll & Maul 1953 -- (Bauchot & Hureau 1990:793 [ref. 18793], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:361 [ref. 27969], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2583 [ref. 34618], Parenti 2019:59 [ref. 36892], Fermon et al. 2022:279 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Dentex angolensis Poll & Maul 1953. Sparidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Morocco south to Angola. Habitat: marine.

archeyi, Usacaranx Griffin [L. T.] 1932:130, Pl. 22 [Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 16372] North side of Motuihi Island, Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Holotype: AIM MA 262. Paratypes: AIM (5). Trnski personal communication (12/1/2017) on type status. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2006:101 [ref. 28900]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

argyrozona, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:235 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9018-20 (2, 1, 1), A-6185 (1), A-8083 (1, dry). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:47-48 [ref. 20898]. •Valid as Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:582 [ref. 5710], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:214 [ref. 28072], Parenti 2019:58 [ref. 36892], Russell & van Oijen 2021:425 [ref. 38177], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:292 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Valid as Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: Table Bay to KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Habitat: marine.

armatus, Pagellus Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:27 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Market at Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Holotype (unique): not at MNHN. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:67 [ref. 20898]. •Possibly a synonym of Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Uncertain as Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

atlanticus, Lethrinus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:275 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] St. Jago and Porto Praya, Cape Verde Islands. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-6219 (1), 9806 (1, dry), A-7848 (1, dry), A-7849 (1, dry). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1983:66 [ref. 21545]. Preceded by the unused name Dentex unispinosus Bowdich 1825, which was declared a nomen oblitum (see Parenti 2019:93 [ref. 36892]); therefore reversal of precedence. •Valid as Lethrinus atlanticus Valenciennes 1830 -- (Sato 1978:44 [ref. 8884], Roux 1990:789 [ref. 18781], Carpenter in Carpenter & Allen 1989:50 [ref. 13577], Afonso et al. 1999:75 [ref. 25466], Wirtz et al. 2007:34 [ref. 30263], Wirtz et al. 2013:125 [ref. 32972], Carpenter in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2565 [ref. 34618], Almeida & Alves 2019:270 [ref. 37509], Reiner 2019:315 [ref. 38139], Fermon et al. 2022:283 [ref. 39448]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Lethrinus atlanticus Valenciennes 1830. Lethrinidae: Lethrininae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Congo, including Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

balinensis, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1858:155 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 16982] Boleling, northern Bali, Indonesia. •Valid as Nemipterus balinensis (Bleeker 1858) -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:27 [ref. 19228], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Russell 2001:3078 [ref. 26106], Allen et al. 2006:1242 [ref. 29090], Fricke et al. 2014:92 [ref. 33932], Prokofiev 2022:693 [ref. 39593]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus balinensis (Bleeker 1858). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Indonesia east to Papua New Guinea. Habitat: marine.

banksii, Citula Risso [A.] 1820:254 [Journal de Physique, de Chimie et d'Histoire Naturelle v. 91; ref. 18636] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): not found at MNHN. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:39 [ref. 12247]. Spelled bancksii in Risso 1827:422 [ref. 3757]. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:374 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

barnardi, Dentex Cadenat [J.] in Blache, Cadenat & Stauch 1970:325, Fig. 843 [Clés de détermination des poissons de mer signalés dans l'Atlantique oriental v. 18; ref. 17964] Southeastern Atlantic, 9°20'S, 13°04'E, depth 20-22 meters. Syntypes: Guinean Trawling Survey (4, ? now 0); IRSNB 529 (1, as holotype) IRSNB 530-544 (5, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 4, 4, 1, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 1); MRAC 97752 (1), 97754-63 (10), 128025-26 (1, 1), 128361 (1), 174608-09 (1, 1), 177456-58 (3). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:27 [ref. 20755], with holotype. Appeared in key with figure as, "D. [Dentex] barnardi Cadenat 1964 (= D. canariensis sensu Poll 1954)." No publication in 1964 found. •Valid as Dentex barnardi Cadenat 1970 -- (Bauchot & Hureau 1990:791 [ref. 18793], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:161 [ref. 25472], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2584 [ref. 34618], Parenti 2019:59 [ref. 36892], Fermon et al. 2022:280 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Dentex barnardi Cadenat 1970. Sparidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Gabon south to Angola. Habitat: marine.

bipunctatus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] (ex Ehrenberg) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:247 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN (whereabouts unknown). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:82-83 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:13 [ref. 11366]. •Synonym of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch 1791) -- (Dor 1984:144 [ref. 29757]). •Valid as Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1986:600 [ref. 5708], Russell 1990:31 [ref. 19228], Goren & Dor 1994:39 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:215 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:302 [ref. 27969] with author as Ehrenberg, Carpenter et al. 1997:185 [ref. 23922], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S110 [ref. 27377], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:36 [ref. 27712] with author as Ehrenberg, Barman & Mishra 2009:6 [ref. 37652], Motomura in Shibukawa & Motomura 2009:157 [ref. 31131], Russell & Tweddle 2013:197 [ref. 32547], Psomadakis et al. 2015:267 [ref. 34104], Ali et al. 2018:330 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:211 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:94 [ref. 36273], Jawad et al. 2018:115 [ref. 36262], Eagderi et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 27 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:480 [ref. 37272], Russell & Gouws 2020:579 [ref. 38021], Russell 2022:329 [ref. 39836], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:62 [ref. 40682], Batool et al. 2023:317 [ref. 40703]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indian Ocean: East Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and Persian Gulf east to Myanmar, Andaman Sea and Strait of Malacca. Habitat: marine.

blochii, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1851:176 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 16895] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. •Synonym of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch 1791) -- (Russell 1990:37 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:302 [ref. 13441], Ning et al. 2015:2 [ref. 35427]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch 1791). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

brevis, Dentex Kner [R.] 1865:63 [Fische Frigatte "Novara" v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2638] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. •Synonym of Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:589 [ref. 5710], Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:304 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Synonym of Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

canariensis, Dentex Steindachner [F.] 1881:99 [Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse v. 18 (no. 11) (for 5 May 1881); ref. 20484] Canary Islands. Syntypes: (8) NMW 8821 (1). Species described in more detail in Steindachner 1881:393 [p. 1 in separate] [ref. 4232]. •Valid as Dentex canariensis Steindachner 1881 -- (Tortonese 1973:407 [ref. 7192], Bauchot & Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:886 [ref. 13676], Bauchot & Hureau 1990:791 [ref. 18793], Otero et al. 1998:1306 [ref. 39470], Wirtz et al. 2013:126 [ref. 32972] needs confirmation, Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2585 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:141 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:264 [ref. 37250], Parenti 2019:59 [ref. 36892], Spinelli & Castriota 2019:639 [ref. 37189], Fermon et al. 2022:280 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Dentex canariensis Steindachner 1881. Sparidae. Distribution: Southwestern Mediterranean Sea: Valencia (Spain); eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Angola. Habitat: marine.

carpenteri, Dentex Iwatsuki [Y.], Newman [S. J.] & Russell [B. C.] 2015:111, Figs. 1A-B, 2, 5A [Zootaxa 3957 (no. 1); ref. 33802] Off Ningaloo Reef near Exmouth, Western Australia (22°10.02’S, 113°46.21’E), depth 200-210 meters. Holotype: WAM P.33486-001. Paratypes: WAM. •Valid as Dentex carpenteri Iwatsuki, Newman & Russell 2015 -- (Parenti 2019:59 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Valid as Dentex carpenteri Iwatsuki, Newman & Russell 2015. Sparidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

celebicus, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1854:245 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 345] Makassar,Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5691. •Valid as Nemipterus celebicus (Bleeker 1854) -- (Dor 1984:144 [ref. 29757], Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:33 [ref. 19228], Goren & Dor 1994:39 [ref. 25356], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Hutchins 2001:34 [ref. 25847], Russell 2001:3064 [ref. 26106], Allen et al. 2006:1242 [ref. 29090], Larson et al. 2013:143 [ref. 32988]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus celebicus (Bleeker 1854). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

cephalotes, Othos Castelnau [F. L.] 1875:44 [Official Record, containing Introduction, Catalogues, Official Awards of the Commissioners, Report and Recommendations of the Experts, and Essays and Statistics on the Social and Economic Resources of the Colony of Victoria.; ref. 768] Swan River, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Othos dentex (Cuvier 1828) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:506 [ref. 12442], Allen et al. 2006:989 [ref. 29078], Parenti & Randall 2020:22 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Othos dentex (Cuvier 1828). Anthiadidae. Habitat: marine.

cestus, Caranx Richardson [J.] 1846:274 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China; China Sea. No types known. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:212, Pl. 4b [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cetti, Sparus Risso [A.] 1810:256 [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:71 [ref. 20898]. •Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bauchot & Daget 1972:71 [ref. 20898], Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Sparidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cheilio, Carangus Snyder [J. O.] 1904:524, Pl. 8 (fig. 14) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 4149] Honolulu market, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): USNM 50873. •Valid as Caranx cheilio (Snyder 1904) -- (Pequeño 1989:60 [ref. 14125], Pequeño & Lamilla 2000:434 [ref. 24906]). •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:374 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2730 [ref. 24833], Mundy 2005:371 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Pseudocaranx cheilio (Snyder 1904) -- (W. Smith-Vaniz, pers. comm. 4/2010, Randall 2007:236 [ref. 30952], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826]). Current status: Valid as Pseudocaranx cheilio (Snyder 1904). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

coeruleopunctatus, Dentex (Polysteganus) Klunzinger [C. B.] 1870:763 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 20; ref. 2621] Al-Qusair, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea. Lectotype: ZMB 7989. Paralectotypes: SMNS 1873 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1992:18 [ref. 20296], Fricke 2005:60 [ref. 29864]. Lectotype designated by Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2015:140 [ref. 34109]. •Valid as Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus (Klunzinger 1870) -- (Dor 1984:160 [ref. 29757], Smith & Smith 1986:590 [ref. 5710], Baranes & Golani 1993:308 [ref. 22372], Goren & Dor 1994:44 [ref. 25356], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S109 [ref. 27377], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:232 [ref. 28072], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2011:18 [ref. 31500], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2015:135 [ref. 34109], Fricke et al. 2018:220 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:101 [ref. 36273], Parenti 2019:62 [ref. 36892], Bogorodsky et al. 2020:525 [ref. 38001], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:307 [ref. 39785], Zajonz et al. 2022:184 [ref. 40522]). Current status: Valid as Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus (Klunzinger 1870). Sparidae. Distribution: Red Sea; western Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natral (South Africa) and East Africa east to Socotra (Yemen) and Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

congoensis, Dentex Poll [M.] 1954:310, Fig. 89 [Résultats Scientifiques. Expédition Océanographique Belge dans les Eaux Côtières Africaines de l'Atlantique Sud (1948-1949). Bruxelles. v. 4 (no. 3A); ref. 12663] Atlantic, 40 miles southwest of Moita Seca, 6°20'S, 11°35'E, depth 130-150 meters. Holotype: IRSNB 230. Paratypes: IRSNB 231-239 (1, 1, 1, 3, 8, 2, 4, 15, 1); MRAC 97792-97 (6), 798-802 (5), 803-804 (2), 805-808 (4). Type catalog: Walschaerts 1987:27 [ref. 20755], Derijst 1991:38 [ref. 21528]. •Valid as Dentex congoensis Poll 1954 -- (Bauchot & Hureau 1990:794 [ref. 18793], Afonso et al. 1999:75 [ref. 25466], Wirtz et al. 2007:35 [ref. 30263], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2586 [ref. 34618], Almeida & Alves 2019:272 [ref. 37509], Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892], Reiner 2019:214 [ref. 38139], Fermon et al. 2022:280 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Dentex congoensis Poll 1954. Sparidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Angola, including São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

cuninghamii, Dentex Regan [C. T.] 1905:325 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 15 (no. 87) (art. 41); ref. 15381] Coast of Angola. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1905.2.24.6. •Synonym of Pagellus bellottii Steindachner 1882 -- (Bauchot & Hureau 1990:804 [ref. 18793], Fricke et al. 2014:2 [ref. 33592], Parenti 2019:65 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Pagellus bellottii Steindachner 1882. Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

delagoae, Nemipterus Smith [J. L. B.] 1941:450 [Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa v. 28 (pt 5); ref. 19229] Delagoa Bay, Mozambique, western Indian Ocean, depth about 4 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 12 [ex AMG]. Replacement name for Nemipterus mulloides Smith 1939, secondarily preoccupied in Nemipterus by Dentex mulloides Bleeker 1852. •Valid as Nemipterus delagoae Smith 1941 -- (Akazaki in Masuda et al. 1984:176 [ref. 6441]). •Synonym of Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1986:600 [ref. 5708], Russell 1990:31 [ref. 19228], Randall 1995:215 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:185 [ref. 23922], Russell 2022:329 [ref. 39836]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

delicatissimus, Caranx Döderlein [L.] in Steindachner & Döderlein 1884:184 [16] [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 49 (1. Abth.); ref. 4248] Fish market in Tokyo, Japan. Holotype (unique): NMW. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644], Mundy 2005:371 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dentex, Anarhichas Bloch [M. E.] 1784:Pl. 74 (fig. 2) [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 3; ref. 19645] No types known. Text appeared in Bloch & Schneider 1801:496 [ref. 471]. •Based on tooth plate; status uncertain -- (Mecklenburg 2003:4 [ref. 27300]). Anarhichadidae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Brycon Günther [A.] 1860:240 [8] [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1860 (pt 2) (art. 8); ref. 18211] Esmeraldas, 0°59'N, 79°42'W, western Ecuador. Syntypes: BMNH 1860.6.16.156-159 (4), SMNS 762 (1). Type catalog: Fricke 1995:8 [ref. 28100], Fricke 2005:25 [ref. 29864]. On p. 8 of separate. •Valid as Brycon dentex Günther 1860 -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:28 [ref. 37559], Howes 1982:21 [ref. 14201], Ortega & Vari 1986:7 [ref. 9708], Lima in Reis et al. 2003:176 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:108 [ref. 35745], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:166 [ref. 34894], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:62 [ref. 35633], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:130 [ref. 40816], Valenzuela et al. 2023:94 [ref. 40815]). Current status: Valid as Brycon dentex Günther 1860. Bryconidae: Bryconinae. Distribution: South America: Pacific slope (Ecuador and Colombia). Habitat: freshwater.

dentex, Chaetostomus Günther [A.] 1868:477 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 1 (no. 6) (art. 56); ref. 1992] Xeberos (or Jeberos), upper Río Aipena system, tributary to Río Huallaga, about 5°18'S, 76°17'W, Dept. Loreto, Peru. Holotype: BMNH 1867.6.13.37. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:277 [ref. 29155]. Original genus is correctly Chaetostoma. Also published in Günther (Sept.) 1868:233 [ref. 5756]. •Valid as Panaque dentex (Günther 1868) -- (Isbrücker 1980:74-75 [ref. 2303], Ortega & Vari 1986:17 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:437 [ref. 12860], Schaefer & Stewart 1993:321 [ref. 21282], Le Bail et al. 2000:248 [ref. 24549] as cf. dentex, Chockley & Armbruster 2002:83 [ref. 26069], Fisch-Muller in Reis et al. 2003:391 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:113 [ref. 35745]). •Valid as Panaqolus dentex (Günther 1868) -- (Isbrücker et al. 2001:21 [ref. 25649], Isbrücker 2001:30 [ref. 25653], Isbrücker 2002:24 [ref. 27178], Ferraris 2007:277 [ref. 29155], Fisch-Muller et al. 2012:189 [ref. 31970], Lujan et al. 2013:192 [ref. 32784], Cramer 2014:69 [ref. 33229], Cramer & Rapp Py-Daniel 2015:469 [ref. 33945], Cramer & Sousa 2016:14 [ref. 34885], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:26 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Panaqolus dentex (Günther 1868). Loricariidae: Hypostominae. Distribution: South America: Napo, Pastaza and Marañón River basins (Ecuador and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.

dentex, Clupea Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:428 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Al-Mukhā, Yemen, Red Sea. No types known. An unneeded substitute name for Clupea dorab Forsskål 1775. •Objective synonym of Chirocentrus dorab (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:44 [ref. 29757], Whitehead 1985:23 [ref. 5141], Kottelat 2013:57 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Chirocentrus dorab (Fabricius 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:16 [ref. 30182]). Current status: Synonym of Chirocentrus dorab (Fabricius 1775). Chirocentridae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dentex, Corvina Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:139, Pl. 109 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 999] Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-0144. Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:8 [ref. 6382]. •Valid as Odontoscion dentex (Cuvier 1830) -- (Chao 1978:39 [ref. 6983], Robins & Ray 1986:185 [ref. 23100], Cervigón 1992:408 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:289 [ref. 24474], Aguilera 1998:51 [ref. 24221], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:162 [ref. 27754], Chao 2003:1632 [ref. 27097], Casatti & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:87 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:37 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:148 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:436 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:152 [ref. 32708], Catelani et al. 2014:933 [ref. 37496], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:57 [ref. 33341], Spier et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:4 [ref. 36717], Parenti 2020:34 [ref. 37439], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:80 [ref. 38844], Marceniuk et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:644 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:179 [ref. 40480] as aff. dentex, Hoff et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Odontoscion dentex (Cuvier 1830). Sciaenidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: eastern Florida (U.S.A.) south to Santa Catarina (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Cyclopterus Pallas [P. S.] 1769:6, Pl. 1 (fig. 1-4) [Spicilegia Zoologica v. 1 (fasc. 7); ref. 20848] [As] Kahvyk, Scheveningen and Monster, Belgii littore occidentali [Neatherlands]. No types known. Type locality erroneus. Original spelling of name Cycloptervs dentex (historical typeset, equals Cyclopterus dentex). •Valid as Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769) -- (Briggs 1955:40 [ref. 637], Briggs 1986:379 [ref. 5643], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:123 [ref. 28072], Conway et al. 2017:138 [ref. 35266], Russell & van Oijen 2021:435 [ref. 38177], Briggs 2022:439 [ref. 39965]). Current status: Valid as Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769). Gobiesocidae: Chorisochisminae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: Namibia south to Cape of Good Hope (South Africa), then north to KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Habitat: marine.

dentex, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:325 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Nile River. Holotype (unique): NRM 49. Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:214-215 [ref. 20707]. See also Opinion 1813. Based on Salmo dentex Hasselquist 1757:395 [ref. 30181]. •Valid as Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Paugy 1984:144 [ref. 6183], Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1990:205 [ref. 21589], Lévèque et al. 1991:139 [ref. 31367], Dankwa et al. 1999:19 [ref. 28023], Seegers et al. 2003:35 [ref. 28087], Neumann et al. 2016:305 [ref. 35036], Akoth et al. 2023:11 [ref. 40069]). Current status: Valid as Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Alestidae. Distribution: Africa. Habitat: freshwater.

dentex, Ecsenius Springer [V. G.] 1988:69, Pl. 8 (fig. 4); Fig. 35d [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 465; ref. 6804] Reef near road at Marsa Muqabila, northwestern coast of Gulf of Aqaba, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, Red Sea, depth to 4.1 meters. Holotype: USNM 276351. Paratypes: BPBM 13394 (2), 29663 (5, now 4); HUI E63/33 (2), E63/36 (3), 3531 (1), F-3542 (1), F-3551 (3), F-3553 (3); F-4376 (6); F-4384 (1); ROM 43606 (4); SMF 5119 (1); USNM 200602 (4, 1 c&s), 201754 (3), 204567 (62, not 61), 204568 (20), 204570-71 (36, 39), 276352 (9) Type catalog: Springer et al. 1991:7 [ref. 18888]. •Valid as Ecsenius dentex Springer 1988 -- (Goren & Dor 1994:59 [ref. 25356], Springer & Randall 1999:45 [ref. 24274], Patzner et al. 2009:452 [ref. 30396], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[16] 254 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:138 [ref. 36273], Allen et al. 2019:76 [ref. 36633], Esmaeili et al. 2022:12 [21] [ref. 39526], Williams & Springer 2022:349 [ref. 39951]). Current status: Valid as Ecsenius dentex Springer 1988. Blenniidae: Salariinae. Distribution: Northern Red Sea: Gulf of Aqaba endemic. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Engraulis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848:28 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 21; ref. 1013] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-3720. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000-1102 (2). Type catalog: Bertin 1940:297-298 [ref. 293], Whitehead & Bauchot 1986:32 [ref. 9739]. Lectotype selected by Whitehead 1967:134 [ref. 6464]. •Synonym of Lycengraulis grossidens (Spix & Agassiz 1829) -- (Whitehead et al. 1988:390 [ref. 5725], Kullander & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:41 [ref. 27061], Litz & Koerber 2014:6 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:9 [ref. 35117], Vera-Alcaraz & Vuletich 2016:2 [ref. 35084], Koerber et al. 2017:11 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Lycengraulis grossidens (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Engraulidae: Engraulinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

dentex, Equula Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:91 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Lectotype: MNHN A-0578. Paralectotypes: MNHN A-6758 (1), A-6760 (1), A-6761 (3), 1995-172 [ex MNHN A-0578] (1). Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1989:19 [ref. 15502]. Lectotype selected by Yamashita et al. 1998:272 [ref. 23474]. •Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1797) -- (authors). •Valid as Gazza dentex (Valenciennes 1835) -- (Yamashita et al. 1998:272 [ref. 23474], Kimura et al. 2000:1 [ref. 24478], Yamashita & Kimura 2001:165 [ref. 25380], Ikejima et al. 2004:908 [ref. 27755], Heemstra et al. 2004:3322 [ref. 27945], Hoese & Bray 2006:1177 [ref. 29000], Fricke et al. 2009:58 [ref. 30213], Larson et al. 2013:127 [ref. 32988], Seth et al. 2019:267 [ref. 39533], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2022:423 [ref. 39869]). Current status: Valid as Gazza dentex (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Indonesia, north to Thailand, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Gymnothorax de Buen [F.] 1961:12, Fig. 4 [Montemar No. 1; ref. 698] Easter Island, southeastern Pacific. Holotype: EBMC 97. Paratypes: EBMC 103 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:105 [ref. 26380]. •Synonym of Gymnothorax eurostus (Abbott 1860) -- (Randall & McCosker 1975:25 [ref. 7466], Bussing 1998:444 [ref. 24930], Böhlke & Randall 2000:234 [ref. 24493], Böhlke & Smith 2002:105 [ref. 26380], Randall 2007:86 [ref. 30952], Smith 2012:14 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnothorax eurostus (Abbott 1860). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Haplochromis Regan [C. T.] 1922:182, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1922 (pt 1) (no. 9); ref. 3675] Sesse Islands, Lake Victoria [Victoria Nyanza]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1909.5.4.1. •Valid as Haplochromis dentex Regan 1922 -- (van Oijen et al. 1991:120 [ref. 20956]). Current status: Valid as Haplochromis dentex Regan 1922. Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Victoria. Habitat: freshwater.

dentex, Hippoglossus Richardson [J.] 1845:no p., Pl. 47 [Ichthyology.--Part 2. The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur; ref. 20574] Southern coasts of China. No types known. Available from plate; technically the holotype is the specimen represented in the figure. Text in Richardson 1845:102 [ref. 20275]. Based on specimen(s) and illustrations, all apparently lost (see Whitehead 1970:218 [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Psettodes erumei (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:11 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:102 [ref. 16193]). Current status: Synonym of Psettodes erumei (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Psettodidae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Leptocephalus Cantor [T. E.] 1849:1315 [333] [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 715] Penang, Malaysia. On page following 332 (mislabeled as 233) of separate. Congridae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Leptocephalus Collett [R.] 1896:153 [Poissons provenant des campagnes du Yacht "L'Hirondelle" (1885-1888) Fasc. 10; ref. 890] North Atlantic. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Leptocephalus dentex Cantor 1849. •Questionably a synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809) -- (Smith 1989:496 [ref. 13285]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche 1809). Congridae: Bathymyrinae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Menidia Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1882:429 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 297); ref. 1840] Mouth of St. John's River, Florida, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 36248 [ex USNM] (1), USNM 18051 (now 7). Types as, "There are ten individuals... The three which are made the special types of this description..." Atherinopsidae: Menidiinae.

dentex, Mesoprion Bleeker [P.] 1859:20 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 6 (art. 3); ref. 371] Sibogha, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 5449 (2). Apparently an unneeded replacement name for Pristipomoides typus Bleeker; also appeared in Bleeker 1860:19 [ref. 375]. •Synonym of Pristipomoides typus Bleeker 1852 with same type specimens. Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Pristipomoides typus Bleeker 1852. Lutjanidae: Etelinae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Osmerus Steindachner [F.] & Kner [R.] 1870:429 [9] [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 61 (1. Abth.); ref. 4250] Decastris Bay, Tatar Strait, northern Sea of Japan. Syntypes: (several) NMW [ex MGH 1404]. On p. 9 of separate. •Synonym of Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (McAllister 1963:16 [ref. 8075]). •Synonym of Osmerus mordax (Mitchill 1814), but usually as a valid subspecies -- (Berg 1948:437 [ref. 12882], Kljukanov & McAllister 1973:158 [ref. 7178], Lee et al. 1980:124 [ref. 22416], McAllister in Whitehead et al. 1984:402 [ref. 13675], Uyeno in Masuda et al. 1984:33 [ref. 6441], Lelek 1987:130 [ref. 22962], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:733 [ref. 24702], McAllister 1990:77 [ref. 14674], Chereshnev 1996:602 [ref. 24659], Nikiforov et al. 1997:330 [ref. 24694], Dorofeeva 1998:51 [ref. 23573], Scott & Crossman 1998:313 [ref. 24570], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:8 [ref. 24670], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:19 [ref. 25650], Chereshnev et al. 2001:55 [ref. 26736], Zemnukhov et al. 2001:420 [ref. 25412], Fedorov et al. 2003:32 [ref. 27579], Alekseyev et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27625], Scharpf 2006:22 [ref. 30386], Dolgov 2013:915 [ref. 33112], Dolgov et al. 2018:53 [ref. 41055]). •Valid as Osmerus dentex Steindachner & Kner 1870 -- (Okada 1961:345 [ref. 6363], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:128 [ref. 28183], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:347 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:343 [ref. 30085], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:124 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013:86 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:116 [ref. 33547], Tohkairin et al. 2015:5 [ref. 35331], Afonso et al. 2016:17, 242 [ref. 36199], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:675 [ref. 34853], Kells et al. 2016:96 [ref. 35888], Dyldin et al. 2020:82 [ref. 37569], Dyldin et al. 2021:31 [ref. 38804], Love et al. 2021:52 [ref. 39279], Kirillova & Kirillov 2022:487 [702] [ref. 39609], Page et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Osmerus dentex Steindachner & Kner 1870. Osmeridae. Distribution: Arctic Ocean and North Pacific. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

dentex, Petromyzon Anikin [V. P.] 1905:17 [Izvestiya Tomskogo Universiteta v. 27; ref. 15920] Mouth of Jenissei River at village Goltschicha, Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: (2). •Synonym of Lampetra japonica (Martens 1868), but questionably the same as L. kessleri (Anikin 1905) -- (Berg 1948:40 [ref. 12882]). •Synonym of Lethenteron kessleri (Anikin 1905) -- (Holčík 1986:221 [ref. 24819], Reshetnikov 1998:18 [ref. 23570]). •Synonym of Lethenteron reissneri (Dybowsky 1869) -- (Parin et al. 2014:15 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Lethenteron camtschaticum (Tilesius 1811) -- (Naseka & Renaud 2020:47 [ref. 37921]). Current status: Synonym of Lethenteron camtschaticum (Tilesius 1811). Petromyzontidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

dentex, Plectropoma Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828:394 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 2; ref. 997] King George Sound, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-7678. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:20 [ref. 19232], Anderson 2018:24 [ref. 36146]. •Valid as Othos dentex (Cuvier 1828) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:506 [ref. 12442], Kuiter 1993:134 [ref. 23929], Gomon et al. 1994:545 [ref. 22532], Kuiter 1997:102 [ref. 25488], Hutchins 2001:262 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:30 [ref. 25847], Allen et al. 2006:989 [ref. 29078], Roberts & Gomon 2008:548 [ref. 30641], Anderson 2018:24 [ref. 36146], Hoschke et al. 2019:155 [ref. 36626], Parenti & Randall 2020:22 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Valid as Othos dentex (Cuvier 1828). Anthiadidae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Salar Heckel [J. J.] 1851:371, Pl. 10 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 8; ref. 18259] Narenta [Nerteva River], Bosnia-Herzegovina. Lectotype: NMW 65895. Paralectotypes: NMW 16505 (1, dry), 65887 (9), 65888 (4, poor condition), 65895 (4), 92806 (1, dry), 95284 (1), 95285 (1); NRM 25000 (1). See Kottelat 1997:135 [ref. 22952] for localities. Lectotype selected by Delling 2011:339 [ref. 31191]. •Questionably valid as Salmo dentex (Heckel 1851) -- (Kottelat 1997:135 [ref. 22952], Delling 2002:299 [ref. 26660]). •Synonym of Salmo trutta Linnaeus 1758, subspecies dentex (Heckel 1851) -- (Ćaleta et al. 2015:85 [ref. 34877]). •Valid as Salmo dentex (Heckel 1851) -- (Mrakovcic et al. 1995:183 [ref. 23079], Zupančič 2008:62 [ref. 29926], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:421 [ref. 29996], Delling 2011:339 [ref. 31191], Bianco 2013:3 [ref. 32897], Ćaleta et al. 2019:177 [ref. 37026] with question). Current status: Valid as Salmo dentex (Heckel 1851). Salmonidae: Salmoninae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Adriatic basin. Habitat: freshwater.

dentex, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:30 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Holotype (unique): ZMB 14112 (dry, stuffed). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:54 [ref. 24282]. See Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2006:102 [ref. 28900]. See Smith-Vaniz & Randall 1994 [ref. 21632] and Opinion 1841. Fricke 1999:253 [ref. 24106] dates this species to an 1800 edition of which only a fragment of the text remains (see Fricke p. 666) -- that edition should be placed on the Official Index of Rejected Works. •Valid as Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807]). •Valid as Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:155 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:833 [ref. 13676], Smith-Vaniz 1986:654 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:74 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:582 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:61 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:184 [ref. 24556], Randall et al. 1990:164 [ref. 15987], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644], Kuiter 1993:176 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:161 [ref. 25479], Gomon et al. 1994:584 [ref. 22532], Allen 1997:114, 116 [ref. 23977], Santos et al. 1997:86 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:84 [ref. 24952], Kuiter 1997:162 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:164 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:59 [ref. 23921], Fricke 1999:253 [ref. 24106], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2730 [ref. 24833], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:242 [ref. 25013], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:15 [ref. 25829], Nakabo 2000:804 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:235 [ref. 25191], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:85 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:804 [ref. 26001], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1454 [ref. 27083], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:81 [ref. 27192], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:304 [ref. 28072], Golani 2005:40 [ref. 37112], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:289 [ref. 28815], Mundy 2005:371 [ref. 28379], Randall 2005:234 [ref. 28239], Hoese & Gates 2006:1163 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2007:84 [ref. 29533], Randall 2007:236 [ref. 30952], Smith-Vaniz 2008:577 [ref. 30654], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30213], Bañon et al. 2010:17 [ref. 31029], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:45 [ref. 36649], Motomura et al. 2010:116 [ref. 31256], Di Dario et al. 2013:263 [ref. 37503], Page et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Kim & Song 2014:341 [ref. 39489], Wirtz et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33516], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2493 [ref. 34618], Spier et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36103], Bearham et al. 2019:[B] [ref. 36963] as P. sp. "dentex", Brown et al. 2019:168 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:253 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:197 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:61 [ref. 37515], Kim et al. 2020:127 [ref. 39118], Kovačić et al. 2020:36 [ref. 37519], Sonoyama et al. 2020:64 [ref. 37637], Bañón & Maño 2021:83 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:50 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:46 [ref. 39014], Mochizuki et al. 2021:50 [ref. 38974], Farhana-Azmi et al. 2022:7 [ref. 40448], Fermon et al. 2022:239 [ref. 39448] possible, Smith-Vaniz 2022:56 [ref. 39876], Carvalho-Filho 2023:143 [ref. 40480], Ceríaco et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40710], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505], Tursi & Mastrototaro in Digenis et al. 2024:107 [ref. 40958]). Current status: Valid as Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal in warm temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Japan), but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dentex, Sparus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:281 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Valid as Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Tortonese 1973:407 [ref. 7192], Bauchot & Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:887 [ref. 13676], Bauchot & Hureau 1990:793 [ref. 18793], Arruda 1997:89 [ref. 24952], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:89 [ref. 26753], Parin 2003:S10 [ref. 28536], Palma & Andrade 2004:449 [ref. 27717], Golani 2005:42 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:86 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:98 [ref. 30517], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:47 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:367 [ref. 33547], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2587 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:142 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:264 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892], Bariche & Fricke 2020:89 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:42 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:84 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:54 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:79 [ref. 39014], Gus'kov et al. 2022:72 [ref. 39564]). Current status: Valid as Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Sparidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: British Isles south to Mauritania, including Azores and Madeira. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dentex, Thysanactis Regan [C. T.] & Trewavas [E.] 1930:58, Pl. 2 (fig. 1); Figs. 35-36 [Danish Dana Expedition 1920-22 in the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Panama, Oceanographical Reports. v. 2 (no. 6); ref. 3681] Caribbean Sea; western Atlantic. Syntypes: BMNH 1929.7.6.8 (1), 1929.7.6.9 (1); ZMUC P202078-80 (1, 1, 1). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:24 [ref. 9588]. •Valid as Melanostomias dentex Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Shinohara et al. 2005:406 [ref. 28370]). •Valid as Thysanactis dentex Regan & Trewavas 1930 -- (Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:51 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:203 [ref. 12442], Gibbs & Barnett 1990:336 [ref. 14915], Harold 1999:1913 [ref. 24741], Nakabo 2000:330 [ref. 25086], Hutchins 2001:19 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:330 [ref. 26001], Harold 2003:912 [ref. 27001], Mundy 2005:189 [ref. 28379], Paxton et al. 2006:451 [ref. 28995], Fricke et al. 2011:358 [ref. 31242], Harold 2016:1815 [ref. 34568], Sutton et al. 2020:82 [ref. 37832], Eduardo et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39574], Fermon et al. 2022:178 [ref. 39448] with question, Villarins et al. 2022:59 [ref. 39442]). Current status: Valid as Thysanactis dentex Regan & Trewavas 1930. Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas, but not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

diplodon, Dentex Bowdich [S. L.] 1825:235, Fig. 46 [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Porto Praya, St. Jago Island, Cape Verde Islands. Unused senior synonym of Pomadasys perotaei (Cuvier 1830), therefore reversal of prwecedence (see Parenti 2019:93 [ref. 36892]). •In the synonymy of Pomadasys perotaei (Cuvier 1830) -- (Parenti 2019:93 [ref. 36892], Parenti 2019:7 [ref. 36934], Parenti 2019:170 [ref. 37021]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Pomadasys perotaei (Cuvier 1830). Haemulidae. Habitat: marine.

dvinensis, Osmerus Smitt [F. A.] 1883:34 [Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens förhandlingar, Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademien. v. 39 (no. 8) [for 1882]; ref. 18729] Dvina River, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies dentex Steindachner 1870 -- (Berg 1948:439 [ref. 12882]). •Synonym of Osmerus mordax (Mitchill 1814) -- (Kljukanov & McAllister 1973:158 [ref. 7178]). •Synonym of Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (McAllister 1963:16 [ref. 8075], Parin et al. 2014:116 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus 1758). Osmeridae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

elongatus, Dentex Marion de Procé [P.-M.] 1822:132 [Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique de Paris [Sér. 3] [v. 9] (for 1822); ref. 17601] Manila Bay, Philippines. No types known. •Incertae sedis in Sparidae -- (Parenti 2019:89 [ref. 36892]). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

eperlanomarinus, Salmo Bloch [M. E.] 1782:182, Pl. 28 (fig. 1) [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 1; ref. 19643] North Sea and Baltic Sea. Syntypes: ZMB 3736 (2). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:108 [ref. 24282]. Spelled eperlano-marinus originally. Name available from plate. On p. 145 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 1 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies dentex Steindachner 1870 -- (Berg 1948:441 [ref. 12882]). •Synonym of Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (McAllister 1963:21 [ref. 8075], Kljukanov & McAllister 1973:158 [ref. 7178], Kottelat 1997:96 [ref. 22952], Dorofeeva 1998:51 [ref. 23573]). Current status: Synonym of Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus 1758). Osmeridae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

erytrostoma, Dentex Risso [A.] 1827:364, Pl. 12 (fig. 31) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791) -- (Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

fasciata, Athaena Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:72 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Greenpoint, South Africa. •Synonym of Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769) -- (Briggs 1955:40 [ref. 637], Briggs 1986:379 [ref. 5643], Briggs 2022:439 [ref. 39965]). Current status: Synonym of Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769). Gobiesocidae: Chorisochisminae. Habitat: marine.

fasciolatus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] (ex Ehrenberg) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:242 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Red Sea. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:65 [ref. 20898]. •Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Dor 1984:158 [ref. 29757], Siddiqui at al. 2014:80 [ref. 33479], Parenti 2019:58 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:294 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

filamentosus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:254, Pl. 155 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Suriname. Holotype (unique): RMNH 1018. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:83 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:13 [ref. 11366]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Cantharus filamentosus Rüppell 1828 first in Synagris and then in Nemipterus, replaced by Synagris macronemus Günther 1859. •Synonym of Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker 1854) -- (Russell 1990:17, 45 [ref. 19228], Russell 2001:3069 [ref. 26106]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker 1854). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

filifer, Dentex Castelnau [F. L.] 1875:12 [Official Record, containing Introduction, Catalogues, Official Awards of the Commissioners, Report and Recommendations of the Experts, and Essays and Statistics on the Social and Economic Resources of the Colony of Victoria.; ref. 768] Queensland, Australia. Holotype (unique): not at MNHN. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:66 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:14 [ref. 11366]. •Synonym of Pentapodus paradiseus (Günther 1859) -- (Russell 1990:87 [ref. 19228], Allen et al. 2006:1246 [ref. 29090]). Current status: Synonym of Pentapodus paradiseus (Günther 1859). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

filiformis, Dentex Seale [A.] 1910:512, Pl. 9 [The Philippine Journal of Science Section A v. 4 (no. 6) (for 1909); ref. 4000] Surigao, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Holotype (unique): BSMP 1755 (apparently destroyed). •Synonym of Pentapodus setosus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1990:89 [ref. 19228]). Current status: Synonym of Pentapodus setosus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

filosus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] 1841:[37], Pl. 6 [Ichthyologie des îles Canaries v. 2 (pt 2); ref. 4502] Canary Islands. Syntypes: MNHN A-7749 (1), B-2878 (1). Dates to Pl. 6 in Sept. 1841, p. 37 published in 1843. •Synonym of Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Tortonese 1973:408 [ref. 7192], Bauchot & Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:888 [ref. 13676], Bauchot & Hureau 1990:792 [ref. 18793], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:90 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:42 [ref. 37112], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2588 [ref. 34618], Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque 1810). Sparidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fimbriatus, Gobiesox Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:72 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Camp's Bay, South Africa. No types known. •Synonym of Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769) -- (Briggs 1986:379 [ref. 5643], Briggs 2022:439 [ref. 39965]). Current status: Synonym of Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769). Gobiesocidae: Chorisochisminae. Habitat: marine.

fourmanoiri, Dentex Akazaki [M.] & Séret [B.] 1999:179, Figs. 1-2 [Proc. 5th Indo-Pac. Fish Conf., Noumea; ref. 23938] East of Chesterfield Islands, New Caledonia, 19°27'S, 158°34'E, depth 217 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1998-301. Paratypes: MNHN 1997-4140 to 4142 (3, 2, 2), 1998-302 (5); MUFS 14775 (1, dissected), 14874 (1); NSMT-P 54577 (1). •Valid as Dentex fourmanoiri Akazaki & Séret 1999 -- (Carpenter 2001:2999 [ref. 26104], Iwatsuki et al. 2007:33 [ref. 29100], Fricke 2011:402 [ref. 31242], Iwatsuki et al. 2015:114 [ref. 33802] misspelled once as formanoiri, Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Valid as Dentex fourmanoiri Akazaki & Séret 1999. Sparidae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: Chesterfield Islands, Grande Terre and Ile des Pins (New Caledonia). Habitat: marine.

furcosus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:244 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Syntypes: MNHN 0132 (2). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:83 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:6 [ref. 11366]. •Valid as Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:34 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:36 [ref. 20179], Russell 1993:299 [ref. 13441], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:302 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Anderson et al. 1998:24 [ref. 23611], Myers 1999:157 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:848 [ref. 25086], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:34 [ref. 25847], Russell 2001:3065 [ref. 26106], Nakabo 2002:848 [ref. 26001], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:37 [ref. 27712], Adrim et al. 2004:121 [ref. 27715], Randall 2005:282 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1243 [ref. 29090], Barman & Mishra 2009:7 [ref. 37652], Ning et al. 2011:829 [ref. 32152], Larson 2013:144 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:144 [ref. 34464], Ning et al. 2015:5 [ref. 35427], Russell & Ho 2017:287 [ref. 35134], Motomura et al. 2017:146 [ref. 35490], Matsunuma in Kimura et al. 2018:175 [ref. 36460], Fricke et al. 2019:165 [ref. 36673], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 27 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:480 [ref. 37272], Muto in Motomura et al. 2021:33 [ref. 38121], Prokofiev 2022:694 [ref. 39593], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:63 [ref. 40682], Vilasri et al. 2023:88 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Maldives, India, Bangladesh and Myanmar east to New Ireland (Papua New Guinea), north to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

furcosus, Synagris Günther [A.] 1859:373 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 1; ref. 1961] Ambon (Maluku, Indonesia), Australia and Louisiade Archipelago (Papua New Guinea). Syntypes: BMNH 1858.4.21.242, 1851.2.20.10 and BMNH uncat. (dried or stuffed) Secondary junior homonym of Dentex furcosus Valenciennes 1830. Not an independent species description; based on Dentex furcosus Valenciennes 1830. •Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Allen et al. 2006:1243 [ref. 29090]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

georgianus, Caranx Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:85 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] King George Sound, Western Australia. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-5854 (2). Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:12 [ref. 12247]. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:833 [ref. 13676], Smith-Vaniz 1986:654 [ref. 5718], Paxton et al. 1989:582 [ref. 12442], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644], Gomon et al. 1994:585 [ref. 22532], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2730 [ref. 24833], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:332 [ref. 28867], Hoese & Gates 2006:1163 [ref. 28997]). •Valid as Caranx georgianus Cuvier 1833 -- (Pequeño 1989:60 [ref. 14125], Meléndez C. & Cornejo C. 2001:69 [ref. 26163]). •Valid as Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2006:101 [ref. 28900], Smith-Vaniz 2008:577 [ref. 30654], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Smith-Vaniz 2015:1255 [ref. 34200], Bearham et al. 2019:[B] [ref. 36963], Hoschke et al. 2019:156 [ref. 36626]). Current status: Valid as Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific: Perth (Western Australia) and Newcastle (New South Wales, Australia) southward, south to northern Tasmania (Australia); New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

gibbosus, Sparus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:47 [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:25 [ref. 3595]. •Valid as Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Tortonese 1973:408 [ref. 7192], Bauchot & Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:888 [ref. 13676], Bauchot & Hureau 1990:792 [ref. 18793], Afonso et al. 1999:85 [ref. 25466], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:90 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:42 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:86 [ref. 29533], Wirtz et al. 2007:35 [ref. 30263], Bañon et al. 2010:17 [ref. 31029], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:46 [ref. 36649], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2588 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:140 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:264 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892], Parenti 2019:101 [ref. 37117], Reiner 2019:215 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:90 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:42 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:84 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:54 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:79 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:280 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque 1810). Sparidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Portugal south to Angola, including Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), ?Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: brackish, marine.

gobioides, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] (ex Solander) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:234 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Tahiti, Society Islands. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:66 [ref. 20898]. •Incertae sedis in Sparidae -- (Parenti 2019:89 [ref. 36892]). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

gracilis, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1873:42 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeeling Natuurkunde (Ser. 2) v. 7; ref. 433] Java; Nias; Sulawesi; Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Syntypes: ? •Valid as Nemipterus gracilis (Bleeker 1873) -- (Russell 1990:36 [ref. 19228], Russell 2001:3079 [ref. 26106], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 27 [ref. 38321], Prokofiev 2022:694 [ref. 39593]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus gracilis (Bleeker 1873). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

griseus, Dentex Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1843:72, Pl. 36 [Fauna Japonica Parts 2-4; ref. 4371] Southwestern coast of Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D2248 (dry). Paralectotypes: RMNH D323-325 (1, 1, 1, dry), 1026 (1). Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:76 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Gymnocranius griseus (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:124 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:114 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:156 [ref. 29757], Sato in Masuda et al. 1984:179 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:507, 687 [ref. 8056], Sato 1986:606 [ref. 5152], Smith 1986:595 [ref. 5712], Allen & Swainston 1988:84 [ref. 25477], Allen in Carpenter & Allen 1989:28 [ref. 13577], Winterbottom et al. 1989:39 [ref. 13251], Krishnan & Mishra 1994:285 [ref. 24014], Goren & Dor 1994:42 [ref. 25356], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:327 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:132 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:98 [ref. 26476] dated 1846, Myers 1999:152 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:862 [ref. 25086], Carpenter in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Allen 2000:103 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:35 [ref. 25847], Carpenter 2001:3023 [ref. 26105], Nakabo 2002:862 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:344, 616 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:40 [ref. 26830] dating to Schlegel 1844, Myers & Donaldson 2003:628 [ref. 27495] with author as Schlegel, Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:99 [ref. 27510], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:36 [ref. 27712] with author as Schlegel, Choi & Kim 2004:81 [ref. 27749], Allen et al. 2006:1233 [ref. 29090], Motomura in Motomura & Shibukawa 2009:161 [ref. 31132], Motomura et al. 2010:126 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:493 [ref. 31980], Yoshida et al. 2013:149 [ref. 34464], Motomura et al. 2015:24 [ref. 34709], Motomura et al. 2017:154 [ref. 35490], Chen et al. 2017:527 [ref. 35766], Jawad et al. 2018:114 [ref. 36262], Fricke et al. 2019:170 [ref. 36673], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 28 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:135 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:475 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:72 [ref. 37637], Dewa et al. 2022:19 [ref. 40001], Mochizuki et al. 2022:22 [ref. 39612], Chen et al. 2024:9 [ref. 40994]). Current status: Valid as Gymnocranius griseus (Temminck & Schlegel 1843). Lethrinidae: Monotaxinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: southern Sea of Japan (Korea, Japan) and Pacific coast of southern Japan to Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

gulosus, Parachromis Agassiz [L.] 1859:408 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 6 (1856-1859); ref. 74] Lake Nicaragua. Lectotype: MCZ 16086. Paralectotypes: MCZ 144443 [ex MCZ 16086] (1). Entire description of the genus and the species is, "Of the four genera from Nicaragua, one, were it not for the interrupted lateral line, would resemble very closely Dentex; Prof. Agassiz proposed to call it Parachromis gulosus." Typically that would be regarded as not available, no distinguishing features provided; from Lake Nicaragua. •Treated as valid by Kullander & Hartel 1997:196, Fig. 1 [ref. 22732] with lectotype as MCZ 16086, and paralectotype as MCZ 144443 [ex 16086] (1). •The same as the younger Parachromis managuensis (Günther 1867) -- (see Bussing 1998:372 [ref. 24179], Kullander in Reis et al. 2003:640 [ref. 27061], Mundy 2005:422 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Synonym of Parachromis managuensis (Günther 1867). Cichlidae: Cichlinae. Habitat: freshwater.

gyrinus, Gobiesox Valenciennes [A.] 1841:Pl. 108 (fig. 1) [Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation; ref. 17868] South Africa. No types known. •Synonym of Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769) -- (Briggs 1955:40 [ref. 637], Briggs 1986:379 [ref. 5643], Briggs 2022:439 [ref. 39965]). Current status: Synonym of Chorisochismus dentex (Pallas 1769). Gobiesocidae: Chorisochisminae. Habitat: marine.

hasselquistii, Myletes Cuvier [G.] 1818:449, Pl. 21 (fig. 2) [Mémoires du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 4; ref. 1016] Nile River. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-6301 (1), A-9713 to 9715 (5, 1, 1), A-9883 (2). Type catalog: Bertin 1948:10 [ref. 19577]. Placed on the Official Index in Opinion 1813. •Synonym of Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Paugy 1984:144 [ref. 6183]). Suppressed. Current status: Synonym of Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Alestidae. Habitat: freshwater.

hasta, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:255 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Malabar, India. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9054 (2, poor condition). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:48 [ref. 20898]. Not the same as Acanthopagrus hasta (Bloch & Schneider 1801). •In Sparidentex -- (Kume & Yoshino 2008:52 [ref. 29572]). •Valid as Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Randall 1995:228 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:183 [ref. 23922], Hutchins 2001:35 [ref. 25847], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S109 [ref. 27377], Bray et al. 2006:1230 [ref. 29091], Iwatsuki & Carpenter 2009:51 [ref. 30528], Coad 2010:266 [ref. 36620], Kottelat 2013:349 [ref. 32989], Amir et al. 2014:476 [ref. 33280], Siddiqui at al. 2014:89 [ref. 33479], Psomadakis et al. 2015:264 [ref. 34104], Ali et al. 2018:329 [ref. 36183], Eagderi et al. 2019:115 [ref. 37020], Parenti 2019:87 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:313 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Valid as Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf east to east coast of India. Ballast water introduction in Perth (Western Australia). Habitat: marine.

hexodon, Dentex Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1824:301 [Voyage autour du monde; ref. 3574] Timor Island, southern Malay Archipelago. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-9039. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:83 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:6 [ref. 11366]. •Valid as Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:88 [ref. 19754], Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:37 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:301 [ref. 13441], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:306 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:95 [ref. 26476], Johnson 1999:736 [ref. 25471], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:101 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:34 [ref. 25847], Russell 2001:3066 [ref. 26106], Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:102 [ref. 27510], Allen et al. 2006:1243 [ref. 29090], Allen et al. 2006:1243 [ref. 29090], Barman & Mishra 2009:9 [ref. 37652], Motomura in Shibukawa & Motomura 2009:157 [ref. 31131], Larson et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:144 [ref. 34464], Ning et al. 2015:5 [ref. 35427], Russell & Ho 2017:287 [ref. 35134], Motomura et al. 2017:146 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2019:165 [ref. 36673], Psomadakis et al. 2020:480 [ref. 37272], Muto in Motomura et al. 2021:34 [ref. 38121], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:65 [ref. 40682], Vilasri et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Myanmar and Andaman Sea east to New Ireland (Papua New Guinea) and Solomon Islands, north to Taiwan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

hypselognathus, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1873:41 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeeling Natuurkunde (Ser. 2) v. 7; ref. 433] Java and Sulawesi, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 5697 (3). •Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1990:34 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:37 [ref. 20179], Russell 1993:300 [ref. 13441]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

hypselosoma, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1854:402 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 13964] Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 5678. Paralectotypes: RMNH 35385 (1). Lectotype selecteds by Iwatsuki, et al. 2007:39 [ref. 29100]. •Valid as Dentex hypselosomus Bleeker 1854 -- (Iwatsuki et al. 2007:34 [ref. 29100] replacing Chrysophrys tumifrons Temminck & Schlegel 1843, Motomura et al. 2010:127 [ref. 31256], Shinohara et al. 2014:262 [ref. 33330], Iwatsuki et al. 2015:114 [ref. 33802], Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892], Kim et al. 2020:135 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:71 [ref. 37637], Mochizuki et al. 2021:50 [ref. 38974]). Current status: Valid as Dentex hypselosomus Bleeker 1854. Sparidae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: China and Taiwan north to southern Korea and Japan. Habitat: marine.

imperialis, Trachurus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:42, Pl. 11 (fig. 1) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Palermo, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:20 [ref. 3595] as Trachiurus impirialis. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644], Parenti 2019:104 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

insulanorum, Usacaranx Whitley [G. P.] 1937:223, Pl. 13 (fig. 2) [Australian Zoologist v. 8 (pt 4); ref. 4690] Elizabeth Reef, Tasman Sea, Australia. Holotype: lost. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

isacanthus, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1873:41 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeeling Natuurkunde (Ser. 2) v. 7; ref. 433] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia; Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 5699. •Valid as Nemipterus isacanthus (Bleeker 1873) -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:38 [ref. 19228], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Hutchins 2001:34 [ref. 25847], Russell 2001:3067 [ref. 26106], Allen et al. 2006:1243 [ref. 29090], Larson et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32988], Prokofiev 2022:694 [ref. 39593]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus isacanthus (Bleeker 1873). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

lethrinoides, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1850:11 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 23 (no. 6); ref. 16894] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5680 (247-mm TL spec. of 7). Bleeker specimens: NMV 46449 (1). Also in Bleeker 1850:102 [ref. 16888]. •Valid as Gymnocranius lethrinoides (Bleeker 1850) -- (Sato in Masuda et al. 1984:179 [ref. 6441]). •Questionably the same as Gymnocranius robinsoni (Gilchrist & Thompson 1908) -- (Sato 1986:607 [ref. 5152]). •Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Carpenter & Allen 1989:27 [ref. 13577], Randall et al. 1990:198 [ref. 15987], Randall 2005:274 [ref. 28239]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830). Lethrinidae: Monotaxinae. Habitat: marine.

lineopunctatus, Dentex Boulenger [G. A.] 1903:66, Pl. 6 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 3 (pt 3); ref. 15011] KwaZulu-Natal coast, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1903.2.6.5. •Synonym of Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus (Klunzinger 1870) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:590 [ref. 5710]). •Valid as Polysteganus lineopunctatus (Boulenger 1903) -- (Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2015:140 [ref. 34109], Parenti 2019:62 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:308 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Valid as Polysteganus lineopunctatus (Boulenger 1903). Sparidae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: South Africa and Mozambique. Habitat: marine.

luna, Caranx Geoffroy St. Hilaire [E.] 1817:no page number, Pl. 23 (figs. 3-4) [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4184] Alexandria, Egypt, eastern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5855. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:14 [ref. 12247]. Species epithet misspelled lune by Cuvier 1831:153 [ref. 30376]. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:85 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:45 [ref. 36649]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lutescens, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Richardson 1843:26 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Ocean; Australian streams; New Zealand. No types known. Based on Solander manuscript and a Parkinson drawing. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lycogenis, Dentex Bennett [E. T.] 1831:127 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1830-31 (pt 1); ref. 16794] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. No types known. Correct spelling is aureolineatus. •Synonym of Gnathodentex aureolineatus (Lacepède 1802) -- (Sato 1986:604 [ref. 5152], Carpenter & Allen 1989:17 [ref. 13577], Carpenter 2022:316 [ref. 39786]). Current status: Synonym of Gnathodentex aureolineatus (Lacepède 1802). Lethrinidae: Monotaxinae. Habitat: marine.

macrodens, Dentex Castelnau [F. L.] 1861:30 [Mémoire sur les poissons de l'Afrique australe; ref. 767] Algoa Bay, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): not at MNHN. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:66 [ref. 20898]. •Synonym of Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Parenti 2019:58 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:292 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Synonym of Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

macronemus, Synagris Günther [A.] 1859:380 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 1; ref. 1961] Trincomalee, Sri Lanka [probably Suriname]. Replacement name for Dentex filamentosus Valenciennes 1830, secondarily preoccupied by Cantharus filamentosus Rüppell 1828 when both are in Synagris and then in Nemipterus. •Synonym of Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker 1854) -- (Russell 1990:45 [ref. 19228], Russell 2001:3069 [ref. 26106] as filamentosus Valenciennes 1830). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker 1854). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

macrophthalmus, Sparus Bloch [M. E.] 1791:93, Pl. 272 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 5; ref. 4867] No locality. Syntypes: ZMB 1114 (1), 8597 (1, left skin). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:142 [ref. 24282]. On p. 73 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 8 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Polysteganus macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:591 [ref. 5710]). •Valid as Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791) -- (Tortonese 1973:408 [ref. 7192], Bauchot & Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:888 [ref. 13676], Bauchot & Hureau 1990:794 [ref. 18793], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:161 [ref. 25472], Afonso et al. 1999:75 [ref. 25466], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:90 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:42 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:86 [ref. 29533], Wirtz et al. 2007:35 [ref. 30263], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:47 [ref. 36649], Wirtz et al. 2013:126 [ref. 32972], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2589 [ref. 34618], Martins & Carneiro 2018:143 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:265 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892], Reiner 2019:216 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:89 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:42 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:84 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:54 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:79 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:280 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791). Sparidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Galicia (Spain) south to Namibia, including Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: marine.

maculatus, Dentex Pérez Canto [C.] 1886:12 [Anales de la Universidad de Chile v. 69 (sec. 1); ref. 18531] Valparaíso, Chile. ?MHNV (possibly lost). •Valid as Semicossyphus maculatus (Perez Canto 1886) -- (Pequeño 1989:64 [ref. 14125], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:333 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Semicossyphus darwini (Jenyns 1842) -- (Gomon 1997:825 [ref. 23083], Parenti & Randall 2000:39 [ref. 24943]). •Synonym of Bodianus darwini (Jenyns 1842). Current status: Synonym of Bodianus darwini (Jenyns 1842). Labridae. Habitat: marine.

marginatus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:245 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Java, Indonesia. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-9055. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000-9043 (1) Vanicolo, B-2934 (1) Vanicolo. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:83-84 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:6 [ref. 11366]. Lectotype selected by Russell 1991:1382 [ref. 19490] with paralectotypes as doubtful and not this species. •Valid as Nemipterus marginatus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:87 [ref. 19754], Akazaki in Masuda et al. 1984:176 [ref. 6441], Dor 1984:145 [ref. 29757], Shen & Lin 1984:13 [ref. 13822], Russell 1990:42 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:1380 [ref. 19490], Goren & Dor 1994:39 [ref. 25356], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:308 [ref. 27969], Chen et al. 1997:96 [ref. 26476], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Russell 2001:3079 [ref. 26106], Allen et al. 2006:1243 [ref. 29090], Larson et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:145 [ref. 34464], Matsunuma in Kimura et al. 2015:57 [ref. 34319], Bineesh et al. 2018:88 [ref. 36219], Matsunuma in Kimura et al. 2018:176 [ref. 36460], Psomadakis et al. 2020:481 [ref. 37272], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40682], Vilasri et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus marginatus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Andaman Sea east to Philippines, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

maroccanus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:234 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Coast of Africa near Morocco. Holotype (unique): ZMB 8597. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:66 [ref. 20898], Paepke 1999:142 [ref. 24282]. •Valid as Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes 1830 -- (Tortonese 1973:408 [ref. 7192], Bauchot & Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:889 [ref. 13676], Bauchot & Hureau 1990:795 [ref. 18793], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:91 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:42 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:87 [ref. 29533], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2590 [ref. 34618], Carneiro et al. 2019:265 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892], Bariche & Fricke 2020:90 [ref. 37515], Golani 2021:54 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:79 [ref. 39014], Bilecenoğlu & Yokeş 2022:44 [ref. 39524], Fermon et al. 2022:280 [ref. 39448], Toso & Langeneck in Grech et al. 2023:409 [ref. 40778]). Current status: Valid as Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes 1830. Sparidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay (strays to North Sea) south to Gabon. Habitat: marine.

mesoprion, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1853:255 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 12580] Priaman, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): ?RMNH 5684 (1 of 3). •Valid as Nemipterus mesoprion (Bleeker 1853) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:89 [ref. 19754], Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:43 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:1382 [ref. 19490], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Russell 2001:3079 [ref. 26106], Ning et al. 2015:5 [ref. 35427], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40682]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus mesoprion (Bleeker 1853). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Paciric: Andaman Sea and Indonesia and Gulf of Thailand (Thailand) east to Philippines Habitat: marine.

metopias, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1857:51 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Nemipterus metopias (Bleeker 1857) -- (Akazaki in Masuda et al. 1984:176 [ref. 6441], Chen et al. 1997:96 [ref. 26476]). •Synonym of Nemipterus zysron (Bleeker 1856) -- (Russell 1990:62 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:307 [ref. 13441], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:335 [ref. 28867], Fricke et al. 2018:211 [ref. 35805], Russell 2022:332 [ref. 39836]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus zysron (Bleeker 1856). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

micans, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Richardson 1843:27 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Motuari, Bay of Islands, New Zealand. No types known. Based on Solander manuscript. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

microdon, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1851:219 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 330] Bulucomba, southern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5681. •Valid as Gymnocranius microdon (Bleeker 1851) -- (Sato in Masuda et al. 1984:179 [ref. 6441], Sato 1986:608 [ref. 5152], Allen in Carpenter & Allen 1989:30 [ref. 13577], Allen 1997:134 [ref. 23977], Myers 1999:152 [ref. 23965], Nakabo 2000:862 [ref. 25086], Carpenter in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Carpenter 2001:3024 [ref. 26105], Nakabo 2002:862 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:40 [ref. 26830] dated 1857, Allen et al. 2006:1234 [ref. 29090], Borsa et al. 2010:245 [ref. 30820], Allen & Erdmann 2012:493 [ref. 31980], Chen et al. 2017:527 [ref. 35766], Psomadakis et al. 2020:475 [ref. 37272], Shibuya et al. 2021:22 [ref. 38821], Chen et al. 2024:9 [ref. 40994]). Current status: Valid as Gymnocranius microdon (Bleeker 1851). Lethrinidae: Monotaxinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Indonesia to Amami Islands (Kagoshima Prefecture, southern Japan). Habitat: marine.

miles, Dentex Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1908:155 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 14320] KawZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): SAM 9942. •Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:583 [ref. 5710], Siddiqui at al. 2014:80 [ref. 33479], Parenti 2019:58 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:294 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

mulloides, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1852:576 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 334] Sibogha, Sumatra, Indonesia. Syntypes: (2). Original as mulloïdes. •Synonym of Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1990:49 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:303 [ref. 13441], Kottelat 2013:349 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

mulloides, Nemipterus Smith [J. L. B.] 1939:219, Fig. 2 [Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa v. 27 (pt 3); ref. 17223] Delagoa Bay, Mozambique, western Indian Ocean, about 4 fathoms. Holotype (unique): SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 12 [ex AMG]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Dentex mulloides Bleeker 1852, replaced by Nemipterus delagoae Smith 1941. •Synonym of Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1986:600 [ref. 5708], Russell 1990:31 [ref. 19228], Russell 2022:329 [ref. 39836]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

multidens, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:238 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea; and no locality. Syntypes: MNHN A-8085 (1, dry) no locality. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:48 [ref. 20898] as holotype and paratype. •Valid as Pentapodus multidens (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Dor 1984:156 [ref. 29757]); not treated by Russell 1990 [ref. 19228] in Pentapodus. •Valid (though identity doubtful) as Dentex multidens Valenciennes 1830 -- (Goren & Dor 1994:44 [ref. 25356]). •Valid as Dentex multidens Valenciennes 1830 -- (Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892]). •Uncertain in family Sparidae – (Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:74 [ref. 35264]). Sparidae. Distribution: Red Sea [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

nalolo, Ecsenius Smith [J. L. B.] 1959:245, Fig. 10 [Ichthyological Bulletin, Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University No. 14; ref. 4123] Pinda, Mozambique, western Indian Ocean. Holotype: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 254. Paratypes: (9) not researched. •Valid as Ecsenius nalolo Smith 1959 -- (Springer 1971:33 [ref. 7707], Dor 1984:229 [ref. 29757], Springer 1986:746 [ref. 5719], Springer 1988:72 [ref. 6804], Winterbottom et al. 1989:60 [ref. 13251], Goren & Dor 1994:59 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:315 [ref. 22896], Springer & Randall 1999:45 [ref. 24274], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S117 [ref. 27377], Patzner et al. 2009:452 [ref. 30396], Attaran-Farimani et al. 2016:176 [ref. 34175], Fricke et al. 2018:310 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:139 [ref. 36273], Zajonz et al. 2019:93 [ref. 36871], Esmaeili et al. 2022:11 [20] [ref. 39526], Williams & Springer 2022:351 [ref. 39951]). Current status: Valid as Ecsenius nalolo Smith 1959. Blenniidae: Salariinae. Distribution: Central and southern Red Sea; western Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Agalega Islands and Aldabra (Seychelles), Comoros, Madagascar and Saint Brandon's Shoals (Cargados Carajos) east to Maldives and Chagos Archipelago. Former northern Red Sea records are now assigned to E. dentex Springer 1988. Habitat: marine.

natalensis, Caranx Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1911:39 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 11 (pt 2); ref. 14790] Umhloti, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: BMNH 1926.7.20.2 (1), SAM 10560 (1). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz 1986:654 [ref. 5718], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2730 [ref. 24833], Smith-Vaniz 2022:56 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

natalensis, Dentex Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1908:156 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 6 (pt 2); ref. 14320] KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: (2) SAM 9908 (1). •Synonym of Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus (Klunzinger 1870) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:591 [ref. 5710]). •Synonym of Polysteganus lineopunctatus (Boulenger 1903) -- (Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2015:140 [ref. 34109], Parenti 2019:62 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:308 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Synonym of Polysteganus lineopunctatus (Boulenger 1903). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

nematophorus, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1854:500 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 5965] Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5696 (1 of 2). •Valid as Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker 1854) -- (Kailola 1971:127 [ref. 39475], Kyushin et al. 1982:82 [ref. 19754], Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:45 [ref. 19228], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:310 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Russell 2001:3069 [ref. 26106], Barman & Mishra 2009:11 [ref. 37652], Yoshida et al. 2013:145 [ref. 34464], Russell & Ho 2017:286 [ref. 35134], Motomura et al. 2017:147 [ref. 35490], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 27 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:481 [ref. 37272], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40682], Vilasri et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker 1854). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: east coast of India, Bangladesh and Myanmar east to Philippines and Papua New Guinea, north to South China Sea. Habitat: marine.

nematopus, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1851:219 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 330] Bulucomba, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5692. •Valid as Nemipterus nematopus (Bleeker 1851) -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:46 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:1384 [ref. 19490], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Russell 2001:3080 [ref. 26106], Allen et al. 2006:1244 [ref. 29090], Larson et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32988], Motomura et al. 2017:147 [ref. 35490], Prokofiev 2022:694 [ref. 39593]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus nematopus (Bleeker 1851). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

nemurus, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1857:49 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5694. •Valid as Nemipterus nemurus (Bleeker 1857) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:84 [ref. 19754], Russell 1990:48 [ref. 19228], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:310 [ref. 27969], Chen et al. 1997:97 [ref. 26476], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Russell 2001:3070 [ref. 26106], Matsunuma in Kimura et al. 2018:177 [ref. 36460], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:61 [ref. 40682], Vilasri et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus nemurus (Bleeker 1857). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Andaman Sea, Indonesia and Gulf of Thailand (Thailand) east to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

niloticus, Characinus Geoffroy St. Hilaire [E.] 1809:50 [239, 241], Pl. 4 [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4182] Nile River. No types known. The page numbers are from a different edition. •Synonym of Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Paugy 1984:144 [ref. 6183]). Current status: Synonym of Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Alestidae. Habitat: freshwater.

nobilis, Caranx Macleay [W.] 1881:532 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 2869] Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. Holotype (unique): MAMU (apparently lost). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:582 [ref. 12442], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644], Gomon et al. 1994:585 [ref. 22532], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2730 [ref. 24833], Hoese & Gates 2006:1163 [ref. 28997]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2006:101 [ref. 28900]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

notatus, Dentex (Synagris) Day [F.] 1871:684 [8] [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1870 (pt 3); ref. 1078] Andaman Islands. Holotype (unique): ZSI 229 (destroyed). Day specimens or possible holotype: AMS B.8219 (1) Andaman Is. Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:159 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:301 [ref. 25110]. On p. 8 of separate. •Synonym of Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Russell 1990:37 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:301 [ref. 13441]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

nufar, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] (ex Ehrenberg) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:240 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Egypt, Red Sea; Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9021 to 0000-9024 (1, 2, 2, 2); ZMB 1116 (4). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:49 [ref. 20898]. •Synonym of Dentex canariensis Steindachner 1881 -- (Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2585 [ref. 34618] by mistake?). •Valid as Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Dor 1984:158 [ref. 29757], Smith & Smith 1986:583 [ref. 5710], Goren & Dor 1994:43 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:225 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:181 [ref. 23922], Fricke 1999:292 [ref. 24106], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S109 [ref. 27377], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:216 [ref. 28072], Fricke et al. 2009:65 [ref. 30213], Siddiqui at al. 2014:80 [ref. 33479], Tanaka & Iwatsuki 2015:203 [ref. 33947], Psomadakis et al. 2015:261 [ref. 34104], Fricke et al. 2018:219 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:101 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:113 [ref. 37020], Parenti 2019:58 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:294 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Valid as Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Distribution: Red Sea; western Indian Ocean: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Pakistan. Habitat: marine.

opsophthalmus, Dentex macrophthalmus forma Ananiadès [C. I.] 1950:9, Fig. 1 [Praktika toy Ellenikou ydrobiologikou institoutou = Praktika of the Hellenic Hydrobiological Institute. v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 19937] Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea. •Synonym of Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Tortonese 1973:408 [ref. 7192], Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

ovenii, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1854:246 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 345] Makassar, Sulawesi , Indonesia. Holotype (unique) (?): RMNH 5689. •Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1990:34 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:36 [ref. 20179], Russell 1993:300 [ref. 13441], Chen et al. 1997:97 [ref. 26476]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

parvulus, Dentex de Brito Capello [F.] 1867:250 [Jornal do Sciências Mathemáticas, Physicas e Naturaes, Lisboa v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 14042] Portugal. Holotype (unique): destroyed in fire. •Probably a synonym of Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch 1791) -- (Tortonese 1973:415 [ref. 7192]). •Synonym of Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes 1830 -- (Bauchot & Hureau 1990:795 [ref. 18793], Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes 1830. Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

peronii, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:245, Pl. 154 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] No locality [probably northwestern Australia]. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-9040. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:84 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:7 [ref. 11366]. •Valid as Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:90 [ref. 19754], Akazaki in Masuda et al. 1984:176 [ref. 6441], Shen & Lin 1984:21 [ref. 13822], Russell 1986:600 [ref. 5708], Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:49 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:303 [ref. 13441], Goren & Dor 1994:39 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:215 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:313 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:185 [ref. 23922], Nakabo 2000:848 [ref. 25086], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:101 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:34 [ref. 25847], Russell 2001:3071 [ref. 26106], Nakabo 2002:848 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S110 [ref. 27377], Randall 2005:282 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1244 [ref. 29090], Barman & Mishra 2009:12 [ref. 37652], Motomura in Shibukawa & Motomura 2009:157 [ref. 31131], Ning et al. 2011:829 [ref. 32152], Russell & Tweddle 2013:196 [ref. 32547], Larson et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:349 [ref. 32989], Motomura in Kimura et al. 2015:58 [ref. 34319], Psomadakis et al. 2015:268 [ref. 34104], Ning et al. 2015:5 [ref. 35427], Miesen et al. 2016:90 [ref. 34492], Russell & Ho 2017:287 [ref. 35134], Ali et al. 2018:330 [ref. 36183], Bineesh et al. 2018:88 [ref. 36219], Golani & Fricke 2018:94 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 28 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:482 [ref. 37272], Russell & Gouws 2020:578 [ref. 38021], Prokofiev 2022:694 [ref. 39593], Russell 2022:331 [ref. 39836], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40682]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: South Africa; Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Vanuatu, north to Taiwan and China, south to Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia), Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

perotaei, Pristipoma Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:254 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 999] Senegal. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-6235. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1983:41 [ref. 21546] with original as perotoei. Collected by Pérotet, but not misspelled as perotaei; peroteti (e.g. Günther 1854) or perotetii regarded as unjustified emendations. Preceded by the unusued name Dentex diplodon Bowdich 1825, which was declared a nomen oblitum (see Parenti 2019:93 [ref. 36892]); therefore reversal of precedence. •Valid as Pomadasys peroteti [sic] (Cuvier 1830) -- (Roux 1986:330 [ref. 6209], Roux 1990:787 [ref. 18781], Bauchot in Lévêque et al. 1992:698 [ref. 21590], Afonso et al. 1999:85 [ref. 25466]). •Valid as Pomadasys perotaei (Cuvier 1830) -- (Snoeks & Vreven 2007:425 [ref. 30079], Wirtz et al. 2007:34 [ref. 30263], Wirtz et al. 2013:125 [ref. 32972], Carpenter & Johnson in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2563 [ref. 34618], Carneiro et al. 2019:263 [ref. 37250], Parenti 2019:170 [ref. 37021], Reiner 2019:213 [ref. 38139] as pterotei, Fermon et al. 2022:278 [ref. 39448]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Pomadasys perotaei (Cuvier 1830). Haemulidae: Haemulinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania south to Angola, including Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. Habitat: brackish, marine.

platessa, Caranx Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:84 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] "La mer des Indies" [probably Geographe Bay, Western Australia]. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-5856. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:17 [ref. 12247]. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2006:101 [ref. 28900]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx georgianus (Cuvier 1833). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

platinoides, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Richardson 1843:28 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Tolaga, New Zealand. No types known. Based on Solander manuscript and a Parkinson drawing. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

polli, Dentex Roux [C.] 1954:468, Fig. 1 [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 26 (no. 4); ref. 12469] Marine station at Pointe-Noire, Republic of the Congo, western Africa. Syntypes: (3) MNHN 1985-0583 (2). Spelled poli on p. 468 and polli on p. 469; named for M. Poll so polli is correct. •Synonym of Dentex angolensis Poll & Maul 1953 -- (Bauchot & Hureau 1990:793 [ref. 18793], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2583 [ref. 34618], Parenti 2019:59 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex angolensis Poll & Maul 1953. Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

praeorbitalis, Dentex Günther [A.] 1859:368 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 1; ref. 1961] Cape seas, South Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1851.10.26.8 (stuffed). Also listed was Plate XXIII. fig. A, but on preface p. vi it is stated, "The Plates referred to, and executed by Mr. Ford, will be published as a separate volume." •Valid as Polysteganus praeorbitalis (Günther 1859) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:591 [ref. 5710], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:232 [ref. 28072], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2011:16 [ref. 31500], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2015:146 [ref. 34109], Fricke et al. 2018:220 [ref. 35805], Parenti 2019:62 [ref. 36892], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:308 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Valid as Polysteganus praeorbitalis (Günther 1859). Sparidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) north to Mozambique, east to Madagascar. Habitat: marine.

pristipoma, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1854:246 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7 (no. 2); ref. 345] Sibogha, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH 5449 (2). Unneeded replacement name for Pristipomoides typus Bleeker 1852. •Synonym of Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus (Valenciennes 1832) -- (Dor 1984:143 [ref. 29757]). •Synonym of Pristipomoides typus Bleeker 1852 with same type specimens. Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Pristipomoides typus Bleeker 1852. Lutjanidae: Etelinae. Habitat: marine.

pseudodentex, Sparus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:276 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Genoa, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Based on "Bufala" of Cetti 1777:120 [ref. 18872]. •Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Sparidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

pseudodentex, Sparus dentex var. Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:272 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Genoa, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Based on "Bufala" of Cetti 1777:120 [ref. 18872]. Probably not independent of Sparus pseudodentex Walbaum 1792. •Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758) -- (Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Sparidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

regularis, Dentex Cantraine [F. J.] 1833:226 [Not found yet; ref. 40287] Still researching. Senior primary homonym of Dentex regularis Frost 1934 (Haemulidae). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

richardsonii, Plectropoma Günther [A.] 1862:391 [1], Pl. 38 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1861 (pt 3) (art. 1); ref. 18179] Fremantle, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1861.5.18.14. On p. 1 of separate. •Synonym of Othos dentex (Cuvier 1828) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:506 [ref. 12442], Allen et al. 2006:989 [ref. 29078], Parenti & Randall 2020:22 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Othos dentex (Cuvier 1828). Anthiadidae. Habitat: marine.

rivulatus, Dentex Bennett [E. T.] 1835:91 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1835 (pt 3); ref. 16793] Near Trabzon [Trebizond], Turkey, Black Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758) (Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Sparidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rivulatus, Dentex Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1838:116, Pl. 29 (fig. 2) [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): SMF 3042 (dry). Originally Dentex ? rivulatus. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Dentex rivulatus Bennett 1835, replaced by Gymnocranius ruppellii Smith 1941. •Synonym of Gymnocranius griseus (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Dor 1984:156 [ref. 29757]). •Synonym of Gymnocranius robinsoni (Gilchrist & Thompson 1908) -- (Sato 1986:607 [ref. 5152]). •Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Carpenter & Allen 1989:27 [ref. 13577], Randall 2005:274 [ref. 28239], Allen et al. 2006:1233 [ref. 29090], Fricke et al. 2018:213 [ref. 35805]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830). Lethrinidae: Monotaxinae. Habitat: marine.

robinsoni, Dentex Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1909:226 [Annals of the South African Museum v. 6 (pt 3, no. 5); ref. 1650] Natal coast south of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): SAM 10037. •Synonym of Gymnocranius griseus (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Dor 1984:156 [ref. 29757]). •Valid as Gymnocranius robinsoni (Gilchrist & Thompson 1909) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:126 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:115 [ref. 19754], Sato in Masuda et al. 1984:179 [ref. 6441], Sato 1986:607 [ref. 5152], Smith 1986:596 [ref. 5712], Allen & Swainston 1988:84 [ref. 25477], Winterbottom et al. 1989:39 [ref. 13251], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:328 [ref. 27969], Chen et al. 1997:99 [ref. 26476] dated 1908). •Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Carpenter & Allen 1989:27 [ref. 13577], Randall et al. 1990:198 [ref. 15987], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:xii [ref. 21953], Carpenter 2001:3022 [ref. 26105], Randall 2005:274 [ref. 28239], Golani & Fricke 2018:98 [ref. 36273], Carpenter 2022:317 [ref. 39786]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830). Lethrinidae: Monotaxinae. Habitat: marine.

roschal, Salmo Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Forsskål) 1792:81 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Nile River, near Cairo, Egypt. A forgotten name, not used as valid since 1899, therefore reversal of priority in favor of Hydrocyon forskahlii Cuvier 1819 is followed (Art. 23.9) -- (Fricke 2008:18 [ref. 30182]). Authorship according to Fricke 2008:18 [ref. 30182]. Misidentified as Salmo dentex (non Linnaeus 1758) by Forsskål 1775:xiii, 66 [ref. 1351] with vernacular name "Roschal'. •Synonym of Hydrocynus forskahlii (Cuvier 1819) -- (Fricke 2008:18 [ref. 30182]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Hydrocynus forskahlii (Cuvier 1819). Alestidae. Habitat: freshwater.

ruber, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:247 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Probably Sea of the Indies; Waigeo. Syntypes: MNHN A-0695 (1, dry skin, left side) no locality, 9044 (1) Waigiou. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:84 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:7 [ref. 11366], Bauchot & Daget 1996:243 [ref. 22899]. •Synonym of Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Russell 1990:37 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:301 [ref. 13441]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

rupestris, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:231 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Syntypes: MNHN A-0784 (1, dry), A-8147 (1, dry), A-8148 (1, dry). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:49-50 [ref. 20898]. •Valid as Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:589 [ref. 5710], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:230 [ref. 28072], Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892], Russell & van Oijen 2021:425 [ref. 38177], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2022:304 [ref. 39785]). Current status: Valid as Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Western Cape, Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Habitat: marine.

ruppellii, Gymnocranius Smith [J. L. B.] 1941:449 [Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa v. 28 (pt 5); ref. 19229] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Replacement name for Dentex rivulatus Rüppell 1838, preoccupied by Dentex rivulatus Bennett 1835. Correct spelling is ruppellii -- see Kullander 2016:96 [ref. 34436]. •Synonym of Gymnocranius robinsoni (Gilchrist & Thompson 1908) -- (Sato 1986:608 [ref. 5152]). •Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Carpenter & Allen 1989:27 [ref. 13577], Fricke et al. 2018:213 [ref. 35805], Carpenter 2022:317 [ref. 39786]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes 1830). Lethrinidae: Monotaxinae. Habitat: marine.

sethente, Alestes Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1850:190 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] Senegal. Syntypes: MNHN A-9716 (5). Type catalog: Bertin 1948:11 [ref. 19577]. •Synonym of Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Paugy 1984:145 [ref. 6183], Lévèque et al. 1991:139 [ref. 31367]). •Synonym of Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758), but possibly a valid subspecies -- (Paugy in Lévêque et al. 1990:205 [ref. 21589]). Current status: Synonym of Alestes dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Alestidae. Habitat: freshwater.

setigerus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:253 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Japan. Syntypes: ZMB 8812 (1), ?8195 (1, stuffed). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:84-85 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:14, 18 [ref. 11366]. Based on Sparus sinensis Lacepède and one specimen. •Synonym of Nemipterus virgatus (Houttuyn 1782) -- (Russell 1990:59 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:305 [ref. 13441]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus virgatus (Houttuyn 1782). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

smithii, Dentex (Heterognathodon) Steindachner [F.] 1868:978 [14], Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 57; ref. 14081] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Holotype (unique): NMW. Species listed as smithi in name only in earlier abstract [ref. 20463]. On p. 14 of separate. •Synonym of Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1986:600 [ref. 5708], Russell 1990:49 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:303 [ref. 13441], Kottelat 2013:349 [ref. 32989], Russell 2022:331 [ref. 39836]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

solea, Caranx Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:86 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-6155 [or A-6115]. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:18 [ref. 12247]. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

spariformis, Dentex Ogilby [J. D.] 1910:91 [On some new fishes from the Queensland coast; ref. 3289] 36 miles south 12°West from Moreton Island, Queensland, Australia, depth 7 fathoms. Lectotype: QM I.1549. Paralectotypes: (5) AMS I.12538 (1); QM I.477 (1). Lectotype selected by Iwatsuki et al. 2007:40 [ref. 29100]. For remarks on types see Imamura & Hoese 2020:[8] [ref. 37793]. •Valid as Allotaius spariformis (Ogilby 1910) -- (Hutchins 2001:35 [ref. 25847]). •Synonym of Dentex tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Carpenter 2001:3000 [ref. 26104], Bray et al. 2006:1228 [ref. 29091]). •Valid as Dentex spariformis Ogilby 1910 -- (Iwatsuki et al. 2007:39 [ref. 29100], Larson et al. 2013:140 [ref. 32988], Iwatsuki et al. 2015:114 [ref. 33802], Parenti 2019:61 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Valid as Dentex spariformis Ogilby 1910. Sparidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Queensland (Australia) and Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

striatus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:252 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Holotype (unique): not at MNHN or ZMB. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:84 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:14 [ref. 11366]. •Questionably a synonym of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch 1791) -- (Russell 1990:37 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:302 [ref. 13441], Ning et al. 2015:2 [ref. 35427]). Current status: Uncertain as Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch 1791). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

sumbawensis, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1859:439 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 19; ref. 16985] Sumbawa Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5702. •Synonym of Nemipterus nematopus (Bleeker 1851) -- (Russell 1990:46 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:1384 [ref. 19490]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus nematopus (Bleeker 1851). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

sundanensis, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1873:42 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeeling Natuurkunde (Ser. 2) v. 7; ref. 433] Java; Bangka; Belitung Island, Indonesia; Sulawesi, Indonesia. Syntypes: RMNH. •Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1990:34 [ref. 19228], Russell 1991:37 [ref. 20179], Russell 1993:300 [ref. 13441]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

synodon, Dentex Risso [A.] 1840:382 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 6 (pt. 1); ref. 18638] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. •Synonym of Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque 1810). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

taeniopterus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:246 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] No locality. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-0697 (dry skin, left side). Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1983:7 [ref. 11366]. •Synonym of Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) -- (Russell 1990:37 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:301 [ref. 13441]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard 1824). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

tambuloides, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1853:465 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 3); ref. 336] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Original as tambuloïdes. •Valid as Nemipterus tambuloides (Bleeker 1853) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:86 [ref. 19754], Russell 1990:56 [ref. 19228], Kimura 1993:2 [ref. 24330], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:315 [ref. 27969], Nakabo 2000:849 [ref. 25086], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Russell 2001:3072 [ref. 26106], Nakabo 2002:849 [ref. 26001], Yoshida et al. 2013:146 [ref. 34464], Prokofiev 2022:694 [ref. 39593], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40682], Vilasri et al. 2023:89 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus tambuloides (Bleeker 1853). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Andaman Sea, Indonesia and Gulf of Thailand (Thailand) east to Philippines. Habitat: marine.

tambulus, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:249, 558 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Puducherry, India and Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Syntypes: MNHN A-8088 (1); ZMB 1118 (1), 8147 (1, left skin), 8196 (1). Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:85 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:7, 18 [ref. 11366], Paepke 1999:106 [ref. 24282]. Replacement name for Dentex filamentosus Valenciennes 1830, secondarily preoccupied by Cantharus filamentosus Rüppell 1828 when both are in Synagris. •Synonym of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch 1791) -- (Dor 1984:144 [ref. 29757], Russell 1990:40 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:302 [ref. 13441], Ning et al. 2015:2 [ref. 35427]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch 1791). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

tolu, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:248 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Puducherry [Pondicherry], India; New Guinea. Syntypes: MNHN A-6151 (1, dry), A-8086 (1, dry) and 8772 (1) Puducherry; MNHN 0000-9038 (2) New Guinea. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:85 [ref. 20898], Bauchot et al. 1983:7 [ref. 11366]. •Valid as Nemipterus tolu (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:91 [ref. 19754], Akazaki in Masuda et al. 1984:176 [ref. 6441], Dor 1984:145 [ref. 29757]). •Synonym of Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1990:49 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:303 [ref. 13441], Randall 1995:216 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:185 [ref. 23922], Russell 2001:3071 [ref. 26106], Randall 2005:282 [ref. 28239], Fricke & Kulbicki 2006:335 [ref. 28867], Ning et al. 2011:829 [ref. 32152], Kottelat 2013:349 [ref. 32989], Golani & Fricke 2018:94 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37020], Russell 2022:331 [ref. 39836]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

tumifrons, Chrysophrys Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1843:70, Pl. 34 [Fauna Japonica Parts 2-4; ref. 4371] Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D418 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH 960 (1) [not this species]. Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:75 [ref. 12876]. •Valid as Dentex tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Akazaki in Masuda et al. 1984:177 [ref. 6441], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1985:511, 689 [ref. 8056], Allen & Swainston 1988:84 [ref. 25477], Allen 1997:132 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:92 [ref. 26476] dated 1844, Akazaki & Séret 1999:177 [ref. 23938], Nakabo 2000:859 [ref. 25086], Carpenter in Randall & Lim 2000:619 [ref. 25122], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:137 [ref. 25480], Hutchins 2001:35 [ref. 25847], Shinohara et al. 2001:326 [ref. 25995], Carpenter 2001:3000 [ref. 26104], Nakabo 2002:859 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:342, 615 [ref. 26218], Shinohara et al. 2005:435 [ref. 28370], Bray et al. 2006:1228 [ref. 29091] dated 1844, Shinohara et al. 2011:49 [ref. 31715]). •Valid as Evynnis tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel 1843) -- (Iwatsuki et al. 2007:41 [ref. 29100], Guan et al. 2012:217 [ref. 31832], Parin et al. 2014:369 [ref. 33547], Parenti 2019:83 [ref. 36892], Kim et al. 2020:135 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:71 [ref. 37637]). Current status: Valid as Evynnis tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel 1843). Sparidae. Distribution: Western Pacific: China and Taiwan north to Sea of Japan (Korea, Japan, Russia), but excluding Ryukyu Islands. Habitat: marine.

undulosus, Dentex Regan [C. T.] 1908:252, Pl. 40 [Annals of the Natal Government Museum v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 14355] 16 miles northeast of Bird Island, KwaZulu-Natal, and Table Bay, Cape Colony, South Africa. Syntypes: (more than 1) BMNH 1899.2.10.2 (1). •Valid as Polysteganus undulosus (Regan 1908) -- (Smith & Smith 1986:591 [ref. 5710], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:233 [ref. 28072], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2011:16 [ref. 31500], Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2015:147 [ref. 34109], Parenti 2019:63 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Valid as Polysteganus undulosus (Regan 1908). Sparidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic, southwestern Indian Ocean: Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) to Delagoa Bay (Mozambique). Habitat: marine.

unispinosus, Dentex Bowdich [S. L.] 1825:235, Fig. 42 [Fishes of Madeira; ref. 590] Porto Praya, St. Jago Island, Cape Verde Islands. Unused senior synonym of Lethrinus atlanticus Valenciennes 1830; declared as nomen oblitum (see Parenti 2019:93 [ref. 36892]). Therefore reversal of precedence. •In the synonymy of Lethrinus atlanticus Valenciennes 1830 -- (Parenti 2019:93 [ref. 36892], Parenti 2019:7 [ref. 36934]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Lethrinus atlanticus Valenciennes 1830. Lethrinidae: Lethrininae. Habitat: marine.

upeneoides, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1853:725 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 3 (no. 5); ref. 16829] Sinus Klabat, Bangka, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5687. Original as upeneoïdes. •Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Russell 1990:34 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:300 [ref. 13441]). Current status: Synonym of Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes 1830). Nemipteridae. Habitat: marine.

vaigiensis, Dentex Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1824:302 [Voyage autour du monde; ref. 3574] Waigeo [Waigiou], Indonesia; Rawak Island, Bismarck Archipelago. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:66 [ref. 20898]. Family uncertain (Parenti 2019:90 [ref. 36892]). •Incertae sedis -- (Parenti 2019:90 [ref. 36892]). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

variabilis, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] (ex Ehrenberg) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:241 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Red Sea. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:67 [ref. 20898]. •Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Dor 1984:158 [ref. 29757], Siddiqui at al. 2014:80 [ref. 33479], Parenti 2019:58 [ref. 36892]). Current status: Synonym of Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes 1830). Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Dentex Risso [A.] 1827:364 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Sparidae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830:220, Pl. 153 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 6; ref. 996] Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9121 (1) Nice, A-8111 (1, dry) Iviça. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:50 [ref. 20898]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Dentex vulgaris Risso 1827. •Valid as Dentex vulgaris Valenciennes 1830 -- (Herrera 1896:54 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Tortonese 1973:407 [ref. 7192], Bauchot & Hureau in Whitehead et al. 1986:887 [ref. 13676], Bauchot & Hureau 1990:793 [ref. 18793], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:90 [ref. 26753], Golani 2005:42 [ref. 37112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:47 [ref. 36649], Carpenter & Iwatsuki in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2587 [ref. 34618], Parenti 2019:60 [ref. 36892]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Sparidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

zysron, Dentex Bleeker [P.] 1856:219 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 12 (no. 1); ref. 354] Pulau Nias, Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5688. •Valid as Nemipterus zysron (Bleeker 1856) -- (Allen & Swainston 1988:86 [ref. 25477], Russell 1990:62 [ref. 19228], Russell 1993:306 [ref. 13441], Goren & Dor 1994:40 [ref. 25356], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:317 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:136 [ref. 23977], Anderson et al. 1998:24 [ref. 23611], Nakabo 2000:850 [ref. 25086], Russell in Randall & Lim 2000:620 [ref. 25122], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:101 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:34 [ref. 25847], Russell 2001:3081 [ref. 26106], Nakabo 2002:850 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S110 [ref. 27377], Shibukawa et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:102 [ref. 27510], Adrim et al. 2004:121 [ref. 27715], Randall 2005:282 [ref. 28239], Randall et al. 2005:124 [ref. 28745], Allen et al. 2006:1244 [ref. 29090], Barman & Mishra 2009:15 [ref. 37652], Shibukawa in Shibukawa & Motomura 2009:158 [ref. 31131], Russell & Tweddle 2013:196 [ref. 32547], Larson et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32988], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:426 [ref. 33460], Psomadakis et al. 2015:269 [ref. 34104], Russell & Ho 2017:287 [ref. 35134], Motomura et al. 2017:147 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:330 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:211 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:94 [ref. 36273], Shibukawa in Kimura et al. 2018:178 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:90 [ref. 37020], Psomadakis et al. 2020:482 [ref. 37272], Russell & Gouws 2020:578 [ref. 38021], Prokofiev 2022:693 [ref. 39593], Russell 2022:332 [ref. 39836], Bangchongmanee et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40682]). Current status: Valid as Nemipterus zysron (Bleeker 1856). Nemipteridae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Madagascar, Seychelles and Persian Gulf east to Marshall Islands and Fiji, north to Taiwan, south to Dampier Archipelago (Western Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.