Species that contain: Echidna and nebulosa [ 10 ] records

auloptera, Muraena De Filippi [F.] 1853:168 [6] [Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Sér. 2) v. 5; ref. 17378] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MZUT 235. Type catalog: Tortonese 1940:141 [ref. 21559], Böhlke & Smith 2002:95 [ref. 26380]. On p. 6 of separate. •Synonym of Siderea grisea (Lacepède 1803) -- (Fricke 1999:56 [ref. 24106]). •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Böhlke & Smith 2002:95 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:6 [ref. 32155], Smith & Böhlke 2022:40 [ref. 39681]). Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

boschii, Muraena Bleeker [P.] 1852:52 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 25 (art. 5); ref. 339] Sibogha, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 7205. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:98 [ref. 26380]. •Valid as Gymnothorax boschii (Bleeker 1852) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:128 [ref. 12442], Johnson 1999:721 [ref. 25471], Zhang et al. 2010:257 [ref. 31511] as Gymnothorax boschi). •See Böhlke et al. 1999:1657 [ref. 24692]. •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Böhlke 2000:395 [ref. 24954], Böhlke & McCosker 2001:98 [ref. 25226], Böhlke & Smith 2002:98 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:6 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

cerinonigra, Muraena Richardson [J.] 1846:314 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Canton, China. No types known. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:101 [ref. 26380]. Originally as cerino-nigra. Based solely on illustration by Reeves (see Whitehead 1970:208 [ref. 11606]). •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Böhlke & Smith 2002:101 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:6 [ref. 32155]). •Synonym of Siderea picta (Ahl 1789) -- (Zhang et al. 2010:248 [ref. 31511]). Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

cocosa, Echidna Garman [S.] 1899:313 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Cocos Island, eastern Pacific. Holotype (unique): MCZ 28452. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:103 [ref. 26380], •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Böhlke & Smith 2002:103 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:6 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

echidna, Gymnothorax Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:526 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Huahina [Huahine] Island, Society Islands. Holotype (unique): ZMB 4000. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:107 [ref. 26380]. Apparently independent of Muraena echidna Gmelin 1789. Based on description of Echidna in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:107 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:5 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

echidna, Muraena Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1135 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Palmerston Island, central Pacific. No types known. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:107 [ref. 26380]. •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Böhlke & Smith 2002:107 [ref. 26380], Allen et al. 2006:245 [ref. 29005], Smith 2012:5 [ref. 32155]). Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

forsteri, Echidna Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:695 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality stated. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:112 [ref. 26380]. New name for Muraena echidna Gmelin 1789. •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:112 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:5 [ref. 32155]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

nebulosa, Muraena Ahl [J. N.] 1789:7, Pl. 1 (right fig.) [Specimen ichthyologicum de Muraena et Ophichtho; ref. 80] In Orientali India [Indonesia]. Holotype (unique): ?ZMUC 345. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:130 [ref. 26380]. Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:42 [ref. 24106] as the specimen in original figure Pl. 1. Fricke 1999:41 dates to 1801 but that is apparently incorrect as there is a 1789 publication that differs from the 1801 reference. •Valid as Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Dor 1984:26 [ref. 29757], Hatooka in Masuda et al. 1984:25 [ref. 6441], Castle & McCosker 1986:167 [ref. 5645], Hatooka 1986:381 [ref. 22522], Allen & Swainston 1988:32 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:127 [ref. 12442], Böhlke et al. 1989:130 [ref. 13286], Winterbottom et al. 1989:6 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:34 [ref. 15987], Francis 1993:157 [ref. 25479], Chen et al. 1994:45 [ref. 22258], Allen & Robertson 1994:43 [ref. 22193], McCosker & Rosenblatt in Fischer et al. 1995:1307 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:54 [ref. 22896], Quéro & Saldanha 1995:65 [ref. 22017], Randall & Golani 1995:851 [ref. 21744], Allen 1997:52 [ref. 23977], Allen & Robertson 1997:818 [ref. 41086], Carpenter et al. 1997:106 [ref. 23922], Kuiter 1997:32 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:34 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:44 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:41 [ref. 24106], Böhlke et al. 1999:1656 [ref. 24692], Allen 2000:84 [ref. 37268], Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Nakabo 2000:201 [ref. 25086], Böhlke & McCosker in Randall & Lim 2000:584 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:110 [ref. 25191], Thomson et al. 2000:46 [ref. 25640], Randall & Earle 2000:6 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:95 [ref. 25868], Böhlke & McCosker 2001:73 [ref. 25226], Hutchins 2001:16 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:201 [ref. 26001], Böhlke & Smith 2002:130 [ref. 26380], Allen & Adrim 2003:22 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S94 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:610 [ref. 27495], Randall et al. 2004:6 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:60 [ref. 27807], Heemstra et al. 2004:3316 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:102 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:17 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:35 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:114 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:245 [ref. 29005], Randall 2007:80 [ref. 30952], Béarez & Séret 2009:145 [ref. 36646], Fricke et al. 2009:14 [ref. 30213], Imamura 2009:17 [ref. 30434], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:188 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:70 [ref. 31256], Zhang et al. 2010:245 [ref. 31511], Fricke et al. 2011:349 [ref. 31242], Allen & Erdmann 2012:77 [ref. 31980], Smith 2012:5 [ref. 32155], Fricke et al. 2013:251 [ref. 32706], Page et al. 2013:60 [ref. 32708], Larson et al. 2013:24 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:17 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:4 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:145 [ref. 34104], Ho et al. 2015:152 [ref. 34130], Motomura et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34709], Fourriére et al. 2016:441 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:606 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:6 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:2 [ref. 35354], Fricke et al. 2018:33 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:19 [ref. 36273], Huang et al. 2018:[2] [ref. 35898], Arndt & Fricke 2019:23 [ref. 36883], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:115 [ref. 40104], Eagderi et al. 2019:17 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:50 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:61 [ref. 36871], Smith et al. 2019:9 [ref. 37159], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 4 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:272 [ref. 37272], Ramos-Castro et al. 2020:83 [ref. 37651], Love et al. 2021:32 [ref. 39279], Eudeline 2022:133 [ref. 39191], Grove et al. 2022:15 [ref. 41326], Kang et al. 2022:479 [ref. 39559], Smith & Böhlke 2022:40 [ref. 39681], Page et al. 2023:51 [ref. 40505], Murase et al. 2023:38 [ref. 40935], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40981], Allen & Erdmann 2024:86 [ref. 40796], Fricke et al. 2024:79 [ref. 41255], Fricke et al. 2024:113 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Mayotte (France), Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to southern Korea, southern Japan and Johnston Atoll, south to Western Australia and New Caledonia; eastern Pacific: couthern Baja California Sur and southern Gulf of California (Mexico) south to Colombia, including Clipperton Island (France) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2019): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.

ophis, Muraena Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1830:116, Pl. 29 (fig. 2) [Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3843] Red Sea. Holotype (unique): SMF 19. Type catalog: Böhlke & Smith 2002:134 [ref. 26380]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Muraena ophis Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Randall & Golani 1995:851 [ref. 21744], Böhlke & Randall 2000:217 [ref. 24493], Böhlke & Smith 2002:134 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:6 [ref. 32155], Smith et al. 2019:9 [ref. 37159], Smith & Böhlke 2022:40 [ref. 39681]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.

variegata, Muraena Richardson [J.] (ex Forster) 1848:94, Pl. 47 (figs. 1-5) [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] No types known. Name attributed to Forster by Richardson, but Forster's Echidna variegata was not published in an available way and is not available; Richardson based Muraena variegata on several literature sources and specimens. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Muraena variegata Rafinesque 1810, and Muraena variegata Quoy & Gaimard 1824. •Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789) -- (Böhlke & Smith 2002:153 [ref. 26380], Smith 2012:6 [ref. 32155], Fricke et al. 2018:33 [ref. 35805]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789). Muraenidae: Muraeninae. Habitat: marine.